Rapid installation testing machine for railway train bogie rod end knuckle bearing

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid installation testing machine for a railway train bogie rod end knuckle bearing, which comprises a test bed, a bearing seat arranged on the test bed and a bearing shaft movably arranged on the bearing seat, and is characterized in that two groups of loading seats are movably arranged on the test bed; a fixing structure used for rapidly fixing an external rod end joint bearing to be tested is detachably arranged between the bearing shaft and any loading seat, the loading seat is provided with a loading structure used for applying unbalance loading acting force to the rod end joint bearing to be tested, and the test bench is provided with a test seat. The test seat is provided with a driving structure which is used for driving the bearing shaft to move so as to enable the to-be-tested rod end knuckle bearing to simulate the actual swing working condition. The problems that a traditional rod end knuckle bearing test device for a railway train bogie is inconvenient to disassemble and assemble, low in test efficiency and lack of multidirectional tests are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rod end joint bearing testing equipment, in particular to a quick installation testing machine for a railway train bogie rod end joint bearing. Background Art

[0002] In the field of railway transportation, the performance of rod-end joint bearings for railway train bogies is directly related to the safety and stability of train operation. Traditional rod-end joint bearing test equipment has many disadvantages. On the one hand, the equipment is extremely cumbersome to operate when installing and disassembling the bearings to be tested. Due to the lack of convenient and efficient fixing devices, it is often necessary to use a variety of complex tools, which consumes a lot of manpower and time. The frequent disassembly and assembly process not only increases the labor intensity of operators, but also easily causes damage to bearings or equipment due to improper operation; on the other hand, the test efficiency is extremely low. Traditional equipment can usually only perform tests under a single working condition, and it is difficult to simulate the complex and multi-directional stress state faced by rod-end joint bearings of railway trains in actual operation. For example, when the train turns, accelerates, decelerates, and passes through different road conditions, the bearings will be subjected to eccentric loads from all directions, and traditional equipment cannot fully simulate these working conditions, resulting in the test results cannot accurately reflect the performance of the bearings in actual use. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a quick installation testing machine for railway train bogie rod end joint bearings, which solves the problems of inconvenient disassembly and assembly, low testing efficiency and lack of multi-directional testing of traditional railway train bogie rod end joint bearing testing equipment.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a rapid installation testing machine for the rod-end joint bearings of a railway train bogie, comprising a test bench, a bearing seat arranged on the test bench and a bearing shaft movably arranged on the bearing seat, two groups of loading seats movably arranged on the test bench, a fixing structure for quickly fixing an external rod-end joint bearing to be tested is detachably arranged between the bearing shaft and any one of the loading seats, a loading structure for applying an eccentric load force to the rod-end joint bearing to be tested is arranged on the loading seat, a test seat is arranged on the test bench, and a driving structure for driving the bearing shaft to move so that the rod-end joint bearing to be tested simulates an actual swinging condition is arranged on the test seat.

[0005] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: in the above technology, by setting a detachable fixed structure between the load-bearing shaft and the loading seat, the installation and disassembly process of the rod end joint bearing to be tested is greatly simplified. The installation and disassembly of the bearing can be quickly completed through the fixed structure, which greatly shortens the operation time and reduces the labor intensity. It not only improves the convenience of use of the test equipment, but also reduces the risk of equipment loss and bearing damage caused by frequent disassembly and assembly, laying the foundation for efficient test work; in the above technology, two groups of loading seats are set and the loading directions of the two groups of loading seats are different, so that the load-bearing shaft can be connected to any loading seat through the fixed structure, thereby realizing the switching of two different loading directions. In the actual test process, the different directional loads borne by the rod end joint bearing in different scenarios when the railway train is running can be simulated. For example, when the train is traveling in a straight line, the bearing may be subjected to axial force in a certain direction; and when turning, it will be subjected to lateral force in a direction perpendicular to it. Through these two groups of loading seats with different loading directions, these complex multi-directional force states can be accurately simulated. Compared with traditional test equipment, it greatly improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the test, and provides a powerful means for a deeper understanding of bearing performance; the setting of two sets of loading seats not only realizes multi-directional loading, but also can simultaneously test multiple bearings to be tested in different loading directions. Compared with traditional single-set test equipment, the test efficiency has been significantly improved. The loading structure on the loading seat combined with the driving structure on the test seat for driving the movement of the load-bearing shaft can fully simulate the complex working conditions faced by the rod-end joint bearings in the actual operation of railway trains. Through multi-faceted and comprehensive test simulation capabilities, the test results are more accurate and reliable; the driving structure in the above technology can accurately control the movement of the load-bearing shaft, so that the rod-end joint bearings to be tested can accurately simulate the actual swinging working conditions, and cooperate with the different directional eccentric load forces applied by the two sets of loading seats with different loading directions, which can truly restore the complex situation of the bearings bearing forces from all directions when the train is running. Through the comprehensive simulation of these complex working conditions, the performance of the bearings in actual use can be more realistically detected, and potential problems and defects can be discovered.

[0006] The present invention is further provided with: a loading sleeve is provided on each of the two loading seats, a transmission shaft is provided on the loading sleeve along its axial direction, the loading structure comprises a loading cylinder provided on the loading sleeve, a swinging head is provided at the output end of the loading cylinder, a swinging groove is provided on the swinging head, the end of the transmission shaft is swingingly provided in the swinging groove and a transmission pin is connected between the end of the transmission shaft and the swinging head, the transmission pin is relatively parallel to the top wall of the loading seat and relatively perpendicular to the output end of the loading cylinder, the end of the transmission shaft is swingingly provided with the transmission pin axis as a base point, and the starting end of the transmission shaft is linked and coordinated with the starting end of the load-bearing shaft through a fixed structure.

[0007] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the loading sleeve arranged on the loading seat and the transmission shaft, loading cylinder and other structures matched therewith in the above technology construct a set of accurate and flexible loading system. The swing head and the swing groove opened at the output end of the loading cylinder cooperate with the swing setting of the transmission pin at the end of the transmission shaft, so that the loading cylinder can accurately transmit the force to the transmission shaft. When the loading cylinder is working, the linear motion of its output end is converted into a fan-shaped swing at the end of the transmission shaft with the transmission pin axis as the base point through the connection structure of the swing head and the transmission shaft. This unique transmission method can accurately adjust the loading force according to the test requirements. The size and direction of the rod end joint bearing can be accurately loaded in multiple directions and angles. Compared with the traditional simple loading method, the accuracy and flexibility of loading control are greatly improved, which provides a strong guarantee for simulating the complex and variable loads that the bearings are subjected to in actual operation. In the above technology, the starting end of the transmission shaft is linked with the starting end of the load-bearing shaft through a fixed structure, so that the loading structure can accurately apply the simulated load to the rod end joint bearing to be tested. In the actual operation of railway trains, the rod end joint bearings will face various complex stress conditions, such as the loads under different driving speeds, curve radii, etc. The loading structure can efficiently simulate these complex working conditions by driving the loading cylinder and cooperating with the swing head and the transmission shaft. For example, when simulating a train turning, the loading cylinder can adjust the output force, drive the transmission shaft to swing through the swing head, and apply corresponding lateral force to the bearing; when simulating train acceleration or deceleration, the size and change rate of the loading force can be adjusted to truly restore the stress state of the bearing in actual operation, providing an effective means for comprehensive and accurate detection of bearing performance; the design of the loading structure in the above technology improves the stability and reliability of the test process, and the stable transmission connection between the loading cylinder, the swing head and the transmission shaft reduces the energy loss and transmission error during the test, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of each loading. At the same time, since it can accurately simulate a variety of complex working conditions, there is no need to frequently replace the test equipment or adjust the test plan, and a large amount of effective data can be obtained in one test. This not only shortens the test time of a single bearing, but also improves the reliability and comparability of the test results, which helps to quickly screen out bearing products with excellent performance, accelerate the research and development and optimization process of the rod end joint bearings of railway train bogies, and provide technical support for the safe and efficient operation of railway transportation.

[0008] The present invention further provides that: the two loading seats are divided into a transverse seat and a longitudinal seat, and the axial direction of the transmission shaft of the transverse seat is arranged to be relatively perpendicular to the axial direction of the transmission shaft of the longitudinal seat.

[0009] The benefits of adopting the above technical solution are: the two loading seats in the above technology are divided into a transverse seat and a longitudinal seat, and the axial directions of their drive shafts are perpendicular to each other, which greatly enriches the loading dimension of the rod end joint bearing in the test. When the railway train is actually running, the force borne by the rod end joint bearing is not in a single direction, but a complex combination of multi-directional forces. Therefore, two groups of loading seats are designed, so that the test personnel can flexibly adjust the connection between the transverse seat and the load-bearing shaft or the connection between the longitudinal seat and the load-bearing shaft according to different research purposes and needs, so as to complete the switching and testing of the two loading methods. At the same time, the size of the loading force of the transverse seat and the longitudinal seat, the loading sequence, the loading time and other parameters can also be adjusted. For example, when studying the fatigue life of the bearing under specific working conditions, the vertical load of the train during long-term travel can be simulated by the longitudinal seat, and then the lateral force can be intermittently applied by the transverse seat to simulate the frequent turning of the train, thereby constructing a complex test scene close to the actual operation.

[0010] The present invention further provides: the fixing structure includes a first fixing component, the first fixing component includes a first connecting shaft for connecting and cooperating with the transmission shaft of the transverse seat and a second connecting shaft for cooperating with the load-bearing shaft, the starting end of the load-bearing shaft is provided with a connecting hole along its axial direction, the starting end of the second connecting shaft is provided with a first connecting sleeve for connecting and cooperating with the head of the rod-end joint bearing to be tested, the end of the second connecting shaft is provided with an insertion sleeve for being inserted into the connecting hole, the end surface of the starting end of the load-bearing shaft is provided with a first deformation groove, both ends of the first deformation groove extend to the outer peripheral wall of the starting end of the load-bearing shaft and the first deformation groove is connected to the connecting hole, the outer peripheral wall of the starting end of the load-bearing shaft is provided with a locking hole, and the locking hole A locking hole is arranged perpendicularly to the first deformation groove and passes through the first deformation groove. A locking bolt is threadedly connected in the locking hole to deform the first deformation groove and reduce its width so that the inner circumferential wall of the connecting hole is pressed against the outer circumferential wall of the insertion sleeve. An anti-loosening thread is provided on the outer circumferential wall of the end of the second connecting shaft. A second deformation groove is provided on the insertion sleeve along its length direction to drive the insertion sleeve to deform when the inner circumferential wall of the connecting hole squeezes the outer circumferential wall of the insertion sleeve so that the inner circumferential wall of the insertion sleeve is pressed against the anti-loosening thread. A mounting head is provided at the starting end of the first connecting shaft, and a mounting hole is provided on the mounting head for connecting and cooperating with the rod portion of the rod end joint bearing to be tested. The end of the first connecting shaft is detachable and coaxially connected to the transmission shaft.

[0011] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the first fixing component in the above technology greatly simplifies the installation process of the rod end joint bearing to be tested, the first connecting sleeve at the beginning of the second connecting shaft can be quickly connected and matched with the head of the rod end joint bearing to be tested, and the operation is simple and direct. At the same time, the insertion sleeve at the end of the second connecting shaft can be conveniently inserted into the connecting hole at the beginning of the load-bearing shaft without complicated alignment and positioning steps, and the first deformation groove, locking hole and locking bolt matched therewith on the load-bearing shaft allow the operator to use the deformation of the first deformation groove to achieve the compression and fixation of the inner circumferential wall of the connecting hole to the outer circumferential wall of the insertion sleeve by tightening the locking bolt, and quickly complete the connection between the load-bearing shaft and the second connecting shaft. The entire installation process does not require the use of too many complex tools, which significantly shortens the installation time, improves the use efficiency of the test equipment, and provides great convenience for the work scene of frequent replacement of test samples; when the locking bolt is tightened, the first deformation groove is deformed, and its width and diameter are reduced, so that the inner circumferential wall of the connecting hole is tightly pressed against the outer circumferential wall of the insertion sleeve, providing a strong radial clamping force, effectively preventing relative displacement between the second connecting shaft and the load-bearing shaft. At the same time, the second deformation groove opened along the length direction of the insertion sleeve can drive the insertion sleeve to deform when the inner circumferential wall of the connecting hole squeezes the outer circumferential wall of the insertion sleeve, so that the inner circumferential wall of the insertion sleeve presses the anti-loosening thread on the outer circumferential wall of the end of the second connecting shaft. Through the double fastening mechanism, the firmness of the connection between the second connecting shaft and the load-bearing shaft is ensured from both radial and circumferential directions, avoiding the loose connection caused by vibration, impact and other factors during the test, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test, and providing a stable connection basis for simulating the force of the rod end joint bearing under actual working conditions; after the test is completed, it is only necessary to loosen the locking bolt, the first deformation groove is restored to its original state, and the pressing force of the inner circumferential wall of the connecting hole on the insertion sleeve disappears, so that the second connecting shaft can be easily removed from the load-bearing shaft. At the same time, since the first connecting shaft and the transmission shaft are detachable and coaxially connected, the various components of the entire fixed structure are easy to operate when they need to be maintained or replaced. The design that is easy to disassemble and maintain reduces the maintenance difficulty and time cost of the equipment, helps to extend the service life of the test equipment, improve the operating efficiency of the equipment, and ensure the continuous and smooth progress of the test work.

[0012] The present invention further provides: the mounting head is composed of a parabolic structure and is divided into a left clamping ring and a right clamping ring, the left clamping ring and the right clamping ring are combined in a ring shape and the left clamping ring and the right clamping ring are connected by bolts, a fastening sleeve is provided in the mounting hole, the fastening sleeve passes through a fastening hole for connecting and cooperating with the rod portion of the rod end joint bearing to be tested, the inner circumferential wall of the fastening hole is relatively inclined and formed with a conical surface for tightly fitting with the outer circumferential wall of the rod portion of the rod end joint bearing to be tested, the inner circumferential wall of the left clamping ring and the inner circumferential wall of the right clamping ring are both circumferentially provided with fastening grooves, and a fastening ring is circumferentially provided on the outer circumferential wall of the fastening sleeve, and the fastening ring is respectively engaged and cooperating with the two fastening grooves.

[0013] The benefits of adopting the above technical solution are: the mounting head in the above technology adopts a split-type structure, which is composed of a left clamp ring and a right clamp ring connected by bolts. When installing the rod-end joint bearing to be tested, the operator does not need to force the bearing rod through the mounting hole from one end. It is only necessary to place the left clamp ring and the right clamp ring on both sides of the bearing rod respectively, and then tighten the bolts to complete the assembly of the mounting head and the bearing rod. Compared with the traditional one-piece mounting head, the split-type structure avoids the installation difficulties caused by the excessive length of the bearing rod or the limited installation space, significantly improves the flexibility and convenience of the installation process, further shortens the installation time of the test sample, and improves the working efficiency of the test equipment; the fastening sleeve arranged in the mounting hole in the above technology The inner wall of the fastening hole is designed with a relatively inclined cone surface, which can fit tightly with the outer wall of the rod of the rod-end joint bearing to be tested. When the mounting head is fixed on the bearing rod, as the bolts are tightened, the left clamping ring and the right clamping ring gradually approach each other, the fastening sleeve is squeezed, and the fit between the cone surface and the outer wall of the bearing rod becomes tighter, generating a strong friction force, which effectively prevents the bearing rod from axial or radial displacement during the test. At the same time, the fastening grooves on the inner walls of the left clamping ring and the right clamping ring are snap-fitted with the fastening ring on the outer wall of the fastening sleeve, which further enhances the connection stability between the fastening sleeve and the mounting head, ensuring that the entire fixing structure can still reliably fix the bearing under complex test conditions, providing a solid guarantee for accurately simulating the actual force of the bearing.

[0014] The present invention is further provided that: the fixing structure also includes a second fixing component, the second fixing component includes a third connecting shaft and a fourth connecting shaft, the starting end of the third connecting shaft is provided with a matching hole for connecting and cooperating with the head of the rod-end joint bearing to be tested, the end of the third connecting shaft is detachably and coaxially connected to the transmission shaft of the longitudinal seat, the starting end of the fourth connecting shaft is penetrated by a through hole along its axial direction for connecting and cooperating with the rod portion of the rod-end joint bearing to be tested, the end of the fourth connecting shaft is plug-matched with the connecting hole, and the third connecting shaft and the fourth connecting shaft are relatively vertically arranged.

[0015] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are: the second fixing component of the above technology is used to connect the longitudinal seat and the load-bearing shaft, that is, the matching hole at the beginning of the third connecting shaft can be conveniently connected to the bearing head, and its end is detachable and coaxially connected to the transmission shaft of the longitudinal seat, the through hole at the beginning of the fourth connecting shaft can cooperate with the bearing rod, and the end is plug-fitted with the connecting hole of the load-bearing shaft. When facing rod end joint bearings with different structural characteristics or test requirements, operators can flexibly choose suitable fixing components, which greatly enriches the fixing methods, improves the adaptability of the test equipment to various types of bearings, and ensures stable and reliable fixation in different test scenarios; due to the Two different fixing components are prepared. When the test equipment is used to test rod end joint bearings of different specifications and types, there is no need to carry out large-scale modification of the equipment. Under the test requirements of different loading directions, the first fixing component can be used to realize the quick connection between the transverse seat and the load-bearing shaft, and the second fixing component can be used to realize the quick connection between the longitudinal seat and the load-bearing shaft, so as to realize the quick switching of the loading direction. Through the effective switching mechanism, the test preparation time is reduced and the test efficiency is improved. In the above technology, in order to improve the linkage efficiency, a first connecting sleeve can also be set in the matching hole, and the first connecting sleeve can be used to realize the efficient connection of the matching hole, the third connecting shaft and the bearing head.

[0016] The present invention is further provided with: adjustment grooves are provided on the test bench corresponding to the two loading seat positions, the two adjustment grooves are relatively vertically arranged, the adjustment grooves and the opening directions of the transmission shafts of the corresponding loading seats are relatively vertically arranged, a transmission screw is provided at the bottom of the loading seat, a sliding seat is provided on the transmission screw along the length direction of the transmission screw, the sliding seat is connected to the bottom of the loading seat, the transmission screw is movably arranged in the adjustment groove, the end of the transmission screw passes through the test bench and is provided with an adjustment handwheel for an external operator to rotate to make the transmission screw rotate synchronously so that the sliding seat slides along the length direction of the transmission screw and drives the loading seat to shift on the test bench.

[0017] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the relatively vertical adjustment grooves corresponding to the two loading seat positions on the test bench in the above technology, combined with the design of the transmission screw, sliding seat and adjustment handwheel at the bottom of the loading seat, bring extremely high flexibility to the test process. The operator can easily adjust the position of the loading seat on the test bench by turning the adjustment handwheel. When conducting different types of rod end joint bearing tests, the relative position between the loading seat and the load-bearing shaft can be flexibly changed according to the specifications, dimensions and test requirements of the bearings. For example, for larger bearings, the loading seat can be appropriately moved outward to ensure that there is enough space for installation and fixation; for some special tests, If a specific loading angle is required, it can also be achieved by adjusting the position of the loading seat; in the above technology, it is very important to set the adjustment groove relatively perpendicular to the direction of the loading seat drive shaft. When simulating the actual working conditions of the railway train bogie rod end joint bearing, the force exerted on the bearing is not only complex in direction, but also the point of action will change with the change of the train running state. By adjusting the position of the loading seat in the adjustment groove, the point of action and direction of the loading force can be accurately adjusted. For example, when simulating a train passing through a curve, the position of the loading seat can be adjusted according to parameters such as the curve radius and the train speed, so that the loading force can more accurately simulate the lateral force and eccentric load that the bearing is borne in actual curve driving. This precise simulation capability helps to obtain more realistic and reliable test data, conduct in-depth research on the performance of bearings under complex working conditions, and provide strong support for the optimized design of railway train bogies; the setting of the adjusting handwheel makes the adjustment operation of the loading seat position simple and easy to understand, and even non-professional operators can quickly get started. The operator only needs to turn the adjusting handwheel to easily achieve the displacement of the loading seat without the need for complex tools or professional skills; the transmission method and structure of the transmission screw in the above technology are existing technologies, so its function and structure will not be described in detail; in the above technology, a plurality of linkage slide grooves can be opened on the test bench corresponding to the adjustment groove position along the perpendicular direction of the adjustment groove according to actual needs, and a sliding key block can be provided at the bottom of the loading seat corresponding to each linkage slide groove to cooperate with the sliding of the loading seat. At the same time, in order to improve the adjustment efficiency, the adjusting handwheel can be replaced with an electric drive device such as a drive motor according to actual needs, thereby improving the adjustment efficiency.

[0018] The present invention further provides that: the driving structure includes a high-frequency swing cylinder arranged on the test seat, the output end of the high-frequency swing cylinder is coaxially arranged with the bearing shaft, and a coupling is connected between the output end of the high-frequency swing cylinder and the bearing shaft.

[0019] The benefits of adopting the above technical solution are: the driving structure in the above technology adopts a high-frequency swing cylinder arranged on a test seat, and its output end is coaxially connected to the load-bearing shaft through a coupling, which can accurately simulate the swinging condition of the rod-end joint bearing of the railway train bogie in actual operation. The high-frequency swing cylinder can provide a stable and frequency-controllable swing output, so that the load-bearing shaft drives the rod-end joint bearing to be tested to perform high-frequency reciprocating swing, and highly restores the swinging state of the bearing caused by track unevenness, turning and other factors during the train running. The high-frequency swing cylinder and the load-bearing shaft are coaxially connected through a coupling, which ensures the stability and accuracy of power transmission. The coupling can effectively compensate for slight deviations between the two shafts, avoid vibrations and additional stress caused by non-concentricity of the shafts, and ensure that the load-bearing shaft can swing smoothly and accurately according to the output of the high-frequency swing cylinder.

[0020] The present invention is further arranged that: a sinking groove is provided on the test bench corresponding to the position of the bearing seat, and a part of the bottom of the bearing seat is arranged in the sinking groove.

[0021] The benefits of adopting the above technical solution are: in the above technology, a sinking groove is opened on the test bench corresponding to the position of the bearing seat, and the bottom of the bearing seat is partially located in the sinking groove. This design significantly enhances the overall stability of the equipment. During the test, when the bearing shaft drives the rod end joint bearing to be tested to swing, and the loading seat applies an eccentric load force to the bearing, the equipment will be subjected to large external forces and vibrations. The existence of the sinking groove lowers the center of gravity of the bearing seat. At the same time, the nested structure formed between the sinking groove and the bottom of the bearing seat limits the horizontal displacement of the bearing seat.

[0022] The present invention further provides that: a bearing hole for the bearing shaft to pass through is opened on the bearing seat, two groups of thrust spherical roller bearings are connected between the inner peripheral wall of the bearing hole and the outer peripheral wall of the bearing shaft, and the two groups of thrust spherical roller bearings are oppositely and coaxially arranged.

[0023] The benefits of adopting the above technical solution are: the two groups of relatively and coaxially arranged thrust spherical roller bearings connected between the inner circumferential wall of the load-bearing hole opened on the load-bearing seat and the outer circumferential wall of the load-bearing shaft in the above technology provide extremely stable and reliable support for the load-bearing shaft. During the test, the load-bearing shaft needs to drive the rod end joint bearing to be tested to swing, and at the same time it must withstand the eccentric load force applied by the loading seat. The thrust spherical roller bearing has a high axial and radial load-bearing capacity, can effectively withstand these complex loads, and ensure the stability of the load-bearing shaft during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the matching state of the test seat and the lateral seat in the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of Figure 3 A three-dimensional view of the combination state of the first fixing structure and the rod end joint bearing to be tested in the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of Figure 5 A three-dimensional view of the matching state of the test seat and the longitudinal seat in the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of Figure 7 A three-dimensional view of the combination state of the second fixing structure and the rod end joint bearing to be tested in the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 sectional view of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention provides a rapid installation test machine for a railway train bogie rod end joint bearing, comprising a test bench 1, a bearing seat 2 arranged on the test bench 1, and a bearing shaft 21 movably arranged on the bearing seat 2, wherein two groups of loading seats 3 are movably arranged on the test bench 1, a fixing structure for quickly fixing an external rod end joint bearing to be tested is detachably arranged between the bearing shaft 21 and any one of the loading seats 3, a loading structure for applying an eccentric load force to the rod end joint bearing to be tested is arranged on the loading seat 3, a test seat 4 is arranged on the test bench 1, and a driving structure for driving the bearing shaft 21 to move so that the rod end joint bearing to be tested simulates an actual swinging working condition is arranged on the two loading seats 3 are provided with a loading sleeve 31, and a transmission shaft 32 is provided on the loading sleeve 31 along its axial direction. The loading structure includes a loading cylinder 33 arranged on the loading sleeve 31, and a swing head 331 is provided at the output end of the loading cylinder 33, and a swing groove 332 is opened on the swing head 331. The end of the transmission shaft 32 is swingably set in the swing groove 332, and a transmission pin 333 is connected between the end of the transmission shaft 32 and the swing head 331. The transmission pin 333 is relatively parallel to the top wall of the loading seat 3 and the transmission pin 333 is relatively vertical to the output end of the loading cylinder 33. The end of the transmission shaft 32 is swingably set with the axis of the transmission pin 333 as the base point, and the starting end of the transmission shaft 32 is connected to the load-bearing The starting end of the shaft 21 is arranged in linkage cooperation, and the two loading seats 3 are divided into a transverse seat 11 and a longitudinal seat 12. The axial direction of the transmission shaft 32 of the transverse seat 11 is relatively perpendicular to the axial direction of the transmission shaft 32 of the longitudinal seat 12. The fixed structure includes a first fixing component, and the first fixing component includes a first connecting shaft 111 for connecting and cooperating with the transmission shaft 32 of the transverse seat 11 and a second connecting shaft 22 for cooperating with the load-bearing shaft 21. The starting end of the load-bearing shaft 21 is provided with a connecting hole 211 along its axial direction, and the starting end of the second connecting shaft 22 is provided with a first connecting sleeve 221 for connecting and cooperating with the head of the rod end joint bearing to be tested, and the end of the second connecting shaft 22 is provided with a sleeve for inserting a connecting hole 211. The insertion sleeve 23 of the connecting hole 211, the first deformation groove 212 is opened on the end surface of the starting end of the load-bearing shaft 21, both ends of the first deformation groove 212 extend to the outer peripheral wall of the starting end of the load-bearing shaft 21 and the first deformation groove 212 is connected with the connecting hole 211, and a locking hole 213 is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the starting end of the load-bearing shaft 21, and the locking hole 213 is arranged perpendicularly to the first deformation groove 212 and the locking hole 213 penetrates the first deformation groove 212, and a locking bolt for deforming the first deformation groove 212 and reducing its width and diameter so that the inner peripheral wall of the connecting hole 211 is pressed against the outer peripheral wall of the insertion sleeve 23 is threadedly connected in the locking hole 213, and an anti-loosening thread 222 is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the end of the second connecting shaft 22,The insertion sleeve 23 is provided with a second deformation groove 231 along its length direction, which is used to drive the insertion sleeve 23 to deform when the inner circumferential wall of the connecting hole 211 squeezes the outer circumferential wall of the insertion sleeve 23 so that the inner circumferential wall of the insertion sleeve 23 presses the anti-loosening thread 222. The first connecting shaft 111 is provided with a mounting head 112 at the beginning, and the mounting head 112 is provided with a mounting hole 113 for connecting and cooperating with the rod part of the rod end joint bearing to be tested. The end of the first connecting shaft 111 is detachably and coaxially connected to the transmission shaft 32. The mounting head 112 is composed of a parabolic structure and is divided into a left clamping ring 114 and a right clamping ring 115. The left clamping ring 114 and the right clamping ring 115 are combined in an annular shape and the left clamping ring 114 and the right clamping ring 115 are connected by bolts. A fastening sleeve 116 is arranged in the mounting hole 113, and the fastening sleeve 116 penetrates a fastening hole 117 for connecting and cooperating with the rod portion of the rod end joint bearing to be tested. The inner peripheral wall of the fastening hole 117 is relatively inclined and formed with a conical surface for tightly cooperating with the outer peripheral wall of the rod portion of the rod end joint bearing to be tested. The inner peripheral wall of the left clamp ring 114 and the inner peripheral wall of the right clamp ring 115 are both circumferentially provided with fastening grooves 118, and a fastening ring 119 is circumferentially provided on the outer peripheral wall of the fastening sleeve 116. The fastening ring 119 is respectively engaged and cooperating with the two fastening grooves 118. The fixing structure also includes a second fixing component, and the second fixing component includes a third connecting shaft 121 and a fourth connecting shaft 24. The starting end of the third connecting shaft 121 is provided with a fastening groove 118 for connecting with the rod end joint bearing to be tested. The head of the test rod-end joint bearing is connected to the matching hole 122, the end of the third connecting shaft 121 is detachably and coaxially connected to the transmission shaft 32 of the longitudinal seat 12, the starting end of the fourth connecting shaft 24 is penetrated along its axial direction with a through hole 241 for connecting and matching with the rod part of the rod-end joint bearing to be tested, the end of the fourth connecting shaft 24 is plug-fitted with the connecting hole 211, the third connecting shaft 121 and the fourth connecting shaft 24 are relatively vertically arranged, and the test bench 1 is provided with adjustment grooves 13 corresponding to the positions of the two loading seats 3, the two adjustment grooves 13 are relatively vertically arranged, and the adjustment grooves 13 and the corresponding transmission shaft 32 of the loading seat 3 are relatively vertically arranged, and a transmission screw 14 is arranged at the bottom of the loading seat 3. A sliding seat 15 is arranged on the transmission screw 14 along the length direction of the transmission screw 14, and the sliding seat 15 is connected to the bottom of the loading seat 3. The transmission screw 14 is movably arranged in the adjustment groove 13. The end of the transmission screw 14 passes through the test bench 1 and is provided with an adjustment handwheel 16 for an external operator to rotate the transmission screw 14 to rotate synchronously so that the sliding seat 15 slides along the length direction of the transmission screw 14 and drives the loading seat 3 to shift on the test bench 1. The driving structure includes a high-frequency swing cylinder 41 arranged on the test seat 4, and the output end of the high-frequency swing cylinder 41 is coaxially arranged with the bearing shaft 21, and a coupling 42 is connected between the output end of the high-frequency swing cylinder 41 and the bearing shaft 21. A sinking groove 17 is opened on the test bench 1 corresponding to the position of the bearing seat 2.The bottom of the bearing seat 2 is partially located in the sinking groove 17, and a bearing hole 25 for the bearing shaft 21 to pass through is opened on the bearing seat 2. Two groups of thrust spherical roller bearings 26 are connected between the inner peripheral wall of the bearing hole 25 and the outer peripheral wall of the bearing shaft 21. The two groups of thrust spherical roller bearings 26 are oppositely and coaxially arranged.

[0026] In the above technology, the linkage keyway is marked as 5 in the attached figure of the specification, the sliding key block is 51, the head of the key bearing of the rod end to be tested is marked as 6 in the attached figure of the specification, and the rod is marked as 61 in the attached figure of the specification.

[0027] The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for illustrating the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which shall fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rapid installation test machine for a railway train bogie rod end joint bearing, characterized in that: It includes a test bench, a bearing seat arranged on the test bench and a bearing shaft movably arranged on the bearing seat, wherein two groups of loading seats are movably arranged on the test bench, a fixing structure for quickly fixing an external rod-end joint bearing to be tested is detachably arranged between the bearing shaft and any loading seat, a loading structure for applying an eccentric load force to the rod-end joint bearing to be tested is arranged on the loading seat, a test seat is arranged on the test bench, and a driving structure for driving the bearing shaft to move so that the rod-end joint bearing to be tested simulates an actual swinging condition is arranged on the test seat.

2. A rapid installation testing machine for a railway train bogie rod end joint bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A loading sleeve is provided on each of the two loading seats, and a transmission shaft is provided on the loading sleeve along its axial direction. The loading structure includes a loading cylinder provided on the loading sleeve, and a swing head is provided at the output end of the loading cylinder, and a swing groove is provided on the swing head. The end of the transmission shaft is swingably provided in the swing groove, and a transmission pin is connected between the end of the transmission shaft and the swing head. The transmission pin is relatively parallel to the top wall of the loading seat and relatively perpendicular to the output end of the loading cylinder. The end of the transmission shaft is swingably provided with the axis of the transmission pin as a base point, and the starting end of the transmission shaft is linked with the starting end of the load-bearing shaft through a fixed structure.

3. A rapid installation testing machine for a railway train bogie rod end joint bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two loading seats are divided into a transverse seat and a longitudinal seat, and the axial direction of the transmission shaft of the transverse seat is arranged to be relatively perpendicular to the axial direction of the transmission shaft of the longitudinal seat.

4. A rapid installation testing machine for a railway train bogie rod end joint bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing structure includes a first fixing component, the first fixing component includes a first connecting shaft for connecting and cooperating with the transmission shaft of the transverse seat and a second connecting shaft for cooperating with the load-bearing shaft, the starting end of the load-bearing shaft is provided with a connecting hole along its axial direction, the starting end of the second connecting shaft is provided with a first connecting sleeve for connecting and cooperating with the head of the rod end joint bearing to be tested, the end of the second connecting shaft is provided with an insertion sleeve for being inserted into the connecting hole, the end surface of the starting end of the load-bearing shaft is provided with a first deformation groove, both ends of the first deformation groove extend to the outer peripheral wall of the starting end of the load-bearing shaft and the first deformation groove is connected to the connecting hole, the outer peripheral wall of the starting end of the load-bearing shaft is provided with a locking hole, and the locking hole is connected to the first deformation groove. The grooves are relatively vertically arranged and the locking hole passes through the first deformation groove. A locking bolt is threadedly connected in the locking hole to deform the first deformation groove and reduce its width so that the inner circumferential wall of the connecting hole is pressed against the outer circumferential wall of the insertion sleeve. An anti-loosening thread is provided on the outer circumferential wall of the end of the second connecting shaft. The insertion sleeve is provided with a second deformation groove along its length direction for driving the insertion sleeve to deform when the inner circumferential wall of the connecting hole squeezes the outer circumferential wall of the insertion sleeve so that the inner circumferential wall of the insertion sleeve is pressed against the anti-loosening thread. A mounting head is provided at the starting end of the first connecting shaft, and a mounting hole is provided on the mounting head for connecting and cooperating with the rod portion of the rod end joint bearing to be tested. The end of the first connecting shaft is detachable and coaxially connected to the transmission shaft.

5. A rapid installation testing machine for a railway train bogie rod end joint bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting head is composed of a split structure and is divided into a left clamping ring and a right clamping ring. The left clamping ring and the right clamping ring are combined in a ring shape and are connected to each other by bolts. A fastening sleeve is provided in the mounting hole. The fastening sleeve passes through a fastening hole for connecting and cooperating with the rod portion of the rod end joint bearing to be tested. The inner circumferential wall of the fastening hole is relatively inclined and is formed with a conical surface for tightly fitting with the outer circumferential wall of the rod portion of the rod end joint bearing to be tested. The inner circumferential wall of the left clamping ring and the inner circumferential wall of the right clamping ring are both circumferentially provided with fastening grooves. A fastening ring is circumferentially provided on the outer circumferential wall of the fastening sleeve, and the fastening ring is respectively engaged with the two fastening grooves.

6. A rapid installation testing machine for a railway train bogie rod end joint bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing structure also includes a second fixing component, which includes a third connecting shaft and a fourth connecting shaft. The starting end of the third connecting shaft is provided with a matching hole for connecting and cooperating with the head of the rod-end joint bearing to be tested, the end of the third connecting shaft is detachably and coaxially connected to the transmission shaft of the longitudinal seat, the starting end of the fourth connecting shaft is penetrated by a through hole along its axial direction for connecting and cooperating with the rod portion of the rod-end joint bearing to be tested, the end of the fourth connecting shaft is plug-fitted with the connecting hole, and the third connecting shaft and the fourth connecting shaft are relatively vertically arranged.

7. A rapid installation testing machine for a railway train bogie rod end joint bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The test bench is provided with adjustment grooves corresponding to the two loading seat positions, and the two adjustment grooves are relatively vertically arranged, and the adjustment grooves and the opening directions of the transmission shafts of the corresponding loading seats are relatively vertically arranged, and a transmission screw is arranged at the bottom of the loading seat, and a sliding seat is arranged on the transmission screw along the length direction of the transmission screw, and the sliding seat is connected to the bottom of the loading seat, and the transmission screw is movably arranged in the adjustment groove. The end of the transmission screw passes through the test bench and is provided with an adjustment handwheel for an external operator to rotate to make the transmission screw rotate synchronously so that the sliding seat can slide along the length direction of the transmission screw and drive the loading seat to shift on the test bench.

8. The rapid installation testing machine for the railway train bogie rod end joint bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving structure comprises a high-frequency swing cylinder arranged on the test seat, wherein the output end of the high-frequency swing cylinder is coaxially arranged with the bearing shaft, and a coupling is connected between the output end of the high-frequency swing cylinder and the bearing shaft.

9. A rapid installation testing machine for a railway train bogie rod end joint bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sinking groove is provided on the test bench corresponding to the position of the bearing seat, and a part of the bottom of the bearing seat is arranged in the sinking groove.

10. The rapid installation testing machine for railway train bogie rod end joint bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing seat is provided with a bearing hole for the bearing shaft to pass through, and two groups of thrust spherical roller bearings are connected between the inner peripheral wall of the bearing hole and the outer peripheral wall of the bearing shaft. The two groups of thrust spherical roller bearings are arranged oppositely and coaxially.

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