Single-layer single-feed double-frequency GPS antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a single-layer single-feed double-frequency GPS antenna which comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiation patch arranged on the upper layer of the dielectric substrate and a feed point arranged on the radiation patch, the radiation patch is of a rectangular structure with the length being Y and the width being X, and the radiation patch has the length direction Y and the width direction X; an L-shaped slot is formed in the radiation patch, the L-shaped slot comprises a first slot section extending in the X direction and a second slot section extending in the Y direction, the width of the slot is a, the L-shaped slot enables the propagation path of current in the X direction to be prolonged, the effective electrical length Z in the X direction is smaller than the physical width X, and the physical length Y in the Y direction is kept unchanged; the compact space layout of the GPS antenna is improved, the strict requirements of numerous novel electronic devices for compact space layout are met, the competitiveness of the product in the market is enhanced while the space utilization rate of the product is improved, and a new way is opened up for wide application of the GPS antenna in modern electronic devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to a single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna. Background Art

[0002] In modern communication systems, wired and wireless technologies are integrated with each other, and the performance of antennas, as key components for transmitting and receiving wireless signals in space, directly affects the quality of communication. The Global Positioning System (GPS), as a satellite-based positioning system, realizes positioning and navigation functions by receiving satellite signals and is widely used in many fields.

[0003] GPS satellite signals cover frequencies such as L1, L2 and L5. Among them, L1 (1575.42MHz) and L5 (1176MHz) are open civilian signals and play a vital role in civilian GPS terminal equipment. At present, the commonly used GPS ceramic internal antennas on the market generally use two different ceramics for stacking design when realizing the L1+L5 frequency band function. However, this design method has many disadvantages. On the one hand, the stacking design makes the antenna larger in size, which is difficult to adapt to the development trend of increasingly sophisticated and compact electronic products today, and cannot meet the needs of many new electronic devices for compact space layout; on the other hand, this design makes the production process complicated, which in turn causes high costs and lacks price advantages in market competition.

[0004] As electronic devices continue to move towards miniaturization and high performance, existing GPS antenna technology has gradually become a constraint on the development of the industry. Developing a GPS antenna technology with a smaller size, lower cost and simpler process to meet the market demand for new electronic devices has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention aims to provide a technical solution that can solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] A single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiation patch arranged on the upper layer of the dielectric substrate, and a feeding point arranged on the radiation patch, wherein the radiation patch is a rectangular structure with a length of Y and a width of X, so that the radiation patch has a length direction Y and a width direction X; an L-shaped slot is arranged on the radiation patch, the L-shaped slot comprises a first slot section extending along the X direction and a second slot section extending along the Y direction, and the slot width is a, wherein the L-shaped slot extends the propagation path of the current in the X direction, resulting in that the effective electrical length Z in the X direction is smaller than the physical width X, while the physical length Y in the Y direction remains unchanged; the current path difference between the Y direction and the X direction is set, so that the radiation patch forms a 90-degree phase difference between the radiation signals in the Y direction and the X direction, thereby realizing right-hand circular polarization.

[0007] Preferably, the GPS antenna resonates at the L1 frequency band of 1.575 GHz and at the L5 frequency band of 1.176 GHz; wherein the total length of the L-shaped slot matches the wavelength λ1 of the L5 frequency band; and the length Y and width X of the radiation patch constitute the outer dimensions to match the wavelength λ5 of the L1 frequency band.

[0008] Preferably, the dielectric substrate is formed of a ceramic substrate with a dielectric constant of X.

[0009] Preferably, the radiating patch is formed of conductive silver paste.

[0010] Preferably, a metal feed needle is normally penetrated on the dielectric substrate, the upper end of the metal feed needle is connected to the upper silver paste coating through a feeding point, and the lower end of the metal feed needle protrudes from the dielectric substrate.

[0011] Preferably, a reflective layer is provided on the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate, the reflective layer is formed by conductive silver paste, and the reflective layer is not connected to the metal feed pin.

[0012] Preferably, the overall length of the GPS antenna is 25 mm, the width is 25 mm, and the thickness is 4 mm.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Compared with the traditional GPS ceramic built-in antenna that uses two different ceramic stacking designs to achieve the L1 plus L5 frequency bands, this antenna adopts a single-layer structure, which greatly simplifies the production process and effectively reduces the production cost; at the same time, the single-layer design avoids the large volume problem caused by the stacking, so that it can better adapt to the development trend of exquisite and compact electronic products. The designed GPS antenna has an overall length of 25mm, a width of 25mm, and a thickness of 4mm. Compared with the existing GPS antenna, the volume is greatly reduced, making this antenna easier to use in miniaturized and portable satellite navigation and positioning equipment. Therefore, it meets the stringent requirements of many new electronic devices for compact space layout, improves the product space utilization rate, and enhances the product's competitiveness in the market, opening up new ways for the widespread application of GPS antennas in modern electronic devices.

[0014] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 The present invention Figure 1 Structural diagram with marked dimensions; Figure 3 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when viewed from above; Figure 5 It is a data diagram of the present invention tested by a network analyzer; Figure 6 It is the reflection coefficient circle diagram of the present invention.

[0017] The reference numerals and names in the figures are as follows: A dielectric substrate 10 , a feeding point 11 , a metal feeding needle 12 , a reflective layer 13 , a radiation patch 20 , an L-shaped slot 30 , a first slot section 31 , and a second slot section 32 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1-6 In an embodiment of the present invention, a single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna includes a dielectric substrate 10, a radiation patch 20 arranged on an upper layer of the dielectric substrate 10, and a feeding point 11 arranged on the radiation patch 20. The radiation patch 20 is a rectangular structure with a length of Y and a width of X, so that the radiation patch 20 has a length direction Y and a width direction X; an L-shaped slot 30 is provided on the radiation patch 20, and the L-shaped slot 30 includes a first slot section 31 extending along the X direction and a second slot section 32 extending along the Y direction, and the slot width is a, wherein the L-shaped slot 30 extends the propagation path of the current in the X direction, and guides The effective electrical length Z in the X direction is smaller than the physical width X, while the physical length Y in the Y direction remains unchanged; the current path difference between the Y direction and the X direction is set so that the radiation patch 20 forms a 90-degree phase difference between the radiation signals in the Y direction and the X direction, thereby realizing right-hand circular polarization; the GPS antenna resonates in the L1 band with a frequency of 1.575 GHz and in the L5 band with a frequency of 1.176 GHz; wherein the total length of the L-shaped slot 30 matches the wavelength λ1 of the L5 band; the length Y and the width X of the radiation patch 20 constitute the outer dimensions to match the wavelength λ5 of the L1 band.

[0020] In the above technical solution, an L-shaped slot 30 is arranged on the rectangular radiation patch 20 on the upper layer of the dielectric substrate 10, and the slot is composed of a first slot section 31 extending along the X direction and a second slot section 32 extending along the Y direction; due to the existence of the L-shaped slot 30, the propagation path of the current in the X direction is extended, so that the effective electrical length Z in the X direction is less than the physical width X, while the physical length Y in the Y direction remains unchanged; the difference in the current path in the Y direction and the X direction caused by the setting of the radiation patch 20 to form a 90-degree phase difference between the radiation signals in the Y direction and the X direction, thereby realizing right-hand circular polarization; at the same time, by matching the total length of the L-shaped slot 30 with the 1.176 GHz wavelength λ1 of the L5 frequency band, and matching the outer dimensions formed by the length Y and the width X of the radiation patch 20 with the 1.575 GHz wavelength λ5 of the L1 frequency band, the antenna can resonate in these two specific frequency bands, thereby realizing the dual-frequency receiving function. Among them, the total length of the L-shaped slot 30 matches the wavelength λ1 of the L5 frequency band, and the antenna is made to resonate in the L5 frequency band by lengthening the current path; the length Y and width X of the radiation patch 20 constitute the outer dimensions to match the wavelength λ5 of the L1 frequency band, and the antenna is made to resonate in the L1 frequency band by exciting high-order modes.

[0021] The performance diagram of the GPS antenna in this embodiment is as follows Figure 5 As shown in the figure: the antenna can work at 1.575 GHz and 1.176 GHz frequencies respectively. At 1.575 GHz, the return loss of the antenna is -14.95 dB and the voltage standing wave ratio is 1.4; at 1.176 GHz, the return loss of the antenna is -13.96 dB. The results show that the antenna has a good impedance characteristic in the GPS band and can well receive GPSL1+L5 frequency signals.

[0022] Compared with the traditional GPS ceramic built-in antenna that uses two different ceramic stacking designs to achieve the L1 plus L5 frequency bands, this antenna adopts a single-layer structure, which greatly simplifies the production process and effectively reduces the production cost; at the same time, the single-layer design avoids the large volume problem caused by the stacking, so that it can better adapt to the development trend of exquisite and compact electronic products. The designed GPS antenna has an overall length of 25mm, a width of 25mm, and a thickness of 4mm. Compared with the existing GPS antenna, the volume is greatly reduced, making this antenna easier to use in miniaturized and portable satellite navigation and positioning equipment. Therefore, it meets the stringent requirements of many new electronic devices for compact space layout, improves the product space utilization rate, and enhances the product's competitiveness in the market, opening up new ways for the widespread application of GPS antennas in modern electronic devices.

[0023] The antenna performance of this embodiment is shown in the figure Figure 5 and 6As shown in the figure, the antenna can work at 1.575GHz and 1.176GHz respectively. At 1.575GHz, the return loss of the antenna is -14.95dB and the voltage standing wave ratio is 1.4; at 1.176GHz, the return loss of the antenna is -13.96dB. The results show that the antenna has a good impedance characteristic in the GPS band and can well receive GPS L1 +L5 frequency signals.

[0024] On the basis of the above-mentioned implementation mode, it is further proposed that the dielectric substrate 10 is formed by a ceramic substrate with a dielectric constant of X. The ceramic substrate has good dielectric performance stability, can effectively reduce the loss in the signal transmission process, and ensure the accuracy and stability of the antenna receiving signals in the L1 frequency band and the L5 frequency band. Its high mechanical strength and thermal stability enable the antenna to maintain a good working state under different environmental conditions, thereby improving the durability and reliability of the antenna; in addition, the radiation patch 20 is formed by a conductive silver paste; the radiation patch 20 is formed by a conductive silver paste, and the conductive silver paste has excellent conductivity, can efficiently conduct current, and enhance the radiation ability of the radiation patch 20, thereby improving the signal reception sensitivity of the antenna; at the same time, the conductive silver paste is relatively low in cost and easy to process and shape. The radiation patch 20 can be accurately produced on the ceramic substrate by printing and other processes, which further simplifies the production process, reduces the production cost, and helps to realize the large-scale production and application of antennas.

[0025] On the basis of the above implementation, it is further proposed that a metal feed needle 12 is normally penetrated on the dielectric substrate 10 , the upper end of the metal feed needle 12 is connected to the upper silver paste coating through a feeding point 11 , and the lower end of the metal feed needle 12 protrudes from the dielectric substrate 10 . From the perspective of signal transmission, the metal feed pin 12, as an efficient signal conduction medium, can accurately and quickly introduce external signals into the radiation patch 20, greatly reducing the loss in the signal transmission process, greatly improving the antenna's reception and transmission efficiency for L1 and L5 frequency band signals, and effectively ensuring the accuracy of positioning and navigation functions; in terms of installation and application, the lower end of the metal feed pin 12 protruding from the dielectric substrate 10 provides a convenient and stable connection method for the installation of the antenna. Whether it is soldered on the circuit board of the electronic device or other connection forms are used, it can ensure that the antenna and the device circuit are reliably connected, thereby enhancing the adaptability and installation convenience of the antenna in different electronic devices; at the same time, the structure of the metal feed pin 12 penetrating the dielectric substrate 10 enhances the stability of the overall structure of the antenna to a certain extent, so that the antenna can still maintain a good working condition under complex vibration, impact and other environments, further improving the durability and reliability of the antenna, and laying a solid foundation for its wide application in various scenarios.

[0026] On the basis of the above-mentioned implementation mode, it is further proposed that the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate 10 is provided with a reflective layer 13, which is formed by a conductive silver paste, and the reflective layer 13 is not connected to the metal feed pin 12; from the perspective of signal optimization, the reflective layer 13 can effectively reflect the signal from the bottom of the antenna, and redirect the signal that may be lost or scattered to the direction of the radiation patch 20, thereby enhancing the antenna's reception intensity for L1 and L5 frequency band signals, significantly improving the antenna's radiation efficiency, and making the positioning and navigation signals more accurate and stable; in terms of anti-interference, the reflective layer 13 is like a barrier, which can block stray signals generated by other electronic components under the antenna, reduce signal interference, improve the antenna's anti-interference ability in a complex electromagnetic environment, and ensure the antenna's stable operation. In addition, the existence of the reflective layer 13 does not destroy the electrical isolation characteristics of the overall structure due to the connection to the metal feed pin 12, avoids the potential risk of signal crosstalk, and enhances the stability of the overall structure of the antenna in terms of electrical performance to a certain extent, further improving the applicability and reliability of the antenna in various complex scenarios, and providing strong support for its wide application.

[0027] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dielectric substrate (10), a radiation patch (20) arranged on an upper layer of the dielectric substrate (10), and a feeding point (11) arranged on the radiation patch (20); the radiation patch (20) is a rectangular structure with a length of Y and a width of X, so that the radiation patch (20) has a length direction Y and a width direction X; an L-shaped slot (30) is arranged on the radiation patch (20); the L-shaped slot (30) comprises a first slot section (31) extending along the X direction and a second slot section (32) extending along the Y direction, and the slot width is a; wherein the L-shaped slot (30) extends the propagation path of the current in the X direction, resulting in that the effective electrical length Z in the X direction is smaller than the physical width X, while the physical length Y in the Y direction remains unchanged; and the current path difference between the Y direction and the X direction is set so that the radiation patch (20) forms a 90-degree phase difference between the radiation signals in the Y direction and the X direction, thereby realizing right-hand circular polarization.

2. A single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The GPS antenna resonates at a frequency of 1.575 GHz in the L1 frequency band and at a frequency of 1.176 GHz in the L5 frequency band; wherein the total length of the L-shaped slot (30) matches the wavelength λ1 of the L5 frequency band; and the length Y and width X of the radiation patch (20) constitute the outer dimensions to match the wavelength λ5 of the L1 frequency band.

3. The single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate (10) is formed by a ceramic substrate having a dielectric constant of X.

4. The single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation patch (20) is formed of conductive silver paste.

5. The single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A metal feed needle (12) is normally penetrated on the dielectric substrate (10), the upper end of the metal feed needle (12) is connected to the upper silver paste coating via a feeding point (11), and the lower end of the metal feed needle (12) protrudes from the dielectric substrate (10).

6. The single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: A reflective layer (13) is provided on the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate (10); the reflective layer (13) is formed of conductive silver paste, and the reflective layer (13) is not connected to the metal feed pin (12).

7. The single-layer single-feed dual-frequency GPS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall length of the GPS antenna is 25mm, the width is 25mm, and the thickness is 4mm.

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