Data processing method and system for automatic monitoring of water quality

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring, in particular to a data processing method and system for automatic water quality monitoring, and the data processing method comprises the following steps: S1, constructing a historical database; s2, sorting the monitoring points, and marking a target monitoring point and an auxiliary monitoring point; s3, updating a monitoring instruction; and S4, executing the monitoring instruction, and uploading the real-time water quality parameter value to a database of a monitoring center. By analyzing the historical monitoring data between the auxiliary monitoring point and the target monitoring point, the water quality parameter type needing to be monitored in the monitoring process can be recommended to the target monitoring point, unnecessary detection items are reduced, the monitoring efficiency is improved, redundant data collection is avoided, resource waste is reduced, and according to the data analysis result, the monitoring efficiency is improved. The monitoring instruction of the target monitoring point is automatically updated, intelligent management of the monitoring task is realized, and the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring result are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring, and in particular to a data processing method and system for automatic water quality monitoring. Background Art

[0002] Water quality monitoring refers to the activity of testing, analyzing and evaluating the physical, chemical, biological and other indicators of water bodies using scientific and technological methods and professional skills in accordance with relevant standards and other regulations. Its main purpose is to accurately, timely and comprehensively reflect the current status and development trend of water quality, and provide a scientific basis for water environment management, pollution source control, environmental planning, etc.

[0003] At present, water quality monitoring generally has automatic monitoring points and sets monitoring time intervals, so that the monitoring points will automatically monitor the water quality after the set time, and upload and store the data. However, since the information between the monitoring points is not updated in time, when two adjacent monitoring points conduct water quality monitoring at a similar time, the values ​​monitored by some water quality parameters are the same, resulting in data duplication and occupying storage resources. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a data processing method and system for automatic water quality monitoring to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a data processing method for automatic water quality monitoring, the data processing method comprising the following steps: Step S1, deploy multiple monitoring points in the water area to be monitored, and set a sampling interval for each monitoring point, collect various water quality parameters of the water area to be monitored through the monitoring points, mark each monitoring process as a monitoring event, and generate monitoring data corresponding to the monitoring event, store it in time series, and build a historical database; Step S2, sorting all monitoring points according to the flow direction of water flow, when a monitoring point receives a monitoring instruction, it is used as a target monitoring point, and the monitoring point upstream of the sorted target monitoring point is marked as an auxiliary monitoring point; Step S3, extracting all historical monitoring data of the auxiliary monitoring points and the target monitoring points, and recommending the types of water quality parameters to be monitored at the target monitoring points by analyzing the changes in the water quality parameters in the historical monitoring data, and updating the monitoring instructions; Step S4: execute the update monitoring instruction on the target monitoring point, obtain the real-time water quality parameter value, and upload the real-time water quality parameter value to the database of the monitoring center.

[0006] The step S1 comprises: S1-1. Arrange multiple monitoring points according to the geographical features and water flow direction of the water area to be monitored, and the monitoring points include fixed monitoring stations and mobile monitoring equipment; S1-2, set the initial sampling interval for each monitoring point, and set the sampling frequency for each monitoring point; S1-3, real-time collection of various water quality parameters at each monitoring point, the types of water quality parameters including pH value, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus; S1-4, each monitoring process performed by the monitoring point is marked as a monitoring event, and a unique identifier is generated for each monitoring event, and the monitoring events are sorted in time series; and each monitoring event corresponds to a record of monitoring data, and the monitoring data includes water quality parameter type, water quality parameter value, monitoring time, monitoring point location and monitoring event identifier; S1-5. The monitoring data is sent to the monitoring center via wireless transmission technology and stored in time series to form a historical database.

[0007] The step S2 comprises: S2-1, obtain the water flow direction of the water area to be monitored through real-time flow sensors, and determine the upstream and downstream relationship of each monitoring point; S2-2, sorting all monitoring points from upstream to downstream according to the water flow direction to generate a monitoring point sequence; S2-3, when a monitoring point receives a monitoring instruction, it is marked as a target monitoring point, wherein the monitoring instruction is to start the water quality monitoring process, and in the sorted monitoring point sequence, the monitoring point adjacent to the upstream of the target monitoring point is marked as an auxiliary monitoring point; S2-4. If the water flow direction changes, dynamically adjust the order of monitoring points and the marking of auxiliary monitoring points.

[0008] The step S3 comprises: S3-1. Mark all monitoring events of the auxiliary monitoring points as first target events from the historical database, mark all monitoring events of the target monitoring points as second target events, sort the first target events and the second target events in time series, and form a reference group with the first target events and the second target events adjacent to each other after sorting, wherein one reference group includes one first target event and one second target event, and the monitoring time of the first target event is before the monitoring time of the second target event; Obtain the water quality parameter type and water quality parameter value corresponding to the first target event and the second target event in the reference group. If the water quality parameter values ​​of the same type are the same in the same reference group, calculate the time interval between the monitoring times of the first target event and the second target event, and mark it as time difference one; Obtain all time differences corresponding to the same type of water quality parameter, calculate the average of the time differences, and use it as the safe time interval for the water quality parameter of this type; Calculate the safe time interval corresponding to each type of water quality parameter; S3-2, marking the time interval between the monitoring time of the last monitoring event of the auxiliary monitoring point and the monitoring time when the target monitoring point starts to perform monitoring as time difference 2; S3-3, extracting the type of water quality parameter corresponding to the time difference being less than the safe time interval, and marking the type of water quality parameter as not requiring monitoring; S3-4, eliminate the types of water quality parameters that do not need to be tested, and use the remaining types of water quality parameters that need to be tested as the types of water quality parameters that need to be monitored at the recommended target monitoring points, update the monitoring instructions of the target monitoring points, and the monitoring instructions include the types of water quality parameters to be monitored, and send the updated monitoring instructions to the target monitoring points.

[0009] The step S4 comprises: S4-1, sending an updated monitoring instruction to the target monitoring point, and collecting water quality parameter values ​​of the water area to be monitored according to the water quality parameter types in the updated monitoring instruction; S4-2, preprocessing the collected real-time water quality parameter values, wherein the preprocessing includes denoising, data verification and format standardization, and marking and re-detecting abnormal data; S4-3, sending the pre-processed real-time water quality parameter values ​​to the monitoring center through wireless transmission technology. After receiving the real-time water quality parameter values, the monitoring center stores them in the database and associates them with historical data, marking the detection time, monitoring point location and monitoring event identifier; S4-4. Update the historical database and analyze the real-time water quality parameter values. If abnormal water quality is detected, trigger the early warning mechanism.

[0010] A data processing system for automatic water quality monitoring, which is applied to a data processing method for automatic water quality monitoring, the data processing system includes a layout acquisition module, a target marking module, an instruction update module and a data upload module; Deployment and collection module: used to deploy multiple monitoring points in the water area to be monitored, and set the sampling interval time for each monitoring point; collect various water quality parameters of the water area to be monitored through the monitoring points, mark each monitoring process as a monitoring event, and generate monitoring data corresponding to the monitoring event; store the monitoring data in time series and build a historical database; Target marking module: used to sort all monitoring points according to the flow direction of water; when a monitoring point receives a monitoring instruction, it is used as the target monitoring point, and the monitoring point upstream of the sorted target monitoring point is marked as an auxiliary monitoring point; Instruction update module: used to extract all historical monitoring data of auxiliary monitoring points and target monitoring points; recommend the types of water quality parameters to be monitored at the target monitoring points by analyzing the changes in water quality parameters in historical monitoring data; update the monitoring instructions of the target monitoring points according to the recommended results; Data upload module: used to execute updated monitoring instructions on target monitoring points to obtain real-time water quality parameter values; upload real-time water quality parameter values ​​to the database of the monitoring center.

[0011] The deployment and collection module includes a monitoring point setting unit, a collection unit, an event division unit and a database establishment unit; The monitoring point setting unit is used to arrange multiple monitoring points, set an initial sampling interval for each monitoring point, and set a sampling frequency for each monitoring point; The collection unit is used to collect various water quality parameters; The event division unit is used to mark each monitoring process performed by the monitoring point as a monitoring event, generate a unique identifier for each monitoring event, and sort the monitoring events according to the time series; The database establishment unit is used to send the monitoring data to the monitoring center through wireless transmission technology, and store it in time series to form a historical database.

[0012] The target marking module includes a sorting unit and a dividing unit; The sorting unit is used to sort all monitoring points from upstream to downstream according to the water flow direction to generate a monitoring point sequence; The division unit is used to mark a certain monitoring point as a target monitoring point when it receives a monitoring instruction, wherein the monitoring instruction is to start a water quality monitoring process, and in the sorted monitoring point sequence, mark the adjacent monitoring point upstream of the target monitoring point as an auxiliary monitoring point.

[0013] The instruction update module includes a safety time calculation unit, a removal unit and an update unit; The safety time calculation unit is used to mark all monitoring events of the auxiliary monitoring point as the first target event from the historical database, and mark all monitoring events of the target monitoring point as the second target event. If the first target event and the second target event have the same water quality parameter value, the time interval between the monitoring times of the first target event and the second target event is calculated and marked as time difference one; Obtain all time differences corresponding to the same type of water quality parameter, calculate the average of the time differences, and use it as the safe time interval for the water quality parameter of this type; The elimination unit is used to mark the time interval between the monitoring time of the last monitoring event of the auxiliary monitoring point and the monitoring time when the target monitoring point starts to perform monitoring as time difference 2, and extract the water quality parameter type corresponding to the time difference 2 being less than the safe time interval, and mark the water quality parameter type as not requiring monitoring, and eliminate the water quality parameter type that does not need to be detected; The updating unit is used to take the remaining types of water quality parameters to be detected as the types of water quality parameters to be monitored at the recommended target monitoring points, and update the monitoring instructions of the target monitoring points.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By analyzing the historical monitoring data between the auxiliary monitoring points and the target monitoring points, the present invention can recommend the types of water quality parameters that need to be monitored to the target monitoring points, reduce unnecessary detection items, improve monitoring efficiency, avoid redundant data collection, and reduce resource waste. According to the data analysis results, the monitoring instructions of the target monitoring points are automatically updated to realize the intelligent management of monitoring tasks and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a data processing method for automatic water quality monitoring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Embodiment 1: Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a data processing method for automatic water quality monitoring, the data processing method comprising the following steps: Step S1, deploy multiple monitoring points in the water area to be monitored, and set a sampling interval for each monitoring point, collect various water quality parameters of the water area to be monitored through the monitoring points, mark each monitoring process as a monitoring event, and generate monitoring data corresponding to the monitoring event, store it in time series, and build a historical database; The step S1 comprises: S1-1. Arrange multiple monitoring points according to the geographical features and water flow direction of the water area to be monitored, and the monitoring points include fixed monitoring stations and mobile monitoring equipment; S1-2, set the initial sampling interval for each monitoring point, and set the sampling frequency for each monitoring point; S1-3, real-time collection of various water quality parameters at each monitoring point, the types of water quality parameters including pH value, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus; S1-4, each monitoring process performed by the monitoring point is marked as a monitoring event, and a unique identifier is generated for each monitoring event, and the monitoring events are sorted in time series; and each monitoring event corresponds to a record of monitoring data, and the monitoring data includes water quality parameter type, water quality parameter value, monitoring time, monitoring point location and monitoring event identifier; S1-5. The monitoring data is sent to the monitoring center via wireless transmission technology and stored in time series to form a historical database.

[0018] Step S2, sorting all monitoring points according to the flow direction of water flow, when a monitoring point receives a monitoring instruction, it is used as a target monitoring point, and the monitoring point upstream of the sorted target monitoring point is marked as an auxiliary monitoring point; The step S2 comprises: S2-1, obtain the water flow direction of the water area to be monitored through real-time flow sensors, and determine the upstream and downstream relationship of each monitoring point; S2-2, sorting all monitoring points from upstream to downstream according to the water flow direction to generate a monitoring point sequence; S2-3, when a monitoring point receives a monitoring instruction, it is marked as a target monitoring point, wherein the monitoring instruction is to start the water quality monitoring process, and in the sorted monitoring point sequence, the monitoring point adjacent to the upstream of the target monitoring point is marked as an auxiliary monitoring point; S2-4. If the water flow direction changes, dynamically adjust the order of monitoring points and the marking of auxiliary monitoring points.

[0019] Step S3, extracting all historical monitoring data of the auxiliary monitoring points and the target monitoring points, and recommending the types of water quality parameters to be monitored at the target monitoring points by analyzing the changes in the water quality parameters in the historical monitoring data, and updating the monitoring instructions; The step S3 comprises: S3-1. Mark all monitoring events of the auxiliary monitoring points as first target events from the historical database, mark all monitoring events of the target monitoring points as second target events, sort the first target events and the second target events in time series, and form a reference group with the first target events and the second target events adjacent to each other after sorting, wherein one reference group includes one first target event and one second target event, and the monitoring time of the first target event is before the monitoring time of the second target event; Obtain the water quality parameter type and water quality parameter value corresponding to the first target event and the second target event in the reference group. If the water quality parameter values ​​of the same type are the same in the same reference group, calculate the time interval between the monitoring times of the first target event and the second target event, and mark it as time difference one; Obtain all time differences corresponding to the same type of water quality parameter, calculate the average of the time differences, and use it as the safe time interval for the water quality parameter of this type; Calculate the safe time interval corresponding to each type of water quality parameter; S3-2, marking the time interval between the monitoring time of the last monitoring event of the auxiliary monitoring point and the monitoring time when the target monitoring point starts to perform monitoring as time difference 2; S3-3, extracting the type of water quality parameter corresponding to the time difference being less than the safe time interval, and marking the type of water quality parameter as not requiring monitoring; S3-4, eliminate the types of water quality parameters that do not need to be tested, and use the remaining types of water quality parameters that need to be tested as the types of water quality parameters that need to be monitored at the recommended target monitoring points, update the monitoring instructions of the target monitoring points, and the monitoring instructions include the types of water quality parameters to be monitored, and send the updated monitoring instructions to the target monitoring points.

[0020] Specifically, since the initial monitoring time of each monitoring point is different, even if the monitoring interval is set to the same, for example, the monitoring process is performed once every four hours, the time difference between the subsequent monitoring processes of the two monitoring points will gradually shorten. For example, the first monitoring point performs a monitoring process at 13:00, and the second monitoring point performs a monitoring process at 13:30. The time difference between the two monitoring points is only half an hour. In a short time difference, the data of some water quality parameters will not change significantly. If the data of such water quality parameters are repeatedly collected, storage space will be occupied and resources will be wasted. When the target monitoring point receives the execution monitoring command, the monitoring data of the last monitoring at its upstream auxiliary monitoring point is obtained at this time. By measuring the time, the time difference between the two can be obtained. In the historical data, the time period in which each type of water quality parameter will not change within a certain period of time is analyzed, and it is used as a safe time interval. The water quality parameters corresponding to the time difference less than the safe time interval are marked as not requiring monitoring. After eliminating them, the remaining water quality monitoring types form updated monitoring instructions. The target monitoring points only need to monitor according to the updated monitoring instructions, and do not monitor the water quality parameter types that have not changed. This can reduce the waste of monitoring resources, reduce the storage space occupied by redundant duplicate data, and improve monitoring efficiency. The safe time intervals and time differences used above are converted into numerical values ​​without units for comparison.

[0021] Step S4: execute the update monitoring instruction on the target monitoring point, obtain the real-time water quality parameter value, and upload the real-time water quality parameter value to the database of the monitoring center.

[0022] The step S4 comprises: S4-1, sending an updated monitoring instruction to the target monitoring point, and collecting water quality parameter values ​​of the water area to be monitored according to the water quality parameter types in the updated monitoring instruction; S4-2, preprocessing the collected real-time water quality parameter values, wherein the preprocessing includes denoising, data verification and format standardization, and marking and re-detecting abnormal data; S4-3, sending the pre-processed real-time water quality parameter values ​​to the monitoring center through wireless transmission technology. After receiving the real-time water quality parameter values, the monitoring center stores them in the database and associates them with historical data, marking the detection time, monitoring point location and monitoring event identifier; S4-4. Update the historical database and analyze the real-time water quality parameter values. If abnormal water quality is detected, trigger the early warning mechanism.

[0023] Embodiment 2: A data processing system for automatic water quality monitoring, the data processing system comprising a deployment collection module, a target marking module, an instruction update module and a data upload module; Deployment and collection module: used to deploy multiple monitoring points in the water area to be monitored, and set the sampling interval time for each monitoring point; collect various water quality parameters of the water area to be monitored through the monitoring points, mark each monitoring process as a monitoring event, and generate monitoring data corresponding to the monitoring event; store the monitoring data in time series and build a historical database; Target marking module: used to sort all monitoring points according to the flow direction of water; when a monitoring point receives a monitoring instruction, it is used as the target monitoring point, and the monitoring point upstream of the sorted target monitoring point is marked as an auxiliary monitoring point; Instruction update module: used to extract all historical monitoring data of auxiliary monitoring points and target monitoring points; recommend the types of water quality parameters to be monitored at the target monitoring points by analyzing the changes in water quality parameters in historical monitoring data; update the monitoring instructions of the target monitoring points according to the recommended results; Data upload module: used to execute updated monitoring instructions on target monitoring points to obtain real-time water quality parameter values; upload real-time water quality parameter values ​​to the database of the monitoring center.

[0024] The deployment and collection module includes a monitoring point setting unit, a collection unit, an event division unit and a database establishment unit; The monitoring point setting unit is used to arrange multiple monitoring points, set an initial sampling interval for each monitoring point, and set a sampling frequency for each monitoring point; The collection unit is used to collect various water quality parameters; The event division unit is used to mark each monitoring process performed by the monitoring point as a monitoring event, generate a unique identifier for each monitoring event, and sort the monitoring events according to the time series; The database establishment unit is used to send the monitoring data to the monitoring center through wireless transmission technology, and store it in time series to form a historical database.

[0025] The target marking module includes a sorting unit and a dividing unit; The sorting unit is used to sort all monitoring points from upstream to downstream according to the water flow direction to generate a monitoring point sequence; The division unit is used to mark a certain monitoring point as a target monitoring point when it receives a monitoring instruction, wherein the monitoring instruction is to start a water quality monitoring process, and in the sorted monitoring point sequence, mark the adjacent monitoring point upstream of the target monitoring point as an auxiliary monitoring point.

[0026] The instruction update module includes a safety time calculation unit, a removal unit and an update unit; The safety time calculation unit is used to mark all monitoring events of the auxiliary monitoring point as the first target event from the historical database, and mark all monitoring events of the target monitoring point as the second target event. If the first target event and the second target event have the same water quality parameter value, the time interval between the monitoring times of the first target event and the second target event is calculated and marked as time difference one; Obtain all time differences corresponding to the same type of water quality parameter, calculate the average of the time differences, and use it as the safe time interval for the water quality parameter of this type; The elimination unit is used to mark the time interval between the monitoring time of the last monitoring event of the auxiliary monitoring point and the monitoring time when the target monitoring point starts to perform monitoring as time difference 2, and extract the water quality parameter type corresponding to the time difference 2 being less than the safe time interval, and mark the water quality parameter type as not requiring monitoring, and eliminate the water quality parameter type that does not need to be detected; The updating unit is used to take the remaining types of water quality parameters to be detected as the types of water quality parameters to be monitored at the recommended target monitoring points, and update the monitoring instructions of the target monitoring points.

[0027] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A data processing method for automatic water quality monitoring, characterized in that: The data processing method comprises the following steps: Step S1, deploy multiple monitoring points in the water area to be monitored, and set a sampling interval for each monitoring point, collect various water quality parameters of the water area to be monitored through the monitoring points, mark each monitoring process as a monitoring event, and generate monitoring data corresponding to the monitoring event, store it in time series, and build a historical database; Step S2, sorting all monitoring points according to the flow direction of water flow, when a monitoring point receives a monitoring instruction, it is used as a target monitoring point, and the monitoring point upstream of the sorted target monitoring point is marked as an auxiliary monitoring point; Step S3, extracting all historical monitoring data of the auxiliary monitoring points and the target monitoring points, and recommending the types of water quality parameters to be monitored at the target monitoring points by analyzing the changes in the water quality parameters in the historical monitoring data, and updating the monitoring instructions; Step S4: Execute the update monitoring instruction on the target monitoring point, obtain the real-time water quality parameter value, and upload the real-time water quality parameter value to the database of the monitoring center; The step S3 comprises: S3-1. Mark all monitoring events of the auxiliary monitoring points as first target events from the historical database, mark all monitoring events of the target monitoring points as second target events, sort the first target events and the second target events in time series, and form a reference group with the first target events and the second target events adjacent to each other after sorting, wherein one reference group includes one first target event and one second target event, and the monitoring time of the first target event is before the monitoring time of the second target event; Obtain the water quality parameter type and water quality parameter value corresponding to the first target event and the second target event in the reference group. If the water quality parameter values ​​of the same type are the same in the same reference group, calculate the time interval between the monitoring times of the first target event and the second target event, and mark it as time difference one; Obtain all time differences corresponding to the same type of water quality parameter, calculate the average of the time differences, and use it as the safe time interval for the water quality parameter of this type; Calculate the safe time interval corresponding to each type of water quality parameter; S3-2, marking the time interval between the monitoring time of the last monitoring event of the auxiliary monitoring point and the monitoring time when the target monitoring point starts to perform monitoring as time difference 2; S3-3, extracting the type of water quality parameter corresponding to the time difference being less than the safe time interval, and marking the type of water quality parameter as not requiring monitoring; S3-4, eliminate the types of water quality parameters that do not need to be tested, and use the remaining types of water quality parameters that need to be tested as the types of water quality parameters that need to be monitored at the recommended target monitoring points, update the monitoring instructions of the target monitoring points, and the monitoring instructions include the types of water quality parameters to be monitored, and send the updated monitoring instructions to the target monitoring points.

2. A data processing method for automatic water quality monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 comprises: S1-1. Arrange multiple monitoring points according to the geographical features and water flow direction of the water area to be monitored, and the monitoring points include fixed monitoring stations and mobile monitoring equipment; S1-2, set the initial sampling interval for each monitoring point, and set the sampling frequency for each monitoring point; S1-3, real-time collection of various water quality parameters at each monitoring point, the types of water quality parameters including pH value, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus; S1-4, each monitoring process performed by the monitoring point is marked as a monitoring event, and a unique identifier is generated for each monitoring event, and the monitoring events are sorted in time series; and each monitoring event corresponds to a record of monitoring data, and the monitoring data includes water quality parameter type, water quality parameter value, monitoring time, monitoring point location and monitoring event identifier; S1-5. The monitoring data is sent to the monitoring center via wireless transmission technology and stored in time series to form a historical database.

3. A data processing method for automatic water quality monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: S2-1, obtain the water flow direction of the water area to be monitored through real-time flow sensors, and determine the upstream and downstream relationship of each monitoring point; S2-2, sorting all monitoring points from upstream to downstream according to the water flow direction to generate a monitoring point sequence; S2-3, when a monitoring point receives a monitoring instruction, it is marked as a target monitoring point, wherein the monitoring instruction is to start the water quality monitoring process, and in the sorted monitoring point sequence, the monitoring point adjacent to the upstream of the target monitoring point is marked as an auxiliary monitoring point; S2-4. If the water flow direction changes, dynamically adjust the order of monitoring points and the marking of auxiliary monitoring points.

4. A data processing method for automatic water quality monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 comprises: S4-1, sending an updated monitoring instruction to the target monitoring point, and collecting water quality parameter values ​​of the water area to be monitored according to the water quality parameter types in the updated monitoring instruction; S4-2, preprocessing the collected real-time water quality parameter values, wherein the preprocessing includes denoising, data verification and format standardization, and marking and re-detecting abnormal data; S4-3, sending the pre-processed real-time water quality parameter values ​​to the monitoring center through wireless transmission technology. After receiving the real-time water quality parameter values, the monitoring center stores them in the database and associates them with historical data, marking the detection time, monitoring point location and monitoring event identifier; S4-4. Update the historical database and analyze the real-time water quality parameter values. If abnormal water quality is detected, trigger the early warning mechanism.

5. A data processing system for automatic water quality monitoring, which is applied to a data processing method for automatic water quality monitoring according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The data processing system includes a layout collection module, a target marking module, an instruction update module and a data upload module; Deployment and collection module: used to deploy multiple monitoring points in the waters to be monitored and set the sampling interval for each monitoring point; Collect various water quality parameters of the water area to be monitored through monitoring points, mark each monitoring process as a monitoring event, and generate monitoring data corresponding to the monitoring event; store the monitoring data in time series to build a historical database; Target marking module: used to sort all monitoring points according to the flow direction of water; when a monitoring point receives a monitoring instruction, it is used as the target monitoring point, and the monitoring point upstream of the sorted target monitoring point is marked as an auxiliary monitoring point; Instruction update module: used to extract all historical monitoring data of auxiliary monitoring points and target monitoring points; by analyzing the changes in water quality parameters in historical monitoring data, recommend the types of water quality parameters that need to be monitored at the target monitoring points; Update the monitoring instructions of the target monitoring points according to the recommendation results; Data upload module: used to execute updated monitoring instructions on target monitoring points and obtain real-time water quality parameter values; Upload real-time water quality parameter values ​​to the monitoring center's database.

6. A data processing system for automatic water quality monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that: The deployment and collection module includes a monitoring point setting unit, a collection unit, an event division unit and a database establishment unit; The monitoring point setting unit is used to arrange multiple monitoring points, set an initial sampling interval for each monitoring point, and set a sampling frequency for each monitoring point; The collection unit is used to collect various water quality parameters; The event division unit is used to mark each monitoring process performed by the monitoring point as a monitoring event, generate a unique identifier for each monitoring event, and sort the monitoring events according to the time series; The database establishment unit is used to send the monitoring data to the monitoring center through wireless transmission technology, and store it in time series to form a historical database.

7. A data processing system for automatic water quality monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that: The target marking module includes a sorting unit and a dividing unit; The sorting unit is used to sort all monitoring points from upstream to downstream according to the water flow direction to generate a monitoring point sequence; The division unit is used to mark a certain monitoring point as a target monitoring point when it receives a monitoring instruction, wherein the monitoring instruction is to start a water quality monitoring process, and in the sorted monitoring point sequence, mark the adjacent monitoring point upstream of the target monitoring point as an auxiliary monitoring point.

8. A data processing system for automatic water quality monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that: The instruction update module includes a safety time calculation unit, a removal unit and an update unit; The safety time calculation unit is used to mark all monitoring events of the auxiliary monitoring point as the first target event from the historical database, and mark all monitoring events of the target monitoring point as the second target event. If the first target event and the second target event have the same water quality parameter value, the time interval between the monitoring times of the first target event and the second target event is calculated and marked as time difference one; Obtain all time differences corresponding to the same type of water quality parameter, calculate the average of the time differences, and use it as the safe time interval for the water quality parameter of this type; The elimination unit is used to mark the time interval between the monitoring time of the last monitoring event of the auxiliary monitoring point and the monitoring time when the target monitoring point starts to perform monitoring as time difference 2, and extract the water quality parameter type corresponding to the time difference 2 being less than the safe time interval, and mark the water quality parameter type as not requiring monitoring, and eliminate the water quality parameter type that does not need to be detected; The updating unit is used to take the remaining types of water quality parameters to be detected as the types of water quality parameters to be monitored at the recommended target monitoring points, and update the monitoring instructions of the target monitoring points.

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