Mining area slope monitoring point arrangement and inspection method

Abstract

The invention provides a mining area slope monitoring point arrangement and inspection method, which comprises the following steps: determining the number of monitoring points, checking the accuracy of the arrangement coordinates of the monitoring points, preparing working appliances required for detection, investigating the monitoring points, and determining the rationality and safety of the investigating points and the surrounding positions thereof. According to the investigation result, re-checking the coordinate points of the monitoring points, delimiting an observation area, establishing an observation network in the delimited observation area, carrying out patrol inspection on the ground surface of the mining area, checking the correctness of the positions of the arrangement points, and recording the patrol inspection result. According to the mining area slope monitoring point arrangement and inspection method, scientificity and effectiveness of the mining area slope monitoring point arrangement and inspection method can be ensured, and powerful support is provided for safe production of a mining area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mining area monitoring, and in particular to a mining area slope monitoring point arrangement and patrol method. Background Art

[0002] The safety of mining slopes has always been one of the major hidden dangers in mining production. Landslides, collapses and other disasters often cause serious casualties and property losses. In order to ensure the safety of mining production and prevent and control slope disasters in advance, the layout of mining slope monitoring points and the rationality and effectiveness of patrol methods are crucial.

[0003] In related technologies, the arrangement of monitoring points on the slopes of mining areas is usually based on factors such as geological conditions, slope morphology, and rock characteristics, and the monitoring methods include manual inspections and automated monitoring equipment. Manual inspections mainly rely on technicians to observe the surface characteristics of the slopes and use simple measuring tools to collect data, such as using a tape measure to measure the width of cracks. Traditional monitoring point arrangements may fail to fully cover the key areas of the slopes, resulting in inaccurate monitoring data and failure to detect small changes in the slopes in a timely manner. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art to at least a certain extent. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for arranging and patrolling monitoring points on the slope of a mining area. The method for arranging and patrolling monitoring points on the slope of a mining area can ensure the scientificity and effectiveness of the method for arranging and patrolling monitoring points on the slope of a mining area, and provide strong support for safe production in the mining area.

[0005] The mining area slope monitoring point arrangement and inspection method of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Determine the number of monitoring points and check the accuracy of the coordinates of the monitoring points;

[0007] S2. Prepare the working tools required for testing;

[0008] S3. Survey monitoring points to determine the rationality and safety of the survey points and their surrounding locations;

[0009] S4. Recalculate the coordinates of the monitoring points based on the survey results;

[0010] S5. Delimiting an observation area, and establishing an observation network in the defined observation area, wherein the observation network includes a plurality of observation lines, the observation lines are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the slope of the mining area, and one observation line includes a plurality of observation points, the plurality of observation points are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the observation line;

[0011] S6. Conduct inspections on the surface of the mining area to verify the correctness of the locations of the layout points;

[0012] S7. Record the inspection results.

[0013] The mine slope monitoring point arrangement and patrol method of the embodiment of the present invention can make sufficient preparations before and after determining the observation points to ensure the scientificity and effectiveness of the mine slope monitoring point arrangement and patrol method, providing strong support for safe production in the mine area.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step S1, before determining the number of monitoring points, the following steps are also included: surveying the geological conditions, slope morphology, rock characteristics and scope of production activities in the mining area.

[0015] In some embodiments, when surveying the monitoring point in step S3, drone aerial photography technology is used to assist in evaluating the rationality and safety of the monitoring point and its surrounding locations.

[0016] In some embodiments, when recalculating the coordinates of the monitoring points in step S4, computer-aided design and geographic information system technology are used to perform data analysis and coordinate correction.

[0017] In some embodiments, in step S5, the observation area is established in an area with bedrock outcropping and hard foundation.

[0018] In some embodiments, in step S5, the monitoring depth of the observation area is more than 1 times the depth of the mining area.

[0019] In some embodiments, in step S5, a total station is used to monitor the monitoring points, and the distance between two adjacent monitoring points is greater than or equal to 20 meters.

[0020] In some embodiments, the observation network established in step S5 further includes: a data transmission system, wherein the data transmission system is used to transmit the data of the monitoring points to the monitoring center in real time.

[0021] In some embodiments, the patrol inspection in step S6 also includes monitoring the working status and surrounding environment of the monitoring device to ensure the normal operation of the monitoring device.

[0022] In some embodiments, when recording the patrol inspection results in step S7, an electronic recording system is used, and the electronic recording information is electrically connected to the data transmission system to achieve rapid data entry, storage, transmission and query. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the arrangement of monitoring points and patrol method for slopes in mining areas according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the mining area slope monitoring point arrangement and inspection method of the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0026] S1. Determine the number of monitoring points and check the accuracy of the coordinates of the monitoring points. It is understandable that the number of monitoring points is first determined based on the scale, stability and monitoring needs of the mining slope. Then, the coordinates of the predetermined monitoring points are measured on the spot using a measuring instrument (such as a total station, GPS measuring instrument, etc.) to check the accuracy of the coordinates.

[0027] In some embodiments, in step S1, before determining the number of monitoring points, the following steps are also included: surveying the geological conditions, slope morphology, rock characteristics and scope of production activities in the mining area.

[0028] It is understandable that a detailed survey of the geological conditions of the mining area is carried out, including the lithology, structure, fault distribution, groundwater conditions, etc. of the strata. The morphology of the slope, such as slope, slope height, slope surface morphology, etc., as well as possible landslide patterns are analyzed. The physical and mechanical properties of the rock, such as compressive strength, shear strength, elastic modulus, etc. are studied. The scope and intensity of production activities, such as mining methods, blasting operations, transportation routes, etc., are considered.

[0029] Among them, geological survey equipment, such as drilling rigs, core samplers, geophysical exploration equipment (such as seismographs, electromagnetic instruments, etc.). Surveying equipment, such as total stations, GPS measuring instruments, laser scanners, etc. Laboratory equipment for rock mechanical property testing. Groundwater monitoring equipment, such as water level meters, permeameters, etc.

[0030] S2. Prepare the tools needed for testing. It is understandable that, according to the monitoring requirements, corresponding testing tools and equipment, such as level, theodolite, rangefinder, inclinometer, etc., are prepared, and these equipment are calibrated and checked.

[0031] S3. Survey the monitoring points and determine the rationality and safety of the survey points and their surroundings. That is, conduct a field survey of the monitoring points and their surroundings to assess their rationality and safety. If unreasonable or unsafe factors are encountered, adjust the location of the monitoring points in a timely manner. This ensures that the monitoring points are arranged in reasonable and safe locations to avoid monitoring errors or safety accidents caused by environmental factors.

[0032] In some embodiments, when surveying the monitoring point in step S3, drone aerial photography technology is used to assist in evaluating the rationality and safety of the monitoring point and its surrounding locations.

[0033] It is understandable that drone aerial photography can quickly cover a large area, which can greatly save time and human resources compared to traditional manual survey methods. It can also be used to take aerial photos in dangerous areas, reducing the working time of personnel in dangerous areas and reducing safety risks. In addition, the high-resolution camera carried by drones can provide detailed ground information, which helps to more accurately evaluate the rationality and safety of monitoring points. Aerial images can intuitively observe the monitoring point and its surrounding environment, which helps to discover potential hidden dangers and problems.

[0034] S4. Recalculate the coordinates of the monitoring points based on the survey results. Recalculate and adjust the coordinates of the monitoring points to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0035] In some embodiments, when recalculating the coordinates of the monitoring points in step S4, computer-aided design and geographic information system technology are used to perform data analysis and coordinate correction. In other words, the coordinates of the monitoring points are processed using computers, measurement software, etc. to ensure that the coordinates of the monitoring points are consistent with the actual environment and improve the accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0036] S5. Delineate an observation area and establish an observation network within the delineated observation area. The observation network includes multiple observation lines, which are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the slope of the mining area. One observation line includes multiple observation points, which are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the observation line.

[0037] It is understood that the scope of the observation area is determined based on factors such as the scale, stability, potential sliding surface and landslide pattern of the mining slope. In the observation area, multiple observation lines are arranged along the direction perpendicular to the mining slope. The layout of the observation line is a key part of covering the potential sliding area. Multiple observation points are set on each observation line, and the multiple observation points are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the observation line. Among them, the interval distance of the observation points depends on the characteristics of the slope and the accuracy requirements of monitoring.

[0038] In addition, set up obvious markers such as stakes, poles or reflectors at each observation point to facilitate accurate positioning and monitoring. Record the direction of all observation lines, the location of observation points and any relevant geographic information to facilitate monitoring and analysis.

[0039] It should be noted that in step S5, the surveying instruments used may be, for example, total stations, GPS surveying instruments, rangefinders, theodolites, etc., for accurately measuring the positions of observation points and observation lines. In other words, by establishing an observation network covering the entire observation area, data can be systematically collected to more comprehensively analyze the stability of the slope. Accurate measuring equipment can provide high-precision observation point locations to ensure the accuracy of monitoring data. In addition, the design of the observation network ensures that key areas are covered, reduces information blind spots, and improves data integrity. The observation network can be expanded or adjusted as needed to adapt to changes in the mining environment or new monitoring requirements.

[0040] Preferably, in step S5, the observation area is established in the area where bedrock is exposed and the hard foundation is present.

[0041] It is understandable that areas with exposed bedrock usually have higher stability because they are not affected by the surface soil and are not easily deformed by rain erosion or surface activities. Such areas can provide stable support for monitoring equipment and ensure the reliability of monitoring data. In addition, establishing observation areas in areas with exposed bedrock and hard foundations can reduce data errors caused by soft surface soil or vegetation cover. The stability of bedrock means that monitoring points are relatively fixed and can provide more accurate and consistent monitoring data. In addition, it is relatively easy to install monitoring equipment in hard foundation areas, and maintenance work is also relatively simple. The hard nature of bedrock provides good conditions for equipment installation and reduces the risk of equipment damage due to weak foundations.

[0042] Preferably, in step S5, the monitoring depth of the observation area is greater than 1 times the depth of the mining area. That is to say, according to the depth and geological conditions of the mining area, the appropriate monitoring depth is determined to ensure that it is greater than 1 times the depth of the mining area. Among them, the technology and equipment used for deep monitoring can be selected such as underground displacement meters, seismographs, and acoustic wave detectors.

[0043] It is understood that increasing the monitoring depth can ensure that not only the stability of the surface layer of the mine is monitored, but also potential sliding surfaces or deformation areas at depth can be monitored, and potential signs of instability can be detected earlier, thus providing more time for preventive measures to be taken.

[0044] In addition, deep monitoring can provide a more complete data set on slope stability, which helps to more accurately analyze the deformation patterns and trends of the slope. It can also help assess the impact of mining activities on the surrounding environment (such as groundwater, soil structure, etc.).

[0045] Preferably, in step S5, a total station is used to monitor the monitoring points, and the distance between two adjacent monitoring points is greater than or equal to 20 meters.

[0046] Specifically, the location of monitoring points is planned according to the scale and topography of the mining slope, ensuring that the distance between adjacent monitoring points is greater than or equal to 20 meters. In addition, total stations are set up at the monitoring points so that the monitoring area can cover the entire monitoring area to ensure that the total station can accurately measure each monitoring point and record its three-dimensional coordinates or horizontal displacement data.

[0047] It is understandable that ensuring the distance between monitoring points can reduce mutual interference between monitoring points, and each monitoring point can more independently reflect the deformation of its location. And appropriate point spacing can avoid excessive data redundancy, making the monitoring data more streamlined and easier to analyze and process.

[0048] In some embodiments, the observation network established in step S5 further includes: a data transmission system, and the data transmission system is used to transmit the data of the monitoring points to the monitoring center in real time.

[0049] It is understood that the data measured by the total station is recorded and transmitted to the data processing center through a transmission device (such as wireless transmission or storage medium). The monitoring center processes and analyzes the collected monitoring data to evaluate the stability of the slope.

[0050] S6. Patrol and inspect the surface of the mining area to verify the correctness of the location of the layout points.

[0051] In some embodiments, the patrol inspection in step S6 also includes monitoring the working status and surrounding environment of the monitoring device to ensure the normal operation of the monitoring device.

[0052] Specifically, the inspectors need to check the actual location of each monitoring point to ensure that it is consistent with the designed location and there is no deviation due to terrain changes or other reasons; they also need to check the working status of each monitoring device, including the connection status of the sensor, battery power, and the operation of the data recorder. If any abnormality is found in the equipment, it needs to be repaired or replaced in time; it is necessary to observe the environmental conditions around the monitoring point, including whether there are new construction activities, vegetation changes, animal damage, etc., which may affect the normal operation of the monitoring equipment; it is necessary to record in detail the problems and abnormalities found during the inspection, as well as the response measures taken, to facilitate subsequent monitoring analysis and equipment maintenance.

[0053] S7. Record the inspection results.

[0054] In some embodiments, when recording the inspection results in step S7, an electronic recording system is used, and the electronic recording information is electrically connected to the data transmission system to achieve rapid data entry, storage, transmission and query.

[0055] Specifically, the electronic recording system is installed and configured on the handheld device of the inspectors. Ensure that the system is electrically connected to the data transmission system to facilitate the rapid transmission of data to the monitoring center. During the inspection, the inspectors use the electronic recording system to record the location of the monitoring point, the status of the monitoring equipment, the surrounding environment, and any abnormal findings. The data information of the entered monitoring points includes text descriptions, photos, videos, GPS coordinates, etc.

[0056] It is understandable that in the monitoring center, the staff can quickly query and analyze these data to understand the monitoring situation in a timely manner. The monitoring center can automatically generate reports based on the inspection results and feedback the reports (including data statistics, trend analysis, abnormal situation overview, etc.) to the inspectors so that the inspectors can adjust the inspection tasks in a timely manner according to the feedback reports and deal with emergencies.

[0057] To sum up, the arrangement and inspection method of slope monitoring points in mining areas according to the embodiment of the present invention can make adequate preparations before and after determining the observation points to ensure the scientificity and effectiveness of the arrangement and inspection method of slope monitoring points in mining areas, and provide strong support for safe production in mining areas.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0059] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0060] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0061] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0062] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0063] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for arranging and patrolling monitoring points on slopes in mining areas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Determine the number of monitoring points and check the accuracy of the coordinates of the monitoring points; S2. Prepare the working tools required for testing; S3. Survey monitoring points to determine the rationality and safety of the survey points and their surrounding locations; S4. Recalculate the coordinates of the monitoring points based on the survey results; S5. Delimiting an observation area, and establishing an observation network in the defined observation area, wherein the observation network includes a plurality of observation lines, the observation lines are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the slope of the mining area, and one observation line includes a plurality of observation points, the plurality of observation points are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the observation line; S6. Conduct inspections on the surface of the mining area to verify the correctness of the locations of the layout points; S7. Record the inspection results.

2. The method for arranging and patrolling monitoring points in a mining area slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, before determining the number of monitoring points, the following steps are also included: surveying the geological conditions, slope morphology, rock characteristics and production activity scope of the mining area.

3. The method for arranging and patrolling monitoring points in a mining area slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: When surveying the monitoring points in step S3, drone aerial photography technology is used to assist in evaluating the rationality and safety of the monitoring points and their surrounding locations.

4. The method for arranging and patrolling monitoring points in a mining area slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: When recalculating the coordinates of the monitoring points in step S4, computer-aided design and geographic information system technology are used to perform data analysis and coordinate correction.

5. The method for arranging and patrolling monitoring points in a mining area slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the observation area is established in the bedrock outcrop and hard foundation area.

6. The method for arranging and patrolling monitoring points in a mining area slope according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S5, the monitoring depth of the observation area is more than 1 times the stope depth of the mining area.

7. The method for arranging and patrolling monitoring points in a mining area slope according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, the monitoring points are monitored using a total station, and the distance between two adjacent monitoring points is greater than or equal to 20 meters.

8. The method for arranging and patrolling monitoring points on the mining slope according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The observation network established in step S5 also includes: a data transmission system, which is used to transmit the data of the monitoring points to the monitoring center in real time.

9. The method for arranging and patrolling monitoring points on the mining slope according to claim 8, characterized in that: The patrol inspection in step S6 also includes monitoring the working status of the monitoring equipment and the surrounding environment to ensure the normal operation of the monitoring equipment.

10. The method for arranging and patrolling monitoring points in a mining area slope according to claim 9, characterized in that: When recording the inspection results in step S7, an electronic recording system is used, and the electronic recording information is electrically connected to the data transmission system to achieve rapid data entry, storage, transmission and query.

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