Circuit breaker with measurement function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, and discloses a circuit breaker with a measuring function, which comprises a shell, a circuit breaker system is arranged in the shell, terminals are uniformly arranged in the shell, the outer wall of the shell is rotatably connected with a rotating rod, one end of the rotating rod is fixedly provided with a pinching handle, and the other end of the rotating rod is fixedly provided with a handle. The other end of the rotating rod is symmetrically and fixedly provided with a metal plate, one side of the metal plate is fixedly provided with a plurality of contact pieces, the outer walls of the contact pieces are arranged at one end of the terminal, the terminal is internally provided with a clamping groove, the contact pieces are located in the clamping groove of the terminal, and the other side of the metal plate is fixedly provided with a conduction rod. Through cooperation of the pinching handle, the rotating rod, the metal plate and the contact piece, stable opening and closing operation can be achieved, the operation structure is simplified, opening and closing are achieved through simple rotation operation of the pinching handle and the rotating rod, the fault risk caused by complex mechanical transmission is reduced, and the problem that faults are likely to occur in opening and closing of the circuit breaker is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, and in particular to a circuit breaker with a measuring function. Background Art

[0002] In modern power systems, circuit breakers are one of the key devices to ensure the safety and stability of power supply. With the continuous expansion of power system scale, increasing complexity and the continuous improvement of power supply reliability and power quality requirements, the functional limitations of traditional circuit breakers have gradually become apparent.

[0003] The traditional circuit breaker has a complex internal structure during the opening and closing operation, involving the linkage of multiple components and complex mechanical transmission processes. This not only leads to a relatively slow response speed of the opening and closing operation, but also in the long-term operation process, the complex internal structure is prone to mechanical wear, jamming and other faults, which increases the maintenance cost and difficulty of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a circuit breaker with a measuring function, which solves the problem that the circuit breaker is prone to failure during opening and closing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention implements a circuit breaker with a measuring function through the following technical scheme, comprising a shell, a circuit breaker system is installed inside the shell, terminals are evenly arranged inside the shell, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the shell, a pinch handle is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating rod, a metal plate is symmetrically fixedly arranged at the other end of the rotating rod, a plurality of contact pieces are fixedly arranged on one side of the metal plate, the outer wall of the contact piece is arranged at one end of the terminal, a card slot is arranged inside the terminal, the contact piece is located in the card slot of the terminal, a conduction rod is fixedly arranged on the other side of the metal plate, a copper coil is arranged at one end of the conduction rod, an electromagnet is arranged on the inner wall of the copper coil, a bobbin is arranged inside the electromagnet, a fixing rod is arranged at the bottom end of the bobbin, one end of the fixing rod is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating rod, an arc extinguishing plate is arranged on the side wall of the metal plate, and both sides of the arc extinguishing plate are arranged on the inner wall of the shell.

[0006] Preferably, the circuit breaker system includes a measuring module, an intelligent control module, a communication module, an execution module, and a power supply module. The measuring module is used to collect the working status of the circuit breaker and the surrounding environmental parameters, and provide data support for the intelligent operation of the circuit breaker. The intelligent control module is used to process the data of the measuring module. The communication module is used to realize the interconnection between the circuit breaker and external equipment, and to cooperate with different protocols for data exchange. The execution module is used to receive instructions from the intelligent control module and complete the opening and closing actions. The power supply module is used to provide stable and adaptive electric energy and can convert different input power supplies.

[0007] Preferably, the circuit breaker system is used to receive electrical signals sent by the measurement module, the intelligent control module, the communication module, the execution module, and the power supply module, and monitor and feedback the working status.

[0008] Preferably, the measurement module includes a sensor unit, a harmonic measurement submodule, a leakage current measurement submodule, and a non-contact measurement submodule. The sensor unit is used to sense the physical quantities of current, voltage, temperature, and humidity when the circuit breaker is working, and provide accurate data basis for measurement, control, protection and fault diagnosis functions.

[0009] Preferably, the harmonic measurement submodule is used to sample and perform spectrum analysis on voltage and current signals, so as to accurately measure the harmonic content, amplitude and phase of each harmonic in the power grid, and provide data for evaluating the power quality. The leakage current measurement submodule is used to detect the leakage current in the line, and provide data support for ensuring the safety of electricity use. The non-contact measurement submodule is used to measure the physical quantity of an object without direct contact with the object being measured.

[0010] Preferably, the intelligent control module includes a microprocessor unit, a fault diagnosis and early warning unit, and an adaptive protection unit. The microprocessor unit is used to collect and process data from the measurement module, run various fault diagnosis and adaptive protection algorithms, coordinate the work of each module in the system, store programs, data and historical operation records, and the fault diagnosis and early warning unit is used to analyze the circuit breaker operating parameters in real time, quickly diagnose the fault type, and promptly issue an early warning when the fault probability exceeds the threshold or an abnormality is found. The adaptive protection unit is used to dynamically adjust the protection threshold according to the load condition of the circuit breaker, and adaptively control the reclosing switch according to the fault type and the power grid status after the fault tripping, to ensure that the circuit breaker protects the safety of the power system under different working conditions.

[0011] Preferably, the communication module includes a protocol parsing and adaptation unit and a data transmission unit. The protocol parsing and adaptation unit is used to parse the communication protocol, select and adapt the appropriate protocol according to the needs, so that the circuit breaker can smoothly interact with other devices. The data transmission unit is used to upload the measurement data and operation status information of the circuit breaker to the distributed control center, and receive instructions from the control center to ensure two-way flow of information.

[0012] Preferably, the execution module includes an operating mechanism and a protection device, wherein the operating mechanism is used to receive instructions and drive the circuit breaker contacts to open and close, and the protection device is used to quickly trigger the circuit breaker to trip and cut off the circuit when the current and voltage abnormalities exceed the set threshold.

[0013] Preferably, the power supply module includes a power supply unit, which is used to convert the input power supply, provide an adaptive multi-channel voltage for the circuit breaker module, and provide overvoltage, undervoltage and overcurrent protection.

[0014] Preferably, the sensor unit includes current, voltage measurement, temperature, and humidity measurement. The current and voltage measurements are used to obtain the current and voltage of the circuit where the circuit breaker is located, providing a data basis for fault judgment, power quality assessment, and control protection strategies. The temperature and humidity measurements are used to monitor the operating environment of the circuit breaker to prevent faults caused by abnormal temperature and humidity, and also to evaluate the maintenance and performance of the equipment.

[0015] The present invention provides a circuit breaker with a measuring function, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can realize stable opening and closing operations through the cooperation of the pinch handle, the rotating rod, the metal plate and the contact piece, simplifies the operating structure, realizes opening and closing by simple rotation operation of the pinch handle and the rotating rod, reduces the risk of failure caused by complex mechanical transmission, and solves the problem that the circuit breaker opening and closing is prone to failure.

[0016] 2. The present invention uses real-time data from the sensor unit for the circuit breaker to measure faults, which is beneficial to improving power quality, enhancing the stability of the power system, avoiding electric shock accidents and electrical fires, and solving the problem of potential safety hazards in electricity use.

[0017] 3. The present invention uses a microprocessor unit to efficiently process errors in a large amount of data, effectively reducing erroneous actions, ensuring stable and reliable operation of the circuit breaker in a complex and changeable power system, and solving the problem of unintelligent control of traditional circuit breakers.

[0018] 4. The present invention enables the distributed control center to grasp the dynamics of the circuit breaker in real time through wired or wireless transmission, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can make accurate decisions and adjust the power system operation strategy in time to ensure the reliability and stability of power supply, thus solving the problem of limited information transmission.

[0019] 5. The present invention realizes stable opening and closing of contacts and terminals through electromagnetic drive, ensures normal on-off of circuit breaker, meets the operation requirements under various working conditions of power system, and solves the problem of low reliability of opening and closing operation.

[0020] 6. The present invention can convert input power of different forms and voltages into multi-channel stable voltages adapted to each module of the circuit breaker through the power module, ensuring that each module works normally in a complex power environment and solving the problem of power adaptation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a front perspective schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2It is a partial three-dimensional structure cross-sectional view of the shell of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the local three-dimensional structure of the rotating rod of the present invention; Figure 4 is a system module architecture diagram of the circuit breaker system of the present invention; Figure 5 A system module architecture diagram of the measurement module of the present invention; Figure 6 A system module architecture diagram of the intelligent control module of the present invention; Figure 7 A system module architecture diagram of the communication module of the present invention; Figure 8 A system module architecture diagram of an execution module of the present invention; Fig. 9 4 is a system module architecture diagram of the power module of the present invention.

[0022] Among them, 1. Shell; 2. Terminal; 3. Rotating rod; 4. Pinch handle; 5. Arc extinguishing plate; 6. Contact piece; 7. Metal plate; 8. Conducting rod; 9. Copper coil; 10. Fixed rod; 11. Measurement module; 12. Intelligent control module; 13. Communication module; 14. Execution module; 15. Power supply module; 16. Sensor unit; 17. Harmonic measurement submodule; 18. Leakage current measurement submodule; 19. Non-contact measurement submodule; 20. Microprocessor unit; 21. Fault diagnosis and early warning unit; 22. Adaptive protection unit; 23. Protocol analysis and adaptation unit; 24. Data transmission unit; 25. Operating mechanism; 26. Protection device; 27. Power supply unit; 28. Circuit breaker system; 29. ​​Electromagnet; 30. Bobbin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example: Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3The embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit breaker with a measuring function, including a shell 1, a circuit breaker system 28 is installed inside the shell 1, terminals 2 are evenly arranged inside the shell 1, a rotating rod 3 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the shell 1, a pinch handle 4 is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating rod 3, a metal plate 7 is symmetrically fixedly arranged at the other end of the rotating rod 3, a plurality of contact pieces 6 are fixedly arranged on one side of the metal plate 7, the outer wall of the contact piece 6 is arranged at one end of the terminal 2, a card slot is arranged inside the terminal 2, the contact piece 6 is located in the card slot of the terminal 2, a conduction rod 8 is fixedly arranged on the other side of the metal plate 7, a copper coil 9 is arranged at one end of the conduction rod 8, an electromagnet 29 is arranged on the inner wall of the copper coil 9, a bobbin 30 is arranged inside the electromagnet 29, a fixing rod 10 is arranged at the bottom end of the bobbin 30, one end of the fixing rod 10 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating rod 3, an arc extinguishing plate 5 is arranged on the side wall of the metal plate 7, and both sides of the arc extinguishing plate 5 are arranged on the inner wall of the shell 1.

[0025] Specifically, when current flows through the circuit breaker, the current will pass through the copper coil 9. At this time, the strength of the current determines the magnitude of the magnetic force generated by the copper coil 9. Under normal operating current, the magnetic force generated by the copper coil 9 is small. However, when an overload occurs in the circuit, that is, when the current is too large, the magnetic field generated by the copper coil 9 is strong enough. This strong magnetic field will exert a force on the bobbin 30 located inside the electromagnet 29, pulling the bobbin 30. After the bobbin 30 is pulled, it will push the fixed rod 10. Since one end of the fixed rod 10 is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating rod 3, the rotating rod 3 will rotate due to this driving force, thereby moving the metal plate 7, causing the contact piece 6 to disengage from the card slot of the terminal 2, thereby cutting off the circuit and achieving electromagnetic overload protection. During normal opening and closing operations, the operator drives the rotating rod 3 to rotate by turning the pinch handle 4. The metal plate 7 at one end of the rotating rod 3 will move with the rotation of the rotating rod 3, and the contact piece 6 on the metal plate 7 cooperates with the terminal 2 through the card slot structure. When closing the switch, turn the handle 4 to rotate the rotating rod 3, and the contact 6 is inserted into the slot of the terminal 2 to connect the circuit; when opening the switch, turn the handle 4 in the opposite direction, and the contact 6 is removed from the slot of the terminal 2, and the circuit is disconnected. When an arc is generated during the closing and opening operation, the arc extinguishing plate 5 on the side wall of the metal plate 7 starts to work. The arc extinguishing plate 5 uses its special material and shape to guide the arc to its own surface. The arc will quickly dissipate heat and be divided on the arc extinguishing plate 5, so that the arc is extinguished, avoiding the arc from damaging the contact 6 and the terminal 2.

[0026] Through the precise coordination of the handle 4, the rotating rod 3, the metal plate 7 and the contact piece 6, a relatively accurate and stable opening and closing operation can be achieved. The operator can easily control the on and off state of the circuit breaker by turning the handle 4. When operating the circuit breaker, the traditional circuit breaker may cause opening and closing failures due to the complex mechanical structure and unstable contact of the contacts. By simplifying the operating structure and realizing the opening and closing of the circuit breaker by simply turning the handle 4 and the rotating rod 3, the risk of failure caused by complex mechanical transmission is reduced, and the problem of easy failure of the circuit breaker opening and closing is solved.

[0027] Please see attached Figure 4 -Attached Fig. 9 The circuit breaker system 28 includes a measuring module 11, an intelligent control module 12, a communication module 13, an execution module 14, and a power module 15. The measuring module 11 is used to collect the working status of the circuit breaker and the surrounding environment parameters, and provide data support for the intelligent operation of the circuit breaker. The intelligent control module 12 is used to process the data of the measuring module 11. The communication module 13 is used to realize the interconnection between the circuit breaker and the external equipment, and to cooperate with different protocols for data interaction. The execution module 14 is used to receive the instructions of the intelligent control module 12 and complete the opening and closing actions. The power module 15 is used to provide stable and adaptive electric energy and can convert different input power supplies. The circuit breaker system 28 is used to receive the electrical signals sent by the measuring module 11, the intelligent control module 12, the communication module 13, the execution module 14, and the power module 15, and monitor and feedback the working status.

[0028] Specifically, the circuit breaker system 28 works in coordination, the measurement module 11 collects the circuit breaker working status and surrounding environment parameters, such as the sensor unit 16 uses electromagnetic induction to measure current and voltage, thermistor to measure temperature and humidity, the harmonic measurement submodule 17 uses algorithms to analyze voltage and current spectra, the leakage current measurement submodule 18 relies on mutual inductors to monitor leakage current, the non-contact measurement submodule 19 uses non-contact means to measure physical quantities, and the data is transmitted to the intelligent control module 12. The intelligent control module 12 processes the data, the microprocessor unit 20 comprehensively judges the operating status according to the algorithm, the fault diagnosis and early warning unit 21 warns when the fault probability exceeds the standard or the parameter is abnormal, and the adaptive protection unit 22 adjusts the protection threshold and controls the reclosing according to the load. The communication module 13 connects the circuit breaker with external equipment, the protocol analysis and adaptation unit 23 analyzes the adaptation protocol, and the data transmission unit 24 transmits data to the control center using wired or wireless technology. The execution module 14 follows the instructions of the intelligent control module 12, and the operating mechanism 25 drives the rotating rod 3 to rotate, driving the metal plate 7 to move, so that the contact piece 6 and the terminal 2 are opened and closed, and the protection device 26 cuts off the circuit when the current and voltage exceed the threshold. The power supply module 15 supplies power, and the power supply unit 27 receives the power supply and converts it to provide an adaptive voltage for each module, and the stability is guaranteed by the protection circuit.

[0029] Please see attached Figure 4 -Attached Figure 5 The measurement module 11 includes a sensor unit 16, a harmonic measurement submodule 17, a leakage current measurement submodule 18, and a non-contact measurement submodule 19. The sensor unit 16 is used to sense the current, voltage, temperature, and humidity physical quantities of the circuit breaker when it is working, and provide accurate data basis for measurement, control, protection and fault diagnosis functions. The harmonic measurement submodule 17 is used to sample and perform spectrum analysis on voltage and current signals, so as to accurately measure the harmonic content, amplitude and phase of each harmonic in the power grid, and provide data for evaluating the power quality. The leakage current measurement submodule 18 is used to detect the leakage current in the line and provide data support for ensuring the safety of electricity use. The non-contact measurement submodule 19 is used to measure the physical quantity of the object without direct contact with the object being measured.

[0030] Specifically, the measurement module 11 works as a whole, wherein the sensor unit 16 is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The current passes through the conductor to change the magnetic field around the sensor. The induction coil converts this into an electrical signal to measure the current. The voltage divider resistor obtains the voltage value in proportion. The thermistor changes its resistance value with the temperature and reflects the temperature through circuit conversion. The humidity-sensitive capacitor changes its capacitance value according to the humidity and converts it into humidity through the supporting circuit. The current, voltage, temperature, and humidity physical quantities of the circuit breaker are captured in real time when the circuit breaker is working and the data is transmitted. The harmonic measurement submodule 17 first uses a high-precision sampling circuit to quickly and evenly sample the voltage and current signals to obtain a discrete sample sequence, and then uses a fast Fourier transform algorithm to convert the time domain signal into the frequency domain, and mines the spectrum data to accurately measure the harmonic content of the power grid, the amplitude and phase of each harmonic. The leakage current measurement submodule 18 relies on a highly sensitive zero-sequence current transformer to surround the phase line and the neutral line. Under normal circumstances, the vector sum of the current of the phase line and the neutral line is zero and there is no induced current. The vector sum of the leakage current is non-zero. The transformer generates an induced current proportional to the leakage current on the secondary side based on electromagnetic induction. After amplification and filtering, the leakage current is accurately detected and the data is transmitted. The non-contact measurement submodule 19 measures current using the principle of electromagnetic induction and mutual induction. The induction coil close to the conductor generates an electromotive force due to the alternating magnetic field, which is converted into a current value. To measure other physical quantities, optical sensors are used to emit and receive light. The relevant physical quantities are calculated based on the reflection, refraction or occlusion of the light combined with optical algorithms, so as to obtain physical quantity information without contacting the measured object.

[0031] The real-time data of the sensor unit 16 is used for circuit breaker measurement, control, protection and fault diagnosis. The data of the harmonic measurement submodule 17 provides a basis for power quality assessment, which is beneficial to improving power quality and enhancing the stability of the power system. The leakage current measurement submodule 18 detects in time to ensure power safety and avoid electric shock accidents and electrical fires. The non-contact measurement submodule 19 expands the measurement range to ensure safe and convenient measurement in special scenarios, solving the problem of safety hazards in power use.

[0032] Please see attached Figure 4 , Attachment Figure 6The intelligent control module 12 includes a microprocessor unit 20, a fault diagnosis and early warning unit 21, and an adaptive protection unit 22. The microprocessor unit 20 is used to collect and process data from the measurement module 11, run various fault diagnosis and adaptive protection algorithms, coordinate the work of various modules in the system, store programs, data and historical operation records, and the fault diagnosis and early warning unit 21 is used to analyze the circuit breaker operating parameters in real time, quickly diagnose the fault type, and issue a warning in time when the fault probability exceeds the threshold or an abnormality is found. The adaptive protection unit 22 is used to dynamically adjust the protection threshold according to the load condition of the circuit breaker, and adaptively control the reclosing according to the fault type and the power grid status after the fault tripping, so as to ensure that the circuit breaker protects the safety of the power system under different working conditions.

[0033] Specifically, the intelligent control module 12 works in coordination, and the microprocessor unit 20 receives the current, voltage, temperature, humidity, harmonics, leakage current and other data transmitted by the measurement module 11, and uses the built-in data processing algorithm to analyze and organize them. It runs the fault diagnosis algorithm according to the preset program logic, judges whether the data is abnormal by comparing the normal operating parameter range, and runs the adaptive protection algorithm at the same time, and determines the appropriate protection threshold according to the load current, voltage fluctuation and other conditions. In terms of the coordination module work, the microprocessor unit 20 communicates with other units through the data bus, sends control instructions, ensures that each module runs in an orderly manner, and stores the program, real-time data and historical operation records in the internal memory. The fault diagnosis and early warning unit 21 obtains the operating parameters processed by the microprocessor unit 20 in real time. Once it is found that the parameters deviate from the normal range, the fault probability exceeds the threshold, the current is overloaded for a long time, the voltage drops suddenly, etc., it immediately judges the fault type quickly according to the preset fault type discrimination rules, and issues an early warning to the operation and maintenance personnel through the sound and light alarm device or the communication module 13. The adaptive protection unit 22 dynamically adjusts the protection threshold according to the load information provided by the microprocessor unit 20, appropriately increases the overcurrent protection threshold when the load increases, and correspondingly reduces it when the load decreases. After the fault trips, based on the fault type determined by the fault diagnosis and early warning unit 21 and the real-time status of the power grid, such as the power grid voltage recovery status and whether the short-circuit point has been eliminated, the reclosing operation is adaptively controlled according to the pre-set reclosing strategy to decide whether to reclose immediately, how long to delay reclosing, or not to reclose at all.

[0034] The microprocessor unit 20 efficiently processes a large amount of data to provide a basis for the operation of the circuit breaker. The fault diagnosis and early warning unit 21 promptly detects potential faults and issues early warnings, allowing operation and maintenance personnel to intervene in advance. The adaptive protection unit 22 dynamically adjusts the protection strategy according to the operating conditions, effectively reducing erroneous operations and ensuring stable and reliable operation of the circuit breaker in a complex and changeable power system, solving the problem of the traditional circuit breaker control being unintelligent.

[0035] Please see attached Figure 4 , Attachment Figure 7 The communication module 13 includes a protocol parsing and adaptation unit 23 and a data transmission unit 24. The protocol parsing and adaptation unit 23 is used to parse the communication protocol, select and adapt the appropriate protocol according to the requirements, so that the circuit breaker can smoothly interact with other devices. The data transmission unit 24 is used to upload the measurement data and operation status information of the circuit breaker to the distributed control center, and receive the instructions of the control center to ensure the two-way flow of information.

[0036] Specifically, the communication module 13 operates in coordination, and the protocol parsing and adaptation unit 23, when receiving the communication data transmitted from the external device, first identifies the protocol identification information carried in the data packet header, and parses the common power communication protocols and some custom protocols according to the built-in multiple protocol parsing library, and disassembles the received data according to the corresponding protocol rules to extract key information, such as data type, data length, source address, and destination address. Then, according to the needs of the circuit breaker to interact with the target device, a suitable protocol conversion scheme is selected from the adaptation strategy table, and the data to be sent is encapsulated according to the protocol format supported by the target device to ensure that the data format matches and achieves smooth communication. The data transmission unit 24 adopts a transmission method combining wired and wireless. The wired part uses RS485, Ethernet and other interfaces, and according to the established communication rate, data bit, stop bit, check bit and other parameter settings, the measurement data of the circuit breaker, such as current, voltage, harmonic content and other values, and the operation status information, including the opening and closing status, fault alarm status, etc., are packaged into data frames and stably uploaded to the distributed control center through physical cables. The wireless part uses technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 4G / 5G, etc. to send data frames within the signal coverage range to cope with some scenarios where wiring is inconvenient or mobile transmission is required. At the same time, the data transmission unit 24 always monitors the instructions from the control center. Once the instructions are received, they are immediately parsed according to the receiving protocol and the valid instructions are passed to the intelligent control module 12 to perform the corresponding operation, ensuring smooth two-way flow of information.

[0037] Through wired or wireless transmission, the distributed control center can grasp the dynamics of the circuit breaker in real time, and the operation and maintenance personnel can make accurate decisions based on this, adjust the power system operation strategy in time, ensure the reliability and stability of power supply, and solve the problem of limited information transmission.

[0038] Please see attached Figure 4 , Attachment Figure 8 The execution module 14 includes an operating mechanism 25 and a protection device 26. The operating mechanism 25 is used to receive instructions and drive the circuit breaker contacts to open and close. The protection device 26 is used to quickly trigger the circuit breaker to trip and cut off the circuit when the current and voltage abnormalities exceed the set threshold.

[0039] Specifically, the execution module 14 works closely together, and after the operating mechanism 25 receives the opening and closing instructions from the intelligent control module 12, the electromagnetic coil inside it will be energized immediately. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the energized coil generates a magnetic field, and the magnetic field generates attraction on the magnet, driving the transmission rod connected to it to move, and the transmission rod then drives the rotating rod 3 to rotate, and the rotating rod 3 drives the metal plate 7 to move, so that the contact piece 6 and the terminal 2 complete the precise opening and closing action; the protection device 26 monitors the current and voltage in the circuit in real time, and uses the current transformer and the voltage transformer to collect the current and voltage signals. When the signal is processed and shows that the current and voltage are abnormal and exceed the set threshold, the electromagnetic release will act instantly, relying on the electromagnetic force to drive the tripping mechanism, so that the contact piece 6 quickly disengages from the terminal 2 to cut off the circuit.

[0040] The operating mechanism 25 realizes the stable opening and closing of the contact piece 6 and the terminal 2 through electromagnetic drive, ensuring the normal opening and closing of the circuit breaker, and meeting the operation requirements of the power system under various working conditions. The protection device 26 can quickly detect and respond to current and voltage anomalies, cut off the circuit at the moment of the fault, prevent the fault from expanding, and protect the power equipment and lines from excessive current and voltage shocks, solving the problem of low reliability of opening and closing operations.

[0041] Please see attached Figure 4 , Attachment Fig. 9 The power module 15 includes a power supply unit 27, which is used to convert the input power supply, provide an adaptive multi-channel voltage for the circuit breaker module, and provide overvoltage, undervoltage, and overcurrent protection.

[0042] Specifically, after the power supply unit 27 of the power module 15 is connected to the external input power supply, if it is AC power, the AC power is first converted into DC power through a rectifier bridge, and the unidirectional conductivity of the diode is used to convert the positive and negative half cycles of the AC power into DC power in the same direction; then, the noise in the DC power is filtered out through a filter capacitor to make the voltage waveform smoother and obtain a relatively stable DC voltage. If DC power is connected, it is also filtered to improve the power quality. After that, the output voltage is adjusted through a buck or boost switching converter according to the requirements of different modules, such as the microprocessor unit 20 requires low-voltage DC power such as 3.3V, 5V, and the electromagnetic drive component requires a higher voltage DC power. The switching converter uses the cooperation of inductance, capacitance and switching tube to store energy when the switching tube is turned on and release energy when it is turned off to achieve voltage conversion. At the same time, the power supply unit 27 has built-in overvoltage, undervoltage and overcurrent protection circuits. The overvoltage protection monitors the output voltage in real time through a voltage comparator. When the voltage is higher than the set upper limit, the switch tube is immediately controlled to stop working or the duty cycle is adjusted to reduce the output voltage; the undervoltage protection is similar, and the protection is started when the voltage is lower than the lower limit; the overcurrent protection uses a current transformer to detect the current. When the current exceeds the threshold, the circuit is quickly cut off or the current is limited to prevent damage to the equipment.

[0043] The power module 15 can convert input power of different forms and voltages into multi-channel stable voltages adapted to each module of the circuit breaker, ensuring that each module works normally in a complex power environment and solving the problem of power adaptation.

[0044] Please see attached Figure 5 The sensor unit 16 includes current, voltage measurement, temperature, and humidity measurement. The current and voltage measurement are used to obtain the current and voltage of the circuit where the circuit breaker is located, providing a data basis for fault judgment, power quality assessment, and control protection strategy. The temperature and humidity measurement is used to monitor the operating environment of the circuit breaker to prevent faults caused by abnormal temperature and humidity, and also to evaluate the maintenance and performance of the equipment.

[0045] Specifically, the sensor unit 16 works in coordination. The current measurement part is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When current flows through a conductor, a magnetic field is generated around it. The induction coil in the current sensor is placed in the magnetic field. The change in the magnetic field causes the coil to generate an induced electromotive force. The magnitude of this electromotive force is related to the strength of the current. The electromotive force is converted, amplified and converted to analog-to-digital through a specific circuit to accurately obtain the current value. The voltage measurement uses the principle of voltage-dividing resistors. The high-precision voltage-dividing resistors connected in series in the circuit divide the voltage to be measured in proportion. Then, after processing by circuits such as voltage followers and operational amplifiers, the voltage signal after voltage division is conditioned into a measurable standard signal, and then the voltage magnitude is accurately determined. Temperature measurement uses the characteristics of thermistors. Its resistance changes with the ambient temperature. The thermistor is connected to the bridge circuit. The temperature change causes the bridge to be unbalanced. The generated electrical signal is amplified, filtered, and converted to analog to digital to obtain an accurate temperature value. Humidity measurement relies on humidity-sensitive capacitors. The ambient humidity changes the capacitance value of the humidity-sensitive capacitor. The capacitor is part of the oscillation circuit. The humidity change causes the oscillation frequency to change. Then, the humidity data is obtained through frequency detection and conversion circuits. These measurement data are transmitted to subsequent related modules in real time.

[0046] The data obtained through current and voltage measurements can help maintenance personnel accurately determine whether the circuit is overloaded or short-circuited, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system. Temperature and humidity measurements can allow maintenance personnel to know the operating environment of the circuit breaker in real time, prevent abnormal temperature and humidity in advance, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0047] Working principle: Through the close cooperation of various modules of the circuit breaker system, efficient and intelligent operation can be achieved. In the measurement module, the sensor unit uses electromagnetic induction, voltage-dividing resistors, thermistors, humidity-sensitive capacitors and other principles to accurately sense current, voltage, temperature and humidity; the harmonic measurement submodule uses the fast Fourier transform algorithm to analyze the voltage and current spectrum to obtain harmonic information; the leakage current measurement submodule relies on the zero-sequence current transformer to monitor leakage; the non-contact measurement submodule uses electromagnetic or optical means to measure physical quantities, and collects data and transmits it to the intelligent control module. In the intelligent control module, the microprocessor unit processes data, runs algorithms, coordinates modules and stores information; the fault diagnosis and early warning unit analyzes parameters, diagnoses faults and issues early warnings in real time; the adaptive protection unit adjusts the protection threshold and reclosing strategy according to the load and fault conditions. In the communication module, the protocol parsing and adaptation unit parses the adaptation protocol, and the data transmission unit interacts with the outside in a wired or wireless manner. In the execution module, the operating mechanism drives the contacts to open and close with an electromagnetic or motor-driven rotating rod, and the protection device quickly cuts off the circuit when the current and voltage are abnormal. The power supply unit of the power module converts the input power, provides the adapted voltage for each module and provides power protection.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker with a measuring function, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: A circuit breaker system (28) is installed inside the housing (1), terminals (2) are evenly arranged inside the housing (1), a rotating rod (3) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the housing (1), a pinch handle (4) is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating rod (3), a metal plate (7) is symmetrically fixedly arranged at the other end of the rotating rod (3), a plurality of contact pieces (6) are fixedly arranged on one side of the metal plate (7), the outer wall of the contact piece (6) is arranged at one end of the terminal (2), a card slot is arranged inside the terminal (2), and the contact piece (6) is located at the terminal (2). ), a conducting rod (8) is fixedly arranged on the other side of the metal plate (7), a copper coil (9) is arranged at one end of the conducting rod (8), an electromagnet (29) is arranged on the inner wall of the copper coil (9), a bobbin (30) is arranged inside the electromagnet (29), a fixing rod (10) is arranged at the bottom end of the bobbin (30), one end of the fixing rod (10) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating rod (3), an arc extinguishing plate (5) is arranged on the side wall of the metal plate (7), and two sides of the arc extinguishing plate (5) are arranged on the inner wall of the housing (1).

2. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit breaker system (28) comprises a measuring module (11), an intelligent control module (12), a communication module (13), an execution module (14), and a power module (15); the measuring module (11) is used to collect the circuit breaker working state and surrounding environment parameters, and provide data support for the intelligent operation of the circuit breaker; the intelligent control module (12) is used to process the data of the measuring module (11); the communication module (13) is used to realize the interconnection and intercommunication between the circuit breaker and external equipment, and to perform data exchange in accordance with different protocols; the execution module (14) is used to receive instructions from the intelligent control module (12) and complete the opening and closing actions; and the power module (15) is used to provide stable and adaptive electric energy, and can convert different input power sources.

3. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circuit breaker system (28) is used to receive electrical signals sent by the measurement module (11), the intelligent control module (12), the communication module (13), the execution module (14), and the power supply module (15), and to monitor and provide feedback on the working status.

4. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measurement module (11) comprises a sensor unit (16), a harmonic measurement submodule (17), a leakage current measurement submodule (18), and a non-contact measurement submodule (19); the sensor unit (16) is used to sense the physical quantities of current, voltage, temperature, and humidity when the circuit breaker is operating, and to provide accurate data basis for measurement, control, protection, and fault diagnosis functions.

5. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The harmonic measurement submodule (17) is used to sample and perform spectrum analysis on voltage and current signals, thereby accurately measuring the harmonic content, amplitude and phase of each harmonic in the power grid, and providing data for evaluating power quality. The leakage current measurement submodule (18) is used to detect leakage current in the line, and provide data support for ensuring power safety. The non-contact measurement submodule (19) is used to measure the physical quantity of an object without direct contact with the object being measured.

6. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intelligent control module (12) comprises a microprocessor unit (20), a fault diagnosis and early warning unit (21), and an adaptive protection unit (22). The microprocessor unit (20) is used to collect and process data from the measurement module (11), run various fault diagnosis and adaptive protection algorithms, coordinate the work of various modules in the system, and store programs, data, and historical operation records. The fault diagnosis and early warning unit (21) is used to analyze circuit breaker operation parameters in real time, quickly diagnose fault types, and promptly issue early warnings when the fault probability exceeds a threshold or an abnormality is found. The adaptive protection unit (22) is used to dynamically adjust the protection threshold according to the load condition of the circuit breaker, and adaptively control the reclosing according to the fault type and the power grid state after the fault tripping, so as to ensure that the circuit breaker protects the safety of the power system under different working conditions.

7. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication module (13) comprises a protocol parsing and adaptation unit (23) and a data transmission unit (24); the protocol parsing and adaptation unit (23) is used to parse the communication protocol, select and adapt a suitable protocol according to requirements, so that the circuit breaker can smoothly perform data exchange with other devices; the data transmission unit (24) is used to upload the measurement data and operation status information of the circuit breaker to the distributed control center, and receive instructions from the control center, so as to ensure two-way flow of information.

8. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The execution module (14) comprises an operating mechanism (25) and a protection device (26); the operating mechanism (25) is used to receive instructions and drive the circuit breaker contacts to open and close; the protection device (26) is used to quickly trigger the circuit breaker to trip and cut off the circuit when the current or voltage abnormality exceeds a set threshold.

9. A circuit breaker with a measuring function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power supply module (15) comprises a power supply unit (27), and the power supply unit (27) is used to convert the input power supply, provide an adaptive multi-channel voltage for the circuit breaker module, and provide overvoltage, undervoltage and overcurrent protection.

10. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sensor unit (16) includes current, voltage measurement, temperature, and humidity measurement. The current and voltage measurement is used to obtain the current and voltage of the circuit where the circuit breaker is located, providing a data basis for fault judgment, power quality assessment, and control protection strategy. The temperature and humidity measurement is used to monitor the circuit breaker operating environment to prevent faults caused by abnormal temperature and humidity, and also to evaluate the maintenance and performance of the equipment.

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