A method and device for comprehensive evaluation of road meadow sampling

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of alpine grassland vegetation preservation, and particularly relates to a road grassland sampling comprehensive evaluation method, comprising the following steps: S1, extracting a large number of turf samples according to a preset interval along a road; S2, determining a comprehensive score of the turf sampling based on the turf samples from three dimensions of soil fertility, turf vitality and transport distance; S3, determining a priority level of the stripped turf during construction according to the comprehensive score of the turf sampling in the construction season. The turf sampled along the road is comprehensively evaluated from four dimensions of soil fertility, turf vitality, transport distance and season, and the construction unit can simply and quickly distinguish and strip high-quality turf during construction based on the level of the comprehensive evaluation, thereby improving the survival rate of the turf, reasonably utilizing the turf to the maximum extent and protecting the turf.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of alpine grassland vegetation preservation technology, specifically a method and device for comprehensive evaluation of meadow sampling along roads. Background Technology

[0002] Turfgrass is the most abundant vegetation covering the plateau and a precious asset of the region. It not only beautifies the environment and purifies the air, but is also an indispensable part of ecological balance. Turfgrass slows rainwater runoff, reduces soil erosion, maintains soil fertility, provides habitats and food sources for numerous wild plants and animals, and safeguards biodiversity. Its deep root system contributes to soil stability and improvement, enhances soil fertility, and promotes water circulation. However, with the accelerated construction of highways on plateaus, turfgrass faces the risk of being neglected and damaged.

[0003] In grassland areas, the construction of a highway often means severe damage to the grasslands within a radius of tens of meters on both sides, with grassland degradation and desertification being commonplace. This not only affects the ecological function of the grasslands but also threatens the production and livelihoods of local herders. Furthermore, the unscientific protection and utilization of alpine meadows also causes secondary damage to them.

[0004] The amount of turf required for road greening is less than the amount of grassland occupied by highways. Due to the lack of professional knowledge about turf among construction workers, they are unable to distinguish the quality of turf. As a result, the turf stripped during construction is of varying quality. Many high-quality turf ...

[0005] Traditional methods of turf research and analysis involve identical turf stripping plots and construction plots, resulting in large sample sizes and hindering detailed analysis of the turf along the route. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the need for scientific sampling and evaluation of turf occupied by highways. It proposes a comprehensive evaluation method and device for roadside meadow sampling, based on four dimensions: soil fertility, turf vigor, transport distance, and season, to conduct a unified assessment before turf stripping. According to the evaluation results, the schedule and method of turf stripping are determined to improve turf survival rate, maximize rational utilization, and protect the turf.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A comprehensive evaluation method for roadside meadow sampling includes the following steps:

[0009] S1, extract turf samples along the road at preset intervals;

[0010] S2, Based on the turf samples, determine the comprehensive score of the turf after sampling from three dimensions: soil fertility, turf vigor, and transport distance;

[0011] S3 determines the priority level for turf stripping during construction based on the comprehensive score of turf samples taken during the construction season.

[0012] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0013] S21. Calculate the comprehensive index of soil fertility based on soil fertility, obtain the evaluation index of turf vitality based on turf vitality, and obtain the transportation distance from each section of the road to the turf storage site.

[0014] S22, the comprehensive index of soil fertility, the evaluation index of turf vitality and the transport distance are standardized to obtain standardized data. The standardization process includes standardization based on positive indicators, standardization based on negative indicators and moderate indicators.

[0015] S23, the coefficient of variation method is used to determine the weight of each data point after standardization; the weighted sum of the weights and the standardized data is used to obtain the comprehensive score after turf sampling.

[0016] Furthermore, the calculation of the comprehensive index of soil fertility indicators based on soil fertility includes the following steps:

[0017] C21. Select factors related to turf growth and obtain corresponding indicator data. These factors include soil organic carbon, total nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, and available potassium content.

[0018] C22 standardizes the dimensions of the indicator data and calculates the comprehensive soil fertility index using the comprehensive soil fertility index calculation formula.

[0019] Furthermore, the method for obtaining turf vitality evaluation indicators based on turf vitality includes the following steps:

[0020] A21. Obtain turf vitality parameter data, including root surface area, total root length, average root diameter, number of live roots per unit volume, fresh weight of live roots per unit volume, turf coverage, and soil moisture content.

[0021] A22, based on the data of the turf vitality parameter, find the corresponding assignment and weight in the evaluation parameter weight setting table;

[0022] A23, by weighting and summing the values ​​and weights corresponding to the turf vitality parameter data, the turf vitality evaluation index is obtained.

[0023] Furthermore, the comprehensive soil fertility index is processed using appropriate index methods, the turf vitality evaluation index is standardized based on positive indicators, and the transport distance is standardized based on negative indicators. The specific steps to obtain the standardized data include:

[0024] The comprehensive index of soil fertility is converted using the appropriateness index processing formula to obtain the appropriateness index value.

[0025] The turf vitality evaluation index was converted using a positive conversion formula to obtain the positive conversion value.

[0026] The transport distance is converted using a negative conversion formula to obtain the negative conversion value.

[0027] Furthermore, the forwarding process formula is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] The negativeing ​​process formula is as follows:

[0030]

[0031] The formula for processing the appropriate index is:

[0032]

[0033] Where, x n It refers to the value of the indicator, minx. n It is the minimum value among the indicator values, maxx n It is the maximum value among the indicator values, x h It is the peak value obtained after research among the indicators, y + It is the value after positive transformation of the indicator value, y - y' is the value after the indicator value has been negatively processed, and y' is the value after the appropriate indicator has been processed.

[0034] Furthermore, the determination of the weights of each data point after standardization using the coefficient of variation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] First calculate the standard deviation σ of each term. i :

[0036]

[0037] Then calculate the coefficient of variation (CV) for each term. i :

[0038]

[0039] Finally, the weight W of each item i :

[0040]

[0041] Where i = 1, 2, 3, representing three data items, each of which is Y. i , This represents the average value of each indicator.

[0042] Furthermore, step S3 includes the following steps:

[0043] Calculate the comprehensive score of turf sampling in spring, summer and autumn according to steps S1 and S2 respectively; sort the comprehensive scores from largest to smallest to obtain the priority level; and rationally plan the turf stripping area according to the construction schedule.

[0044] Based on the same concept, a turf collection device is also proposed for extracting turf samples according to any of the above-described roadside meadow sampling comprehensive evaluation methods. The device body is cylindrical, with one end of the device body including a cutting blade, a handle, a foot pedal, and a storage tube. The handle and foot pedal are respectively connected to the device body, and the storage tube is used in conjunction with the end of the device body with the cutting blade.

[0045] Furthermore, the end of the device body near the blade includes a groove, a push rod, and a push tube, wherein the push rod is used to drive the push tube to move along the groove on the device body.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0047] The method and apparatus of this invention comprehensively evaluate turf samples taken along roads based on four dimensions: soil fertility, turf vitality, transport distance, and season. Based on the comprehensive evaluation level, construction units can easily and quickly distinguish and peel off high-quality turf during construction, thereby improving turf survival rate, maximizing rational utilization, and protecting turf. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a comprehensive evaluation method for meadow sampling in roadside areas;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method for generating a comprehensive score after turf sampling;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a method for determining soil fertility in turf samples;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the method for determining turf vitality;

[0052] Figure 5 It is a roadside meadow sampling device;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the storage tube structure;

[0054] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sampling cylinder;

[0055] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the sampling cylinder;

[0056] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the sampling cylinder;

[0057] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the sampling cylinder.

[0058] Reference numerals: 1-Sampling tube; 11-Handle; 12-Push tube; 13-Push rod; 14-Slide groove; 15-Fixing block; 16-Blade; 2-Foot pedal; 21-Groove; 22-Anti-slip block; 3-Storage tube; 31-Tube body; 32-Top cover; 33-Ventilation hole. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to experimental examples and specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the subject matter of the present application to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the content of the present application fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0060] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," "outer," and "side" used in the description of specific embodiments of this application to indicate orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is usually placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the solution in this application or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, so as to enable those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0061] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" only distinguish one entity or operation from another, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary or secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0062] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] A comprehensive evaluation method for roadside meadow sampling, flowchart as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0065] S1, extract turf samples along the road at preset intervals;

[0066] S2, Based on the turf samples, determine the grade of the turf after sampling from three dimensions: soil fertility, turf vigor, and transport distance;

[0067] S3 determines the priority level for turf stripping during construction based on the comprehensive score of turf samples taken during the construction season.

[0068] Furthermore, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] First, satellite imagery data and land boundary maps are pre-loaded using software. The area is then segmented according to station numbers or vegetation characteristics. A five-point sampling method is used to determine sampling points before on-site sampling. For example, after segmenting the satellite imagery according to station numbers or vegetation characteristics, images of each segment are obtained. Since the highway is strip-shaped, the segment images are approximately quadrilaterals. Five points, including the intersection of the four corners and diagonals of the quadrilateral, are selected as sampling points. The latitude and longitude coordinates corresponding to the sampling points are then obtained from the satellite imagery.

[0070] Secondly, based on the latitude and longitude coordinates of the sampling points, after arriving at the sampling site using a handheld GPS, a 1m × 1m rectangular area is demarcated, and the center point and four corners of the rectangle are selected as sampling points. Five samples are collected using this device. If it is found on-site that the sample points are not representative and are unsuitable for sampling, resampling can be carried out within 10m of the original sampling point.

[0071] In step S1, a two-stage five-point sampling method was employed. The first sampling point was used to obtain sampling locations from satellite imagery, which helps to comprehensively investigate the characteristics of the area. The second sampling point was used to obtain a large number of turf samples, making the samples more representative. Extensive testing and analysis can reduce errors introduced by a single sampling, improving the accuracy and reliability of the results.

[0072] As a specific example, taking a 10km highway as an example: the road is divided into 10 sections according to the station number: K1, K2, K3...K10. In each section, sample plots are selected according to the above method, registered and placed in the corresponding preservation tubes, and then taken back to the laboratory for testing after the sampling is completed.

[0073] The flowchart for generating the comprehensive score after turf sampling is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0074] S21. Calculate the comprehensive index of soil fertility based on soil fertility, obtain the turf vitality evaluation index based on turf vitality, and obtain the transport distance from each section of the road to the turf storage site.

[0075] S22, the comprehensive index of soil fertility, the evaluation index of turf vitality and the transport distance are standardized to obtain standardized data. The standardization process includes standardization based on positive indicators, standardization based on negative indicators and moderate indicators.

[0076] S23, the coefficient of variation method is used to determine the weight of each data point after standardization; the weighted sum of the weights and the standardized data is used to obtain the comprehensive score after turf sampling.

[0077] The flowchart of the method for determining soil fertility of turf samples in step S2 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the steps are as follows:

[0078] C21, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, and available potassium content, which are related to turf growth, were selected as factors to consider for soil fertility, and corresponding index data were obtained;

[0079] C22 standardizes the dimensions of the indicator data and calculates the comprehensive soil fertility index using the comprehensive soil fertility index calculation formula.

[0080] Furthermore, in step C21, the factors considered in selecting soil fertility are based on the following reasons:

[0081] Soil organic carbon: Soil organic carbon is the basic substance of soil fertility. It can increase soil fertility, improve soil structure, increase soil looseness and aeration, and promote the reproduction of soil microorganisms, plant photosynthesis, and plant rooting.

[0082] Soil total nitrogen content: Soil total nitrogen content usually indicates that the soil has a high nutrient supply capacity, which can provide more nitrogen nutrition to plants and promote plant growth and development.

[0083] Available phosphorus content in soil: Phosphorus is a key component of biological macromolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins and enzymes, and plays a vital role in plant growth, development and metabolic processes.

[0084] Available potassium in soil: Available potassium can promote the growth and development of plant roots, increase the root system's ability to absorb nutrients and water, and improve the plant's resistance to adversity.

[0085] Therefore, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, and available potassium content, which are related to turf growth, were selected as factors to consider for soil fertility, and corresponding index data were obtained.

[0086] Furthermore, in step C22, the Nemerow index is used to evaluate soil quality. The index data are standardized in terms of dimensions according to the grading standards of the "Second National Soil Survey Nutrient Grading Standards." The Nemerow index is also improved by using P... imin Replace P in Nemerow index imax This study highlights the limiting factors of the comprehensive soil fertility index, emphasizing the limitation of the worst soil fertility on plant growth. At the same time, it adds an N / (N-1) correction term to improve the credibility of the evaluation. That is, the more indicators are evaluated, the larger the value of N / (N-1) will be, and the higher the credibility will be.

[0087] The formula for calculating the comprehensive soil fertility index is:

[0088]

[0089] Where P 综 The comprehensive index of soil fertility (P) i ) 2 min The square of the minimum value of a single soil index, (P) i ) 2 ave denoted as the square of the average value of individual soil indicators, where N is the number of soil indicators evaluated. The nutrient content of the soil is quantified using Table 1, and the quantified values ​​are shown in Table 2.

[0090] Table 1. Quantification Coefficients of Soil Nutrient Content

[0091]

[0092] Table 2 Soil fertility coefficients and comprehensive coefficients for each section

[0093]

[0094] Based on the data in Table 2, the comprehensive soil fertility index for each section of turf can be calculated. Furthermore, the flowchart for determining turf vitality in step S2 is shown below. Figure 4As shown, the steps are as follows:

[0095] A21. Obtain turf vitality parameter data, including root surface area, total root length, average root diameter, number of live roots per unit volume, fresh weight of live roots per unit volume, turf coverage, and soil moisture content.

[0096] A22, based on the data of the turf vitality parameter, find the corresponding assignment and weight in the evaluation parameter weight setting table;

[0097] A23, by weighting and summing the values ​​and weights corresponding to the turf vitality parameter data, the turf vitality evaluation index is obtained.

[0098] Furthermore, in step A2.1, the factors considered in selecting the turf vitality parameter are based on the following reasons:

[0099] Root surface area: A larger root surface area generally means a larger contact area between the roots and the soil, which may result in a higher capacity for nutrient and water absorption. Therefore, a larger root surface area may indirectly indicate higher root vitality.

[0100] Total root length: The longer the total root length, the wider the root system is distributed in the soil, and the more effectively it can explore and utilize soil resources. This can also serve as an indirect indicator of root vitality.

[0101] Average root diameter: While average root diameter itself does not directly reflect root activity, it can provide information about root structure. For example, finer roots may have a higher surface area to volume ratio, and thus may have higher nutrient absorption efficiency.

[0102] Live root density per unit volume: This parameter reflects the density of live roots in the soil. A higher live root density may mean that the root system is more densely distributed in the soil, and thus may have a higher capacity for nutrient and water absorption.

[0103] Fresh weight of living roots per unit volume: This parameter combines the number and fresh weight of living roots, and may more comprehensively reflect the growth status and vitality of the root system. A higher fresh weight of living roots per unit volume may indicate a healthier and more active root system.

[0104] Turf coverage: Represents the vegetation coverage of the turf.

[0105] Soil moisture content: This is an important indicator of soil moisture content, directly affecting the water supply to crops and the dissolution and absorption of soil nutrients. Suitable soil moisture content is beneficial for crop growth.

[0106] Therefore, the root surface area, total root length, average root diameter, number of live roots per unit volume, fresh weight of live roots per unit volume, turf cover and soil moisture content, which are related to turf growth, were selected as factors to consider for turf vitality, and corresponding index data were obtained.

[0107] The evaluation parameter weighting table in step A22 is shown in Table 3. The method of using this table is as follows: taking the sampled turf root surface area as 31 cm². 2 Taking this as an example, referring to the table, we can see that 31cm 2 The value falls within the range of greater than 28 and less than 34, therefore the turf vitality is level three, with a value between 1 and 3. 31 falls in the halfway point of the 28-34 range. Proportionally, the assigned value is calculated to be in the halfway point of the 1-3 range, hence the assigned value is 2. With a corresponding weight of 0.15, 2 represents a root surface area of ​​31 cm². 2 The value assigned at that time is 0.15, which is the weight of the turf root system surface area.

[0108] For example, if the average root diameter is 0.65 mm, then according to the table, it corresponds to the interval 0.66-0.74, so it belongs to the second level. The value is assigned to the interval [3, 5). 0.74-0.66=0.08, 0.65-0.66=0.01, so 0.55 falls at one-eighth of the interval. Therefore, the value is assigned to 2÷8+3=3.25, and the weight is 0.14.

[0109] Following this process, after obtaining turf samples and detecting each turf vitality parameter, the assigned values ​​for each turf vitality parameter are obtained from Table 3. A subjective weighting method is used, combining the knowledge and experience of multiple experts to score and evaluate the parameters, resulting in weights. Then, the assigned values ​​and weights of the turf vitality parameter data are weighted and summed to calculate the turf vitality evaluation index. Table 4 shows a specific example of the individual turf items and turf vitality evaluation index for each section.

[0110] Table 3. Turf Vitality Parameter Level Settings

[0111]

[0112] *If the actual test data is greater than the maximum value or less than the minimum value, record it according to the maximum and minimum values.

[0113] Table 4. Individual Turf Items and Turf Vitality Evaluation Indicators for Each Section

[0114]

[0115] Furthermore, the method for evaluating turf based on transport distance in step S2 is as follows: The road is divided into ten segments, namely K1, K2, K3...K10, and the distance from the center station of each of the ten segments to the planned turf storage area is obtained accordingly. This distance is the transport distance from each segment along the road to the turf storage area. A specific transport distance from each segment along the road to the turf storage area is shown in Table 5.

[0116] Table 5. Transport distance from each section of the road to the turf storage site

[0117]

[0118] After obtaining the comprehensive index of soil fertility, the evaluation index of turf vitality, and the transport distance, the turf samples are then comprehensively evaluated.

[0119] The comprehensive index of soil fertility, the evaluation index of turf vitality, and the transport distance were entered into the same table, resulting in Table 6:

[0120] Table 6. A summary of the comprehensive index of soil fertility, turf vitality evaluation index, and transport distance for each section of the road (numbered 1, 2, and 3).

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] Of these three indicators, turf vitality is a positive indicator, meaning the greater the turf vitality, the better the turf growth; transport distance is a negative indicator, meaning the shorter the transport distance, the lower the cost; and soil fertility is an appropriate indicator. Soil fertility is not necessarily better the higher it is, but rather needs to be maintained within an appropriate range to meet the growth needs of plants and maintain the balance of the soil ecosystem. Research shows that a fertility coefficient of 3.75-3.95 is suitable for plateau areas. Therefore, the optimal peak value for the fertility coefficient is (3.75+3.95) / 2 = 3.85, i.e., x h =3.85.

[0124] Therefore, it is necessary to perform dimensionless and standardized preprocessing on the data in advance.

[0125] The preprocessing steps for dimensionless and standardized data of the above three types are as follows:

[0126] Because the dimensions of the summary table (Table 6) are inconsistent, the data are standardized for positive and negative indicators respectively, as shown in the following formula:

[0127] The forward processing formula is:

[0128]

[0129] The negativeing ​​process formula is as follows:

[0130]

[0131] The formula for processing the appropriate index is:

[0132]

[0133] After processing positive indicators, negative indicators, and appropriate standardization, the resulting appropriate indicator y′, positive indicator value y+, and negative indicator value y- are summarized in Table 7.

[0134] Table 7. Summary of the appropriateness index y′, positive index value y+, and negative index value y-

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] Since both positive and negative indicators contain a value of 0, each positive and negative indicator value is processed to be non-negative, so that each non-negative indicator value is not equal to 0.

[0138] The formula for nonnegation processing is:

[0139] Y + =y + +0.01;

[0140] Y - =y - +0.01;

[0141] The non-negative index values ​​obtained through non-negative processing are shown in Table 8.

[0142] Table 8 Non-negative index values

[0143]

[0144] After standardizing all indicators, the coefficient of variation method is used to determine the weights. First, the standard deviation σ of each item (column) is calculated. i :

[0145]

[0146] i = 1, 2, 3, meaning each item (column) represents the standard deviation of each indicator. This represents the average value of each indicator.

[0147] Then calculate the coefficient of variation (CV) for each item (column). i :

[0148]

[0149] Finally, the weight W of each item (column) i :

[0150]

[0151] The data used to determine the weights using the coefficient of variation method are shown in Table 10.

[0152] Table 9 Standard Deviation σ i Coefficient of variation (CV) i Weight W i Summary Table

[0153]

[0154] Furthermore, S3 determines the priority level for turf stripping during construction based on the season and the grade of the turf after sampling, specifically including the following steps:

[0155] The comprehensive score tables are obtained according to the season. The comprehensive score tables for spring, summer and autumn are shown in Tables 10, 11 and 12.

[0156] Table 10 Overall Score Table (Spring Semester)

[0157]

[0158]

[0159] Table 11 Overall Score Table (Summer)

[0160]

[0161] Table 12 Overall Score Table (Autumn)

[0162]

[0163]

[0164] Based on the comprehensive score, the priority level of turf stripping during construction can be determined. Since the growth of alpine meadows varies in each season, it is necessary to collect, test, and analyze the turf stripping comprehensive scores in spring, summer, and autumn (winter is not considered because the alpine climate is too cold for construction and therefore does not damage the turf). Based on this, a reasonable turf stripping plan can be formulated for each season.

[0165] Because the greening rate = green area / land area, and the meadow stripping rate = meadow stripping area / grassland area, therefore the green area = meadow re-laying area ≈ meadow stripping area. Also, because land area ≈ grassland area, the meadow stripping rate ≈ green area / grassland area. Assuming the roadway width doesn't change significantly, the grassland area in each segment is equal, i.e., S... K1 =SK2 ... = S K10 The greening rate is equal to the area stripped of turf divided by the area of ​​turf, i.e., greening rate = S 绿化 / S 占地 As the above analysis shows, the greening rate equals the area of ​​turf stripped divided by the area of ​​turf, i.e., greening rate = S 剥离 / S 草地 Therefore, the total turf area equals the area of ​​each turf segment multiplied by the number of segments, and the total greening rate equals the area of ​​turf stripped divided by the total turf area, i.e., greening rate = S 剥离 / S Ki ×N, ultimately yielding S 剥离 =S Ki ×N×Greening rate.

[0166] For example, in the spring of that year, the construction sections were K1, K2, K4, K5, K6, and K9. When the greening rate of this section was 40%, that is:

[0167] S 剥 =S Ki ×6×0.4=2.4 S Ki That is, selecting 2-3 sections of the meadow to be stripped can meet the greening needs of the section. Based on the score and priority, the top three priority sections (that is, the top three score sections) are selected and constructed in sequence. According to the comprehensive score list 13, it can be seen that the priority sections to be constructed are K1, K2 and K6.

[0168] Table 13 Overall Score Table (Spring Semester)

[0169]

[0170]

[0171] This case divides the sections evenly according to the station number to determine the priority level; if uneven sections are divided on site according to construction sections or vegetation characteristics, the area factor needs to be considered, and the sample size and comprehensive score should be increased based on the area ratio.

[0172] Example 3

[0173] In meadow studies, to investigate soil physicochemical properties and root systems, it is necessary to collect samples of the meadow, its roots, and soil together. The conventional collection method involves digging 30cm x 30cm plots on-site according to meadow construction techniques and placing them in sealed bags. This approach has several drawbacks: First, the meadow is very heavy, making transportation difficult; second, after separating and transporting multiple meadow plots, they can collide and squeeze against each other, causing damage and death, directly affecting the accuracy of data in later studies; third, the sealed bags containing the meadow are prone to breakage due to the weight of the meadow, hindering its preservation; and fourth, the extensive collection work damages the meadow on-site.

[0174] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention also discloses a device designed as a cylindrical sampling tube, coupled with a preservation tube, which reduces the amount of meadow samples collected, maximizes the preservation of meadow integrity, and is easy to carry.

[0175] A turf harvesting device such as Figure 5 As shown, the device is used to extract turf samples according to the comprehensive evaluation method for roadside meadow sampling. The device body is cylindrical. One end of the device body includes a cutting blade 16, a handle 11, a foot pedal 2, and a storage tube 3. The handle 11 and the foot pedal 2 are respectively connected to the device body, and the storage tube 3 is used in conjunction with one end of the device body where the cutting blade 16 is located.

[0176] like Figure 5-10 As shown, a turf collection device includes a sampling cylinder 1 as its main body. One end of the sampling cylinder 1 is a handle 11, and the other end is a blade 16. A foot pedal 2 is installed in the middle of the sampling cylinder 1. In addition, the end of the device body near the blade 16 includes a groove 21, a push rod 13, and a push tube 12. The push rod 13 is used to drive the push tube 12 to move along a groove 14 on the device body.

[0177] Upon reaching the meadow sampling point, first align the groove 21 of foot pedal 2 with the fixing block 15 of sampling tube 1. After rising to the meadow sampling height, rotate foot pedal 2 180° and fix foot pedal 2 between the two fixing blocks 15. Step on foot pedal 2 until it is level with the ground, then rotate handle 11 left and right to cut all the intertwined roots of the sampled meadow using blade 16. Then lift sampling tube 1, insert the tube opening into storage tube 3, and push the push rod 13 to push the push tube 12 downwards, allowing the push tube 12 to push the collected meadow into storage tube 3. Cover with top cap 32 to complete one sampling.

[0178] Preferably, the slide 14 is L-shaped, and during operation, the push rod 13 is moved laterally and fixed.

[0179] The opening of the sampling tube 1 is slightly smaller than the opening of the preservation tube 3. Inserting the tube opening into the preservation tube 3 can make the meadow more intact during the preservation process. At the same time, it fits against the tube wall in the preservation tube 3 so that it will not shake and damage the meadow root system during transportation.

[0180] The sampling tube 1 has several fixing blocks 15, which can be used to collect samples for different meadow thicknesses. The spacing between two fixing blocks 15 is the same as the thickness of the foot pedal 2.

[0181] The bottom of foot pedal 2 has two arc-shaped blades, both of which are sharpened on both sides, allowing it to rotate and cut meadow roots in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions.

[0182] Both the storage tube 3 and the top cover 32 are made of acrylic, allowing for easy monitoring of the meadow's condition. The top cover 32 has several ventilation holes 33 to facilitate the respiration of the meadow plants.

[0183] This device is detachable and easy to carry.

[0184] In summary, the solutions or descriptions presented in the specific embodiments and accompanying drawings of this invention are not intended to limit the scope of protection claimed, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments / examples to help those skilled in the art understand the relevant innovative solutions. All other equivalent or parallel embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments without inventive effort are within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive evaluation method for roadside meadow sampling, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, extract turf samples along the road at preset intervals; S2, Based on the turf samples, determine the comprehensive score of the turf after sampling from three dimensions: soil fertility, turf vigor, and transport distance; S3. Determine the priority level of turf stripping during construction based on the comprehensive score of turf sampling in the current construction season; calculate the comprehensive score of turf sampling in spring, summer and autumn according to steps S1 and S2 respectively; sort the priority levels according to the comprehensive score from largest to smallest; and rationally plan the turf stripping area according to the construction schedule.

2. The method for comprehensive evaluation of roadside meadow sampling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21. Calculate the comprehensive index of soil fertility based on soil fertility, obtain the evaluation index of turf vitality based on turf vitality, and obtain the transportation distance from each section of the road to the turf storage site. S22, the comprehensive index of soil fertility, the evaluation index of turf vitality and the transport distance are standardized to obtain standardized data. The standardization process includes standardization based on positive indicators, standardization based on negative indicators and moderate indicators. S23, the coefficient of variation method is used to determine the weight of each data point after standardization; the weighted sum of the weights and the standardized data is used to obtain the comprehensive score after turf sampling.

3. The method for comprehensive evaluation of roadside meadow sampling as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation of the comprehensive index of soil fertility indicators based on soil fertility includes the following steps: C21. Select factors related to turf growth and obtain corresponding indicator data. These factors include soil organic carbon, total nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, and available potassium content. C22 standardizes the dimensions of the indicator data and calculates the comprehensive soil fertility index using the comprehensive soil fertility index calculation formula.

4. The method for comprehensive evaluation of roadside meadow sampling as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The method for obtaining turf vitality evaluation indicators based on turf vitality includes the following steps: A21. Obtain turf vitality parameter data, including root surface area, total root length, average root diameter, number of live roots per unit volume, fresh weight of live roots per unit volume, turf coverage, and soil moisture content. A22, based on the data of the turf vitality parameter, find the corresponding assignment and weight in the evaluation parameter weight setting table; A23, by weighting and summing the values ​​and weights corresponding to the turf vitality parameter data, the turf vitality evaluation index is obtained.

5. The method for comprehensive evaluation of roadside meadow sampling as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The comprehensive soil fertility index is processed using appropriate index methods, the turf vitality evaluation index is standardized based on positive indicators, and the transport distance is standardized based on negative indicators. The specific steps to obtain the standardized data are as follows: The comprehensive index of soil fertility is converted using the appropriateness index processing formula to obtain the appropriateness index value. The turf vitality evaluation index was converted using a positive conversion formula to obtain the positive conversion value. The transport distance is converted using a negative conversion formula to obtain the negative conversion value.

6. The method for comprehensive evaluation of roadside meadow sampling as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The forward processing formula is: ； The negativeing ​​process formula is as follows: ； The formula for processing the appropriate index is: ； Where, x n It refers to the value of the indicator. It is the minimum value among the indicator values. It is the maximum value among the indicator values, x h It is the peak value obtained after research among the indicators, y + It is the value after positive transformation of the indicator value, y - y' is the value after the indicator value has been negatively processed, and y' is the appropriate indicator value.

7. The method for comprehensive evaluation of roadside meadow sampling as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The method of determining the weights of each data point after standardization using the coefficient of variation method specifically includes the following steps: First calculate the standard deviation of each item. : Then calculate the coefficient of variation for each term. : ； Finally, the weight of each item : ； Where i = 1, 2, 3, represents three data items, each of which is Y. i , This represents the average value of each indicator.

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