Brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage self-excitation type pulse power supply topological structure and control method of brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage self-excitation type pulse power supply topological structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage self-excitation type pulse power supply topological structure and a control method, and relates to the field of pulse power supplies. The problems that in the prior art, a storage battery is high in energy storage density, low in power density, short in large-current cycle life, low in high-voltage charging speed and high in step-up ratio, so that a step-up converter between the storage battery and a super capacitor works in a near-saturation working condition, and the charging speed and the charging linearity are seriously affected are solved. The self-excitation pulse power supply topological structure comprises a prime motor, a brushless air-core pulse generator, a self-excitation charging rectifier bridge, a pulse capacitor bank and a load. The prime motor is coaxially connected with a rotor of the brushless hollow pulse generator; the self-excitation charging rectifier bridge is connected in series with the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor bank; and the brushless air core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor bank discharge to a load together in a parallel connection mode. The method is also suitable for the hybrid energy storage field based on three forms of inertia, magnetic field and electric field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pulse power supplies, and in particular to a self-excited pulse power supply topology structure and a control method for hybrid energy storage of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a supercapacitor. Background Art

[0002] Supercapacitors are a mature energy storage solution in the current pulse power supply field. They have high power density but low energy storage density. Under multiple continuous discharge conditions, other energy storage systems are required to provide energy supplement. Currently, battery energy storage is widely used as a charging power source under multiple continuous discharge conditions. Batteries have high energy storage density but low power density, short high current cycle life, slow high-voltage charging speed, and a high boost ratio causes the boost converter between the battery and supercapacitor to operate in a near-saturation condition, which seriously affects the charging speed and charging linearity. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art that the battery has high energy storage density but low power density, short high current cycle life, slow high voltage charging speed, and a high boost ratio causes the boost converter between the battery and the supercapacitor to operate in a near-saturation condition, which seriously affects the charging speed and charging linearity.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] Solution 1: The present invention proposes a self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a supercapacitor hybrid energy storage, wherein the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure includes a prime mover, a brushless air-core pulse generator, a self-excited charging rectifier bridge, a pulse capacitor group and a load;

[0006] The prime mover is coaxially connected to the brushless air-core pulse generator rotor; the self-excited charging rectifier bridge is connected in series with the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group; the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group are connected in parallel to discharge to the load together.

[0007] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the brushless air-core pulse generator comprises an excitation side and a power generation side,

[0008] The excitation side includes a DC excitation stator winding L2 and an AC excitation rotor winding L3, and the power generation side includes an AC power generation rotor winding L4 and an AC power generation stator winding L5. The two sets of stator windings L2 and the AC power generation stator winding L5 are connected in parallel through the thyristor T5, thyristor T6, thyristor T7, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4 and self-excited switch T2 of the self-excited charging rectifier bridge.

[0009] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the two groups of rotor windings L3 and the AC generator rotor winding L4 are connected in reverse phase sequence.

[0010] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the pulse capacitor bank comprises a plurality of pairs of supercapacitors connected in series and in parallel, for charging the plurality of pairs of supercapacitors simultaneously.

[0011] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, in which the condition that the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group discharge together to the load in parallel is that when the terminal voltage of the pulse capacitor group reaches a preset value, the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group discharge together to the load in parallel.

[0012] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure also includes an excitation topology of a self-excited excitation current, including an excitation capacitor C1, an excitation control thyristor T1, and a DC excitation stator winding L2, and the excitation capacitor C1, the excitation control thyristor T1, and the DC excitation stator winding L2 are connected in series with each other.

[0013] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure also includes a freewheeling topology, and the freewheeling topology includes a DC excitation stator winding L2 and a freewheeling diode D1, and the DC excitation stator winding L2 and the freewheeling diode D1 are connected in series with each other.

[0014] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure also includes an energy feedback topology, and the energy feedback topology includes a pulse capacitor group Cn, a load L1, an excitation capacitor charging switch T4, and an excitation capacitor C1, and the pulse capacitor group Cn, the load L1, the excitation capacitor charging switch T4, and the excitation capacitor C1 are connected in series with each other.

[0015] Solution 2: A control method for a self-excited pulse power supply topology structure with mixed energy storage of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a supercapacitor, the control method is implemented based on the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure described in any one of Solution 1, and the control method comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Assume that the pole pairs on the excitation side and the generating side of the brushless air-core pulse generator are p 1 and p 2 , the rotor speed is ω r When the DC excitation stator winding L2 is energized by DC current, the electrical frequency of the AC generator stator winding L5 is ω f2 =(p 1 +p 2 ) / p 2 *ω r ;

[0017] S2, based on the electrical frequency of the AC generation stator winding L5 obtained in S1, when the current emitted by the AC generation stator winding L5 is greater than the initial excitation current of the DC excitation stator winding L2, self-excitation charging is achieved.

[0018] The present invention is beneficial in that:

[0019] The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure and control method for hybrid energy storage of a brushless coreless pulse generator and a supercapacitor described in the present invention adopt a hybrid energy storage solution of a brushless coreless pulse generator and a supercapacitor, and is based on hybrid energy storage in the three forms of inertia, magnetic field, and electric field. The energy storage ratio strategy can be flexibly adjusted according to different discharge requirements, taking into account high energy storage density and high power density. The total volume and total weight of the system are smaller, the primary energy source of the prime mover is flexible, and it is more suitable for mobile vehicle platforms.

[0020] The present invention proposes a self-excited pulse power supply topology structure with hybrid energy storage of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a supercapacitor, which operates in a non-steady-state self-excited condition. The excitation voltage and current increase exponentially, and the charging speed is greatly improved compared with the traditional battery rated condition charging topology. It is more suitable for multiple continuous discharge conditions, and the control strategy is simple and the large current cycle life is longer.

[0021] The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage described in the present invention provides pulse current to the load simultaneously by the brushless air-core pulse generator and the supercapacitor during discharge, thereby reducing the discharge power demand of the pulse generator and the supercapacitor monomer under extreme working conditions, alleviating the extreme electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical stress impacts borne by the motor and the capacitor under extreme working conditions, reducing the difficulty of engineering manufacturing and the cost of using advanced materials. In addition, the discharge power distribution strategy can be flexibly adjusted according to different load requirements;

[0022] The supercapacitor in the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of hybrid energy storage of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a supercapacitor described in the present invention can provide capacitive compensation for the stator winding of the brushless air-core pulse generator while having the energy storage function, thereby solving the problems of high loss caused by high electrical frequency and large AC impedance of the armature winding of the traditional cascaded brushless air-core pulse generator, slow current pulse rise speed, low peak value and so on.

[0023] The present invention is also applicable to the field of hybrid energy storage based on inertia, magnetic field and electric field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the topological structure of a self-excited pulse power supply with hybrid energy storage of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a supercapacitor as described in Implementation Method 1.

[0025] Figure 2This is an electrical schematic diagram of a self-excited pulse power supply topology structure with hybrid energy storage of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a supercapacitor as described in Implementation Method 1.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the working principle of the excitation phase described in the eleventh embodiment.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a working principle diagram of the self-excited charging stage described in the eleventh embodiment.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a working principle diagram of the discharge stage described in the eleventh embodiment.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the working principle of the energy feedback stage described in the eleventh embodiment.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a typical hybrid energy storage distribution diagram in the self-excited charging stage described in the eleventh embodiment.

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of typical discharge current distribution in the discharge stage described in the eleventh embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the implementation methods of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the implementation methods of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the implementation methods of the present application. Obviously, the described implementation methods are only part of the implementation methods of the present application, not all of the implementation methods.

[0033] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a self-excited pulse power supply topology structure with mixed energy storage of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a supercapacitor, wherein the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure includes a prime mover, a brushless air-core pulse generator, a self-excited charging rectifier bridge, a pulse capacitor group and a load;

[0034] The prime mover is coaxially connected to the brushless air-core pulse generator rotor; the self-excited charging rectifier bridge is connected in series with the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group; the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group are connected in parallel to discharge to the load together.

[0035] Embodiment 2: This embodiment further defines the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage described in embodiment 1. The brushless air-core pulse generator includes an excitation side and a power generation side.

[0036] The excitation side includes a DC excitation stator winding L2 and an AC excitation rotor winding L3, and the power generation side includes an AC power generation rotor winding L4 and an AC power generation stator winding L5. The two sets of stator windings L2 and the AC power generation stator winding L5 are connected in parallel through the thyristor T5, thyristor T6, thyristor T7, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4 and self-excited switch T2 of the self-excited charging rectifier bridge.

[0037] Implementation method three: This implementation method further limits the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage described in implementation method two, and the two groups of rotor windings L3 and the AC generator rotor winding L4 are connected in reverse phase sequence.

[0038] Embodiment 4: This embodiment further limits the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage described in embodiment 1. The pulse capacitor group includes multiple pairs of supercapacitors connected in series and in parallel, which are used to charge multiple pairs of supercapacitors simultaneously.

[0039] Implementation method five. This implementation method further limits the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage described in implementation method one. The condition for the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group to discharge to the load in parallel is that when the terminal voltage of the pulse capacitor group reaches a preset value, the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group to discharge to the load in parallel.

[0040] Implementation method six. This implementation method further limits the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage described in implementation method one. The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure also includes an excitation topology of a self-excited excitation current, including an excitation capacitor C1, an excitation control thyristor T1, and a DC excitation stator winding L2. The excitation capacitor C1, the excitation control thyristor T1, and the DC excitation stator winding L2 are connected in series with each other.

[0041] Implementation method seven. This implementation method further limits the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage described in implementation method one. The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure also includes a freewheeling topology. The freewheeling topology includes a DC excitation stator winding L2 and a freewheeling diode D1. The DC excitation stator winding L2 and the freewheeling diode D1 are connected in series with each other.

[0042] Embodiment 8. This embodiment further limits the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage described in embodiment 1. The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure also includes an energy feedback topology. The energy feedback topology includes a pulse capacitor group Cn, a load L1, an excitation capacitor charging switch T4, and an excitation capacitor C1. The pulse capacitor group Cn, the load L1, the excitation capacitor charging switch T4, and the excitation capacitor C1 are connected in series.

[0043] Embodiment 9. This embodiment proposes a control method for a self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a supercapacitor hybrid energy storage, characterized in that the control method is implemented based on the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure described in any one of embodiments 1 to 8, and the control method includes the following steps:

[0044] S1. Assume that the pole pairs on the excitation side and the generating side of the brushless air-core pulse generator are p 1 and p 2 , the rotor speed is ω r When the DC excitation stator winding L2 is energized by DC current, the electrical frequency of the AC generator stator winding L5 is ω f2 =(p 1 +p 2 ) / p 2 *ω r ;

[0045] S2, based on the electrical frequency of the AC generation stator winding L5 obtained in S1, when the current emitted by the AC generation stator winding L5 is greater than the initial excitation current of the DC excitation stator winding L2, self-excitation charging is achieved.

[0046] Embodiment 10: This embodiment provides an example, which is used to explain the above embodiments 1 to 10. Figures 1 to 8 To describe this embodiment, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of hybrid energy storage of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a supercapacitor, taking into account the pulse power supply's requirements for energy storage, power and charging speed under multiple continuous discharges, improving the system's energy storage and power density, reducing the system's overall volume, extending the system's cycle life under extreme working conditions, and reducing overall costs.

[0047] The embodiment is specifically as follows:

[0048] A self-excited pulse power supply topology structure with mixed energy storage of brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor mainly comprises a prime mover, a brushless air-core pulse generator, a self-excited charging rectifier bridge, a pulse capacitor group and a load.

[0049] At the beginning of operation, the prime mover drags the brushless air-core pulse generator rotor to accelerate, and the energy required for multiple continuous discharges is stored in the motor rotor through inertial energy storage;

[0050] The main working process of the self-excited pulse power supply topology includes: brushless air-core pulse generator excitation, brushless air-core pulse generator and pulse capacitor bank self-excitation charging, brushless air-core pulse generator and pulse capacitor bank discharge to the load, and energy feedback. During the operation of the power supply topology, the inertial energy storage of the rotor is converted into motor magnetic field energy storage and supercapacitor electric field energy storage by the brushless air-core pulse generator, and released to the load together in the discharge stage.

[0051] Among them, the brushless air-core pulse generator includes two parts, the excitation side and the generating side. The excitation side includes a DC excitation stator winding and an AC excitation rotor winding, and the generating side includes an AC generating rotor winding and an AC generating stator winding, wherein the AC excitation rotor winding and the AC generating rotor winding are connected in reverse phase sequence.

[0052] The self-excited charging rectifier bridge described in this embodiment includes three groups of thyristors and three groups of diodes. It is a high-power semi-controlled three-phase bridge with simple control and is suitable for short-term extreme working conditions. One of the core components of the present invention, the pulse capacitor bank, includes multiple pairs of supercapacitors connected in series and parallel. Thanks to the powerful energy established by the self-excitation of the brushless air-core pulse generator, multiple pairs of supercapacitor banks can be charged simultaneously.

[0053] In addition, the self-excited pulse power supply topology proposed in this embodiment also includes an excitation topology for providing self-excitation excitation current, a freewheeling topology for DC excitation stator winding freewheeling, and an energy feedback topology for energy feedback. The topological workflow proposed in the present invention mainly includes prime mover drag acceleration, brushless air-core pulse generator excitation, brushless air-core pulse generator and pulse capacitor bank self-excitation charging, brushless air-core pulse generator and pulse capacitor bank discharge to load, and energy feedback.

[0054] See also Figure 3 As shown, the topology proposed in this embodiment works in the starting stage of the brushless air-core pulse generator. In this stage, the starting capacitor C1 provides an initial excitation current to the DC excitation stator winding through the starting thyristor T1.

[0055] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the topology proposed in the implementation scheme works in the self-excitation charging stage of the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor bank. Assume that the number of pole pairs on the excitation side and the generating side of the motor are p 1 and p 2 , the rotor speed is ω r According to the basic theory of electrical machinery, when the DC excitation stator winding is energized by DC current, the electrical frequency of the AC generator stator winding is ωf2 =(p 1 +p 2 ) / p 2 *ω r . The current emitted by the AC generator stator winding passes through the thyristor T5, thyristor T6, thyristor T7, diode D2, diode D3, and diode D4 of the self-excited rectifier charging bridge. Part of it is used to charge the pulse capacitor bank, and part of it is led back to the DC excitation stator winding through the thyristor T2. It is ensured that this part of the current is greater than the initial excitation current of the DC excitation stator winding, so that self-excitation charging can be achieved. In this process, the inertial energy storage of the brushless air-core pulse generator rotor is quickly converted into the motor magnetic field energy storage of the brushless air-core pulse generator and the electric field energy storage of the supercapacitor bank.

[0056] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the topology proposed in this embodiment works in the stage where the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group discharge to the load. In this stage, the current of the DC excitation stator winding is freewheeling through the diode D1 to continue to provide the excitation magnetic field, while the AC generation stator winding discharges to the load through the thyristor T5, thyristor T6, thyristor T7, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4 and discharge switch thyristor T3 of the self-excited rectifier charging bridge, and the pulse capacitor group also discharges to the load through the discharge switch thyristor T3.

[0057] See also Figure 6 As shown, the topology proposed in this embodiment works in the energy feedback stage, and the residual energy of the load L1 is charged to the starting capacitor C1 through the starting capacitor charging switch thyristor T4, so as to prepare for the starting stage of the next round of work, thereby realizing the self-sufficiency of the starting capacitor energy under multiple continuous discharge conditions.

[0058] See also Figure 7 As shown, the topology proposed in this embodiment is a typical hybrid energy storage distribution diagram in the self-excited charging stage. Based on the three forms of hybrid energy storage, namely inertia, magnetic field and electric field, the energy storage ratio strategy can be flexibly adjusted according to the different requirements of the load.

[0059] See also Figure 8 As shown, the topology proposed in this embodiment is a typical discharge current distribution diagram in the discharge stage. The brushless air-core pulse generator and the supercapacitor provide pulse current to the load at the same time. The supercapacitor can provide capacitive compensation for the stator winding of the brushless air-core pulse generator while having the energy storage function. The discharge power distribution strategy can be flexibly adjusted according to the different requirements of the load.

[0060] The pulse generator is based on the basic principle of inertial energy storage. While having a high energy storage density, it has a higher power density than batteries, and a long high current cycle life. It is very suitable for providing energy supplement for supercapacitors under multiple continuous discharge conditions. Among them, the brushless air-core pulse generator uses fiber composite materials to make non-magnetic stators and rotors, which are not limited by the saturation characteristics of ferromagnetic materials. The air gap magnetic flux density and excitation current have high linearity. Based on the brushless topology and high-strength composite materials, the rotor speed of the air-core pulse generator can be further improved, thereby further improving the system energy storage density and power density. The brushless air-core pulse generator is based on the self-excitation magnetic principle and establishes extremely strong voltage and current according to the law of exponential change. It can charge multiple groups of pulse capacitors at the same time. The high-voltage charging speed is extremely fast. The traditional DC boost topology can be replaced by a semi-controlled rectifier topology, which greatly reduces the size of the conversion circuit and the difficulty of control.

[0061] To sum up, the brushless coreless pulse generator and supercapacitor described in this embodiment can provide pulse current to the load at the same time, reduce the discharge power demand of the pulse generator and supercapacitor single components under extreme working conditions, reduce the extreme electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical stress impacts on motors and capacitors under extreme working conditions, and reduce the difficulty of engineering manufacturing and the cost of using advanced materials.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the various embodiments of the present disclosure and / or the features described in the claims may be combined or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present disclosure. It is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art may still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or perform equivalent substitutions on some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0063] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts are known. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A self-excited pulse power supply topology structure with mixed energy storage of brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor, characterized in that: The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure includes a prime mover, a brushless air-core pulse generator, a self-excited charging rectifier bridge, a pulse capacitor bank and a load; The prime mover is coaxially connected to the brushless air-core pulse generator rotor; the self-excited charging rectifier bridge is connected in series with the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group; the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group are connected in parallel to discharge to the load together.

2. The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The brushless air-core pulse generator includes an excitation side and a generating side. The excitation side includes a DC excitation stator winding L2 and an AC excitation rotor winding L3, and the power generation side includes an AC power generation rotor winding L4 and an AC power generation stator winding L5. The two sets of stator windings L2 and the AC power generation stator winding L5 are connected in parallel through the thyristor T5, thyristor T6, thyristor T7, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4 and self-excited switch T2 of the self-excited charging rectifier bridge.

3. The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The two groups of rotor windings L3 and the AC generator rotor winding L4 are connected in reverse phase sequence.

4. The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pulse capacitor bank includes multiple pairs of supercapacitors connected in series and in parallel, and is used to charge the multiple pairs of supercapacitors simultaneously.

5. The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The condition for the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group to discharge to the load in parallel is that when the terminal voltage of the pulse capacitor group reaches a preset value, the brushless air-core pulse generator and the pulse capacitor group to discharge to the load in parallel.

6. The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The self-excited pulse power supply topology also includes an excitation topology that provides a self-excited excitation current, including an excitation capacitor C1, an excitation control thyristor T1, and a DC excitation stator winding L2. The excitation capacitor C1, the excitation control thyristor T1, and the DC excitation stator winding L2 are connected in series.

7. The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure also includes a freewheeling topology, which includes a DC excitation stator winding L2 and a freewheeling diode D1. The DC excitation stator winding L2 and the freewheeling diode D1 are connected in series.

8. The self-excited pulse power supply topology structure of the brushless air-core pulse generator and supercapacitor hybrid energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The self-excited pulse power supply topology also includes an energy feedback topology, which includes a pulse capacitor group Cn, a load L1, an excitation capacitor charging switch T4, and an excitation capacitor C1. The pulse capacitor group Cn, the load L1, the excitation capacitor charging switch T4, and the excitation capacitor C1 are connected in series.

9. A control method for a self-excited pulse power supply topology structure with mixed energy storage of a brushless air-core pulse generator and a supercapacitor, characterized in that: The control method is implemented based on the self-excited pulse power supply topology structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the control method comprises the following steps: S1, assuming that the pole pairs on the excitation side and the generating side of the brushless air-core pulse generator are p1 and p2 respectively, and the rotor speed is ω r When the DC excitation stator winding L2 is energized by DC current, the electrical frequency of the AC generator stator winding L5 is ω f2 =(p1+p2) / p2*ω r S2, based on the electrical frequency of the AC generation stator winding L5 obtained in S1, when the current emitted by the AC generation stator winding L5 is greater than the initial excitation current of the DC excitation stator winding L2, self-excitation charging is achieved.

Images