Novel simple pendulum magnetic energy positioner

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of simple pendulum positioning, in particular to a novel simple pendulum magnetic energy positioner, which comprises a magnetism fixing module, a magnetic energy control module and a magnetic energy control module, the fixed magnetic module comprises a single-chip microcomputer, an electromagnet, a power switch and a mode conversion switch, the single-chip microcomputer is used for controlling conversion of high and low levels of the electromagnet by switching an I0 port, the electromagnet generates magnetism when the level is low, and the electromagnet loses magnetism when the level is high; the power switch is used for controlling power-on and power-off of the fixed magnetic module; the mode conversion switch is used for switching a manual operation mode and an automatic operation mode; and the positioning module is used for fixing and supporting the pendulum ball and the intelligent suction and release pendulum ball. The introduction of the novel simple pendulum magnetic energy positioner enables the experiment efficiency to be high, and the experiment success rate and the utilization rate of a computer type digital millisecond meter and a photoelectric door are greatly improved through intelligent positioning and release of a pendulum ball; meanwhile, remote centralized control over the multiple simple pendulums is achieved, and the science popularization value is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of simple pendulum positioning, in particular to a new type of simple pendulum magnetic energy positioner. Background Art

[0002] This product belongs to the field of university physics experiment technology innovation and is gradually being put into actual production and application. Its market space has expanded to physics laboratories in universities across the country and around the world.

[0003] The experiment of measuring gravitational acceleration with a simple pendulum is a must-do physics experiment for university students majoring in science and engineering. The vibration period of the simple pendulum is used to deduce the surface gravitational acceleration of the area. This experiment helps students understand the basic concepts and principles of the laws of motion of universal gravitation in physics, and cultivates students' experimental design and data analysis capabilities. At the same time, as a popular science tool, the simple pendulum is almost everywhere in middle and primary school laboratories across the country. This experiment not only has great guiding significance in theoretical learning, but also has a wide range of applications in practical applications, and is very valuable. For example, the design and control of aircraft such as drones and rockets, and other fields of load testing require accurate measurement of gravitational acceleration on the earth's surface.

[0004] In order to ensure the accuracy of data, new simple pendulums in university physics experiments are introduced with computer-based digital millisecond meters and photoelectric gates to eliminate various errors such as vision, memory, and delay caused by manual stopwatch statistics, while improving big data computing capabilities. However, in reality, the success rate of the experiment dropped sharply due to frequent collisions between the pendulum ball and the photoelectric gate, and the experiment was shelved. That is, the advanced equipment could not be put into use and the purpose could not be achieved.

[0005] The existing problems mainly include the following two aspects: 1. The fingers apply uneven force at the moment of releasing the pendulum ball, that is, the operation is not standardized, which will cause the pendulum ball to deviate from the predetermined trajectory and move forward in a non-ideal, complex arc motion trajectory similar to a conical pendulum, and then hit the photoelectric gate. Even if the degree of deviation is within the allowable range of the photoelectric gate, the data will still be inaccurate due to the uneven force of the fingers and the horizontal force generated. 2. During long-term use, due to the need to repeatedly adjust the pendulum length and swing angle, as well as the inevitable slight vibrations during operation, the threaded connection between the photoelectric gate and the support rod, and the screws that fix the cylindrical support rod will wear or loosen, causing the photoelectric gate to deflect. Both of these reasons will lead to experimental failure or inaccurate data. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention provides a novel single pendulum magnetic energy locator, which is used to solve the defects in the prior art that the pendulum ball frequently hits the photoelectric gate, resulting in low experimental success rate and inaccurate experimental data.

[0007] The present invention provides a novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner, comprising: The fixed magnet module is used to intelligently control the magnetism of the electromagnet; the fixed magnet module includes a single-chip microcomputer, an electromagnet, a power switch and a mode conversion switch. The single-chip microcomputer is used to control the conversion of the high and low levels of the electromagnet by switching the I0 port. The electromagnet generates magnetism when the level is low, and loses magnetism when the level is high; the power switch is used to control the power on and off of the fixed magnet module; the mode conversion switch is used to switch between manual and automatic operation modes; Positioning module, used for fixed support of the swing ball and intelligent suction and placement of the swing ball.

[0008] According to a novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by the present invention, the positioner also includes: A leveling module, used for leveling the single pendulum magnetic positioner; A pendulum module is used to adjust the pendulum length of the pendulum ball; A swing angle adjustment module, used to adjust the swing angle of the swing ball; The cycle setting module is used to set the number of cycles of the millisecond meter.

[0009] A novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided according to the present invention includes: a fixed magnetic module and a controller, the controller is used to control the suction and release of a small ball through a mobile phone, and the controller in the fixed magnetic module is an intelligent control system.

[0010] A novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by the present invention includes: an intelligent control system of a fixed magnetic module includes: Sensor modules are used to collect physical quantity information of the environment and equipment.

[0011] The control module is used to process physical quantity information and generate control instructions.

[0012] The actuator module is used to execute the instructions issued by the control instructions to make the swing ball produce physical actions.

[0013] According to a novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by the present invention, the control instruction generation step includes: Set the Wi-Fi module in the MCU to STA mode and connect to the wireless network; Connect the CONNECT control message of the MQTT protocol to the cloud server through the Wi-Fi module; Use the SUBSCRIBE control message in the MQTT protocol to receive messages published by the cloud server; When the MQTT protocol control message is sent to the cloud server, the Wi-Fi module receives the physical quantity information from the cloud server and sends it to the MCU; It is judged whether the physical quantity information is at a low level, and if so, the electromagnet generates magnetism, otherwise, the electromagnet loses its magnetism.

[0014] A novel single-pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by the present invention comprises: a positioning module comprising a pole positioner, a track positioner and a calibration positioner; a spherical groove is arranged on the front of the pole positioner for placing a pendulum ball, and a cylindrical groove is arranged on the back of the pole positioner for fixing an electromagnet; the track positioner comprises a screw rod assembly, a damper and a fixed groove, the screw rod assembly comprises a screw rod and a linear guide rail, the screw rod and the linear guide rail are slidably connected, the fixed groove is fixedly connected to a copper nut on the screw rod, one end of the damper is fixedly connected to a copper nut on a linear guide rail, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pole positioner, the calibration position is fixedly connected to the track positioner, the positioning module also comprises a calibration positioner and a copper nut fixed to the screw rod assembly by screws, and the screws at the connection between the calibration positioner and the linear guide rail are adjusted to achieve stable calibration; an angle mark is arranged on the calibration surface, and the angle mark is used to determine the deflection angle of the pole positioner.

[0015] A novel single pendulum magnetic energy locator provided by the present invention includes: the specific operation of the single pendulum magnetic energy locator to measure the local acceleration experiment is: Step 1: Adjust the single pendulum magnetic locator to a horizontal level; Adjust the pendulum length of the pendulum ball to length L; Conduct k ball swing test experiments and record the experimental data; Step 2: Adjust the single pendulum magnetic locator to a horizontal level; The pendulum length of the pendulum ball is adjusted to L0+kd, where L0 is the initial length, k is the number of experiments, and d is the length increased each time; After adjusting the pendulum length of the pendulum ball each time, a pendulum ball test experiment is carried out and the experimental data is recorded.

[0016] The present invention provides a novel single pendulum magnetic energy locator, and the pendulum ball test experiment includes: Install the positioning module and the fixed magnetic module on the pendulum; Adjust the position of the swing plate, set the swing angle to δ, put the pendulum ball into the fixed-pole groove, close the switch, so that the electromagnet generates magnetism, and the pendulum ball is firmly in the groove; Connect the photogate to a computer-type digital millisecond counter, plug in the power supply, and set the number of cycles of the computer-type digital millisecond counter to b.

[0017] A novel single-pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by the present invention comprises: a positioning module and a fixed magnet module are installed on the single-pendulum magnetic energy positioner.

[0018] The experimental data are processed by averaging, including: Assume that the experimental data are x1, x2, …, x k ,The calculation formula of the experimental data mean is:

[0019] In the formula, k is the number of experiments.

[0020] The new single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by the present invention replaces manual operation by intelligently controlling the electromagnet, thereby solving the problem of low experimental success rate and inaccurate experimental data caused by the frequent collision of the pendulum ball with the photoelectric gate in the experiment, and the beneficial effects achieved are: By intelligently controlling the electromagnet, the pendulum ball can be precisely positioned. This function eliminates the positioning error that may occur in traditional manual operation, ensuring that the pendulum ball can be accurately placed in the predetermined position in each experiment. The intelligently controlled electromagnet can also achieve the regular release of the pendulum ball. During the release process, the electromagnet can release the pendulum ball in a stable and controllable manner according to the preset procedures and parameters, thereby avoiding the torque deviation that may occur during manual release. Due to the realization of precise positioning and regular release, the new quality single pendulum magnetic energy locator can significantly improve the accuracy of the experiment. This helps to obtain more accurate and reliable experimental data and provide strong support for scientific research. By integrating advanced software and hardware technologies, the new quality single pendulum magnetic energy locator has achieved a high degree of intelligence. This includes functions such as automatic data acquisition, processing and analysis, making the experimental process more efficient and convenient. Using 3D printing technology, pendulum devices of different shapes and sizes can be customized according to experimental requirements. At the same time, the modular design thinking of C language enables the functions of the device to be expanded and modified as needed. Combined with big data technology, the new quality single pendulum magnetic energy locator can visualize experimental data in the form of charts, curves, etc. This helps experimenters understand experimental results and trends more intuitively, providing strong support for scientific decision-making.

[0021] The design of intelligent positioning and release of the pendulum ball makes the success rate of releasing the pendulum ball within 3 seconds higher than 95%, which greatly improves the success rate of the experiment. At the same time, the utilization rate of computer-type digital millisecond meter and photoelectric gate has also been significantly improved, further enhancing the reliability and accuracy of the experiment. Replacing manual release with intelligent magnetic release completely eliminates manual torque deviation and realizes the normalized motion trajectory of the pendulum ball. This not only ensures the accuracy of experimental measurement data, but also provides a reliable foundation for subsequent data analysis and scientific research.

[0022] The introduction of the new quality simple pendulum magnetic energy positioner has brought new opportunities for the teaching and scientific research of university physics experiments. By building a remote centralized control platform, the experimental design can be further optimized, the scope of teaching and scientific research can be expanded, and more abundant and diverse experimental resources can be provided for teachers and students. This device not only improves the scientificity and fun of the experiment, but also enhances the effect of popular science education. Through intuitive and vivid experimental demonstrations, it can help students better understand the principles of physics and stimulate their interest and enthusiasm in scientific exploration.

[0023] As an innovative physical experimental device, the design and application process of the new single pendulum magnetic energy positioner itself also has certain popular science value. By demonstrating the working principle and application effect of this device, scientific knowledge can be popularized to the public and the scientific literacy of the whole people can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of a new type of single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a physical structural schematic diagram of a fixed magnetic module of a new type single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a physical diagram of the interior of the fixed magnetic module controller of the new single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front circuit diagram of a fixed magnetic module of a new single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a reverse circuit diagram of a fixed magnetic module of a new single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a mobile phone operation page of a new single pendulum magnetic energy locator provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 1. It is a schematic diagram of a key interface of a new type single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a physical schematic diagram of a positioning module of a new type single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of a positioning module of a new type single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 It is an engineering drawing of a positioning module of a new type single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 It is an engineering drawing of the pole determination in the positioning module of the new single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 It is an engineering drawing of track determination in a positioning module of a new single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 It is an engineering drawing for calibration in a positioning module of a new-quality single-pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 21, controller integrated with ESP program; 22, electromagnet; 23, power switch of fixed magnetic module; 24, mode conversion switch; 81, pole fixing; 82, track fixing; 83, calibration; 84, screw rod assembly; 841, screw rod; 842, straight guide rail; 85, damper; 86, fixed groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by the embodiment of the present invention mainly comprises the following steps: The product mainly consists of two parts: the fixed magnetic module and the positioning module. In actual application, the electromagnet of the fixed magnetic module is placed in the fixed pole of the positioning module to locate the release point. The photoelectric gate is placed in the fixed slot of the positioning module to achieve stability.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the fixed magnet module realizes intelligent control of the magnetism of the electromagnet through hardware design and software programming, and is divided into a controller 21 integrating a single-chip microcomputer and an ESP program, an electromagnet 22, a power switch 23 of the fixed magnet module, wherein N represents ON and F represents OFF, and a mode conversion switch 24, wherein H represents HAND, i.e. manual gear, and A represents AUTO, i.e. automatic gear.

[0030] When operating manually, turn on the power switch first, then turn on the manual position (H) of the mode switch to generate magnetism and attract the ball. Turn off the power switch to release the ball.

[0031] like Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the hardware of the fixed magnet module includes three parts: electromagnet, single chip microcomputer and ESP. Among them, the single chip microcomputer I0 port controls the high and low levels. The low level makes the electromagnet generate magnetism and absorb the ball, while the high level loses magnetism and releases the ball. The ESP module realizes the intelligent control of the single chip microcomputer buttons by communicating with the mobile phone to realize the absorption and release of the ball. It emphasizes that a mobile phone can remotely and centrally control the synchronous positioning and release of 30 simple pendulums.

[0032] The STM32F103RCT6 microcontroller itself cannot directly constitute a complete intelligent control system. As one of the core components of the intelligent control system, the intelligent control system includes: Sensor modules are used to collect various physical quantity information of the environment or equipment. For the intelligent control system of the STM32F103RCT6 microcontroller, different sensors are selected according to the specific application scenarios. For example, if you want to build a temperature control system, choose the digital temperature sensor DS18B20. It has the characteristics of high precision and strong anti-interference ability, and can directly output digital signals for easy reading by the microcontroller.

[0033] Different sensors have different interface methods to communicate with the microcontroller. Through this protocol, the microcontroller sends instructions to the sensor and reads the temperature data. For sensors with I2C interface, it is necessary to connect the SCL and SDA wires to the corresponding I2C pins of the microcontroller. During communication, the microcontroller acts as the master device and transmits data with the sensor according to the I2C protocol to realize the reading of light intensity data.

[0034] The data collected by the sensor may contain noise or require certain conversion before it can be effectively used by the microcontroller. For example, the analog sensor outputs an analog voltage signal, which needs to be converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter of the STM32F103RCT6 microcontroller. During the conversion process, set the appropriate sampling frequency and resolution to ensure the accuracy of the collected data. For some digital sensors, simple verification and analysis of the data is required. For example, the temperature data output by the DS18B20 is in 16-bit binary format. The microcontroller needs to parse it according to the format specified in the sensor's data manual to obtain the actual temperature value.

[0035] The control module is used to process the data collected by the sensor using the STM32F103RCT6 and generate control instructions according to the control algorithm. The specific process is as follows: The program is initialized after power-on, and the ATK-ESP8266Wi-Fi module is set to STA mode and connected to the wireless network.

[0036] The STM32F103RCT6 connects to the cloud server via the ATK-ESP8266-Wi-Fi module using the CONNECT control message of the MQTT protocol.

[0037] The STM32F103RCT6 uses the ATK-ESP8266-Wi-Fi module and the SUBSCRIBE control message in the MQTT protocol to send to the cloud server in order to receive the messages published by the applet through the cloud server.

[0038] When the applet MQTT control message sends messages to the cloud server, the cloud server will forward these messages to the ATK-ESP8266-Wi-Fi module that has subscribed to the topic. After the ATK-ESP8266-Wi-Fi module receives these data, it will immediately send them to the STM32F103RCT6 microcontroller through serial port 3.

[0039] After receiving the data, the STM32F103RCT6 microcontroller will first identify the command type to determine what type of instruction the received data is. Then, it will further separate the parameters in the data, which include the device number to be controlled, the operation type, the operation parameters, etc.

[0040] According to the identified command type and separated parameters, STM32F103RCT6 executes the corresponding control logic and drives external devices or performs specific operations by controlling the high and low levels of the serial port. This process realizes the complete control link from the applet to the cloud server, then to the STM32F103RCT6 microcontroller, and finally to the external device.

[0041] The STM32F103RCT6 microcontroller itself does not directly constitute a complete intelligent control system, but it serves as one of the core components of an intelligent control system.

[0042] The actuator module is used to execute the instructions issued by the controller and produce corresponding physical actions. Different types of actuators are selected according to different application scenarios. In a motor control system, DC motors are commonly used actuators, which realize various motion control tasks by controlling the speed and direction of the motor. For some systems that require precise position control, stepper motors are selected. It can rotate accurately according to a fixed step angle and is widely used in equipment such as printers and CNC machine tools. In the lighting system of smart homes, LED drivers are actuators that adjust the brightness of LED lights according to the instructions of the controller.

[0043] Driving mode and interface connection: Different actuators require different driving modes. Taking DC motors as an example, motor driver chips are usually required to drive them. STM32F103RCT6 outputs control signals to the motor driver chip through GPIO pins, and the motor driver chip then amplifies the control signals to provide sufficient current and voltage to drive the motor. For LED drivers, control is performed through PWM signals. The PWM output pin of STM32F103RCT6 is connected to the control end of the LED driver, and the brightness of the LED light is adjusted by changing the duty cycle of the PWM signal. When connecting, attention should be paid to issues such as signal level matching and electrical isolation to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system.

[0044] Some actuators provide feedback signals to improve control accuracy. For example, a motor with an encoder feeds back the motor's position and speed information to a microcontroller. Based on this feedback information, the microcontroller adjusts the control signal in real time to achieve more precise motion control. In the control process, the dynamic characteristics and response time of the actuator also need to be considered.

[0045] Communication module, inside the intelligent control system, the STM32F103RCT6 needs to communicate efficiently with each module. These internal communication methods can ensure the accurate transmission of data and the coordinated work of the system. The system also needs to communicate with external devices, such as uploading data to a cloud server via Ethernet, Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, or remotely controlling terminal devices such as smartphones. This external communication function is particularly important for intelligent control systems that require remote monitoring and management.

[0046] Choose the appropriate communication protocol and module according to different communication needs. If you want to achieve short-range wireless communication, choose a Bluetooth module. It uses the Bluetooth protocol and can easily pair and communicate with devices such as smartphones. The Ethernet module supports the TCP / IP protocol, connects the system to the local area network or the Internet, and realizes remote data transmission. When choosing a communication module, you need to consider factors such as communication distance, transmission rate, and power consumption.

[0047] During the communication process, it is necessary to ensure the correct transmission of data and the security of the system. For internal communication, data verification and error handling are required to prevent data transmission errors from causing system failures. For external communication, in addition to data verification, security measures such as data encryption and user authentication also need to be considered.

[0048] The new single pendulum magnetic positioner controls the magnetism of the electromagnet through ESP and buttons. The specific operations are as follows: Before starting the experiment, install the positioning module to ensure that the swing angle is no greater than 5°.

[0049] Press an independent button or operate the phone to power on.

[0050] Place the center of the pendulum ball at the center of the electromagnet, suck the ball and let go.

[0051] Release the independent button or the mobile phone operation, cut off the power, and the swing ball performs simple harmonic vibration.

[0052] Photogate metering cycle number and statistical time.

[0053] The ESP response time is 10 milliseconds.

[0054] like Figure 6-Figure 7As shown, for intelligent operation, you need to download "HTTP shortcuts" first, install and run the "shortcuts.zip" system installation package, and then generate an intelligent control icon on the desktop. After that, turn on the power switch and turn the mode switch to automatic.

[0055] like Figure 8-Figure 13 As shown in the figure, the positioning module is realized by 3D printing, including three parts: the pole 81, the track 82 and the calibration 83. The front of the pole 81 is a 2 / 5 spherical groove for placing the pendulum ball, and the back is a cylindrical groove for fixing the electromagnet to realize intelligent suction and release of the pendulum ball. The track 82 is composed of a screw assembly 84, a damper 85, and a fixed groove 86. The three work together - the calibration is fixed with the copper nut on the screw, and at the same time, it is in close contact with the surface of the track 82 to generate a certain support force, making the structure more stable. The stability and measurement accuracy of the track and the entire system are improved, and a precise motion track is provided for the pendulum ball. In the engineering drawing of the track, the fixed groove is used to fix the photoelectric gate and avoid unnecessary rotation of the track. The screw and the damper adapt to the changes in the pendulum length and swing angle by adjusting the position and angle of the pole, and at the same time can ensure that the center of the ball and the cycloid are in line. The calibration 83 is near the pole and is fixed to the straight guide rail of the screw rod with a copper nut by screws. The screws at the connection between the calibration and the guide rail are adjusted as needed to achieve stable calibration. At the same time, the surface of the calibration 83 has angle markings and product logos. The angle markings are used to determine the deflection angle of the pole 81.

[0056] The specific operation of the experiment of measuring gravity acceleration with a single pendulum is as follows: Step 1: Adjust the single pendulum magnetic positioner to a horizontal position.

[0057] Adjust the pendulum length of the pendulum ball to length L.

[0058] Carry out k ball swing test experiments and record the experimental data.

[0059] Step 2: Adjust the single pendulum magnetic locator to a horizontal position.

[0060] Adjust the pendulum length of the pendulum ball to L0+kd in sequence, where L0 is the initial length, k is the number of experiments, and d is the length increased each time.

[0061] After adjusting the pendulum length of the pendulum ball each time, a pendulum ball test experiment is carried out and the experimental data is recorded.

[0062] Install the positioning module and the fixed magnetic module on the pendulum.

[0063] Adjust the position of the swing plate, take the swing angle as δ, put the swing ball into the groove of the fixed pole 81, close the switch, so that the electromagnet generates magnetism, and the swing ball is firmly in the groove.

[0064] Connect the photogate to a computer-type digital millisecond counter, plug in the power supply, and set the number of cycles of the computer-type digital millisecond counter to b.

[0065] In this embodiment, the swing angle of the pendulum ball is 4.5°, the number of cycles of the computer digital millisecond meter is 50, and the experimental data is processed by averaging, including: Assume that the experimental data are x1, x2, …, x k ,The calculation formula of the experimental data mean is:

[0066] In the formula, k is the number of experiments.

[0067] Measurement / parameter range: pendulum angle θ range (2.5°, 5°), pendulum ball mass range (10g, 20g) (determined by the electromagnet function), pendulum ball radius adaptation range (5mm, 15mm), pendulum length l range (30cm, 120cm), cycle counting range (30, 60), mobile phone ESP control distance (0m, 10m).

[0068] Accuracy range: pendulum ball mass deviation ±1g, pendulum ball deviation from track ±0.1cm, pendulum length deviation ±0.5mm, gravity acceleration calculation error ±1%.

[0069] Things to note are as follows: Before the experiment, the instrument must be leveled to ensure that the cycloid, reflector, and swing plate are symmetrical.

[0070] Avoid dropping the fixed magnetic module to the ground and charge it in time.

[0071] After the pendulum ball is placed in the fixed pole, be sure to adjust the pendulum length and swing angle through the screw rod and damper, and make the center of the ball collinear with the cycloid line.

[0072] The calibration surface is a special logo - the overall background is ocean blue, representing technology and innovation. The main body is the new quality single pendulum magnetic energy locator. The surrounding is a 1 / 4 circle scale, which is convenient for adjusting the polarization angle. The wireless logo above represents the intelligent control of the product. The star is homophonic to "new" and represents the innovative thinking of the product, which also corresponds to the name of the work, the new quality single pendulum magnetic energy locator. The wireless logo and the star are connected by a dotted line to represent full signal coverage and unlimited distance transmission.

[0073] The new single pendulum magnetic energy positioner provided by the present invention replaces manual operation by intelligently controlling the electromagnet, thereby solving the problem of low experimental success rate and inaccurate experimental data caused by the frequent collision of the pendulum ball with the photoelectric gate in the experiment, and the beneficial effects achieved are: Compared with the existing technology, the introduction of the new quality single pendulum magnetic energy positioner makes the experiment highly efficient, accurate and of high scientific value. The high efficiency is due to the fact that the product uses software and hardware technologies such as Internet+, big data, 3D printing and C language modular design thinking. Through intelligent positioning and release of the pendulum ball, the success rate of releasing the pendulum ball within 3 seconds is higher than 95%, which greatly improves the success rate of the experiment and the utilization rate of the computer-type digital millisecond meter and photoelectric gate. The high precision is due to the replacement of manual release with intelligent magnetic release, which completely eliminates the manual torque deviation and realizes the normalized motion trajectory of the pendulum ball, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the experimental measurement data. The high scientific value is due to the fact that the introduction of the product has built a single pendulum remote centralized control platform, which can further optimize the scientificity and integration of the experiment, expand the teaching and scientific research fields of university physics experiments, and bring new space for popular science education.

[0074] The new single pendulum magnetic energy positioner uses intelligent control electromagnets to replace manual operation, which can solve the problems of accurate positioning of the pendulum ball, regular release, and stability of the photoelectric gate (fixed slot). It not only meets the flexibility of pendulum length and pendulum angle changes in the experiment, but also improves the success rate of the experiment and data accuracy. At the same time, it realizes remote centralized control of multiple single pendulums, which has high scientific value.

[0075] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components are or are not physically separated, and the components shown as units are or are not physical units, that is, located in one place, or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules are selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without creative work.

[0076] Through the description of the above implementation modes, those skilled in the art clearly understand that each implementation mode can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware. Based on such an understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art is embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for a computer device (a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods of each embodiment or some parts of the embodiment.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments are still modified, or some of the technical features thereof are replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. New quality single pendulum magnetic locator, characterized by: include: A fixed magnet module is used to intelligently control the magnetism of the electromagnet; the fixed magnet module includes a single-chip microcomputer, an electromagnet, a power switch and a mode conversion switch, the single-chip microcomputer is used to control the conversion of the high and low levels of the electromagnet by switching the I0 port, the electromagnet generates magnetism when the level is low, and loses magnetism when the level is high; the power switch is used to control the power on and off of the fixed magnet module; the mode conversion switch is used to switch between manual and automatic operation modes; Positioning module, used for fixed support of the swing ball and intelligent suction and placement of the swing ball.

2. The novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The locator also includes: A leveling module, used for leveling the single pendulum magnetic positioner; A pendulum module, used for adjusting the pendulum length of the pendulum ball; A swing angle adjustment module, used for adjusting the swing angle of the swing ball; The cycle setting module is used to set the number of cycles of the millisecond meter.

3. The novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixed magnet module further comprises: a controller, and the controller is used to control the suction and release of the pendulum ball.

4. The novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The controller comprises: Sensor module, used to collect physical quantity information of the environment and equipment; A control module, used for processing the physical quantity information and generating control instructions; The actuator module is used to execute the instructions issued by the control instructions to make the swing ball produce physical actions.

5. The novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In the control module, the step of generating the control instruction includes: Setting the Wi-Fi module in the microcontroller to STA mode and connecting to a wireless network; Connecting the CONNECT control message of the MQTT protocol to the cloud server through the Wi-Fi module; Using the SUBSCRIBE control message in the MQTT protocol, receiving the message published by the cloud server; When the MQTT protocol controls the message to the cloud server, the Wi-Fi module receives the physical quantity information from the cloud server and sends it to the single chip microcomputer; It is determined whether the physical quantity information is at a low level. If it is, the electromagnet generates magnetism, otherwise, the electromagnet loses magnetism.

6. The novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The positioning module includes a pole fixer, a rail fixer and a calibration fixer; a spherical groove is provided on the front of the pole fixer for placing the pendulum ball, and a cylindrical groove is provided on the back of the pole fixer for fixing the electromagnet; the rail fixer includes a screw assembly, a damper and a fixed groove, the screw assembly includes a screw and a linear guide rail, the screw and the linear guide rail are slidably connected, the fixed groove is fixedly connected to the copper nut on the screw, one end of the damper is fixedly connected to the copper nut on the linear guide rail, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pole fixer, and the calibration fixer is fixedly connected to the rail fixer.

7. The novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The positioning module also includes the calibration and copper nut fixed on the lead screw assembly by screws, and the screws at the connection between the calibration and the linear guide rail are adjusted to stabilize the calibration; the calibration surface is provided with an angle marking, and the angle marking is used to determine the deflection angle of the calibration.

8. The novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The specific operation of the single pendulum magnetic energy locator to measure the local acceleration experiment is: Step 1: Adjust the single pendulum magnetic locator to a horizontal position; Adjust the pendulum length of the pendulum ball to a length L; Conduct k ball swing test experiments and record the experimental data; Step 2: Adjust the single pendulum magnetic locator to a horizontal position; The pendulum length of the pendulum ball is adjusted to L0+kd in sequence, where L0 is the initial length, k is the number of experiments, and d is the length increased each time; After adjusting the pendulum length of the pendulum ball each time, a pendulum ball test experiment is performed and the experimental data is recorded.

9. The novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The pendulum ball test experiment includes: Installing the positioning module and the fixed magnetic module on the simple pendulum; Adjust the position of the swing plate, set the swing angle to δ, put the swing ball into the fixed-pole groove, close the switch, so that the electromagnet generates magnetism, and the swing ball is firmly in the groove; Connect the photogate to a computer-type digital millisecond counter, plug in the power supply, and set the number of cycles of the computer-type digital millisecond counter to b.

10. The novel single pendulum magnetic energy positioner according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The experimental data are processed by averaging, including: Assume that the experimental data are x1, x2, …, x k ,The calculation formula of the experimental data mean is: In the formula, k is the number of experiments.

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