Corn ear impact, rubbing, threshing and load cooperative detection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a corn ear impact, rubbing and threshing load cooperative detection device. The device comprises an impact load detection module, a rubbing load detection module, a power supply module and a display device. The impact load detection module can stably simulate different impact working conditions and measure the impact load in real time through a lower conveyor belt driven by a servo motor; the height adjusting function of the lifting platform can change the falling height of corn ears to meet different experiment requirements. The rubbing load detection module is combined with an upper conveying belt, a full-bridge strain gauge sensor, a piezoelectric ceramic sensor and the like, the angle and the height of the upper conveying belt can be adjusted, and data are obtained by measuring the rubbing load under the extrusion effect. When the impact load detection module and the rubbing load detection module work cooperatively, three threshing modes of moving rubbing, rotating rubbing and combined rubbing can be tested. According to the method, impact and rubbing load synergistic effect data can be accurately obtained, a reliable basis is provided for optimization design of a corn threshing device, and the detection efficiency and the data accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular to a corn cob impact rubbing threshing load cooperative detection device. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of agricultural modernization, the development of mechanized harvesting technology for corn, as China's most important food crop, is of vital importance. At present, my country's mechanized harvesting of corn is mainly based on the harvesting of ears. In the face of the growing scale and yield of corn planting, this traditional method has gradually exposed problems such as low operating efficiency, high labor intensity, high production costs, and large harvest losses. There is a significant gap with the advanced mechanized harvesting technology of crops such as wheat and rice, which seriously restricts the efficient development of the corn industry and also forms a certain obstacle to the implementation of the national food security strategy. At the same time, as a key part of the entire harvesting process, the technical improvement of corn threshing is imminent. The stress conditions of corn in the threshing drum are extremely complex. Although researchers have conducted a lot of research using computer simulation analysis, high-speed photography and power monitoring, the actual operation faces complex and changeable working conditions, and is affected by the interaction of multiple factors such as corn's own characteristics (variety, quality, moisture content), feed amount and mechanical structure parameters. In addition, the limitations of existing threshing theories result in the above methods not being able to easily reflect the natural threshing environment of corn cob impact and rubbing, which limits the accurate detection of corn cob impact and rubbing threshing loads and cannot provide a reliable basis for the optimal design of the threshing device.

[0003] Therefore, in order to break through the existing technical bottleneck and accurately grasp the mechanical properties of corn ears during the threshing process, it is of great practical significance and urgent market demand to develop a collaborative detection device that can accurately detect the impact and rubbing threshing load of corn ears. This will provide key technical support for achieving efficient and low-loss threshing of corn and promote corn mechanized harvesting technology to a new level. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a corn cob impact rubbing threshing load collaborative detection device with a highly integrated structure and simplified production process to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] Technical solution: A corn cob impact kneading threshing load collaborative detection device of the present invention comprises: an impact load detection module, a kneading load detection module, a power supply module and a display device; the impact load detection module comprises a lower conveyor belt driven by a servo motor, a variable frequency speed regulator, a support frame, a height-adjustable lifting platform and a foil load force sensor; the lifting platform is arranged at the end of the lower conveyor belt, and the impact condition of the corn cob falling is changed by adjusting the height; the foil load force sensor is fixed at the center of the lifting platform to detect the impact load in real time; the kneading load detection module The block includes an upper conveyor belt driven by a small servo motor, a small frequency conversion speed regulator, a full-bridge strain gauge sensor, a piezoelectric ceramic sensor, and an angle and height adjustable bracket assembly; the full-bridge strain gauge sensor is attached to the surface of the lower end shaft of the upper conveyor belt to detect the instantaneous kneading load; the piezoelectric ceramic sensor is fixed to the middle of the upper conveyor belt through the sensor housing to detect the full-process kneading load; when the upper and lower conveyor belts work in coordination, three threshing modes of moving kneading, rotating kneading and combined kneading are realized through differential motion; the display device displays the impact and kneading load data in real time.

[0006] Furthermore, in the impact load detection module: the servo motor is fixed to the side of the lower conveyor belt by bolts, and stepless speed regulation is achieved by a variable frequency speed regulator; the lifting platform adjusts the height by rotating the handle so that the corn ears fall accurately to the center of the foil load force sensor.

[0007] Furthermore, the bracket assembly of the rubbing load detection module includes: an angle adjustment plate connecting the upper conveyor belt and the first bracket, and changing the angle of the conveyor belt through the adjustment bolt in the annular groove; the second bracket is nested with the first bracket, and the height of the upper conveyor belt is adjusted through the limit slider and the plum handle screw.

[0008] Preferably, the first bracket is a European standard 4040 aluminum profile bracket, and the second bracket is a European standard 6262 aluminum profile bracket.

[0009] Furthermore, the angle adjustment plate is fastened to the upper conveyor belt side plate and the first bracket by adjusting bolts and hexagonal nuts, and the adjustment accuracy is ±1°.

[0010] Furthermore, the piezoelectric ceramic sensor is fixed to the middle shaft of the upper conveyor belt through four sensor housings to form a symmetrically distributed sensor component.

[0011] Furthermore, the three threshing methods are specifically: moving kneading: the lower conveyor belt runs, the upper conveyor belt stops, and the corn ears move horizontally and are kneaded; rotating kneading: the upper conveyor belt runs, the lower conveyor belt stops, and the corn ears rotate in a plane and are kneaded; combined kneading: the upper and lower conveyor belts run at differential speeds, and the corn ears move and rotate at the same time and are kneaded in combination.

[0012] Furthermore, the power supply module includes: a 5V power supply for powering the sensor, a 24V power supply for driving the servo motor, and a 220V AC power supply as a total input.

[0013] Furthermore, the display device includes a USB data acquisition card and a human-machine interface, which displays load waveforms and values ​​in real time and supports data export and analysis.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjusting bolt is a fine thread with an adjustment range of 0-25mm and an accuracy of ±1mm; the plum handle screw adopts M10 specification to ensure that the bracket is firmly connected.

[0015] Furthermore, the data of the full-bridge strain gauge sensor and the piezoelectric ceramic sensor are fused to achieve continuous monitoring of the rubbing load of the corn ears from contact to separation from the conveyor belt.

[0016] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] (1) The present invention can simultaneously obtain information on impact load and rubbing load during corn ear threshing, and simulate different working conditions by changing the mass, posture and falling height of corn ears through the coordinated work of the impact load detection module and the rubbing load detection module, thereby realizing direct observation of the corn harvesting process. Compared with research methods such as computer simulation analysis, high-speed photography and power monitoring, the present invention can more intuitively reflect the natural threshing environment of corn ear impact and rubbing, and provide a reliable basis for the optimal design of the threshing device;

[0018] (2) The servo motor in the impact load detection module and the small servo motor in the kneading load detection module of the present invention are both controlled by a variable frequency speed regulator, which can realize stepless speed regulation and speed display of impact and kneading motions, making it easier to perform motion analysis on impact threshing and kneading threshing;

[0019] (3) The present invention can test three kneading threshing modes, namely, moving kneading, rotating kneading and combined kneading, which is more convenient for comparing and analyzing the threshing advantages and disadvantages of various kneading threshing modes. When the lower conveyor belt of the impact load detection module is working and the upper conveyor belt of the kneading load detection module stops, horizontal moving kneading is formed; when the upper conveyor belt of the kneading load detection module is working and the lower conveyor belt of the impact load detection module stops, planar rotating kneading is formed; when the upper and lower conveyor belts of the impact load detection module and the kneading load detection module are working at the same time, the corn ears move at differential speeds, forming a moving and rotating combined kneading;

[0020] (4) The kneading load detection module of the present invention adopts two high-precision sensors, namely a full-bridge strain gauge sensor and a piezoelectric ceramic sensor. The full-bridge strain gauge sensor is closely attached to the shaft surface at the lower end of the upper conveyor belt. Its function is to accurately detect the instantaneous kneading load generated at that moment when the corn ear passes the lowest position of the upper conveyor belt; the piezoelectric ceramic sensor and four sensor housings together constitute a sensor assembly, which is fixedly installed in the middle area of ​​the upper conveyor belt through a hexagonal nut. It is responsible for detecting the kneading load borne by the corn ear from the initial contact with the surface of the upper conveyor belt to the arrival at the lowest point of the upper conveyor belt. By using these two sensors in coordination, it is possible to achieve comprehensive and accurate detection of the kneading load of the corn ear in the entire process after the corn ear contacts the upper conveyor belt, providing reliable data support for subsequent analysis.

[0021] (5) The lifting platform described in the present invention adjusts its height through a handle, thereby changing the falling height of the corn cobs; the upper conveyor belt adjusts the angle between it and the first bracket through an angle adjustment plate, and at the same time adjusts the height of the first bracket by changing the position of the limit slider, thereby finally realizing flexible adjustment of the height of the upper conveyor belt. The device has a simple structure and a reasonable design, and is easier to install, disassemble and adjust, and can accurately test the stress conditions of corn cobs during threshing under different conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a side view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an impact load detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a kneading load detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper conveyor belt after the belt of the rubbing load detection module is removed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the kneading load detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention, with the European standard 6262 aluminum profile bracket and the plum handle screws removed;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a partial schematic diagram of the device during the collaborative detection of impact and rubbing loads in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure markings: 1—lower conveyor belt; 2—support frame; 3—servo motor; 4—frequency converter; 5—lifting platform; 6—foil load force sensor; 7—upper conveyor belt; 8—small servo motor; 9—small frequency converter; 10—full-bridge strain gauge sensor; 11—angle adjustment plate: 12—limit slider; 13—Plum handle screw; 14—European standard 4040 aluminum profile bracket; 15—European standard 6262 aluminum profile bracket; 16—sensor housing; 17—piezoelectric ceramic sensor; 18—corn cob. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The present invention provides a corn ear impact rubbing threshing load collaborative detection device, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, according to a corn cob impact rubbing threshing load collaborative detection device of the present invention, the device includes an impact load detection module, a rubbing load detection module, a power supply module and a display device.

[0032] Among them, Figure 3 As shown, the impact load detection module includes a lower conveyor belt 1, a support frame 2, a servo motor 3, a variable frequency speed regulator 4, a lifting platform 5, and a foil load force sensor 6. The lower conveyor belt 1 is stably fixed on the ground through three support frames 2, the servo motor 3 is installed at the side position of one end of the lower conveyor belt 1, and the variable frequency speed regulator 4 is installed on the other side of the lower conveyor belt 1; the lifting platform 5 is installed at the other end of the lower conveyor belt 1, and the foil load force sensor 6 is fixed to the center position of the lifting platform 5 through four M10 bolts. In the actual working process, the corn ear 18 is placed on the lower conveyor belt 1, the power supply is started, and the servo motor 3 is used as the driving power supply to drive the lower conveyor belt 1 to rotate. The speed of the servo motor 3 can be adjusted by the variable frequency speed regulator 4, thereby realizing the stepless speed change function of the lower conveyor belt 1, so as to simulate the working condition of corn ears impact threshing with different initial velocities. The height of the lifting platform 5 is adjusted by rotating the handle of the lifting platform 5, thereby changing the falling height of the corn ears. At the same time, the position of the lifting platform 5 relative to the lower conveyor belt 1 is adjusted to ensure that the corn cobs can accurately fall on the center position of the foil load sensor 6. The foil load sensor 6 is connected to the USB data acquisition card to achieve accurate detection of the impact load of the corn cobs.

[0033] like Figure 4-6As shown, the kneading load detection module includes an upper conveyor belt 7, a small servo motor 8, a small frequency converter 9, a full-bridge strain gauge sensor 10, an angle adjuster 11, a limit slider 12, a plum handle screw 13, a European standard 4040 aluminum profile bracket 14, a European standard 6262 aluminum profile bracket 15, a sensor housing 16, and a piezoelectric ceramic sensor 17. The small servo motor 8 is fixed to one side of the upper conveyor belt 7 by bolts, and the small variable frequency speed regulator 9 is installed on the other side of the upper conveyor belt 7; the side plate of the upper conveyor belt 7 is provided with mounting holes, which are connected to the mounting holes and annular grooves on the angle adjustment plate 11 by adjusting bolts and hexagonal nuts, and the European standard 4040 aluminum profile bracket 14 is also connected to the two mounting holes of the angle adjustment plate 11 by adjusting bolts and hexagonal nuts, and the nuts are tightened to make the three firmly connected; the bottom mounting support feet of the European standard 6262 aluminum profile bracket 15 are fixed to the ground, and the European standard 4040 aluminum profile bracket 14 is nested therein to form a height-adjustable bracket combination, and the European standard 4040 aluminum profile bracket 14 is externally A limit slider 12 is provided on the surface, and an M10 mounting hole with a depth of 8 mm is provided on the upper surface of the limit slider 12. An M10 through hole is also provided on the outer surface of one side of the European standard 6262 aluminum profile bracket 15. A plum handle screw 13 is respectively connected to the M10 mounting hole of the limit slider 12 and the M10 through hole on one side of the European standard 6262 aluminum profile 15 to limit the height of the European standard 4040 aluminum profile bracket 14; four sensor housings 16 are respectively installed on the two shafts in the upper conveyor belt 7, and the piezoelectric ceramic sensor 17 is nested in the four sensor housings 16 and installed in the middle position of the upper conveyor belt 7; the full-bridge strain gauge sensor 10 is installed on the shaft at the lower end of the upper conveyor belt 7. In the actual working process, the sliding limit slider 12 changes its position in the European standard 4040 aluminum profile bracket 15, and then the plum handle screw 13 is tightened to adjust and fix the height of the upper conveyor belt 7 to measure the rubbing load of corn ears with different diameters; the adjusting bolts and hexagonal nuts in the annular groove of the angle adjustment plate 11 are rotated to adjust the angle between the upper conveyor belt 7 and the European standard 4040 aluminum profile bracket 14.Place corn ears 18 on the lower conveyor belt 1 and directly below the upper conveyor belt 7. Only start the power supply of the upper conveyor belt 7. The small servo motor 8 drives the upper conveyor belt 7 to transmit, so that the corn ears 18 start to rotate and rub against the lower surface of the upper conveyor belt 7, simulating the rotation, rubbing and threshing of the corn ears 18. At this time, the piezoelectric ceramic sensor 17 can measure the rotation and rubbing load on the corn ears 18. Only start the power supply of the lower conveyor belt 1. The servo motor 3 drives the lower conveyor belt 1 to rotate, so that the corn ears 18 move in the horizontal direction and rub against the lower surface of the upper conveyor belt 7, simulating the movement, rubbing and threshing of the corn ears 18. At this time, the piezoelectric ceramic sensor 17 and the full-bridge strain gauge sensor 10 can measure the moving and rubbing load on the corn ears 18; at the same time, the power supply of the lower conveyor belt 1 and the upper conveyor belt 7 is started, the servo motor 3 drives the lower conveyor belt 1 to rotate, and the small servo motor 8 drives the upper conveyor belt 7 to transmit. There is a speed difference between the lower conveyor belt 1 and the upper conveyor belt 7, so that the corn ears 18 move in the horizontal direction and rotate in the plane, and rub with the lower surface of the upper conveyor belt 7, simulating the combined rubbing and threshing of the corn ears 18. At this time, the piezoelectric ceramic sensor 17 and the full-bridge strain gauge sensor 10 can measure the combined rubbing load on the corn ears 18.

[0034] The threaded end of the adjusting bolt adopts fine pitch thread, the adjustment range of the adjusting bolt is 0 to 25 mm, and the adjustment accuracy is 1 mm.

Claims

1. A corn cob impact rubbing threshing load collaborative detection device, characterized in that: include: An impact load detection module, a kneading load detection module, a power supply module and a display device; the impact load detection module comprises a lower conveyor belt (1) driven by a servo motor (3), a variable frequency speed regulator (4), a support frame (2), a height-adjustable lifting platform (5) and a foil load force sensor (6); the lifting platform (5) is arranged at the end of the lower conveyor belt, and the falling impact condition of corn ears (18) is changed by adjusting the height; the foil load force sensor (6) is fixed at the center of the lifting platform to detect the impact load in real time; the kneading load detection module comprises an upper conveyor belt (1) driven by a small servo motor (8) A conveyor belt (7), a small variable frequency speed regulator (9), a full-bridge strain gauge sensor (10), a piezoelectric ceramic sensor (17), and an angle and height adjustable bracket assembly; the full-bridge strain gauge sensor (10) is attached to the surface of the lower end shaft of the upper conveyor belt to detect instantaneous kneading load; the piezoelectric ceramic sensor (17) is fixed to the middle of the upper conveyor belt through a sensor housing (16) to detect the full-course kneading load; when the upper and lower conveyor belts work in coordination, three threshing modes of moving kneading, rotating kneading, and combined kneading are realized through differential motion; the display device displays impact and kneading load data in real time.

2. The corn ear impact rubbing threshing load collaborative detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the impact load detection module: the servo motor (3) is fixed to the side of the lower conveyor belt (1) by bolts, and the variable frequency speed regulator (4) realizes stepless speed regulation; the lifting platform (5) adjusts the height by rotating the handle, so that the corn ear (18) falls accurately to the center of the foil load force sensor (6).

3. The corn ear impact rubbing threshing load collaborative detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket assembly of the kneading load detection module comprises: an angle adjustment plate (11) connecting the upper conveyor belt (7) and the first bracket (14), and changing the angle of the conveyor belt through the adjustment bolt in the annular groove; a second bracket (15) nested with the first bracket (14), and adjusting the height of the upper conveyor belt through the limit slider (12) and the plum handle screw (13).

4. The corn ear impact rubbing threshing load collaborative detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle adjustment plate (11) is fastened to the side plate of the upper conveyor belt (7) and the first bracket (14) by means of adjustment bolts and hexagonal nuts, and the adjustment accuracy is ±1°.

5. The corn ear impact rubbing threshing load collaborative detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric ceramic sensor (17) is fixed to the middle shaft of the upper conveyor belt (7) through four sensor housings (16), forming a symmetrically distributed sensor assembly.

6. The corn ear impact rubbing threshing load collaborative detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three threshing modes are specifically: moving kneading: the lower conveyor belt (1) is running, the upper conveyor belt (7) is stopped, and the corn ears are horizontally moved and kneaded; rotating kneading: the upper conveyor belt (7) is running, the lower conveyor belt (1) is stopped, and the corn ears are plane rotated and kneaded; combined kneading: the upper and lower conveyor belts are operated at differential speeds, and the corn ears are moved and rotated at the same time and are compound kneaded.

7. The corn ear impact rubbing threshing load collaborative detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply module includes: a 5V power supply to power the sensor, a 24V power supply to drive the servo motor, and a 220V AC power supply as the total input.

8. The corn ear impact rubbing threshing load collaborative detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display device includes a USB data acquisition card and a human-machine interface, which displays load waveforms and values ​​in real time and supports data export and analysis.

9. The corn ear impact rubbing threshing load collaborative detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first bracket (14) is a European standard 4040 aluminum profile bracket, and the second bracket (15) is a European standard 6262 aluminum profile bracket; the adjustment bolt is a fine thread, with an adjustment range of 0-25mm and an accuracy of ±1mm; the plum handle screw (13) adopts an M10 specification to ensure that the bracket is firmly connected.

10. The corn ear impact rubbing threshing load collaborative detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data of the full-bridge strain gauge sensor (10) and the piezoelectric ceramic sensor (17) are integrated to realize continuous monitoring of the rubbing load of the corn ears from contact to separation from the upper conveyor belt.

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