Brake disc containing surrounding fiber layer and preparation method of brake disc

Abstract

The invention provides a brake disc containing surrounding fiber layers, the brake disc comprises N surrounding fiber layers and M unidirectional fiber layers, both N and M are positive integers greater than 1, the surrounding fiber layers half comprise carbon fibers spirally distributed around the axis, the spiral distribution direction of the carbon fibers and the disc surface of the brake disc form a preset included angle, and the spiral distribution direction of the carbon fibers and the disc surface of the brake disc form a preset included angle. The range of the included angle is 5-45 degrees, the one-way fiber layer comprises second carbon fibers distributed in a one-way mode, and the distribution direction of the second carbon fibers is parallel to the axis direction of the brake disc. The continuous long fibers are adopted for winding, and the vertical unidirectional fiber cloth is added into the continuous long fibers, so that the fibers are prevented from being damaged in the needling process, and the strength of the brake disc is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of brake disc manufacturing, and in particular to a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Brake discs are an important component installed on vehicles such as cars and motorcycles. Brake discs mainly play the role of deceleration or emergency stop during the operation of the car. They are related to human life safety in emergencies, so they are particularly important. Brake discs are divided into two common types: metal brake discs and carbon ceramic brake discs. Carbon ceramic brake discs are made of carbon fiber and ceramic materials. They are lighter, have higher braking performance and wear resistance, and are suitable for high-performance vehicles. Carbon / carbon composite materials are all-carbon composite materials with carbon fiber fabric as reinforcement material and carbon as matrix. They have the characteristics of low density, high temperature resistance, friction resistance, wear resistance, high specific strength, excellent thermal shock resistance and large braking absorption energy, making carbon / carbon composite materials a good friction material and widely used in the preparation of carbon fiber brake disc preforms. At present, brake discs generally use carbon fiber unidirectional cloth and carbon fiber mesh tire laminated needle punching to prepare the matrix layer. In the process of laminated needle punching, it is inevitable that the long fibers will be damaged, resulting in a decrease in the strength of the material. In addition, the needle punching process is complicated and has high performance requirements for the process.

[0003] In this regard, a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer is proposed. The base layer of the brake disc is prepared by winding, and the long fibers are not needle-punched, so the strength of the fibers is well retained, which can improve the overall strength of the brake disc. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, which is wound with continuous long fibers and then added with vertical unidirectional fiber cloth, so as to avoid the fibers being damaged during the needling process and improve the strength of the brake disc.

[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention provides a brake disc including a surrounding fiber layer, the brake disc including N surrounding fiber layers and M unidirectional fiber layers, N and M are both positive integers greater than 1. The surrounding fiber layer includes carbon fibers that are spirally distributed around the axis, the spiral distribution direction of the carbon fibers and the disc surface of the brake disc form a predetermined angle, the angle range is 5-45°, the unidirectional fiber layer includes second carbon fibers that are unidirectionally distributed, and the distribution direction of the second carbon fibers is parallel to the axis direction of the brake disc.

[0006] Preferably, n surrounding fiber layers are distributed between two adjacent unidirectional fiber layers, where n is a natural number between 1-5.

[0007] Preferably, the spiral distribution directions of the carbon fibers in two adjacent surrounding fiber layers are parallel to each other.

[0008] Preferably, the spiral distribution directions of the carbon fibers of two adjacent surrounding fiber layers form a second angle, and the second angle is 0-90°.

[0009] Preferably, the surrounding fiber layer has a thickness of 0.2-2 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the unidirectional fiber layer has a thickness of 0.2-1 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the brake disc has a silicon carbide content of 30-50 vol%, a silicon content of 3-13 vol% and a carbon content of 40-65 vol%.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, which is used to prepare the above-mentioned brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer. The preparation method is as follows:

[0013] S1: soaking a unidirectional carbon fiber bundle with a carbon fiber k value of 3-13k, taking a number of the treated unidirectional carbon fiber bundles and winding them on a cylindrical mandrel at a predetermined angle to obtain a surrounding fiber layer;

[0014] S2: performing step S1 A times to obtain A layers of surrounding fiber layers, where A is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and then laying a unidirectional carbon fiber cloth of a predetermined thickness on the periphery of the surrounding fiber layer, wherein the fiber direction of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is parallel to the axial direction of the core mold, and applying liquid furan resin on the laid unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, and appropriately squeezing the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and the surrounding fiber layer to closely overlap to obtain a unidirectional fiber layer;

[0015] S3: repeating step S1 and step S2 until a brake disc preform of a predetermined diameter is obtained, wherein the brake disc preform comprises N layers of surrounding fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers;

[0016] S4: curing the brake disc preform, removing the core mold after curing and cutting the preform according to the required thickness to obtain a brake disc preform, wherein the curing temperature is 150-200° C. and the curing time is 6-12 hours;

[0017] S5: carbonizing the brake disc blank to obtain a carbonized blank, wherein the carbonization temperature is 900° C. and the holding time is 4-8 hours;

[0018] S6: placing the carbide blank into a boron nitride crucible, placing the boron nitride containing the carbide blank into a high-temperature vacuum furnace for siliconization treatment to obtain a silicide; the boron nitride crucible is pre-placed with pure silicon powder 1.1 times the mass of the carbide blank; the siliconization treatment temperature is 1600-1700°C, the holding time is 2-4h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000Pa;

[0019] S7: performing surface grinding and outer contour dimension processing on the silicide body to obtain the brake disc containing the surrounding fiber layer.

[0020] Preferably, the soaking solution in step S1 is liquid furan resin; the mass of the liquid furan resin is 60-150% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle; the diameter of the mandrel is 180-240 mm, and the height is 400-1000 mm.

[0021] Preferably, the mass of the liquid furan resin in step S2 is 60-120% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth.

[0022] The residual carbon content of the liquid furan resin used in step S1 and step S2 is 55-65%.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide brake disc provided by the present invention adopts continuous long fibers for winding and then adds vertical unidirectional fiber cloth therein, thereby avoiding the damage of the fibers during the needling process and greatly improving the strength of the brake disc. Because the long fibers are not needling, the strength of the fibers is well retained, and the fibers are spirally distributed around the axis, which ensures the radial strength of the brake disc; there are also unidirectional fibers perpendicular to the disc surface between adjacent spiral fiber layers, which ensures the strength of the material in the thickness direction. In addition, the present invention also proposes a method for preparing a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, which has a simple preparation process, a simple and easy operation method, and does not require vapor deposition treatment, which greatly improves production efficiency and saves energy, and the fiber winding process is simple, the output is high, and the production cost is significantly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surrounding fiber layer and the unidirectional fiber layer of the brake disc of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the sampling direction of the test spline.

[0026] In the figure: 1-surrounding fiber layer, 2-unidirectional fiber layer, 3-radial strength spline, 4-circumferential strength spline, 5-axial strength spline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, wherein the brake disc comprises N layers of surrounding fiber layers 1 and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers 2, wherein both N and M are positive integers greater than 1. It should be noted that: Figure 1 It is only to illustrate the orientation of the carbon fiber of the brake disc, one of the composition modes of the surrounding fiber layer and the unidirectional fiber layer, and does not limit the brake disc to have only three layers. The surrounding fiber layer contains carbon fibers that are spirally distributed around the axis, and the spiral distribution direction of the carbon fibers forms a predetermined angle with the disc surface of the brake disc, and the angle range is 5-45°. The unidirectional fiber layer contains second carbon fibers that are unidirectionally distributed, and the distribution direction of the second carbon fibers is parallel to the axis direction of the brake disc.

[0029] Among them, n layers of surrounding fiber layers 1 are distributed between two adjacent layers of unidirectional fiber layers 2, and n is a natural number between 1 and 5. For example, one layer of surrounding fiber layers is distributed between two adjacent layers of unidirectional fiber layers; or two layers of surrounding fiber layers are distributed between two adjacent layers of unidirectional fiber layers; three layers of surrounding fiber layers are distributed between two adjacent layers of unidirectional fiber layers; four layers of surrounding fiber layers are distributed between two adjacent layers of unidirectional fiber layers; and five layers of surrounding fiber layers are distributed between two adjacent layers of unidirectional fiber layers.

[0030] The spiral distribution directions of the carbon fibers of two adjacent surrounding fiber layers are parallel to each other.

[0031] The spiral distribution directions of the carbon fibers of two adjacent surrounding fiber layers form a second angle, and the second angle is 0-90°.

[0032] The thickness of the surrounding fiber layer is 0.2-2 mm.

[0033] The thickness of the unidirectional fiber layer is 0.2-1 mm.

[0034] The brake disc has a silicon carbide content of 30-50 vol%, a silicon content of 3-13 vol% and a carbon content of 40-65 vol%.

[0035] The k value of the carbon fiber in the surrounding fiber layer and the k value of the second carbon fiber in the unidirectional fiber layer may be the same or different, and the k value of the carbon fiber and the second carbon fiber ranges from 3k to 13k.

[0036] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0037] S1: soaking a unidirectional carbon fiber bundle with a carbon fiber k value of 3-13k, taking a number of the treated unidirectional carbon fiber bundles and winding them on a cylindrical mandrel at a predetermined angle to obtain a surrounding fiber layer;

[0038] S2: performing step S1 A times to obtain A layers of surrounding fiber layers, where A is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and then laying a unidirectional carbon fiber cloth of a predetermined thickness on the periphery of the surrounding fiber layer, wherein the fiber direction of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is parallel to the axial direction of the core mold, and applying liquid furan resin on the laid unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, and appropriately squeezing the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and the surrounding fiber layer to closely overlap to obtain a unidirectional fiber layer;

[0039] S3: repeating step S1 and step S2 until a brake disc preform of a predetermined diameter is obtained, wherein the brake disc preform comprises N layers of surrounding fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers;

[0040] S4: curing the brake disc preform, removing the core mold after curing and cutting the preform according to the required thickness to obtain a brake disc preform, wherein the curing temperature is 150-200° C. and the curing time is 6-12 hours;

[0041] S5: carbonizing the brake disc blank to obtain a carbonized blank, wherein the carbonization temperature is 900° C. and the holding time is 4-8 hours;

[0042] S6: placing the carbide blank into a boron nitride crucible, placing the boron nitride containing the carbide blank into a high-temperature vacuum furnace for siliconization treatment to obtain a silicide; the boron nitride crucible is pre-placed with pure silicon powder 1.1 times the mass of the carbide blank; the siliconization treatment temperature is 1600-1700°C, the holding time is 2-4h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000Pa;

[0043] S7: performing surface grinding and outer contour dimension processing on the silicide body to obtain the brake disc containing the surrounding fiber layer.

[0044] Wherein: the soaking solution in step S1 is liquid furan resin; the mass of the liquid furan resin is 60-150% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle; the diameter of the core mold is 180-240 mm, and the height is 400-1000 mm.

[0045] In step S2, the mass of the liquid furan resin is 60-120% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] This embodiment provides a brake disc including a surrounding fiber layer, and the preparation steps are as follows:

[0048] S1: soaking a unidirectional carbon fiber bundle with a carbon fiber k value of 12k, wherein the soaking solution is a liquid furan resin, and the liquid furan resin is 90% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle. Take a number of the treated unidirectional carbon fiber bundles and wind them on a cylindrical mandrel at 45° to the brake disc surface, and wind from one end of the mandrel to the other end to obtain a surrounding fiber layer; the mandrel is made of Teflon, with a diameter of 200 mm and a length of 500 mm;

[0049] S2: Then, a unidirectional carbon fiber cloth of a predetermined thickness is laid on the periphery of the surrounding fiber layer, wherein the fiber direction of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is parallel to the axial direction of the core mold, and liquid furan resin is applied on the laid unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, and appropriately squeezed to make the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and the surrounding fiber layer overlap tightly to obtain a unidirectional fiber layer;

[0050] S3: Repeat steps S1 and S2 until a brake disc preform with a diameter of 390 mm is obtained, wherein the brake disc preform comprises N layers of surrounding fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers, wherein the surrounding fiber layers and the unidirectional fiber layers are alternately arranged in sequence, wherein the carbon fibers in the surrounding fiber layer on one side of each unidirectional fiber layer and the carbon fibers in the surrounding fiber layer on the other side of the unidirectional fiber layer are arranged at an angle of 90°;

[0051] S4: curing the brake disc preform, removing the core mold after curing and cutting into a brake disc preform with a thickness of 35 mm, wherein the curing temperature is 150° C. and the curing time is 6 hours;

[0052] S5: carbonizing the brake disc blank to obtain a carbonized blank, the carbonization temperature is 900° C., and the holding time is 6 hours;

[0053] S6: placing the carbide blank into a boron nitride crucible, placing the boron nitride containing the carbide blank into a high-temperature vacuum furnace for siliconization treatment to obtain a silicide; the boron nitride crucible is pre-placed with pure silicon powder 1.1 times the mass of the carbide blank; the siliconization treatment temperature is 1650°C, the holding time is 2h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000Pa;

[0054] S7: performing surface grinding and outer contour dimension processing on the silicide body to obtain the brake disc containing the surrounding fiber layer.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] This embodiment provides a brake disc including a surrounding fiber layer, and the preparation steps are as follows:

[0057] S1: soaking a unidirectional carbon fiber bundle with a carbon fiber k value of 12k, wherein the soaking solution is a liquid furan resin, and the liquid furan resin is 90% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle. Take a number of the treated unidirectional carbon fiber bundles and wind them on a cylindrical mandrel at 30° with the brake disc surface, and wind from one end of the mandrel to the other end to obtain a surrounding fiber layer; the mandrel is made of Teflon, with a diameter of 200 mm and a length of 500 mm;

[0058] S2: Then, a unidirectional carbon fiber cloth of a predetermined thickness is laid on the periphery of the surrounding fiber layer, wherein the fiber direction of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is parallel to the axial direction of the core mold, and liquid furan resin is applied on the laid unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, and appropriately squeezed to make the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and the surrounding fiber layer overlap tightly to obtain a unidirectional fiber layer;

[0059] S3: Repeat steps S1 and S2 until a brake disc preform with a diameter of 390 mm is obtained, wherein the brake disc preform comprises N layers of surrounding fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers, wherein the surrounding fiber layers and the unidirectional fiber layers are alternately arranged in sequence, wherein the carbon fibers in the surrounding fiber layer on one side of each unidirectional fiber layer and the carbon fibers in the surrounding fiber layer on the other side of the unidirectional fiber layer are arranged at an angle of 60°;

[0060] S4: curing the brake disc preform, removing the core mold after curing and cutting into a brake disc preform with a thickness of 35 mm, wherein the curing temperature is 150° C. and the curing time is 6 hours;

[0061] S5: carbonizing the brake disc blank to obtain a carbonized blank, the carbonization temperature is 900° C., and the holding time is 6 hours;

[0062] S6: placing the carbide blank into a boron nitride crucible, placing the boron nitride containing the carbide blank into a high-temperature vacuum furnace for siliconization treatment to obtain a silicide; the boron nitride crucible is pre-placed with pure silicon powder 1.1 times the mass of the carbide blank; the siliconization treatment temperature is 1650°C, the holding time is 2h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000Pa;

[0063] S7: performing surface grinding and outer contour dimension processing on the silicide body to obtain the brake disc containing the surrounding fiber layer.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] This embodiment provides a brake disc including a surrounding fiber layer, and the preparation steps are as follows:

[0066] S1: soaking a unidirectional carbon fiber bundle with a carbon fiber k value of 12k, wherein the soaking solution is a liquid furan resin, and the liquid furan resin accounts for 90% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle. Take a number of the treated unidirectional carbon fiber bundles and wind them on a cylindrical mandrel at 45° to the brake disc surface, and wind from one end of the mandrel to the other end to obtain a first layer of surrounding fiber layer; the mandrel is made of Teflon, with a diameter of 200 mm and a length of 500 mm; continue to wind the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle around the periphery of the first layer of surrounding fiber layer to obtain a second layer of surrounding fiber layer, and the carbon fibers of the two layers of surrounding fiber layers are arranged at 90° to each other;

[0067] S2: Then, a unidirectional carbon fiber cloth of a predetermined thickness is laid on the outer periphery of the two surrounding fiber layers, wherein the fiber direction of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is parallel to the axial direction of the core mold, and liquid furan resin is applied on the laid unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, and the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and the surrounding fiber layer are appropriately squeezed to be tightly overlapped to obtain a unidirectional fiber layer;

[0068] S3: Repeat steps S1 and S2 until a brake disc preform with a diameter of 390 mm is obtained, wherein the brake disc preform comprises N layers of surrounding fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers, and every two layers of surrounding fiber layers and one layer of unidirectional fiber layers are alternately arranged in sequence, wherein the carbon fibers in the surrounding fiber layer on one side of each unidirectional fiber layer and the carbon fibers in the surrounding fiber layer on the other side of the unidirectional fiber layer are arranged at an angle of 90°;

[0069] S4: curing the brake disc preform, removing the core mold after curing and cutting into a brake disc preform with a thickness of 35 mm, wherein the curing temperature is 150° C. and the curing time is 6 hours;

[0070] S5: carbonizing the brake disc blank to obtain a carbonized blank, the carbonization temperature is 900° C., and the holding time is 6 hours;

[0071] S6: placing the carbide blank into a boron nitride crucible, placing the boron nitride containing the carbide blank into a high-temperature vacuum furnace for siliconization treatment to obtain a silicide; the boron nitride crucible is pre-placed with pure silicon powder 1.1 times the mass of the carbide blank; the siliconization treatment temperature is 1650°C, the holding time is 2h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000Pa;

[0072] S7: performing surface grinding and outer contour dimension processing on the silicide body to obtain the brake disc containing the surrounding fiber layer.

[0073] Comparative Example 1

[0074] The present comparative example provides a carbon ceramic brake disc, wherein the brake disc embryo of the carbon ceramic brake disc is formed by stacking a carbon fiber unidirectional cloth and a mesh tire, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: the carbon fiber unidirectional cloth and the carbon fiber carbon fiber mesh tire are stacked crosswise to obtain a carbon fiber preform, and the carbon fiber preform is subjected to chemical vapor deposition, wherein the deposition gas source is methane and nitrogen, and the gas flow rate is 150 L / min and 15 L / min, and the deposition is performed until the density reaches 1.4 g / cm 3, the deposition time is 400h, and the deposition temperature is 950℃. Then, a low-temperature graphitization treatment is performed to obtain a graphitized body, the treatment temperature is 1700℃, and the heat preservation is performed for 2h; the graphitized body is mechanically processed to obtain a brake disc embryo, and the brake disc embryo is placed in a boron nitride crucible, the boron nitride crucible contains 1.1 times the mass of the brake disc embryo pure silicon powder, and then placed in a high-temperature vacuum furnace for siliconization treatment, the temperature is 1650℃, the heat preservation time is 2h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000Pa. The brake disc embryo after siliconization treatment is surface polished and the outer contour size is processed to obtain the carbon ceramic brake disc.

[0075] The brake discs prepared in the above-mentioned Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were tested. The test method is:

[0076] The bending strength is tested using GBT_65669-2006 fine ceramic bending strength test method, and the strength of splines with different orientations is tested separately. Figure 2 .

[0077] Radial strength spline 3: The test spline size is a rectangular spline of 3mm*4mm*50mm, and the long side direction of the test spline is the same as any radial direction of the brake disc;

[0078] Axial strength spline 5: The test spline size is a rectangular spline of 3mm*4mm*35mm, the test span is 30mm, and the span in the calculation formula is changed to 30mm. The long side direction of the test spline is the same as the axial direction of the brake disc.

[0079] Circumferential strength spline 4: The test spline size is a rectangular spline of 3mm*4mm*50mm, and the sampling position meets the following requirements:

[0080] The 4mm*50mm rectangular surface in the sample strip is parallel to the brake disc surface, and the perpendicular line between the center of the 4mm*50mm rectangular surface and the central axis of the brake disc is the sampling perpendicular line, and the sampling perpendicular line is perpendicular to the long side of the rectangular strip. The test data is shown in Table 1 below.

[0081] Table 1 Brake disc test data of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1

[0082] plan Radial Strength Axial strength Circumferential strength Example 1 100MPa 170MPa 150MPa Example 2 100MPa 160MPa 170MPa Example 3 100MPa 150MPa 180MPa Comparative Example 1 100MPa 80MPa 100MPa

[0083] It can be seen from the above test data that in Example 1, the axial strength of the sample after siliconization is provided by the single fiber layer and the surrounding fiber layer. Since the reinforcing fibers in the material are all continuous fibers and there is no damage to the fibers by needle puncture, its strength is significantly higher than that of the comparative example. The circumferential strength is only provided by the surrounding fiber layer, so its strength is lower than the axial strength, but still higher than that of the comparative example. The radial strength is provided by the reaction-sintered silicon carbide between the layers, and its strength is the same as that of the comparative example; in Example 2, the fiber winding angle and the disc surface angle of the brake disc are 30°, and the angle between the surrounding fiber and the axis of the brake disc increases, so the axial strength decreases, but the circumferential strength increases, and the radial strength remains unchanged; in Example 3, the number of layers of the surrounding fiber layer in the two-way cloth layer is increased, so the axial strength decreases, but the circumferential strength increases. It can be seen that the brake disc is subjected to a greater load in the circumferential direction during operation, and the radial and axial strength requirements are lower. The present invention effectively improves the circumferential strength of the brake disc, so its advantages are more obvious than the brake disc provided by the comparative example.

[0084] The above disclosures are only several preferred embodiments of the present invention, which certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention are still within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A brake disc comprising a surrounding fiber layer, characterized in that: The brake disc includes N layers of surrounding fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers, N and M are both positive integers greater than 1, the surrounding fiber layers contain carbon fibers that are spirally distributed around an axis, the spiral distribution direction of the carbon fibers forms a predetermined angle with the disc surface of the brake disc, and the angle range is 5-45°, the unidirectional fiber layer contains second carbon fibers that are unidirectionally distributed, and the distribution direction of the second carbon fibers is parallel to the axis direction of the brake disc.

2. The brake disc with a surrounding fiber layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are n layers of surrounding fiber layers distributed between two adjacent unidirectional fiber layers, where n is a natural number between 1-5.

3. The brake disc with a surrounding fiber layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral distribution directions of the carbon fibers of two adjacent surrounding fiber layers are parallel to each other.

4. The brake disc with a surrounding fiber layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral distribution directions of the carbon fibers of two adjacent surrounding fiber layers form a second angle, and the second angle is 0-90°.

5. The brake disc with a surrounding fiber layer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the surrounding fiber layer is 0.2-2 mm.

6. The brake disc with a surrounding fiber layer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the unidirectional fiber layer is 0.2-1 mm.

7. The brake disc with a surrounding fiber layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake disc has a silicon carbide content of 30-50 vol%, a silicon content of 3-13 vol% and a carbon content of 40-65 vol%.

8. A method for preparing a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer, used for preparing a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The preparation method is as follows: S1: soaking a unidirectional carbon fiber bundle with a carbon fiber k value of 3-13k, taking a number of the treated unidirectional carbon fiber bundles and winding them on a cylindrical mandrel at a predetermined angle to obtain a surrounding fiber layer; S2: performing step S1 A times to obtain A layers of surrounding fiber layers, where A is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and then laying a unidirectional carbon fiber cloth of a predetermined thickness on the periphery of the surrounding fiber layer, wherein the fiber direction of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is parallel to the axial direction of the core mold, and applying liquid furan resin on the laid unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, and appropriately squeezing the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and the surrounding fiber layer to closely overlap to obtain a unidirectional fiber layer; S3: repeating step S1 and step S2 until a brake disc preform of a predetermined diameter is obtained, wherein the brake disc preform comprises N layers of surrounding fiber layers and M layers of unidirectional fiber layers; S4: curing the brake disc preform, removing the core mold after curing and cutting the preform according to the required thickness to obtain a brake disc preform, wherein the curing temperature is 150-200° C. and the curing time is 6-12 hours; S5: carbonizing the brake disc blank to obtain a carbonized blank, wherein the carbonization temperature is 900° C. and the holding time is 4-8 hours; S6: placing the carbide blank into a boron nitride crucible, placing the boron nitride containing the carbide blank into a high-temperature vacuum furnace for siliconization treatment to obtain a silicide; the boron nitride crucible is pre-placed with pure silicon powder 1.1 times the mass of the carbide blank; the siliconization treatment temperature is 1600-1700°C, the holding time is 2-4h, and the furnace pressure is less than 1000Pa; S7: performing surface grinding and outer contour dimension processing on the silicide body to obtain the brake disc containing the surrounding fiber layer.

9. The method for preparing a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S1, the soaking solution is liquid furan resin; the mass of the liquid furan resin is 60-150% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber bundle; the diameter of the core mold is 180-240 mm, and the height is 400-1000 mm.

10. The method for preparing a brake disc containing a surrounding fiber layer according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, the mass of the liquid furan resin is 60-120% of the mass of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth.

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