Geological deposition image generation method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a geological deposition image generation method and device, a storage medium and electronic equipment. The method comprises the steps that target data of a target area are acquired, and the target data at least comprise drilling data, seismic data and geological detection data of the target area; the stratigraphic sequence and the structural features of the target area are analyzed based on the target data, a standard layer of the target area is determined, and the standard layer at least comprises a coal rock layer; performing paleocurrent environment analysis on the target data based on the hydrodynamic force of the standard layer and the paleolandform of the standard layer to obtain a paleocurrent environment of the standard layer; the paleocurrent environment of a target layer of the target area is predicted based on the paleocurrent environment of the standard layer, a sedimentary image is generated, and the target layer is a geological layer containing the target substance. The technical problem that the oil-gas exploration efficiency is low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploration, and in particular to a geological sedimentation image generation method, device, storage medium and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] Sedimentary phase research is the basis of reservoir characteristic research and reservoir prediction. Therefore, sedimentary reservoir research is crucial in today's oil and gas exploration process. There are many different geological deposition methods. Among them, terrestrial coal-bearing strata can be both good source rock layers and good reservoirs. They are an important field of oil exploration, and sedimentary research plays a key role in solving the distribution characteristics of source rocks and reservoir prediction. At present, conventional sedimentary research methods are affected by many factors. For example, a large amount of geological data is required, especially the collection of some special project data, which will greatly increase research funds and research cycles. The high research cost and long cycle cannot meet the needs of efficient oil field research, which makes oil and gas exploration less efficient.

[0003] To address the above-mentioned problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a geological sedimentation image generation method, device, storage medium and electronic device to at least solve the technical problem of low efficiency in oil and gas exploration.

[0005] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for generating a geological sedimentary image is provided, comprising: acquiring target data of a target area, the target data comprising at least drilling data, seismic data, and geological detection data of the target area; analyzing the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area based on the target data, and determining a standard layer of the target area, the standard layer comprising at least a coal rock layer; analyzing the paleoflow environment of the target data based on the hydrodynamics of the standard layer and the paleogeography of the standard layer, and obtaining the paleoflow environment of the standard layer; predicting the paleoflow environment of a target layer in the target area based on the paleoflow environment of the standard layer, and generating a sedimentary image, wherein the target layer is a geological layer containing a target substance.

[0006] Optionally, the method also includes: conducting joint well-seismic interpretation of the standard layer to determine the geomorphic change laws of different geological layers contained in the standard layer; establishing a stratigraphic evolution model based on the geomorphic change laws, wherein the stratigraphic evolution model is used to characterize the geomorphic change laws of different stratigraphic layers; and predicting the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer based on the stratigraphic evolution model and the geomorphic characteristics of the standard layer.

[0007] Optionally, the method further includes: performing characteristic analysis on coal rocks with environmental indicative functions in the standard layer to obtain coal rock characteristics; and determining the hydrodynamics of the standard layer based on the coal rock characteristics and the predicted planar coal rocks in the standard layer.

[0008] Optionally, characteristic analysis is performed on the coal rocks with environmental indication in the standard layer to obtain coal rock characteristics, including: analyzing the development of the coal rocks with environmental indication in the standard layer to determine the development characteristics of the coal rocks; analyzing the thickness of the coal rocks with environmental indication in the standard layer to determine the thickness characteristics of the coal rocks; performing characteristic analysis on the seismic reflection of the coal rocks with environmental indication in the standard layer to determine the seismic reflection characteristics of the coal rocks; and summarizing the development characteristics, thickness characteristics and seismic reflection characteristics to obtain coal rock characteristics.

[0009] Optionally, predicting the paleo-flow environment of the target layer based on the target result and generating a sedimentary image includes: performing a sedimentary cycle analysis on the target result to obtain the paleo-flow environment of the target layer; and generating a sedimentary image based on the paleo-flow environment of the target layer.

[0010] Optionally, the paleoflow environment of the target layer in the target area is predicted based on the paleoflow environment of the standard layer to generate a sedimentary image, including: identifying the existing rocks in the standard layer, the heavy minerals in the standard layer, and gravity and magnetism to obtain identification results; correcting the paleoflow environment based on the identification results to obtain a corrected paleoflow environment; and generating a sedimentary image based on the corrected paleoflow environment.

[0011] Optionally, the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area are analyzed based on the target data to determine the standard layer of the target area, including: performing downhole stratigraphic lithofacies analysis, electrical characteristic analysis, and seismic reflection characteristic analysis based on the target data to obtain analysis results; and determining the standard layer based on the analysis results.

[0012] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a geological sedimentation image generating device is also provided, including: an acquisition module, for acquiring target data of a target area, the target data at least including drilling data, seismic data, and geological detection data of the target area; a determination module, for analyzing the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area based on the target data, and determining a standard layer of the target area, the standard layer at least including a coal rock layer; an analysis module, for performing paleo-water flow environment analysis on the target data based on the hydrodynamics of the standard layer and the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer, and obtaining the paleo-water flow environment of the standard layer; a prediction module, for predicting the paleo-water flow environment of a target layer of the target area based on the paleo-water flow environment of the standard layer, and generating a sedimentation image, the target layer being a geological layer containing a target substance.

[0013] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein when the program is executed, a processor of a device is controlled to execute any one of the above methods.

[0014] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs; and when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors execute any one of the above methods.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present invention, target data of a target area is acquired, and the target data includes at least drilling data, seismic data, and geological detection data of the target area; the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area are analyzed based on the target data to determine the standard layer of the target area, and the standard layer includes at least a coal rock layer; the paleo-flow environment of the target data is analyzed based on the hydrodynamics of the standard layer and the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer to obtain the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer; the paleo-flow environment of the target layer of the target area is predicted based on the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer, and a sedimentary image is generated. The target layer is a geological layer containing a target material. It is easy to notice that the paleo-flow environment of the target data can be analyzed based on the hydrodynamics of the standard layer and the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer to obtain the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer, and the paleo-flow environment of the target layer of the target area can be predicted using the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer, and a sedimentary image is further generated, so that the sedimentary image can be used to conduct sedimentary phase research in the process of oil and gas exploration, thereby reducing the research cost of oil and gas exploration, shortening the research cycle of oil and gas exploration, and thereby improving the efficiency of oil and gas exploration, and solving the technical problem of low efficiency of oil and gas exploration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for generating a geological sedimentation image according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a stratigraphic sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a paleo-geomorphology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of a standard bottom coal seam thickness according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4b is a schematic diagram of the thickness of a coal seam in the middle of a standard layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4c is a schematic diagram of a standard top coal seam thickness according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a geological sedimentation image generation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a geological sedimentation image generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a method for generating a geological sedimentation image is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0029] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for generating a geological sedimentation image according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0030] Step S102, acquiring target data of the target area, the target data at least including drilling data, seismic data, and geological detection data of the target area.

[0031] The above-mentioned target area may be an area where oil and gas exploration is required.

[0032] The drilling data mentioned above may refer to various data obtained during the drilling operation in the target area, including but not limited to formation information, rock properties, wellbore parameters, drilling fluid properties, geological structure, etc. Common drilling data include the following:

[0033] Drilling parameter data: including drilling depth, drill bit position, drilling speed, drill bit rotation speed, drilling fluid flow rate, etc.

[0034] Drilling fluid data: including drilling fluid density, viscosity, solid content, water quality, etc.

[0035] Core data: By taking core samples for laboratory analysis, the physical properties of the rock, such as porosity, permeability, pore structure, saturation, etc., are obtained.

[0036] Well logging data: Well logging tools are used to measure in the well to obtain formation information and rock physical parameters, such as logging curves, resistivity, natural gamma logging, sonic logging, etc.

[0037] Cuttings data: Through the collection and analysis of drilling waste (cuttings), we can understand the rock types and characteristics of the formations within the well.

[0038] The above-mentioned seismic data may be relevant information and statistical data about seismic acquisition. Optionally, the above-mentioned earthquake may be an earthquake simulated by artificial blasting, wherein the seismic data may include seismic acquisition face elements, coverage times, coverage area, seismic reflection amplitude, frequency, phase, waveform, seismic interpretation data, etc.

[0039] The above-mentioned geological detection data can be data obtained by monitoring and analyzing the geological environment through professional instruments and equipment. These data may include information on groundwater level, groundwater quality, soil composition, underground rock structure, underground mineral resources, etc. Optional, common geological detection data include but are not limited to the following categories:

[0040] Groundwater level data: including groundwater level height, fluctuation, etc., used to understand the distribution and changes of groundwater.

[0041] Groundwater quality data: including the content of various chemical substances in groundwater, pH value, conductivity and other indicators, which are used to evaluate the water quality and suitability of groundwater.

[0042] Soil composition data: including indicators such as soil organic matter content, particle composition, texture, etc., which are used to understand soil fertility, water retention capacity and suitability for crop planting.

[0043] Rock structure data: including information such as thickness, distribution, and lithology of underground rock formations, used for geological exploration and engineering design.

[0044] Mineral resource data: includes information on the types, distribution, reserves, etc. of underground mineral resources, used for mineral resource exploration and development.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, when obtaining the target data of the target area, the relevant drilling data can be obtained by contacting the oil company or mining company, the local oil management agency can be contacted to obtain the drilling data, or the drilling data can be purchased from the data supplier or consulting company. Optionally, since the seismic data is generally held by the oil company or mining company, the seismic data can be obtained through the oil company or mining company. Optionally, the geological detection data can be obtained through field collection, instrument measurement, satellite remote sensing, and database query, wherein the field collection can be directly sampled and measured by the geological detection personnel on site to collect geological data, and the commonly used field collection methods include drilling, sampling, geological profile measurement, etc., wherein the instrument measurement can be to measure the groundwater level, crustal movement, geomagnetic field and other geological parameters through the geological detection instrument, wherein the satellite remote sensing can be to obtain the geological information such as the landform, landform change, and surface temperature of the surface through satellite images using satellite remote sensing technology, wherein the database query can be to query the existing geological database by the geological detection personnel to obtain the required geological data, and the geological database usually contains data such as historical earthquakes, geological structures, and geological disasters.

[0046] Step S104, analyzing the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area based on the target data, and determining the standard layer of the target area, wherein the standard layer at least includes the coal rock layer.

[0047] The above-mentioned standard layer can be defined by those skilled in the art according to their own requirements. In the present invention, the standard layer is taken as a coal rock layer as an example for explanation.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, after the drilling data, seismic data, and geological detection data of the target area are obtained, the drilling data, seismic data, and geological detection data of the target area can be analyzed to obtain the stratigraphic sequence of the target area and the result characteristics of the target area. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a stratigraphic sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2As shown, the stratigraphic sequence may include the maximum lake area (MFS), the high-level science territory (HST), the transient storage territory (TST), and the water retreat territory (RST). Optionally, after obtaining the stratigraphic sequence of the target area and the result characteristics of the target area, the standard layer in the target area, that is, the coal rock layer, can be determined according to the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area.

[0049] Step S106, performing paleo-flow environment analysis on the target data based on the hydrodynamics of the standard layer and the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer to obtain the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer.

[0050] The hydrodynamic force of the standard layer mentioned above refers to the force generated when water flows in the standard layer. The standard layer usually contains a large number of pores and cracks, allowing water to flow in it. The hydrodynamic force is mainly affected by the following factors:

[0051] Osmotic pressure: The groundwater in the standard layer will be subjected to the pressure of the overlying rock formation, forming a certain osmotic pressure. The osmotic pressure will drive water to flow from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, generating a certain amount of hydrodynamic force.

[0052] Gravity effect: When groundwater is affected by gravity, it will generate downward hydrodynamic force, which can cause the groundwater to flow downward and form groundwater flow.

[0053] Faults and cracks: There are often faults and cracks in standard layers. These cracks and faults form channels that allow water to pass through. When groundwater flows through these channels, certain hydrodynamics will be generated.

[0054] Influence of surface water: The presence of surface water will also affect the hydrodynamics of the standard layer. For example, when the surface water level is high, the groundwater will be affected by the pressure of the surface water and generate certain hydrodynamics.

[0055] The paleo-geomorphology of the above-mentioned standard layer refers to the geomorphic features formed by paleo-geomorphic processes in the coal mining area. The standard layer is formed by the ancient plant remains after a long period of burial and compaction. Therefore, the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer is usually closely related to the ancient sedimentary environment and geomorphic processes.

[0056] Among them, assuming that the standard layer is a coal rock layer, the paleo-geomorphology can be divided into the following types:

[0057] River paleo-geomorphology: In coal-rock areas, common paleo-geomorphology types are formed by ancient river erosion and sedimentation. These paleo-river channels can be straight, curved, or forked or converging. During coal mining, these paleo-river channels are usually important indicators of coal seam distribution.

[0058] Lake paleo-geomorphology: The remains of ancient lakes are relatively common in coal-rock areas. These lakes may have been formed due to fault activity or river blockage. The ancient shorelines, lake sediments, and lake bottom landforms left by the ancient lakes are of great significance for coal exploration and mining.

[0059] Glacial paleo-geomorphology: In some areas, glacial activity may also have an impact on the paleo-geomorphology of coal rock formations. The melting of glaciers and glacial scouring will change the morphology of the surface and leave different geological features in the coal rock formations, such as moraine and moraine stones.

[0060] Marine paleogeomorphology: In some coal mining areas, there once existed ancient oceans. The deposition of marine sediments will affect the geomorphic characteristics of coal strata. For example, coastlines, sediments of seabed landforms, and sea level changes may provide important references for coal exploration and mining.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, after the hydrodynamics and paleogeography of the standard layer are determined, the drilling data, seismic data, and geological detection data of the target area can be analyzed based on the hydrodynamics and paleogeography of the standard layer to derive the paleowater flow environment of the standard layer.

[0062] Step S108, predicting the paleo-flow environment of the target layer in the target area based on the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer, and generating a sedimentary image, wherein the target layer is a geological layer containing the target material.

[0063] The above-mentioned sedimentary image can be an image that records geological history in geology. It reveals the process and evolution of sedimentation on the earth's surface by observing and analyzing the sediments in the strata. Optionally, the sedimentary image is usually obtained through seismic exploration, core analysis, stratigraphic profile drawing and other methods. It can show different rock layers, lithology and lithology changes in the strata, as well as the distribution of sediments and changes in the sedimentary environment. By interpreting the sedimentary image, geologists can understand information on geological history, crustal movement, climate change and biological evolution. Sedimentary images are an important tool for studying geological history and geological evolution. They can help scientists understand the geological characteristics and sedimentary environment of various regions on the earth, and provide a basis for geological resource exploration and environmental protection.

[0064] The target material may be sandstone, and optionally, the sandstone may contain oil and gas.

[0065] In an optional embodiment, after obtaining the paleo-flowing water environment of the standard layer, the paleo-flowing water of the standard layer can be used to predict the paleo-flowing water environment of the target layer near the standard layer, that is, the paleo-flowing water environment of the sandstone near the coal rock is predicted by the paleo-flowing water environment of the coal rock. Optionally, the following method can be used in the prediction:

[0066] First, collect sandstone samples from the coal rock attachment, that is, select samples with sandstone lithology from the coal rock attachment and take samples. Secondly, conduct petrographic research on sandstone samples, that is, conduct petrographic research on the collected sandstone samples, including observation and analysis of particle composition, rock structure, particle size distribution, etc. Thirdly, compare the paleo-flow characteristics of coal rock and sandstone, that is, compare and analyze the paleo-flow environment characteristics of coal rock, such as coal-containing components, fern fossils, etc., with sandstone samples to find common paleo-flow characteristics. Then, use the paleo-flow environment of coal rock to predict the paleo-flow environment of sandstone, that is, based on the common paleo-flow characteristics between coal rock and sandstone, speculate and predict the paleo-flow environment of sandstone. When predicting, factors such as sedimentary environment, hydrodynamic conditions, and sediment source can be considered. Finally, verify the prediction results, that is, verify whether the predicted sandstone paleo-flow environment is accurate through further field investigation and laboratory analysis.

[0067] In an embodiment of the present invention, target data of a target area is acquired, and the target data includes at least drilling data, seismic data, and geological detection data of the target area; the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area are analyzed based on the target data to determine the standard layer of the target area, and the standard layer includes at least a coal rock layer; the paleo-flow environment of the target data is analyzed based on the hydrodynamics of the standard layer and the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer to obtain the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer; the paleo-flow environment of the target layer of the target area is predicted based on the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer, and a sedimentary image is generated. The target layer is a geological layer containing a target material. It is easy to notice that the paleo-flow environment of the target data can be analyzed based on the hydrodynamics of the standard layer and the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer to obtain the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer, and the paleo-flow environment of the target layer of the target area can be predicted using the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer, and a sedimentary image is further generated, so that the sedimentary image can be used to conduct sedimentary phase research in the process of oil and gas exploration, thereby reducing the research cost of oil and gas exploration, shortening the research cycle of oil and gas exploration, and thereby improving the efficiency of oil and gas exploration, and solving the technical problem of low efficiency of oil and gas exploration.

[0068] Optionally, the method also includes: conducting joint well-seismic interpretation of the standard layer to determine the geomorphic change laws of different geological layers contained in the standard layer; establishing a stratigraphic evolution model based on the geomorphic change laws, wherein the stratigraphic evolution model is used to characterize the geomorphic change laws of different stratigraphic layers; and predicting the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer based on the stratigraphic evolution model and the geomorphic characteristics of the standard layer.

[0069] The above-mentioned well-seismic joint interpretation is a method for jointly processing and interpreting seismic data of multiple wells. In seismic exploration, drilling data and seismic data are usually correlated. These correlations can be used to study the underground geological structure and the distribution of oil and gas reservoirs to obtain more accurate and comprehensive geological information. Through the well-seismic joint interpretation, the characteristics of the underground geological structure can be better understood, potential oil and gas reservoirs can be identified, and more accurate oil and gas resource evaluation can be provided. Optionally, the well-seismic joint interpretation process includes the following steps:

[0070] Data preprocessing: preprocess the collected drilling geological data, including noise removal, instrument response compensation, etc.

[0071] Data matching: Matching drilling geological data with inter-well seismic data to establish correspondence between wells.

[0072] Data correction: Correct the drilling geological data to make it have a consistent time-depth relationship with the inter-well seismic data.

[0073] Data fusion: Drilling geological data is fused with inter-well seismic data to obtain an overall seismic data set.

[0074] Interpretation and analysis: Through the interpretation and analysis of the overall seismic data set, the characteristics of the underground geological structure and the distribution of oil and gas reservoirs can be identified.

[0075] In an optional embodiment, a joint well-seismic interpretation can be performed on the standard layer to determine the geomorphic change laws of different geological layers contained in the standard layer, and a stratigraphic evolution model can be constructed based on the geomorphic change laws of different geological layers. The stratigraphic evolution model can clearly and intuitively display the geomorphic change laws of different stratigraphic layers, so that the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer can be predicted based on the stratigraphic evolution model.

[0076] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a paleo-geomorphology according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the geomorphic change laws of different geological layers contained in the standard layer can be determined, and a stratigraphic evolution model can be established. The areas between different lines in the stratigraphic evolution model are used to represent different areas in the paleo-landform, and the arrows represent the direction of water flow in the paleo-landform.

[0077] Optionally, the method further includes: performing characteristic analysis on coal rocks with environmental indicative functions in the standard layer to obtain coal rock characteristics; and determining the hydrodynamics of the standard layer based on the coal rock characteristics and the predicted planar coal rocks in the standard layer.

[0078] The above-mentioned coal rock with environmental indication function can be a coal rock that can indicate or infer the environment in which it was formed through specific characteristics or components in the coal rock. These characteristics or components can provide information about the ancient environment, ancient climate, ancient topography, etc.

[0079] The above-mentioned planar coal rock may be coal rock distributed in a horizontal or nearly horizontal manner in a stratum formed by a geological structure.

[0080] In an optional embodiment, when performing characteristic analysis on the coal rock with environmental indication in the standard layer, the development characteristics, thickness characteristics, seismic reflection characteristics and other characteristics of the coal rock in the standard layer can be analyzed. Furthermore, the planar coal rock in the standard layer can be predicted according to the geomorphic change laws of different geological layers in the standard layer, and the hydrodynamics of the standard layer can be determined by analyzing the different characteristics of the coal rock in the standard layer and predicting the planar coal rock in the standard layer.

[0081] Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of a standard bottom coal seam thickness according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4a As shown, from the upper right to the lower left, they represent the strong hydrodynamic area and the medium hydrodynamic area respectively. Figure 4b is a schematic diagram of the thickness of the coal seam in the middle of a standard layer according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4b As shown, from the upper right to the lower left, they are respectively the medium-strong hydrodynamic area, the medium hydrodynamic area, and the weak hydrodynamic area. Different areas can be separated by dotted lines. Figure 4c is a schematic diagram of a standard top coal seam thickness according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4c As shown, from the upper right to the lower left, they are respectively the medium-strong hydrodynamic area, the medium hydrodynamic area, and the weak hydrodynamic area. Different areas can be separated by dotted lines.

[0082] Optionally, characteristic analysis is performed on the coal rocks with environmental indication in the standard layer to obtain coal rock characteristics, including: analyzing the development of the coal rocks with environmental indication in the standard layer to determine the development characteristics of the coal rocks; analyzing the thickness of the coal rocks with environmental indication in the standard layer to determine the thickness characteristics of the coal rocks; performing characteristic analysis on the seismic reflection of the coal rocks with environmental indication in the standard layer to determine the seismic reflection characteristics of the coal rocks; and summarizing the development characteristics, thickness characteristics and seismic reflection characteristics to obtain coal rock characteristics.

[0083] In an optional embodiment, when determining the development characteristics of coal and rock, the following method can be used:

[0084] Observation of the occurrence of coal rocks: Observe the occurrence of coal rocks, including inclination, structure, stratigraphy, thickness, etc. Coal rocks are usually distributed in layers with certain inclination and stratigraphic relationships.

[0085] Component analysis of coal rock: Chemical analysis of coal rock is carried out to determine its main components and content. Coal rock is mainly composed of organic matter and inorganic matter. It can only be called coal when the organic matter content is higher than 50%.

[0086] Lithology identification of coal rock: The lithology of coal rock is determined by its physical properties and petrological characteristics. Coal rock is usually black or brown-black, hard in texture, insoluble in water, and easy to burn.

[0087] Evaluation of coal rock coalification degree: Determine the coal rock coalification degree, that is, the coalification degree of organic matter, by observing the coal rock organizational structure and organic matter coalification degree indicators such as reflectivity and porosity under a microscope.

[0088] Calorific value determination of coal rock: The combustion characteristics and energy value of coal rock can be evaluated by measuring the calorific value of coal rock, that is, the heat released by the combustion of a unit mass of coal rock.

[0089] Analysis of the mineral composition of coal rock: By analyzing the mineral composition of coal rock, the main mineral composition and content are determined. Common minerals in coal rock include pyrite, calcite, dolomite, etc.

[0090] In another optional embodiment, when determining the thickness characteristics of coal rock, it can be achieved by the following method:

[0091] Geological exploration: Conducting geological exploration work, including geological profile observation, geological drilling, etc. By observing the profile and core, the distribution and thickness of coal rock can be determined.

[0092] Remote sensing technology: Remote sensing technology, such as satellite remote sensing and aerial remote sensing, is used to interpret coal rock images. By analyzing the grayscale, texture and morphological characteristics of the image, the thickness characteristics of the coal rock can be preliminarily determined.

[0093] Seismic exploration: Using seismic exploration techniques, such as seismic reflection and refraction, by sending seismic waves and recording the reflected or refracted signals and analyzing the changes in the seismic profile, the thickness of underground coal rocks can be inferred.

[0094] Borehole exploration: Borehole exploration is carried out. The core samples obtained through drilling can be used to measure the physical properties of the samples, such as density, wave velocity, etc. Combined with core observations, the thickness of the coal rock can be determined.

[0095] Geological model: The data obtained through the above methods, combined with geological knowledge and experience, can be used to establish a geological model. Through analysis and simulation of the model, the thickness characteristics of the coal rock can be determined.

[0096] In another optional embodiment, the seismic reflection characteristics of coal rock can be determined by the following method:

[0097] Collect geological data: understand the geological background and stratigraphic distribution of coal rocks, including information on the thickness, distribution, and properties of coal seams.

[0098] Design a seismic exploration plan: determine the purpose, scope and parameters of the seismic exploration, including the selection of the exploration area, the layout of seismic instruments, the choice of source parameters, etc.

[0099] Conduct seismic exploration: Conduct seismic exploration in the selected exploration area, including the excitation of the earthquake source and the recording of the received seismic waves.

[0100] Data processing and interpretation: The collected seismic data are processed, including denoising, profile correction, reflection wave calculation, etc., and then the processed data are interpreted to determine the seismic reflection characteristics of coal and rock.

[0101] Seismic inversion and simulation: Based on the exploration results, seismic inversion is performed to verify the accuracy of seismic reflection characteristics by simulating and comparing with actual observation data.

[0102] Furthermore, after obtaining the development characteristics, thickness characteristics and seismic reflection characteristics of the coal rock, the development characteristics, thickness characteristics and seismic reflection characteristics of the coal rock can be summarized to determine the characteristics of the coal rock.

[0103] Optionally, predicting the paleo-flow environment of the target layer based on the target result and generating a sedimentary image includes: performing a sedimentary cycle analysis on the target result to obtain the paleo-flow environment of the target layer; and generating a sedimentary image based on the paleo-flow environment of the target layer.

[0104] In an optional embodiment, after obtaining the paleo-flowing water environment of the standard layer, a sedimentary cycle analysis may be performed on the paleo-flowing water environment of the standard layer, thereby predicting the paleo-flowing water environment of the target layer near the standard layer. Sedimentary cycle analysis is a geological method used to study the sedimentary process and changes in the history of the Earth. It is based on the vertical sequence of sedimentary rocks. By identifying different sedimentary layers and features, information such as the source, environment, and sedimentation rate of the sediments can be inferred. A sedimentary cycle refers to a series of relatively continuous sedimentary processes, including the deposition, accumulation, and erosion of sediments. Each cycle usually includes a deposition period and an erosion period. The deposition period refers to the time of sediment accumulation. The main methods of sedimentary cycle analysis include lithofacies analysis, stratigraphic correlation, geochemical analysis, and seismic reflection profiles. Lithofacies analysis can determine the sedimentary environment and sedimentary process of sediments by studying the changes between different lithofacies. Stratigraphic correlation is to infer the relationship and evolutionary history between different strata by comparing the characteristics and sequence between different strata. Geochemical analysis can understand the source and environment of sediments by analyzing the elemental and isotopic composition in sediments. Seismic reflection profiles use the characteristics of seismic waves propagating underground to infer the underground sedimentary structure and sedimentary cycle by observing the reflection of seismic waves. Furthermore, after obtaining the paleo-flowing water environment of the target layer, the corresponding sedimentary image can be generated according to the paleo-flowing water environment of the target layer, and the sedimentary image can be used in the oil and gas exploration process to improve the efficiency of oil and gas exploration.

[0105] Optionally, the paleoflow environment of the target layer in the target area is predicted based on the paleoflow environment of the standard layer to generate a sedimentary image, including: identifying the existing rocks in the standard layer, the heavy minerals in the standard layer, and gravity and magnetism to obtain identification results; correcting the paleoflow environment based on the identification results to obtain a corrected paleoflow environment; and generating a sedimentary image based on the corrected paleoflow environment.

[0106] The above-mentioned heavy minerals may be minerals with a relatively large relative density, generally referring to minerals with a relative density greater than 2.9. Heavy minerals usually have a higher specific gravity and hardness. Common heavy minerals include gold, silver, iron, copper, lead, zinc, tin, tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, titanium, zirconium, uranium, etc.

[0107] The above-mentioned gravity magnetic force can be a material with high magnetic permeability and density. The gravity magnetic force has strong attraction and magnetic conductivity in the magnetic field and is often used to manufacture magnets and electromagnetic equipment. Common gravity magnetic materials include metals such as iron, cobalt, and nickel.

[0108] The above identification results may be the contents of different substances in the standard layer, and the types of substances contained in the standard layer.

[0109] In an optional embodiment, after obtaining the target paleo-flowing water environment, the rocks, heavy minerals, and heavy magnetic materials in the standard layer can be mined and extracted, and the extracted rocks, heavy minerals, and heavy magnetic materials can be identified to obtain identification results, that is, the types of substances contained in the standard layer, as well as the contents of different substances, are determined, so that the predicted paleo-flowing water environment of the target layer can be corrected based on the identification results, and a sedimentary image can be generated based on the corrected paleo-flowing water environment.

[0110] Optionally, the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area are analyzed based on the target data to determine the standard layer of the target area, including: performing downhole stratigraphic lithofacies analysis, electrical characteristic analysis, and seismic reflection characteristic analysis based on the target data to obtain analysis results; and determining the standard layer based on the analysis results.

[0111] In an optional embodiment, after obtaining the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area, downhole stratigraphic lithofacies analysis, electrical characteristic analysis, and seismic reflection characteristic analysis can be performed based on the drilling data, seismic data, and geological detection data of the target area.

[0112] When conducting downhole lithofacies analysis, core description analysis can be performed, that is, the core samples obtained from the well are described in detail, including color, texture, structure, particle size and other characteristics. Core thin section observation and analysis can also be performed, that is, by preparing core thin sections and observing them under a microscope to identify the mineral composition, rock structure and pore characteristics of the rock. Electron scanning microscopy analysis can also be performed, that is, using electron scanning microscopy technology to observe the microscopic morphology and composition of the rock surface to obtain more detailed rock characteristic information. Core physical property testing and analysis can also be performed, that is, by measuring the physical properties of core samples, such as density, porosity, permeability, etc., to evaluate the reservoir performance of the rock. Core gas analysis can also be performed, that is, placing core samples under specific conditions and measuring the gas released by the samples to understand the natural gas content and composition in the rock.

[0113] Among them, electrical characteristic analysis is a method of studying geological structures and the properties of underground rocks, mineral deposits and other geological bodies by measuring electrical parameters such as underground resistivity, conductivity and natural electric field. The methods of electrical characteristic analysis mainly include resistivity method, conductivity method, natural electric field method, etc. Among them, the resistivity method is to infer the underground structure by measuring the underground resistivity, the conductivity method is to evaluate groundwater resources by measuring the underground conductivity, etc., and the natural electric field method is to use the distribution of the earth's natural electric field to study the underground structure and rock properties.

[0114] Among them, when analyzing seismic reflection characteristics, the following methods can be used:

[0115] Reflection amplitude analysis: When seismic waves propagate in underground media, reflection occurs to form reflected waves. The amplitude of the reflected waves is related to the properties of the underground medium. By analyzing the amplitude of the reflected waves, the physical parameters of the underground medium can be obtained.

[0116] Reflection time: The time interval from the emission to the reception of seismic waves is called reflection time. The speed of seismic waves propagating in different strata is different. The reflection time can be used to determine the thickness and speed of the strata.

[0117] Reflection frequency: The frequency distribution of seismic waves can reflect the frequency response characteristics of the underground medium. By analyzing the frequency distribution of reflected waves, we can understand the frequency response characteristics of the underground medium and thus determine the nature of the underground structure.

[0118] Reflection phase: Seismic waves will undergo phase changes when they are reflected. By analyzing the phase changes of reflected waves, we can understand the phase response characteristics of the underground medium and thus determine the phase characteristics of the underground structure.

[0119] Reflection waveform: When seismic waves propagate in underground media, they are affected by many factors, such as the shape of the stratum interface, the heterogeneity of the medium, etc. By analyzing the waveform characteristics of the reflected waves, the morphological information of the underground medium, such as the inclination and curvature of the stratum interface, can be obtained.

[0120] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a geological sedimentation image generation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area can be obtained by analyzing the structural characteristics of the drilling strata and the seismic reflection characteristics, so as to determine the standard layer. Furthermore, the stratigraphic evolution characteristics can be analyzed and the stratigraphic cover model can be established based on the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the standard layer, so as to determine the sedimentary paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer. Furthermore, the coal rock characteristics of the standard layer can be analyzed to obtain the hydrodynamic environment of the standard layer. After obtaining the sedimentary paleo-geomorphology and hydrodynamic environment of the standard layer, the sedimentary paleo-geomorphology and hydrodynamic environment of the standard layer can be used to determine the paleo-flowing water environment of the standard layer. Optionally, the existing rocks in the standard layer, the heavy minerals in the standard layer, and the gravity and magnetism can be identified, and the predicted paleo-flowing water environment of the standard layer can be corrected by using the identification results, so that the paleo-flowing water environment of the target layer can be predicted by using the corrected paleo-flowing water environment of the standard layer, and the corresponding sedimentary image can be generated based on the paleo-flowing water environment of the target layer.

[0121] Example 2

[0122] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a geological sedimentation image generating device is provided. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a geological deposition image generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6As shown, the device comprises:

[0123] The acquisition module 602 acquires target data of the target area, where the target data at least includes drilling data, seismic data, and geological detection data of the target area.

[0124] The determination module 604 is used to analyze the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area based on the target data, and determine the standard layer of the target area, where the standard layer at least includes the coal rock layer.

[0125] The analysis module 606 is used to perform paleo-flow environment analysis on the target data based on the hydrodynamics of the standard layer and the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer to obtain the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer.

[0126] The prediction module 608 is used to predict the paleo-flow environment of the target layer in the target area based on the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer and generate a sedimentary image. The target layer is a geological layer containing the target material.

[0127] Optionally, the device also includes: an interpretation module, used to perform joint well-seismic interpretation on the standard layer to determine the geomorphic change laws of different geological layers contained in the standard layer; an establishment module, used to establish a stratigraphic evolution model based on the geomorphic change laws, wherein the stratigraphic evolution model is used to characterize the geomorphic change laws of different stratigraphic layers; a second prediction module, used to predict the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer based on the stratigraphic evolution model and the geomorphic characteristics of the standard layer.

[0128] Optionally, the device also includes: a second analysis module, used to perform characteristic analysis on coal rocks with environmental indicative functions in the standard layer to obtain coal rock characteristics; a second determination module, used to determine the hydrodynamics of the standard layer based on the coal rock characteristics and the predicted planar coal rocks in the standard layer.

[0129] Optionally, the second analysis module includes: a first analysis unit, used to analyze the development of coal rocks with environmental indication in the standard layer to determine the development characteristics of the coal rocks; to analyze the thickness of the coal rocks with environmental indication in the standard layer to determine the thickness characteristics of the coal rocks; a second analysis unit, used to perform characteristic analysis on the seismic reflection of the coal rocks with environmental indication in the standard layer to determine the seismic reflection characteristics of the coal rocks; and a summarizing unit, used to summarize the development characteristics, thickness characteristics and seismic reflection characteristics to obtain coal rock characteristics.

[0130] Optionally, the prediction module 608 includes: a third analysis unit, used to perform sedimentary cycle analysis on the target result to obtain the paleo-water flow environment of the target layer; and a first generation unit, used to generate a sedimentary image based on the paleo-water flow environment of the target layer.

[0131] Optionally, the prediction module 608 includes: an identification unit, which is used to identify the existing rocks in the standard layer, the heavy minerals in the standard layer, and the gravity and magnetism to obtain an identification result; a correction unit, which is used to correct the ancient water flow environment based on the identification result to obtain a corrected ancient water flow environment; and a second generation unit, which is used to generate a sedimentary image based on the corrected ancient water flow environment.

[0132] Optionally, the determination module 604 includes: a fourth analysis unit, used to perform downhole stratum facies analysis, electrical characteristic analysis, and seismic reflection characteristic analysis based on the target data to obtain analysis results; and a determination unit, used to determine the standard layer based on the analysis results.

[0133] Example 3

[0134] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein when the program is executed, a processor of a device is controlled to execute any one of the above methods.

[0135] Example 4

[0136] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs; and when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors execute any one of the above methods.

[0137] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0138] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0139] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units can be a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules, which can be electrical or other forms.

[0140] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0141] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0142] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0143] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for generating a geological sedimentary image, characterized in that: include: Acquiring target data of a target area, wherein the target data at least includes drilling data, seismic data, and geological detection data of the target area; Analyze the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area based on the target data to determine the standard layer of the target area, wherein the standard layer at least includes a coal rock layer; Performing paleo-flow environment analysis on the target data based on the hydrodynamics of the standard layer and the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer to obtain the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer; The paleo-flow environment of the target layer in the target area is predicted based on the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer to generate a sedimentary image, wherein the target layer is a geological layer containing a target substance.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Conducting a well-seismic joint interpretation on the standard layer to determine the geomorphic variation rules of different geological layers included in the standard layer; Establishing a stratum evolution model based on the landform change law, wherein the stratum evolution model is used to characterize the landform change law of different strata; Based on the stratigraphic evolution model and the geomorphic features of the standard layer, the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer is predicted.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Performing characteristic analysis on the coal and rock with environmental indication function in the standard layer to obtain coal and rock characteristics; Based on the coal rock characteristics and the predicted planar coal rock in the standard layer, the hydrodynamics of the standard layer is determined.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The coal and rock with environmental indication in the standard layer are analyzed to obtain coal and rock characteristics, including: Analyzing the development of the coal rock with environmental indication in the standard layer to determine the development characteristics of the coal rock; Analyzing the thickness of the coal rock having an environmental indication function in the standard layer to determine the thickness characteristics of the coal rock; Performing characteristic analysis on the seismic reflection of the coal rock in the standard layer having an environmental indication function to determine the seismic reflection characteristics of the coal rock; The development characteristics, thickness characteristics and seismic reflection characteristics are summarized to obtain the coal rock characteristics.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Predicting the paleo-flow environment of the target layer based on the target results and generating a sedimentary image includes: Performing sedimentary cycle analysis on the target results to obtain the paleocurrent environment of the target layer; The sedimentary image is generated based on the paleoflow environment of the target layer.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Predicting the paleo-flow environment of the target layer in the target area based on the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer and generating a sedimentary image includes: Identify the existing rocks in the standard layer, the heavy minerals in the standard layer, and the gravity and magnetism to obtain identification results; Correcting the paleocurrent environment based on the identification result to obtain a corrected paleocurrent environment; The sedimentary image is generated based on the corrected paleoflow environment.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Analyzing the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area based on the target data to determine the standard layer of the target area includes: Based on the target data, downhole stratum lithofacies analysis, electrical characteristics analysis, and seismic reflection characteristics analysis are performed to obtain analysis results; The standard layer is determined based on the analysis result.

8. A geological sedimentation image generating device, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, for acquiring target data of a target area, wherein the target data at least includes drilling data, seismic data, and geological detection data of the target area; A determination module, configured to analyze the stratigraphic sequence and structural characteristics of the target area based on the target data, and determine a standard layer of the target area, wherein the standard layer at least includes a coal rock layer; An analysis module, used for performing paleo-flow environment analysis on the target data based on the hydrodynamics of the standard layer and the paleo-geomorphology of the standard layer to obtain the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer; The prediction module is used to predict the paleo-flow environment of the target layer in the target area based on the paleo-flow environment of the standard layer, and generate a sedimentary image, wherein the target layer is a geological layer containing a target substance.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is executed in a processor of a device where the program is controlled.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; A storage device for storing one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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