Energy trap vibration reduction energy harvesting device and method based on segmented nonlinear force

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy trap vibration reduction energy harvesting device and method based on segmented nonlinear force, and relates to the technical field of vibration control and energy harvesting, the device comprises a vibration conversion unit, a collision energy harvesting unit, a nonlinear conversion assembly and an energy harvesting unit, the vibration conversion unit comprises a substrate, a first vertical plate and a cantilever beam; the collision energy harvesting unit comprises a frame, a horizontal acquisition unit and a vertical acquisition unit, the horizontal acquisition unit is connected to the other end of the cantilever beam, and the vertical acquisition unit comprises a first charge acquisition module, a first energy acquisition module, a second charge acquisition module and a second energy acquisition module; the energy collection unit is used for collecting and storing charge energy on the cantilever beam, the first charge collection module, the first energy collection module, the second charge collection module and the second energy collection module. According to the method, through cooperation of multiple energy harvesting units and customization of a segmented nonlinear force structure, the efficiency and the working frequency band of an existing vibration reduction energy harvesting technology are improved and widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration control and energy harvesting, and in particular to an energy well vibration reduction and energy harvesting device and method based on piecewise nonlinear force. Background Art

[0002] Nonlinear energy sink is a passive control technology that can achieve targeted energy transfer. The nonlinear energy sink device mainly obtains nonlinear restoring force through springs, magnets, buckling beams, rotation, linear stiffness superposition, etc., which can quickly transfer the vibration energy of the main structure to the vibrator through nonlinear stiffness. The vibrator then dissipates the energy through damping, and the vibration energy does not return to the main structure, thereby achieving vibration reduction of the main structure. Nonlinear energy sink passive energy dissipation devices have been widely used and promoted in various practical engineering vibration reduction fields due to their advantages such as light weight, strong robustness, and wide vibration reduction bandwidth.

[0003] Among the existing technologies, nonlinear energy sinks with non-smooth characteristics such as collision and variable stiffness have better vibration reduction and stability performance than nonlinear energy sinks with smooth characteristics. However, due to the limitations of existing design, experimental and analysis methods, the development and application of non-smooth nonlinear energy sink technology in most specific engineering scenarios (such as marine drilling) are greatly limited.

[0004] In addition, the use of related batteries as a power supply method faces problems such as short life, difficult maintenance, and environmental pollution. The use of vibration energy harvesting technology to convert vibration mechanical energy into electrical energy and store it can replace or extend the traditional battery power supply method of low-power electronic devices (such as equipment operation monitoring sensors, etc.). It has the advantages of self-power supply and green environmental protection, and is receiving more and more attention.

[0005] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN110071661B discloses a low-frequency and wide-band multi-modal array energy collection device, which includes a base and four piezoelectric energy recovery modules. There are four piezoelectric energy recovery modules, and each piezoelectric energy recovery module is horizontally fixed on the base through a mounting hole on the base; the piezoelectric energy recovery module includes a first L-shaped piezoelectric cantilever beam, a second L-shaped piezoelectric cantilever beam, a mass block, a piezoelectric material and an adaptive frequency modulation module. The frequency modulation base is perpendicular to the two side surfaces of the end surface near the base end and is provided with a middle plug interface and an end plug interface. The middle plug interface is arranged in the middle of the side surface of the frequency modulation base, and the end plug interface is arranged on the side of the frequency modulation base away from the end near the base. The end plug interface is used to plug in the first L-shaped piezoelectric cantilever beam, and the middle plug interface is used to plug in the second L-shaped piezoelectric cantilever beam; the device has low-frequency vibration collection capabilities and wide-band vibration collection capabilities, and has large energy output power and small size.

[0006] However, the structure of the above-mentioned piezoelectric energy recovery device is not compact enough, the energy output still needs to be improved, and the working efficiency of the device needs to be further improved.

[0007] Therefore, how to efficiently and stably collect various forms of energy from the environment to replace traditional batteries is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the technical problems that the existing electric energy recovery device is not compact enough in structure, the energy output needs to be improved, and the working efficiency of the device needs to be further improved, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy sink vibration reduction and energy capture device and method based on piecewise nonlinear force, so as to achieve the collection and conversion of vibration energy from different directions while widening the working frequency band, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of vibration reduction and energy capture.

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the first object of the present invention is to provide an energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force, the energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force comprises:

[0010] A vibration conversion unit, comprising a base plate connected to a vibrating part of the engineering equipment, a first vertical plate vertically connected to one end of the base plate, and a cantilever beam horizontally arranged above the base plate, one end of the cantilever beam being connected to the first vertical plate;

[0011] The collision energy capture unit comprises a frame connected to the upper surface of one side of the substrate, a horizontal collection unit horizontally connected to the inside of the frame, and a vertical collection unit vertically connected to the inside of the frame, wherein the horizontal collection unit is connected to the other end of the cantilever beam, wherein:

[0012] The vertical collection unit includes a first charge collection module and a first energy collection module connected to the top of the frame and a second charge collection module and a second energy collection module connected to the bottom of the frame, and the horizontal collection unit is arranged between the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module;

[0013] The vibration of the engineering equipment is transmitted to the horizontal collection unit through the cantilever beam, and the horizontal collection unit is driven by the vibration to sequentially cause elastic collision and rigid collision with at least one of the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module, and then move in the opposite direction;

[0014] A nonlinear conversion component is provided on a side of the horizontal acquisition unit away from the vibration conversion unit, and the nonlinear conversion component is suitable for converting the movement of the horizontal acquisition unit into a continuous segmented nonlinear movement;

[0015] An energy collection unit is used to collect and store the charge energy on the cantilever beam, the first charge collection module, the first energy collection module, the second charge collection module and the second energy collection module.

[0016] Preferably, the horizontal collection unit includes a roller connected to the free end of the cantilever beam through a connector and a horizontal preload spring connected to both sides of the roller, and one end of the horizontal preload spring away from the roller is fixedly connected to the frame.

[0017] Preferably, the first charge collection module comprises a first vertical spring whose top end is connected to the frame, a first cylindrical tube sleeved on the first vertical spring, a first collision plate horizontally connected to the bottom end of the first vertical spring, and a first stacked piezoelectric ceramic provided on a side surface of the first collision plate close to the horizontal collection unit and a second stacked piezoelectric ceramic provided on an end surface of the first cylindrical tube close to the horizontal collection unit, and the top end of the first cylindrical tube is fixedly connected to the frame;

[0018] The roller is adapted to move in a vertical direction driven by the cantilever beam and to elastically collide with the first collision plate, and the first collision plate is adapted to squeeze the first vertical spring and continue to compress to rigidly collide with the first cylindrical tube.

[0019] Preferably, the second charge collection module comprises a second vertical spring whose bottom end is connected to the frame, a second cylindrical tube sleeved on the second vertical spring, a second collision plate horizontally connected to the top of the second vertical spring, and a third stacked piezoelectric ceramic provided on a side surface of the second collision plate close to the horizontal collection unit and a fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic provided on an end surface of the second cylindrical tube close to the horizontal collection unit, and the bottom end of the second cylindrical tube is fixedly connected to the frame;

[0020] The roller is adapted to move in a vertical direction driven by the cantilever beam and to elastically collide with the second collision plate, and the second collision plate is adapted to squeeze the second vertical spring to compress and rigidly collide with the second cylindrical tube.

[0021] Preferably, the first energy harvesting module includes a first cylindrical magnet attached to the inner wall of the first cylindrical tube, a first cylindrical iron block inserted into the first vertical spring, and a first coil sleeved on the outside of the first vertical spring, one end of the first cylindrical iron block close to the frame is fixedly connected to the frame, one end of the first coil close to the first collision plate is fixedly connected to the first collision plate, and the first cylindrical iron block is located on the central axis of the first coil.

[0022] Preferably, the second energy harvesting module includes a second cylindrical magnet attached to the inner wall of the second cylindrical tube, a second cylindrical iron block inserted in the second vertical spring, and a second coil sleeved on the outside of the second vertical spring, one end of the second cylindrical iron block close to the frame is fixedly connected to the frame, one end of the second coil close to the second collision plate is fixedly connected to the second collision plate, and the second cylindrical iron block is located on the central axis of the second coil.

[0023] Preferably, the nonlinear conversion component includes a second vertical plate vertically connected to an end of the substrate away from the first vertical plate, a third preload spring horizontally connected to the second vertical plate, a third cylindrical tube sleeved outside the third preload spring, a fourth cylindrical tube slidably arranged in the third cylindrical tube through a ball bearing, and a raceway vertically connected to an end of the fourth cylindrical tube away from the third preload spring, and an end of the fourth cylindrical tube away from the raceway is connected to a free end of the third preload spring;

[0024] The roller is tightly fitted on the raceway and is suitable for rolling in the raceway.

[0025] Preferably, the energy collection unit includes a piezoelectric composite material and an energy storage circuit arranged on the surface of the cantilever beam, and the energy storage circuit is respectively connected to the piezoelectric composite material, the first stacked piezoelectric ceramic, the second stacked piezoelectric ceramic, the third stacked piezoelectric ceramic and the fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic through wires.

[0026] Preferably, the base plate and the lower end surface of the frame are fixedly connected to the vibration parts of the engineering equipment respectively by a plurality of screws.

[0027] The second object of the present invention is to provide a vibration reduction and energy capture method of an energy sink vibration reduction and energy capture device based on piecewise nonlinear force, the vibration reduction and energy capture method comprising the steps of:

[0028] Step S 100 : After the cantilever beam, the nonlinear conversion component and the collision energy capture unit are connected to the vibrating part of the engineering equipment through the base plate, the roller connected to the cantilever beam is driven to have an initial velocity and moves in the vertical direction under the action of the horizontal preload spring;

[0029] Step S 200 : During the movement, when the horizontal preload spring returns to its original length, the roller and the first charge collection module or the second charge collection module undergo elastic collision and rigid collision in sequence and then move in the opposite direction;

[0030] Step S 300: The first charge collection module, the second charge collection module and the cantilever beam are deformed after being subjected to external pressure, thereby continuously accumulating charge; at the same time, the first energy collection module and the second energy collection module realize magnetoelectric energy conversion under the electromagnetic induction of the magnet and the coil;

[0031] Step S 400 : The charge energy on the storage cantilever beam, the first charge collection module, the first energy collection module, the second charge collection module and the second energy collection module is collected through the energy collection unit.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on segmented nonlinear force in the present application is composed of a vibration conversion unit, a collision energy harvesting unit, a nonlinear conversion component and an energy collection unit, wherein the vibration conversion unit is used to convert the vibration energy of the engineering equipment into mechanical energy, and the vibration conversion unit is composed of a substrate, a first vertical plate and a cantilever beam, the substrate is fixed on the vibration source, the first vertical plate and the cantilever beam form a lever system, and the horizontal vibration of the cantilever beam transfers the vibration energy to the collision energy harvesting unit. The collision energy harvesting unit is used to receive the vibration energy from the cantilever beam, and the collision energy harvesting unit is composed of a frame, a horizontal collection unit and a vertical collection unit, wherein the frame is used to provide installation support for the horizontal collection unit and the vertical collection unit, the horizontal collection unit is horizontally connected to the inside of the frame, the vertical collection unit is vertically connected to the frame, and the horizontal collection unit is connected to the other end of the cantilever beam. In addition, the vertical collection unit is composed of a first charge collection module, a first energy collection module, a second charge collection module and a second energy collection module. The first charge collection module and the first energy collection module are connected to the inner top of the frame, the second charge collection module and the second energy collection module are connected to the inner bottom of the frame, and the horizontal collection unit is arranged between the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module. In this way, the vibration of the engineering equipment is transmitted to the horizontal collection unit through the cantilever beam, and the horizontal collection unit is driven by the vibration to have elastic collision and rigid collision with at least one of the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module in turn, and then moves in the opposite direction. The nonlinear conversion component is arranged on the side of the horizontal collection unit away from the vibration conversion unit, and the nonlinear conversion component is used to convert the movement of the horizontal collection unit into continuous segmented nonlinear movement. The horizontal collection unit undergoes elastic collision and rigid collision with the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module during the vertical vibration process. This collision process is converted into nonlinear due to the action of the nonlinear conversion component. During the collision process, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. This conversion is mainly based on the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramics on the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module, that is, the piezoelectric ceramics generate charges when subjected to mechanical stress. The energy collection unit is responsible for collecting and storing the charge energy generated by the vibration conversion and collision process. At the same time, during the collision process, the first energy collection module and the second energy collection module are cut by the relative position change between the coil and the magnet, and the magnetoelectric energy conversion can be realized based on the law of electromagnetic induction, and the energy is collected and stored through the energy collection unit. Therefore, the vibration reduction and energy capture device can not only reduce the vibration of the engineering equipment by converting the vibration energy into electrical energy, but also improve the stability and life of the equipment. On the other hand, the device can convert the vibration energy that was originally wasted into usable electrical energy to achieve energy reuse. In addition, the design of the nonlinear energy well makes the device more adaptable to vibrations of different intensities and frequencies. Under different vibration conditions, it can collect vibration energy in different directions, thereby improving the efficiency of energy conversion.

[0034] 2. The vibration of the engineering equipment is first transmitted to the cantilever beam through the substrate. The cantilever beam converts these vibrations into vibrations of the horizontal collection unit. The horizontal collection unit undergoes elastic and rigid collisions with the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module during the vertical vibration process. Since this collision process is nonlinear, the response of the collision depends not only on the intensity of the collision, but may also be affected by factors such as the collision sequence and speed. During the collision process, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. This conversion is mainly based on the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramics on the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module, that is, the piezoelectric ceramics generate charges when subjected to mechanical stress. The energy collection unit is responsible for collecting and storing the charge energy generated by the vibration conversion and collision process. The vibration reduction and energy capture device can not only reduce the vibration of the engineering equipment by converting the vibration energy into electrical energy, but also improve the stability and life of the equipment. On the other hand, the device can convert the vibration energy that was originally wasted into usable electrical energy to achieve energy recycling.

[0035] 3. Through the combination of rollers, customized raceways, third cylinders, fourth cylinders, balls and third preload springs, a continuous segmented nonlinear force can be provided and customized for the non-smooth nonlinear energy well mechanism. When the roller moves up and down along the customized raceway, the nonlinear conversion component generates a customized nonlinear force, and its type and size depend on the personalized structural shape of the customized raceway. The nonlinear conversion component provides a nonlinear factor for the nonlinear energy well, which determines the compactness and reliability of the device, relatively improves the design space utilization, and broadens its operating frequency band as a whole. In addition, the design of the nonlinear energy well makes the device have better adaptability to vibrations of different intensities and frequencies. Under different vibration conditions, vibration energy in different directions can be collected, thereby improving the efficiency of energy conversion.

[0036] 4. Through the introduction and combination of elastic and rigid collision, the stiffness of the device changes in sections, broadening the working frequency band of vibration reduction and energy capture.

[0037] 5. This device attaches stacked piezoelectric ceramics to the energy collection unit of the elastic and rigid collision surfaces, attaches piezoelectric composite materials to the energy collection unit of the cantilever beam, and adds corresponding multiple external energy storage circuits, which can realize the coordinated conversion of power supply by multiple energy collection units and effectively improve the working efficiency of the device.

[0038] 6. This device has good robustness. It can capture energy in a wide frequency range, and at the same time, it can reduce harmful vibrations and protect the main equipment through passive control of non-smooth nonlinear energy wells. It can meet more engineering application scenarios and significantly improve the efficiency of vibration reduction and energy capture to achieve the goal of integrated vibration reduction and energy capture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an energy well vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a collision energy harvesting unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a nonlinear conversion component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first charge collection module and the first energy collection module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second charge collection module and the second energy collection module in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the flow of the vibration reduction and energy capture method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Description of reference numerals:

[0046] 1-vibration conversion unit; 11-substrate; 111-screw; 12-first vertical plate; 13-cantilever beam;

[0047] 2-Collision energy harvesting unit;

[0048] 21-frame;

[0049] 22- horizontal collection unit; 221- roller; 2211- connector; 222- horizontal preload spring;

[0050] 23-vertical collection unit;

[0051] 231-first charge collection module; 2311-first vertical spring; 2312-first cylindrical tube; 2313-first collision plate; 2314-first stacked piezoelectric ceramic; 2315-second stacked piezoelectric ceramic;

[0052] 232-first energy collection module; 2321-first cylindrical magnet; 2322-first cylindrical iron block; 2323-first coil;

[0053] 233 - second charge collection module; 2331 - second vertical spring; 2332 - second cylindrical tube; 2333 - second collision plate; 2334 - third stacked piezoelectric ceramic; 2335 - fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic;

[0054] 234 - second energy collection module; 2341 - second cylindrical magnet; 2342 - second cylindrical iron block; 2343 - second coil;

[0055] 3- Non-linear transformation component;

[0056] 31-second vertical plate; 32-third preload spring; 33-third cylindrical tube; 34-raceway; 35-fourth cylindrical tube; 36-ball;

[0057] 4-energy collection unit; 41-piezoelectric composite material; 42-conducting wire; 43-energy storage circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can also be the internal connection of two components, it can be a wireless connection, or it can be a wired connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0060] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0061] In the existing technology, the vibration problem of equipment has become increasingly prominent due to the increase in tonnage, power of the main engine and lightening of the main structure of various large-scale engineering equipment. Vibration exceeding a certain limit will inevitably cause great damage to the human body, the equipment itself and the precision monitoring and sensing instruments on it.

[0062] Vibration control technology mainly includes passive control and active control, which reduces the vibration energy transmitted from the vibration source to the main body through vibration reduction, vibration absorption, vibration isolation, etc. Active control will cause problems such as high cost and high energy consumption, while passive control has the advantages of simple structure, easy maintenance and good economy because it only reduces structural vibration by adding energy-consuming devices and does not require external energy input.

[0063] Nonlinear energy wells with non-smooth characteristics such as collision and variable stiffness have better vibration reduction and stability performance than smooth nonlinear energy wells. Therefore, nonlinear energy wells are widely used and promoted in various practical engineering vibration reduction fields.

[0064] However, due to the limitations of existing design, experimental and analytical methods, the development and application of non-smooth nonlinear energy sink technology in most specific engineering scenarios (such as ocean drilling) are greatly limited.

[0065] To solve the above technical problems, please refer to Figure 1-5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force, and the energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force includes a vibration conversion unit 1, a collision energy harvesting unit 2, a nonlinear conversion component 3 and an energy collection unit 4, wherein:

[0066] The vibration conversion unit 1 is used to convert the vibration energy of the engineering equipment into mechanical energy. In this embodiment, the vibration conversion unit 1 includes a substrate 11, a first vertical plate 12 and a cantilever beam 13. The substrate 11 is connected to the vibration part of the engineering equipment, the first vertical plate 12 is vertically connected to one end of the substrate 11, and the cantilever beam 13 is horizontally arranged above the substrate 11, and one end of the cantilever beam 13 is connected to the first vertical plate 12. In this way, the substrate 11 is fixed on the vibration source, the first vertical plate 12 and the cantilever beam 13 form a lever system, and the horizontal vibration of the cantilever beam 13 transfers the vibration energy to the collision energy capture unit 2.

[0067] The collision energy capture unit 2 is used to receive vibration energy from the cantilever beam 13. In this embodiment, the collision energy capture unit 2 includes a frame 21, a horizontal collection unit 22 and a vertical collection unit 23, wherein the frame 21 is used to provide installation support for the horizontal collection unit 22 and the vertical collection unit 23, the horizontal collection unit 22 is horizontally connected to the inside of the frame 21, the vertical collection unit 23 is vertically connected to the frame 21, and the horizontal collection unit 22 is connected to the other end of the cantilever beam 13.

[0068] Preferably, the vertical collection unit 23 includes a first charge collection module 231, a first energy collection module 232, a second charge collection module 233 and a second energy collection module 234, the first charge collection module 231 and the first energy collection module 232 are connected to the inner top of the frame 21, the second charge collection module 233 and the second energy collection module 234 are connected to the inner bottom of the frame 21, and the horizontal collection unit 22 is arranged between the first charge collection module 231 and the second charge collection module 233.

[0069] The vibration of the engineering equipment is transmitted to the horizontal collection unit 22 via the cantilever beam 13. The horizontal collection unit 22 is driven by the vibration to elastically collide with at least one of the first charge collection module 231 and the second charge collection module 233 in sequence and then moves in the opposite direction.

[0070] The nonlinear conversion component 3 is arranged on a side of the horizontal acquisition unit 22 away from the vibration conversion unit 1, and the nonlinear conversion component 3 is suitable for converting the movement of the horizontal acquisition unit 22 into continuous segmented nonlinear movement.

[0071] The energy collection unit 4 is used to collect and store the charge energy on the cantilever beam 13 , the first charge collection module 231 , the first energy collection module 232 , the second charge collection module 233 and the second energy collection module 234 .

[0072] Specifically in this embodiment, the vibration of the engineering equipment is first transmitted to the cantilever beam 13 through the substrate 11, and the cantilever beam 13 converts these vibrations into vibrations of the horizontal collection unit 22. The horizontal collection unit 22 elastically collides with the first charge collection module 231 and the second charge collection module 233 during the vertical vibration process. Since this collision process is nonlinear, it means that the collision response not only depends on the intensity of the collision, but may also be affected by factors such as the collision sequence and speed.

[0073] During the collision, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. This conversion is mainly achieved based on the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramics on the first charge collection module 231 and the second charge collection module 233, that is, the piezoelectric ceramics generate electric charge when subjected to mechanical stress. The energy collection unit 4 is responsible for collecting and storing the charge energy generated by vibration conversion and collision.

[0074] At the same time, during the collision process, the first energy harvesting module 232 and the second energy harvesting module 234 cut the magnetic flux lines due to the change in the relative position of the coil and the magnet, and can realize magneto-electric energy conversion based on the law of electromagnetic induction, and collect and store energy through the energy harvesting unit 4.

[0075] Therefore, the vibration reduction and energy capture device can not only reduce the vibration of engineering equipment and improve the stability and life of the equipment by converting vibration energy into electrical energy, but also can convert the originally wasted vibration energy into usable electrical energy to achieve energy recycling.

[0076] In addition, it is worth noting that the design of the nonlinear energy well makes the device more adaptable to vibrations of different intensities and frequencies. Under different vibration conditions, vibration energy in different directions can be collected, thereby improving the efficiency of energy conversion.

[0077] For further information, see Figure 1 As shown, the horizontal collection unit 22 includes a roller 221 and a horizontal pre-compression spring 222 . The two horizontal pre-compression springs 222 are respectively connected to the two sides of the roller 221 , and one end of the horizontal pre-compression spring 222 away from the roller 221 is fixedly connected to the frame 21 .

[0078] Specifically, the roller 221 is the core component of the horizontal collection unit 22, and it responds to the vibration transmitted by the cantilever beam 13 through its mass. When the cantilever beam 13 is vibrated by the engineering equipment, these vibrations are transmitted to the horizontal collection unit 22, and the horizontal preload spring 222 provides the roller 221 with the necessary elastic force, so that it can vibrate freely inside the frame 21. The preload and stiffness of the horizontal preload spring 222 determine the frequency and amplitude of the vibration of the roller 221. The vibration of the roller 221 in the vertical direction. Due to the intensity and speed of its collision, the roller 221 begins to vibrate in the vertical direction, which will cause it to collide with the first charge collection module 231 and the second charge collection module 233. These collisions form elastic collisions and rigid collisions according to the collision intensity and speed. During the collision, the kinetic energy of the roller 221 is converted into electrical energy, and is realized through piezoelectric materials or electromagnetic induction.

[0079] For further information, see Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the first charge collection module 231 includes a first vertical spring 2311, a first cylindrical tube 2312, a first collision plate 2313, a first stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2314 and a second stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2315. The top end of the first vertical spring 2311 is connected to the frame 21, the first cylindrical tube 2312 is sleeved on the first vertical spring 2311, the first collision plate 2313 is horizontally connected to the bottom end of the first vertical spring 2311, the first stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2314 is arranged on a side surface of the first collision plate 2313 close to the horizontal collection unit 22, the top end of the first cylindrical tube 2312 is fixedly connected to the frame 21, and the second stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2315 is arranged on an end surface of the first cylindrical tube 2312 close to the horizontal collection unit 22.

[0080] Specifically in this embodiment, the roller 221 is suitable for moving in the vertical direction under the drive of the cantilever beam 13, and the first vertical spring 2311 provides an elastic force in the vertical direction. The roller 221 elastically collides with the first collision plate 2313 in the vertical direction, and the first stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2314 on the surface of the first collision plate 2313 is squeezed and deformed, and then accumulates charge due to the piezoelectric effect; the first collision plate 2313 continues to move and then rigidly collides with the first cylindrical tube 2312. Similarly, the second stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2315 on the surface of the first cylindrical tube 2312 is squeezed and deformed, and then can also accumulate charge due to the piezoelectric effect, so that the mechanical energy generated by the upward movement collision can be converted into electrical energy.

[0081] Therefore, the vibration of the cantilever beam 13 in this embodiment causes the roller 221 to move in the vertical direction and elastically collide with the first collision plate 2313. This collision enables the first collision plate 2313 to obtain kinetic energy, thereby squeezing the first vertical spring 2311. The first vertical spring 2311 is compressed and accumulates potential energy. When the spring is compressed to contact with the first cylindrical barrel 2312, this potential energy is suddenly released, causing the first collision plate 2313 to rigidly collide with the first cylindrical barrel 2312.

[0082] Preferably, see Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the first energy collection module 232 includes a first cylindrical magnet 2321, a first cylindrical iron block 2322 and a first coil 2323. The first cylindrical magnet 2321 is attached to the inner wall of the first cylindrical tube 2312, the first cylindrical iron block 2322 is inserted into the first vertical spring 2311, the first coil 2323 is sleeved on the outside of the first vertical spring 2311, one end of the first cylindrical iron block 2322 close to the frame 21 is fixedly connected to the frame 21, one end of the first coil 2323 close to the first collision plate 2313 is fixedly connected to the first collision plate 2313, and the first cylindrical iron block 2322 is located on the central axis of the first coil 2323.

[0083] Considering that the first energy collection module 232 is arranged in the first charge collection module 231, when the roller 221 undergoes elastic collision and rigid collision during the upward vertical vibration, it causes the relative position between the first coil 2323 and the first cylindrical iron block 2322 to change, thereby cutting the magnetic flux lines to generate induced charges, thereby realizing magnetoelectric energy conversion.

[0084] For further information, see Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the second charge collection module 233 includes a second vertical spring 2331, a second cylindrical tube 2332, a second collision plate 2333, a third stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2334 and a fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2335. The bottom end of the second vertical spring 2331 is connected to the frame 21, the second cylindrical tube 2332 is sleeved on the second vertical spring 2331, the second collision plate 2333 is horizontally connected to the top of the second vertical spring 2331, the third stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2334 is arranged on a side surface of the second collision plate 2333 close to the horizontal collection unit 22, the bottom end of the second cylindrical tube 2332 is fixedly connected to the frame 21, and the top of the second cylindrical tube 2332 is provided with a fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2335.

[0085] Similarly, the second charge collection module 233 is arranged on the other side of the horizontal collection unit 22. When the roller 221 starts to move away from the first charge collection module 231, the roller 221 and the second collision plate 2333 have an elastic collision. The third stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2334 on the upper surface of the second collision plate 2333 is squeezed and deformed, and then accumulates charge due to the piezoelectric effect; the second collision plate 2333 continues to move downward and then has a rigid collision with the second cylindrical tube 2332. Similarly, the fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2335 on the surface of the second cylindrical tube 2332 is squeezed and deformed, and then can also accumulate charge due to the piezoelectric effect. In this way, the mechanical energy generated by the downward movement collision can also be converted into electrical energy.

[0086] Preferably, see Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 5, the second energy collection module 234 includes a second cylindrical magnet 2341, a second cylindrical iron block 2342 and a second coil 2343. The second cylindrical magnet 2341 is attached to the inner wall of the second cylindrical tube 2332, the second cylindrical iron block 2342 is inserted into the second vertical spring 2331, the second coil 2343 is sleeved on the outside of the second vertical spring 2331, one end of the second cylindrical iron block 2342 close to the frame 21 is fixedly connected to the frame 21, one end of the second coil 2343 close to the first collision plate 2313 is fixedly connected to the second collision plate 2333, and the second cylindrical iron block 2342 is located on the central axis of the second coil 2343.

[0087] By the same token, based on the second energy collection module 234 being arranged in the second charge collection module 233, when the roller 221 undergoes elastic collision and rigid collision during the downward vertical vibration process, it causes the relative position change between the second coil 2343 and the second cylindrical iron block 2342, thereby cutting the magnetic flux lines to generate induced charges, thereby realizing magneto-electric energy conversion.

[0088] Therefore, the device can adapt to different vibration conditions, thereby improving the environmental adaptability and practicality of the device.

[0089] For further information, see Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the nonlinear conversion assembly 3 includes a second vertical plate 31, a third preload spring 32, a third cylindrical barrel 33, a raceway 34, a fourth cylindrical barrel 35 and a ball 36, wherein:

[0090] The second vertical plate 31 is vertically connected to one end of the base plate 11 away from the first vertical plate 12, the third preload spring 32 is horizontally connected to the second vertical plate 31, the third cylindrical tube 33 is sleeved outside the third preload spring 32, and the fourth cylindrical tube 35 is slidably arranged in the third cylindrical tube 33 through the ball 36, the raceway 34 is vertically connected to one end of the fourth cylindrical tube 35 away from the third preload spring 32, and one end of the fourth cylindrical tube 35 away from the raceway 34 is connected to the free end of the third preload spring 32, and the roller 221 fits tightly on the raceway 34 and is suitable for rolling in the raceway 34.

[0091] Thus, through the combination of the roller 221, the customized raceway 34, the third cylindrical barrel 33, the fourth cylindrical barrel 35, the ball 36 and the third preload spring 32, a continuous segmented nonlinear force can be provided and customized for the non-smooth nonlinear energy sink mechanism. When the roller 221 moves up and down along the customized raceway 34, the nonlinear conversion component 3 generates the customized nonlinear force, and the type and size of the nonlinear force depend on the customized personalized structural shape of the raceway 34.

[0092] For further information, see Figure 1 As shown, the energy collection unit 4 includes a piezoelectric composite material 41 and an energy storage circuit 43, wherein the piezoelectric composite material 41 is arranged on the surface of the cantilever beam 13, and the energy storage circuit 43 is connected to the piezoelectric composite material 41, the first stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2314, the second stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2315, the third stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2334 and the fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2335 through a wire 42.

[0093] In this embodiment, since the piezoelectric composite material 41 is disposed on the surface of the cantilever beam 13 , the piezoelectric effect can be used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0094] Preferably, the piezoelectric composite material may be composed of an inorganic piezoelectric material (such as piezoelectric ceramics) and a polymer matrix, which structure can improve the flexibility and adaptability of the material while maintaining the piezoelectric properties.

[0095] The energy storage circuit 43 is connected to the piezoelectric composite material 41, the first stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2314, the second stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2315, the third stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2334 and the fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic 2335 through the wire 42. By utilizing the characteristics of energy storage elements (such as capacitors or batteries), after the power supply inputs energy for charging, the energy can be stored and released when needed.

[0096] It should be noted that the combined use of piezoelectric composite materials and stacked piezoelectric ceramics can not only improve the efficiency of energy conversion, but also make the conversion from mechanical vibration to electrical energy more efficient.

[0097] It is necessary to further explain that the basic working principle of stacked piezoelectric ceramics is based on the piezoelectric effect, that is, in a specific material (such as piezoelectric ceramics), when mechanical stress is applied, charge distribution and potential difference will be generated, causing the accumulation of charge between electrodes. This effect stores the charge through the energy storage circuit.

[0098] In addition, the stacked piezoelectric ceramic is composed of multiple piezoelectric ceramic layers, each layer having an electrode. When external pressure acts on the roller 221 and is transmitted to the piezoelectric ceramic, the internal polarization charge is rearranged due to the deformation of the piezoelectric material, resulting in charge accumulation.

[0099] For further information, see Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the lower end surfaces of the base plate 11 and the frame 21 are fixedly connected to the vibrating parts of the engineering equipment through a plurality of screws 111 .

[0100] Thus, the substrate 11 and the frame 21 are fixedly connected to the vibrating part of the engineering equipment by screws 111, ensuring that the vibration conversion unit 1 and the collision energy capture unit 2 can stably transmit and convert vibration energy. This fixing method can reduce the energy loss caused by vibration and improve the energy conversion efficiency.

[0101] See also Figure 6 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a vibration reduction and energy capture method of an energy sink vibration reduction and energy capture device based on piecewise nonlinear force, and the vibration reduction and energy capture method comprises the steps of:

[0102] Step S 100 : After the cantilever beam 13, the nonlinear conversion component 3 and the collision energy capture unit 2 are connected to the vibrating part of the engineering equipment through the substrate 11, the roller 221 connected to the cantilever beam 13 is driven to have an initial velocity and moves in the vertical direction under the action of the horizontal preload spring 222;

[0103] Step S 200 : During the movement, when the horizontal preload spring 222 returns to its original length, the roller 221 and the first charge collection module 231 or the second charge collection module 233 undergo elastic collision and rigid collision in sequence and then move in the opposite direction;

[0104] Step S 300 : The first charge collection module 231, the second charge collection module 233 and the cantilever beam 13 are deformed after being subjected to external pressure, thereby continuously accumulating charge; at the same time, the first energy collection module 232 and the second energy collection module 234 realize magnetoelectric energy conversion under the electromagnetic induction of the magnet and the coil;

[0105] Step S 400: The charge energy on the storage cantilever beam 13, the first charge collection module 231, the first energy collection module 232, the second charge collection module 233 and the second energy collection module 234 is collected by the energy collection unit 4.

[0106] Therefore, nonlinear energy trap technology can not only effectively reduce the vibration of engineering equipment and improve the stability and life of the equipment, but also realize energy recovery and reuse by converting vibration energy into electrical energy, thus avoiding energy waste. The key steps of combining elastic collision with rigid collision, charge accumulation and energy collection can effectively suppress the vibration of engineering equipment and efficiently capture energy.

[0107] In addition, while capturing energy within a wide frequency range, it can also reduce harmful vibrations to protect the main equipment through passive control of non-smooth nonlinear energy wells, which can meet a wider range of engineering application scenarios and significantly improve the efficiency of vibration reduction and energy capture to achieve the integrated goal of vibration reduction and energy capture.

[0108] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy trap vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force, characterized in that: include: A vibration conversion unit, comprising a base plate connected to a vibrating part of the engineering equipment, a first vertical plate vertically connected to one end of the base plate, and a cantilever beam horizontally arranged above the base plate, one end of the cantilever beam being connected to the first vertical plate; The collision energy capture unit comprises a frame connected to the upper surface of one side of the substrate, a horizontal collection unit horizontally connected to the inside of the frame, and a vertical collection unit vertically connected to the inside of the frame, wherein the horizontal collection unit is connected to the other end of the cantilever beam, wherein: The vertical collection unit includes a first charge collection module and a first energy collection module connected to the top of the frame and a second charge collection module and a second energy collection module connected to the bottom of the frame, and the horizontal collection unit is arranged between the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module; The vibration of the engineering equipment is transmitted to the horizontal collection unit through the cantilever beam, and the horizontal collection unit is driven by the vibration to sequentially cause elastic collision and rigid collision with at least one of the first charge collection module and the second charge collection module, and then move in the opposite direction; A nonlinear conversion component is provided on a side of the horizontal acquisition unit away from the vibration conversion unit, and the nonlinear conversion component is suitable for converting the movement of the horizontal acquisition unit into a continuous segmented nonlinear movement; An energy collection unit is used to collect and store the charge energy on the cantilever beam, the first charge collection module, the first energy collection module, the second charge collection module and the second energy collection module.

2. The energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal collection unit comprises a roller connected to the free end of the cantilever beam through a connector and a horizontal preload spring connected to both sides of the roller. One end of the horizontal preload spring away from the roller is fixedly connected to the frame.

3. The energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first charge collection module comprises a first vertical spring whose top end is connected to the frame, a first cylindrical tube sleeved on the first vertical spring, a first collision plate horizontally connected to the bottom end of the first vertical spring, a first stacked piezoelectric ceramic provided on a side surface of the first collision plate close to the horizontal collection unit, and a second stacked piezoelectric ceramic provided on an end surface of the first cylindrical tube close to the horizontal collection unit, wherein the top end of the first cylindrical tube is fixedly connected to the frame; The roller is adapted to move in a vertical direction driven by the cantilever beam and to elastically collide with the first collision plate, and the first collision plate is adapted to squeeze the first vertical spring and continue to compress to rigidly collide with the first cylindrical tube.

4. The energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The second charge collection module comprises a second vertical spring whose bottom end is connected to the frame, a second cylindrical tube sleeved on the second vertical spring, a second collision plate horizontally connected to the top of the second vertical spring, a third stacked piezoelectric ceramic provided on a surface of one side of the second collision plate close to the horizontal collection unit, and a fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic provided on a surface of one end of the second cylindrical tube close to the horizontal collection unit, wherein the bottom end of the second cylindrical tube is fixedly connected to the frame; The roller is adapted to move in a vertical direction driven by the cantilever beam and to elastically collide with the second collision plate, and the second collision plate is adapted to squeeze the second vertical spring to compress and rigidly collide with the second cylindrical tube.

5. The energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first energy harvesting module includes a first cylindrical magnet attached to the inner wall of the first cylindrical tube, a first cylindrical iron block inserted into the first vertical spring, and a first coil sleeved on the outside of the first vertical spring, one end of the first cylindrical iron block close to the frame is fixedly connected to the frame, one end of the first coil close to the first collision plate is fixedly connected to the first collision plate, and the first cylindrical iron block is located on the central axis of the first coil.

6. The energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The second energy harvesting module includes a second cylindrical magnet attached to the inner wall of the second cylindrical tube, a second cylindrical iron block inserted into the second vertical spring, and a second coil sleeved on the outside of the second vertical spring. One end of the second cylindrical iron block close to the frame is fixedly connected to the frame, one end of the second coil close to the first collision plate is fixedly connected to the second collision plate, and the second cylindrical iron block is located on the central axis of the second coil.

7. The energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The nonlinear conversion component includes a second vertical plate vertically connected to an end of the substrate away from the first vertical plate, a third preload spring horizontally connected to the second vertical plate, a third cylindrical tube sleeved outside the third preload spring, a fourth cylindrical tube slidably arranged in the third cylindrical tube through a ball bearing, and a raceway vertically connected to an end of the fourth cylindrical tube away from the third preload spring, and an end of the fourth cylindrical tube away from the raceway is connected to a free end of the third preload spring; The roller is tightly fitted on the raceway and is suitable for rolling in the raceway.

8. The energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The energy collection unit includes a piezoelectric composite material and an energy storage circuit arranged on the surface of the cantilever beam, and the energy storage circuit is connected to the piezoelectric composite material, the first stacked piezoelectric ceramic, the second stacked piezoelectric ceramic, the third stacked piezoelectric ceramic and the fourth stacked piezoelectric ceramic through wires.

9. The energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate and the lower end surface of the frame are respectively fixedly connected to the vibration parts of the engineering equipment through a plurality of screws.

10. A vibration reduction and energy harvesting method of an energy sink vibration reduction and energy harvesting device based on piecewise nonlinear force according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The vibration reduction and energy capture method comprises the steps of: Step S 100 : After the cantilever beam, the nonlinear conversion component and the collision energy capture unit are connected to the vibrating part of the engineering equipment through the base plate, the roller connected to the cantilever beam is driven to have an initial velocity and moves in the vertical direction under the action of the horizontal preload spring; Step S 200 : During the movement, when the horizontal preload spring returns to its original length, the roller and the first charge collection module or the second charge collection module undergo elastic collision and rigid collision in sequence and then move in the opposite direction; Step S 300 : The first charge collection module, the second charge collection module and the cantilever beam are deformed after being subjected to external pressure, thereby continuously accumulating charge; At the same time, the first energy harvesting module and the second energy harvesting module realize magneto-electric energy conversion under the electromagnetic induction of the magnet and the coil; Step S 400 : The charge energy on the storage cantilever beam, the first charge collection module, the first energy collection module, the second charge collection module and the second energy collection module is collected through the energy collection unit.

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