A high-speed self-release switching type clutch

Abstract

The application relates to a high-speed self-decoupling switching type clutch and relates to the technical field of clutches. In order to solve the problem that the existing clutch cannot be stably decoupled under the condition of high rotating speed without an external driving source, the clutch is not required to be provided with an external oil source, an air source and the like, a plurality of groups of piston rods are arranged on a regulating assembly through pre-injection of working oil in the clutch, centrifugal action is utilized, automatic decoupling of the clutch under the condition of specific rotating speed in specific application occasions is realized, the structure of the clutch is more compact, an additional control unit is not required, self-adaptive decoupling action of the clutch with the change of working rotating speed is realized, and the application is particularly suitable for use in special operation equipment such as environmental survey and fire rescue.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of clutches, in particular to a high-speed self-release switching clutch. BACKGROUND

[0002] Clutches are widely used in various mechanical transmission systems. Tooth-type controllable clutches have large torque transmission, high power density, compact structure and good dynamic stability, and are widely used in high-speed, high-power and high-dynamic-stability applications. Tooth-type clutches have many application scenarios, and the main working mode is to realize the engagement and disengagement of the clutch through the axial relative relationship of the sleeve teeth. When the axial positions of the driving sleeve teeth coincide, the clutch is engaged; when the axial positions of the driving sleeve teeth are offset, the clutch is disengaged. Due to the driving principle, the disengagement action of the existing tooth-type clutch generally requires hydraulic, pneumatic or electromagnetic driving, which increases the complexity of the clutch auxiliary system and limits its application in special equipment fields such as water-air cross-media environment observation and fire rescue. These special equipment are not frequently used, and the clutch only needs to complete a disengagement action in a single task profile under special conditions. Directly using the traditional clutch system is too complex and will reduce the effective load of the equipment during task execution.

[0003] Therefore, the existing clutch has the problem of being unable to stably disengage under high-speed working conditions without an external driving source. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application is to solve the problem that the existing clutch cannot stably disengage under high-speed working conditions without an external driving source, and proposes a high-speed self-release switching clutch.

[0005] The high-speed self-release switching clutch of the present application comprises a transmission shaft 10, a control assembly 20, a sliding assembly 30 and an output assembly 40.

[0006] The control assembly 20 and the sliding assembly 30 are sequentially arranged on the transmission shaft 10 from left to right, and are fixedly connected by at least two bolts. The inner end of the sliding assembly 30 is processed with an inner meshing tooth 301 in the circumferential direction. The inner meshing tooth 301 of one end of the sliding assembly 30 is meshingly connected with an outer meshing tooth 401 at one end of the output assembly 40. The sliding assembly 30 is slidingly connected with the transmission shaft 10 through a guide key 310.

[0007] The control component 20 has an annular pre-filled oil cavity 203 machined circumferentially at its center. An oil injection hole 201 is machined circumferentially on the end face of the control component 20, communicating with the interior of the annular pre-filled oil cavity 203. A plug 210 is provided inside the oil injection hole 201. At least one blind hole is machined circumferentially at the edge of the end face of the control component 20, with a push rod 230 inside and a push rod spring 220 fitted on the push rod 230. At least one set of blind holes is machined circumferentially on the outer surface of the control component 20. One of the blind holes on the outer circumferential surface of the control component 20 communicates with the blind hole at the edge of the end face of the control component 20. Inside the blind hole is a piston rod 240, and a spring 250 is fitted on the piston rod 240. Inside the other blind hole on the outer circumference of the control component 20 is a piston rod 270, and a spring 260 is fitted on the piston rod 270. The inner walls of the two blind holes on the outer circumference of the control component 20 are threaded, and a limiting plug 290 is provided at the top of the inner wall of each blind hole on the outer circumference of the control component 20. The top of the inner wall of the annular pre-injection oil cavity 203 of the control component 20 is machined with a working oil hole 202 along the axis, and the annular pre-injection oil cavity 203 is connected to the interior of the two blind holes on the outer circumference of the control component 20 through the working oil hole 202.

[0008] Furthermore, a boss is machined at the center of the other end face of the control component 20;

[0009] Furthermore, the end face of the boss on the control component 20 contacts the end face of the sliding component 30, and an annular platform is machined along the circumferential edge of the end face of the sliding component 30. The inner surface of the annular platform and the outer surface of the boss on the control component 20 form a working oil cavity 204.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive shaft 10, the control component 20, the sliding component 30, and the output component 40 are coaxially arranged;

[0011] Furthermore, the drive shaft 10 is provided with a keyway;

[0012] Furthermore, the guide key 310 on the sliding assembly 30 is slidably connected to the keyway of the transmission shaft 10;

[0013] Further, in use, the working oil cavity 204 is initially empty of working oil, the slip assembly 30 is provided with an oil injection hole 201 and a plug 210, and the plug 210 is removed in the static state to fill the annular pre-oil injection cavity 203 with working oil through the oil injection hole 201; the ejector rod spring 220 is in a pre-compressed state to provide a proper axial force for the ejector rod 230, the working surface of the ejector rod 230 abuts against the outer surface of the first piston rod 240, the first piston rod 240 and the first spring 250 are installed in a radial hole perpendicular to the clutch axis, the first spring 250 is in a pre-compressed state to provide a force for the first piston rod 240 to block the working oil hole 202, the axial force provided by the ejector rod spring 220 for the ejector rod 230 should not be too large to avoid affecting the flexibility of the movement of the first piston rod 240 along the radial hole, the second spring 260 and the second piston rod 270 are installed in a radial hole perpendicular to the clutch axis, the second spring 260 is in a pre-compressed state to provide a force for the second piston rod 270 to make the second piston rod 270 unable to block the working oil hole 202, at this time the working oil hole 202 is not in communication with the working oil cavity 204; the slip assembly 30 is provided with internal meshing teeth 301, and the output assembly 40 is provided with external meshing teeth 401, in the initial state, the internal meshing teeth 301 and the external meshing teeth 401 are in meshing state;

[0014] When the clutch speed exceeds Ws1, the centrifugal force acting on the second piston rod 270 is greater than the pre-compression force provided by the second spring 260, the second piston rod 270 moves along the radial hole on the control assembly 20 to make the second piston rod 270 contact the limiting plug 290, the second piston rod 270 is a stepped cylindrical surface, and after the second piston rod 270 moves to this position, the second piston rod 270 can block the working oil hole 202, at this time the first spring 250 is still in a compressed state, the centrifugal force acting on the first piston rod 240 is insufficient to overcome the force of the first spring 250, and the first piston rod 240 is still in a state of blocking the working oil hole 202;

[0015] When the clutch speed exceeds Ws2, the centrifugal force on the second piston rod 270 is still greater than the pre-pressure provided by the second spring 260, and the second piston rod 270 can still block the working oil hole 202; at this time, the centrifugal force on the first piston rod 240 is greater than the pre-pressure provided by the first spring 250, and the first piston rod 240 moves along the radial hole on the control assembly 20, so that the first piston rod 240 contacts the other limiting plug 290, the first piston rod 240 unblocks the working oil hole 202, the first piston rod 240 is a stepped cylindrical surface, and after the first piston rod 240 moves to this position, the top rod 230 moves axially along the axial hole under the action of the top rod spring 220, and the head of the top rod 230 is inserted into the annular surface of the first piston rod 240; under the limiting action of the head of the top rod 230, the position of the first piston rod 240 is kept in the unblocking state of the working oil hole 202;

[0016] When the clutch speed decreases to Wj1, the centrifugal force on the second piston rod 270 is less than the pre-pressure provided by the second spring 260, and the second piston rod 270 moves along the radial hole on the control assembly 20 and returns to the initial installation position; the second piston rod 270 is a stepped cylindrical surface, and after the second piston rod 270 moves to this position, the second piston rod 270 can unblock the working oil hole 202; at this time, the position of the first piston rod 240 is kept in the unblocking state of the working oil hole 202, the annular pre-priming oil chamber 203 and the working oil chamber 204 are kept in communication through the working oil hole 202, and the pre-priming working oil in the annular pre-priming oil chamber 203 flows into the working oil chamber 204 through the working oil hole 202; since it is still in a high-speed running state at this time, the working oil flowing into the working oil chamber 204 generates an axial force on the slip assembly 30 under the action of centrifugal force; as the working oil flowing into the working oil chamber 204 increases, the axial force on the slip assembly 30 becomes larger and larger, until the inner meshing teeth 301 on the slip assembly 30 are completely axially dislocated from the outer meshing teeth 401 on the output assembly 40, and at this time, the clutch is completely disengaged.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present application overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, and the clutch of the structure does not need an external oil source, gas source or other driving source, but realizes automatic disengagement of the clutch under specific speed conditions in specific application occasions through pre-priming working oil in the clutch and multiple piston rods arranged on the control assembly and using centrifugal force, so that the structure of the clutch is more compact, an additional control unit is not needed, the clutch realizes self-adaptive disengagement action with working speed change, and is particularly suitable for use in special operation equipment such as environmental survey and fire rescue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1It is a cross-sectional view of a high-speed self-release switching clutch in an initial engagement state according to the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged schematic view of an oil storage structure in an engagement position below Ws1 rotational speed according to the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged schematic view of an oil storage structure in a Ws1-Ws2 rotational speed interval according to the present application.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged schematic view of an oil storage structure in a Ws2-Ws3 rotational speed interval according to the present application.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a partial enlarged schematic view of an oil storage structure in a Wj1 rotational speed point starting release action according to the present application.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a partial enlarged schematic view of an oil storage structure in a Wj1 rotational speed point completing release action according to the present application.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of a high-speed self-release switching clutch in a release position state according to the present application.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a working condition curve of a high-speed self-release switching clutch according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Specific implementation one: combination Figures 1 to 7 In this embodiment, a high-speed self-release switching clutch according to this embodiment comprises a transmission shaft 10, a control assembly 20, a sliding assembly 30, and an output assembly 40.

[0028] The control assembly 20 and the sliding assembly 30 are sequentially arranged on the transmission shaft 10 from left to right, and are fixedly connected by at least two bolts. An inner meshing tooth 301 is formed on an inner end of the sliding assembly 30 in a circumferential direction. The inner meshing tooth 301 of the sliding assembly 30 is meshingly connected with an outer meshing tooth 401 on an end of the output assembly 40. The sliding assembly 30 is slidingly connected with the transmission shaft 10 through a guide key 310.

[0029] The inner central part of the regulating assembly 20 is circumferentially processed with an annular pre-oil injection cavity 203, an oil injection hole 201 is circumferentially processed on the end face of the regulating assembly 20, and the oil injection hole 201 is in communication with the inside of the annular pre-oil injection cavity 203, and the inside of the oil injection hole 201 is provided with a plug 210, at least one blind hole is circumferentially processed at the edge of the end face of the regulating assembly 20, the inside of the blind hole is provided with a ejector rod 230, and the ejector rod 230 is sleeved with an ejector rod spring 220, at least one group of blind holes is circumferentially processed on the outer surface of the regulating assembly 20, one of the blind holes on the circumferential outer surface of the regulating assembly 20 is in communication with the blind hole at the edge of the end face of the regulating assembly 20, the inside of one of the blind holes on the circumferential outer surface of the regulating assembly 20 is provided with a first piston rod 240, the first piston rod 240 is sleeved with a first spring 250, the inside of the other blind hole on the circumferential outer surface of the regulating assembly 20 is provided with a second piston rod 270, the second piston rod 270 is sleeved with a second spring 260, the inner walls of the two blind holes on the circumferential outer surface of the regulating assembly 20 are both processed with threads, and the inside of the top end of each blind hole on the circumferential outer surface of the regulating assembly 20 is provided with a limiting screw plug 290, the top end of the inner wall of the annular pre-oil injection cavity 203 of the regulating assembly 20 is processed with a working oil hole 202 along the axis, and the annular pre-oil injection cavity 203 is in communication with the inside of the two blind holes on the circumferential outer surface of the regulating assembly 20 through the working oil hole 202;

[0030] In the specific embodiment, when the clutch speed exceeds Ws1, the centrifugal force received by the second piston rod 270 is greater than the pre-pressure provided by the second spring 260, the second piston rod 270 moves along the radial hole on the regulating assembly 20, so that the second piston rod 270 comes into contact with the limiting screw plug 290, the second piston rod 270 is a stepped cylindrical surface, after the second piston rod 270 moves to this position, the working oil hole 202 can be blocked, at this time, the first spring 250 is still in a compressed state, the centrifugal force received by the first piston rod 240 is insufficient to overcome the force of the first spring 250, and the first piston rod 240 is still in a state of blocking the working oil hole 202;

[0031] When the clutch speed exceeds Ws2, the centrifugal force on the second piston rod 270 is still greater than the pre-pressure provided by the second spring 260, and the second piston rod 270 can still block the working oil hole 202; at this time, the centrifugal force on the first piston rod 240 is greater than the pre-pressure provided by the first spring 250, and the first piston rod 240 moves along the radial hole on the control assembly 20, so that the first piston rod 240 contacts the other limiting plug 290, the first piston rod 240 unblocks the working oil hole 202, the first piston rod 240 is a stepped cylindrical surface, and after the first piston rod 240 moves to this position, the top rod 230 moves axially along the axial hole under the action of the top rod spring 220, the head of the top rod 230 is inserted into the annular surface of the first piston rod 240, and under the limiting action of the head of the top rod 230, the position of the first piston rod 240 remains in the unblocking state of the working oil hole 202;

[0032] When the clutch speed drops to Wj1, the centrifugal force on the second piston rod 270 is less than the pre-pressure provided by the second spring 260, and the second piston rod 270 moves along the radial hole on the control assembly 20 to return to the initial installation position, the second piston rod 270 is a stepped cylindrical surface, and after the second piston rod 270 moves to this position, it can unblock the working oil hole 202, at this time, the position of the first piston rod 240 remains in the unblocking state of the working oil hole 202, the annular pre-priming oil chamber 203 and the working oil chamber 204 are in communication through the working oil hole 202, and the pre-priming working oil in the annular pre-priming oil chamber 203 flows into the working oil chamber 204 through the working oil hole 202. Since it is still in a high-speed running state at this time, the working oil flowing into the working oil chamber 204 generates an axial force on the slip assembly 30 under the action of centrifugal force, and as the amount of working oil flowing into the working oil chamber 204 increases, the axial force on the slip assembly 30 becomes larger and larger, until the inner meshing teeth 301 on the slip assembly 30 are completely axially misaligned with the outer meshing teeth 401 on the output assembly 40, at which time the disengagement of the clutch is completed.

[0033] Specific implementation method two: in combination Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment is a further limitation of the clutch described in the first embodiment. The other end face of the control assembly 20 is provided with a boss.

[0034] Specific implementation method three: in combination Figures 1 to 7The embodiment is a further limitation of the clutch described in the second embodiment. The high-speed self-disengaging clutch described in the embodiment has a convex end surface of the control assembly 20 in contact with an end surface of the sliding assembly 30, and the end surface of the sliding assembly 30 has a ring-shaped platform machined along the circumferential edge, and the inner surface of the ring-shaped platform forms a working oil cavity 204 with the outer surface of the convex platform of the control assembly 20.

[0035] The fourth embodiment is a combination of the first embodiment and the second embodiment. Figures 1 to 7 The embodiment is a further limitation of the clutch described in the first embodiment. The high-speed self-disengaging clutch described in the embodiment has the transmission shaft 10, the control assembly 20, the sliding assembly 30, and the output assembly 40 coaxially arranged.

[0036] The fifth embodiment is a combination of the first embodiment and the second embodiment. Figures 1 to 7 The embodiment is a further limitation of the clutch described in the first embodiment. The high-speed self-disengaging clutch described in the embodiment has a key groove provided on the transmission shaft 10.

[0037] The sixth embodiment is a combination of the fifth embodiment and the second embodiment. Figures 1 to 7 The embodiment is a further limitation of the clutch described in the fifth embodiment. The high-speed self-disengaging clutch described in the embodiment has a guide key 310 on the sliding assembly 30 in sliding connection with the key groove of the transmission shaft 10.

[0038] Working principle

[0039] In use, the working oil cavity 204 is initially empty of working oil, the slip assembly 30 is provided with an oil injection hole 201 and a plug 210, and the plug 210 is removed in the static state to fill the annular pre-injection cavity 203 with working oil through the oil injection hole 201; the initial state of the ejector spring 220 is in a pre-compressed state to provide the ejector rod 230 with a proper axial force, the working surface of the ejector rod 230 abuts against the outer surface of the first piston rod 240, the first piston rod 240 and the first spring 250 are installed in a radial hole perpendicular to the clutch axis, the first spring 250 is in a pre-compressed state to provide the first piston rod 240 with a force to block the working oil hole 202, the axial force provided by the ejector spring 220 for the ejector rod 230 should not be too large to avoid affecting the flexibility of the movement of the first piston rod 240 along the radial hole, the second spring 260 and the second piston rod 270 are installed in a radial hole perpendicular to the clutch axis, the second spring 260 is in a pre-compressed state to provide the second piston rod 270 with a force to prevent the second piston rod 270 from blocking the working oil hole 202, at this time the working oil hole 202 and the working oil cavity 204 are not in communication; the slip assembly 30 is provided with internal meshing teeth 301, and the output assembly 40 is provided with external meshing teeth 401, in the initial state, the internal meshing teeth 301 and the external meshing teeth 401 are in meshing state;

[0040] When the clutch speed exceeds Ws1, the centrifugal force acting on the second piston rod 270 is greater than the pre-compression force provided by the second spring 260, the second piston rod 270 moves along the radial hole on the control assembly 20 to make the second piston rod 270 contact the limiting plug 290, the second piston rod 270 is a stepped cylindrical surface, and after the second piston rod 270 moves to this position, it can block the working oil hole 202, at this time the first spring 250 is still in a compressed state, and the centrifugal force acting on the first piston rod 240 is insufficient to overcome the force of the first spring 250, so the first piston rod 240 is still in a state of blocking the working oil hole 202;

[0041] When the clutch speed exceeds Ws2, the centrifugal force on the second piston rod 270 is still greater than the pre-pressure provided by the second spring 260, and the second piston rod 270 can still block the working oil hole 202; at this time, the centrifugal force on the first piston rod 240 is greater than the pre-pressure provided by the first spring 250, and the first piston rod 240 moves along the radial hole on the control assembly 20, so that the first piston rod 240 contacts the other limiting plug 290, the first piston rod 240 unblocks the working oil hole 202, the first piston rod 240 is a stepped cylindrical surface, and after the first piston rod 240 moves to this position, the top rod 230 moves axially along the axial hole under the action of the top rod spring 220, the head of the top rod 230 is inserted into the annular surface of the first piston rod 240, and under the limiting action of the head of the top rod 230, the position of the first piston rod 240 remains in the unblocking state of the working oil hole 202;

[0042] When the clutch speed drops to Wj1, the centrifugal force on the second piston rod 270 is less than the pre-pressure provided by the second spring 260, and the second piston rod 270 moves along the radial hole on the control assembly 20 to return to the initial installation position, the second piston rod 270 is a stepped cylindrical surface, and after the second piston rod 270 moves to this position, it can unblock the working oil hole 202, at this time, the position of the first piston rod 240 remains in the unblocking state of the working oil hole 202, the annular pre-priming oil chamber 203 and the working oil chamber 204 are in communication through the working oil hole 202, and the pre-priming working oil in the annular pre-priming oil chamber 203 flows into the working oil chamber 204 through the working oil hole 202. Since it is still in a high-speed running state at this time, the working oil flowing into the working oil chamber 204 generates an axial force on the slip assembly 30 under the action of centrifugal force, and as the working oil flowing into the working oil chamber 204 increases, the axial force on the slip assembly 30 becomes larger and larger, until the inner meshing teeth 301 on the slip assembly 30 and the outer meshing teeth 401 on the output assembly 40 are completely axially dislocated, at which time the disengagement of the clutch is completed.

Claims

1. A high speed self-release on-off clutch characterized by: It includes transmission shaft (10), control assembly (20), slip assembly (30) and output assembly (40); Transmission shaft (10) is sequentially provided with control assembly (20) and slip assembly (30) from left to right, and control assembly (20) and slip assembly (30) are fixedly connected through at least two bolts, the inner end of slip assembly (30) is processed with internal meshing teeth (301) in the circumferential direction, the internal meshing teeth (301) of one end of slip assembly (30) is meshingly connected with the external meshing teeth (401) of one end of output assembly (40), and slip assembly (30) is slidably connected with transmission shaft (10) through guide key (310). The inner central part of the control assembly (20) is processed with an annular pre-oil injection cavity (203) in the circumferential direction, an oil injection hole (201) is processed on the end face of the control assembly (20) in the circumferential direction, the oil injection hole (201) is in communication with the inner part of the annular pre-oil injection cavity (203), a plug (210) is arranged in the inner part of the oil injection hole (201), at least one blind hole is processed on the edge of the end face of the control assembly (20) in the circumferential direction, a jacking rod (230) is arranged in the inner part of the blind hole, a jacking rod spring (220) is sleeved on the jacking rod (230), at least one group of blind holes is processed on the outer surface of the control assembly (20) in the circumferential direction, one of the blind holes on the circumferential outer surface of the control assembly (20) is in communication with the blind hole on the edge of the end face of the control assembly (20), a first piston rod (240) is arranged in the inner part of one of the blind holes on the circumferential outer surface of the control assembly (20), a first spring (250) is sleeved on the first piston rod (240), a second piston rod (270) is arranged in the inner part of the other blind hole on the circumferential outer surface of the control assembly (20), a second spring (260) is sleeved on the second piston rod (270), threads are processed on the inner walls of the two blind holes on the circumferential outer surface of the control assembly (20), a limiting screw plug (290) is arranged at the inner top end of each blind hole on the circumferential outer surface of the control assembly (20), and a working oil hole (202) is processed on the inner wall of the top end of the annular pre-oil injection cavity (203) along the axis, and the annular pre-oil injection cavity (203) is in communication with the inner parts of the two blind holes on the circumferential outer surface of the control assembly (20) through the working oil hole (202).

2. A high speed self-release shifting clutch according to claim 1, wherein: The other end face of the control assembly (20) is processed with a boss.

3. A high speed self-inhibiting clutch according to claim 2, wherein: The end face of the control assembly (20) is in contact with the end face of the slip assembly (30), and a ring boss is processed on the circumferential edge of the end face of the slip assembly (30), the inner surface of the ring boss forms a working oil cavity (204) with the outer surface of the boss on the control assembly (20).

4. A high speed self-inhibiting clutch according to claim 1, wherein: The transmission shaft (10), the control assembly (20), the slip assembly (30) and the output assembly (40) are coaxially arranged.

5. A high speed self-inching clutch as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The transmission shaft (10) is provided with a key groove.

6. A high speed self-inhibiting clutch according to claim 5, wherein: The guide key (310) on the slip assembly (30) is slidably connected with the key groove of the transmission shaft (10).

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