Voltage locking method, system and device of voltage-controlled crystal oscillator and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a voltage locking method, system and device for a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the number values of first fluorescence signals under different frequencies, and obtaining the center frequency and modulation depth of the system; second fluorescence signal quantity values of the trapping ion field under different voltages are obtained, a center voltage value corresponding to the center frequency is obtained, and the center voltage value is a to-be-locked voltage value; circularly executing first-time left side frequency detection, first-time right side frequency detection and second-time left side frequency detection in sequence, and collecting fluorescence signals to respectively obtain a third fluorescence signal quantity value, a fourth fluorescence signal quantity value and a fifth fluorescence signal quantity value after detection; adding and subtracting two times of the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value from the third fluorescence signal quantity value and the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value as a signal difference value; and adjusting the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to reach the central voltage value according to the signal difference feedback, and locking the voltage. Fluorescence signal detection and collection, sequential logic control and algorithm processing of the method can be realized only by using a single-chip microcomputer, and the operation is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of microwave frequency standards, and in particular to a voltage locking method, system, device and storage medium for a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator. Background Art

[0002] The mercury ion microwave frequency standard is a new type of frequency standard, which adopts a new working principle different from traditional atomic frequency standards such as hydrogen, rubidium, and cesium. It has the characteristics of being basically unaffected by physical particles and external fields, having small motion effects and long quantum state coherence time. Its spectral line width is narrow and the frequency shift is small. The main reason is that by applying an electrostatic field, a magnetic field or a radio frequency field to the ion trap, the working ions are trapped in the center of the ultra-high vacuum ion trap, so that the ions are completely isolated and in a "completely static state" without external interference, which can greatly improve the performance of the ion microwave frequency standard. The mercury ion microwave frequency standard uses a spectral lamp to pump the ultrafine energy level of the ions. The high-energy-level atoms transition to the low-energy level after spontaneous radiation, and generate fluorescence signals at the same time. The signal can be collected by the frequency detection system. The mercury ion microwave frequency standard includes a microwave source, a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator and a trapped ion field. The microwave source directly acts on the trapped ion field to make the mercury ions transition and generate fluorescence signals. The voltage-controlled crystal oscillator directly acts on the microwave source to make the microwave source generate stable microwave output. If the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator can be locked, the microwave source can produce stable microwave output and the long-term stable operation of the mercury ion microwave frequency standard can be achieved. This is a goal we urgently need to achieve. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present invention provide a voltage locking method, system, device and storage medium for a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, which solidifies the microwave center frequency. The voltage-controlled crystal oscillator performs frequency detection on the trapped ion field to obtain the center voltage value, and then performs a crystal oscillator voltage-controlled locking operation based on the center voltage value, and finally locks the crystal oscillator voltage and output frequency at a stable value, thereby realizing long-term stable operation of the ion frequency standard.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage locking method for a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, the method comprising:

[0006] According to a preset first microwave frequency range and step value, microwave detection of different frequencies is performed on the trapped ion field of the system and fluorescence signals are collected to obtain the quantitative values ​​of the first fluorescence signals at different frequencies, and the center frequency and modulation depth of the system are obtained;

[0007] By controlling and changing the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to change its output frequency, microwave detection is performed on the trapped ion field of the system and fluorescence signals are collected according to the output frequency, the second fluorescence signal quantity value of the trapped ion field under different voltages is obtained, and the center voltage value corresponding to the center frequency is obtained, and the center voltage value is the voltage value to be locked;

[0008] Preset the microwave detection time of the trapped ion field of the system, take the microwave detection time as a cycle, perform the first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection and the second left frequency detection in sequence, and collect the fluorescence signal to obtain the third fluorescence signal quantity value, the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value and the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value after detection, wherein the left frequency is the center frequency minus the modulation depth, and the right frequency is the center frequency plus the modulation depth;

[0009] The sum of the third and fifth fluorescence signal values ​​minus twice the fourth fluorescence signal value is taken as the signal difference;

[0010] The voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator is adjusted to reach the center voltage value according to the signal difference feedback, and the voltage is locked.

[0011] In some possible embodiments, obtaining the center frequency and modulation depth of the system includes:

[0012] Fitting the first fluorescent signal quantity values ​​at different frequencies, and drawing a scatter plot of frequency and the first fluorescent signal quantity, wherein the scatter plot is a two-dimensional data graph, wherein the abscissa is the frequency and the ordinate is the fluorescent signal quantity;

[0013] The mathematical model is used to perform nonlinear fitting on the data on the scatter plot, and the obtained function model is: Among them, W, S0, y0, and v0 are all fitted coefficients, v is the current working frequency of the microwave source, and f(v) represents the number of fluorescence signals; the function model can then be used to obtain the fitted data; based on the function model, the center frequency of the function model is determined; since the variable v is in the denominator in the function model, and the value of v minus v0 must be squared, it can be determined that when v takes the value of v0, the function model f(v) achieves the maximum value, and v0 is the center frequency;

[0014] The fitting data is stored in a container, and the maximum and minimum values ​​of the function model are determined by using the functions of the standard library. Specifically, the fitting data is stored in a container, and the max_element function and the min_element function in the C++ standard library are used. The max_element function and the min_element function traverse the container and return iterators pointing to the maximum and minimum values, thereby determining the maximum value f(v max ) and the minimum value f(vmin ); further comprising calculating a half-height value based on the maximum and minimum values ​​of the function model, specifically, based on the maximum value f(ν max ) and the minimum value f(ν min ), through the formula Calculate the half-height value f(v Half ), based on the function model and the half-height value, two frequency points are calculated. The absolute value of the difference between the two frequency points is the main peak line width, and the half-height value f(ν Half ) into the function model, we get Calculate two unequal roots ν1 and ν2, where The absolute value of the difference between the two frequency points ν1 and ν2 is the spectral line width of the main peak, that is, Δ w =|ν1-ν2|, half of the spectral line width is the modulation depth of the system.

[0015] In some possible embodiments, the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator is controlled to change its output frequency, and microwave detection and fluorescence signal collection are performed on the trapped ion field of the system according to the output frequency, including:

[0016] A second microwave frequency range is preset with the center frequency as the median value, and the output frequency is within the second microwave frequency range. The output frequency acts on a microwave source to generate a corresponding microwave frequency. Microwave detection and fluorescence signals of different frequencies are performed on the trapped ion field according to the second microwave frequency range and step value to obtain the quantity values ​​of the second fluorescence signal at different frequencies, and different frequencies correspond to different voltages.

[0017] In some possible embodiments, the first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection and the second left frequency detection are performed cyclically in sequence, and the fluorescence signals are collected to respectively obtain the third fluorescence signal quantity value, the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value and the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value after detection, including

[0018] The number of rounds of the first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection, and the second left frequency detection is preset to be n rounds. For the third fluorescence signal quantity value obtained in each round, an average value Sal1 is obtained as the third fluorescence signal quantity value. For the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value obtained in each round, an average value Sal2 is obtained as the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value. For the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value obtained in each round, an average value Sar is obtained as the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] And the signal difference S of the third fluorescence signal quantity value, the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value and the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value is calculated as

[0021] S=S al1 +S al2 -S ar ×2.

[0022] In some possible embodiments, the average values ​​Sal1, Sal2 and Sar are smoothed by using the confidence percentages a and b of the values ​​collected by the current detection and the values ​​collected by the previous detection for calculation, where a+b must be equal to 1 and a and b are both ≥. Therefore, the actually used Sal1, Sal2 and Sar are obtained by three calculation formulas, where the subscript old is the value collected by the previous detection, and new is the value collected by the current detection:

[0023] S al1 =a×S al1-old +b×S al1-new

[0024] S al2 =a×S al2-old +b×S al2-new

[0025] S ar =a×S ar-old +b×S ar-new .

[0026] In some possible embodiments, it also includes

[0027] According to the setting strategy of enabling the threshold, if the threshold Vgate is enabled, the adjustment target value Sd is

[0028] S d =SV gate (S≥0)

[0029] S d =S+V gate (S<0)

[0030] If the threshold strategy is not enabled, the target value Sd=S is adjusted.

[0031] In some possible embodiments, adjusting the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to reach the center voltage value according to the signal difference feedback includes:

[0032] According to the function model, the number of fluorescence signals at the frequency positions after adding or subtracting the modulation depth on the left and right sides of the center frequency should be the same, that is, the signal difference is 0, and there is no need to change the crystal oscillator voltage;

[0033] If the number of fluorescence signals on both sides is different, that is, the signal difference is not 0, the collected signal value is based on the current microwave frequency detection, the microwave frequency is calculated by the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, and the signal difference is directly used to feedback the crystal oscillator voltage;

[0034] The adjustment target value Sd is substituted into the feedback algorithm for calculation, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] The voltage offset Vout to be fed back is obtained, and Vout is used to feed back to the crystal oscillator voltage, that is, the crystal oscillator voltage is changed, and the first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection, and the second left frequency detection are repeated for n rounds, and finally the crystal oscillator voltage is gradually locked at the center voltage value;

[0037] Among them, k1, k2, and k3 are empirical values, e n is the error of the current measurement, that is, Sd, e n-1 is the error in the previous measurement.

[0038] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage locking system for a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, characterized in that the system comprises: an acquisition module, a cyclic execution frequency detection module, a data processing module, and a voltage locking module;

[0039] The acquisition module performs microwave detection and fluorescence signal collection at different frequencies on the trapped ion field of the system according to a preset first microwave frequency range and step value, obtains the first fluorescence signal quantity values ​​at different frequencies, and obtains the center frequency and modulation depth of the system; controls and changes the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to change its output frequency, performs microwave detection and fluorescence signal collection on the trapped ion field of the system according to the output frequency, obtains the second fluorescence signal quantity values ​​of the trapped ion field at different voltages, and obtains the center voltage value corresponding to the center frequency, and the center voltage value is the voltage value to be locked;:

[0040] A frequency detection module is executed cyclically, a microwave detection time for the trapped ion field of the system is preset, and the first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection and the second left frequency detection are sequentially executed cyclically with the microwave detection time as a cycle, and the fluorescence signal is collected to obtain the third fluorescence signal quantity value, the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value and the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value after detection, respectively, wherein the left frequency is the center frequency minus the modulation depth, and the right frequency is the center frequency plus the modulation depth;

[0041] A data processing module, wherein the sum of the third and fifth fluorescence signal values ​​minus twice the fourth fluorescence signal value is used as a signal difference;

[0042] The voltage locking module adjusts the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to reach the central voltage value according to the signal difference feedback, and locks the voltage.

[0043] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage locking device for a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, comprising the voltage locking system for the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator described in the second aspect.

[0044] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program or instruction stored therein, and when the computer program or instruction is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is executed.

[0045] The present invention has the advantages that:

[0046] The voltage locking method of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator of the present invention is for a mercury ion microwave frequency standard. The frequency standard only uses a single-chip microcomputer to complete the fluorescence signal collection, and uses a high-stable voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to drive the microwave source output frequency. When the mercury ion microwave frequency standard, also known as the system, solidifies the microwave center frequency through an external reference signal, i.e., the high-stable voltage-controlled crystal oscillator output frequency, the crystal oscillator voltage is controlled to change according to the step size, the trapped ion field is frequency scanned, i.e., the frequency detection is performed, the fluorescence signal value is obtained and the spectrum is drawn, and the fluorescence signal value data is processed to obtain the center voltage value. Then, according to the single-chip microcomputer setting periodic frequency hopping detection timing (i.e., frequency detection timing in a sequential cycle), the fluorescence signal around the center frequency is measured to obtain the signal difference. After averaging the difference and performing threshold deduction and other algorithm processing, the target value of the feedback crystal oscillator is obtained. The target value is brought into the feedback algorithm to calculate the offset of the direct feedback crystal oscillator voltage. This offset is set to the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to change the crystal oscillator voltage. The timing is repeated and repeated, and the crystal oscillator voltage can be gradually locked at a stable numerical point, thereby improving the short-term and long-term stability of the ion frequency standard. The fluorescence signal detection collection, timing logic control and algorithm processing of this method can be realized using only a single-chip microcomputer, and can be adapted to the two detection working modes of double resonance and Rabi. While ensuring flexibility, the operation is simple and the cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the timing of collecting fluorescence signals according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] In the figure: 1-gated main timer; 2-fluorescence collection timer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. At the same time, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] The embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage locking method for a voltage controlled crystal oscillator, see Figure 1 ,include:

[0053] According to a preset first microwave frequency range and step value, microwave detection of different frequencies is performed on the trapped ion field of the system and fluorescence signals are collected to obtain the quantitative values ​​of the first fluorescence signals at different frequencies, and the center frequency and modulation depth of the system are obtained;

[0054] This embodiment uses a mercury ion microwave frequency standard as the system, including a microwave source, a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator and a trapped ion field. The microwave source directly acts on the trapped ion field to cause the mercury ions to transition and generate fluorescence signals. The voltage-controlled crystal oscillator directly acts on the microwave source to allow the microwave source to generate stable microwave output.

[0055] This embodiment uses a single-chip microcomputer to collect fluorescence signals, connects the pulse output end of the fluorescence signal to the external clock pin of the single-chip microcomputer collection timer, and uses the fluorescence signal (pulse) as the collection timer clock, with a statistical cycle of one second. At the same time, a gated main timer is used to trigger an interrupt to read the count value of the collection timer, that is, the fluorescence signal value, as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0056] Get the center frequency f0 and modulation depth f of the system d , the acquisition method refers to the invention patent 202411649105.X "A data fitting method, system, device and storage medium for weak signals", which includes fitting the first fluorescent signal quantity values ​​at different frequencies, and drawing a scatter plot of the frequency and the first fluorescent signal quantity. The scatter plot is a two-dimensional data graph, with the horizontal axis being the frequency and the vertical axis being the fluorescent signal quantity;

[0057] The mathematical model is used to perform nonlinear fitting on the data on the scatter plot, and the obtained function model is: Among them, W, S0, y0, and v0 are all fitted coefficients, v is the current working frequency of the microwave source, and f(v) represents the number of fluorescence signals; the function model can then be used to obtain the fitted data; based on the function model, the center frequency of the function model is determined; since the variable v is in the denominator in the function model, and the value of v minus v0 must be squared, it can be determined that when v takes the value of v0, the function model f(v) achieves the maximum value, and v0 is the center frequency;

[0058] The fitting data is stored in a container, and the maximum and minimum values ​​of the function model are determined by using the functions of the standard library. Specifically, the fitting data is stored in a container, and the max_element function and the min_element function in the C++ standard library are used. The max_element function and the min_element function traverse the container and return iterators pointing to the maximum and minimum values, thereby determining the maximum value f(v max ) and the minimum value f(v min ); further comprising calculating a half-height value based on the maximum and minimum values ​​of the function model, specifically, based on the maximum value f(ν max ) and the minimum value f(ν min ), through the formula Calculate the half-height value f(ν Half ), based on the function model and the half-height value, two frequency points are calculated. The absolute value of the difference between the two frequency points is the main peak line width, and the half-height value f(ν Half ) into the function model, we get Calculate two unequal roots ν1 and ν2, where The absolute value of the difference between the two frequency points ν1 and ν2 is the spectral line width of the main peak, that is, Δ w =|ν1-ν2|, half of the spectral line width is the modulation depth f of the system d . .

[0059] The output frequency of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator is changed by controlling the voltage v of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, and microwave detection and fluorescence signal collection are performed on the trapped ion field of the system according to the output frequency. A second microwave frequency range is preset with the center frequency as the median, and the output frequency is within the second microwave frequency range. The output frequency acts on a microwave source to generate a corresponding microwave frequency. Microwave detection and fluorescence signal collection are performed on the trapped ion field at different frequencies according to the second microwave frequency range and step value to obtain the quantity values ​​of the second fluorescence signal at different frequencies, and different frequencies correspond to different voltages. In this embodiment, microwave detection is performed on the trapped ion field of the system, and the second microwave frequency range is preset to 40507348070-40507348092HZ with the center frequency as the median, and the step value is 0.1. Microwave detection (frequency sweep) is performed starting from the initial point 40507348070 on the left. The control signal is sent by the manually operated upper computer software, sent to the single-chip microcomputer through the 232 serial port, and sent to the microwave source by the single-chip microcomputer through the 232 serial port; the second fluorescence signal quantity value of the trapped ion field under different voltages is obtained, and the center frequency and the corresponding center voltage value are obtained. The center voltage value v0 is the voltage value to be locked;

[0060] The preset detection time of the trapped ion field microwave of the system is one second, and the cycle time of the main timer is one cycle. Usually, the timers are cascaded, and the main timer is used as the gating mode. The working time is one second (detection time), and the stop time (slave timer) is one second (example value), that is, the whole detection cycle is one second plus one second equals two seconds; the first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection and the second left frequency detection are executed by the single-chip microcomputer in sequence, which is the timing control logic of the single-chip microcomputer, and the fluorescence signal is collected to obtain the third fluorescence signal quantity value, the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value and the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value after detection, wherein the left frequency is the center frequency The right frequency is the center frequency minus the modulation depth, and the right frequency is the center frequency plus the modulation depth; the sum of the third and fifth fluorescence signal values ​​minus twice the fourth fluorescence signal value is taken as the signal difference; specifically, the first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection, and the second left frequency detection rounds are preset as n rounds, and the third fluorescence signal value obtained in each round is calculated as the average value Sal1 as the third fluorescence signal value, the fourth fluorescence signal value obtained in each round is calculated as the average value Sal2 as the fourth fluorescence signal value, and the fifth fluorescence signal value obtained in each round is calculated as the average value Sar as the fifth fluorescence signal value, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] And because the background signal effect needs to be deducted, the signal difference S of the third fluorescence signal quantity value, the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value and the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value is calculated as:

[0064] S=S al1 +S al2 -S ar ×2.

[0065] In some possible embodiments, the average values ​​Sal1, Sal2 and Sar are smoothed by using the confidence percentages a and b of the values ​​collected by the current detection and the values ​​collected by the previous detection for calculation, where a+b must be equal to 1 and a and b are both ≥. Therefore, the actually used Sal1, Sal2 and Sar are obtained by three calculation formulas, where the subscript old is the value collected by the previous detection, and new is the value collected by the current detection:

[0066] S al1 =a×S al1-old +b×S al1-new

[0067] S al2 =a×S al2-old +b×S al2-new

[0068] S ar =a×S ar-old +b×S ar-new .

[0069] In some possible embodiments, it also includes

[0070] According to the setting strategy of enabling the threshold, if the threshold Vgate is enabled, the adjustment target value Sd is

[0071] S d =SV gate (S≥0)

[0072] S d =S+V gate (S<0)

[0073] If the threshold strategy is not enabled, the target value Sd=S is adjusted.

[0074] According to the signal difference feedback, the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator is adjusted to reach the central voltage value, and the voltage is locked. Specifically, according to the function model, at the frequency positions after adding or subtracting the modulation depth on the left and right sides of the central frequency, the number of fluorescent signals should be the same, that is, the signal difference is 0, and there is no need to change the crystal oscillator voltage;

[0075] If the number of fluorescence signals on both sides is different, that is, the signal difference is not 0, the collected signal value is based on the current microwave frequency detection, the microwave frequency is calculated by the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, and the signal difference is directly used to feedback the crystal oscillator voltage;

[0076] The adjustment target value Sd is substituted into the feedback algorithm for calculation, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0077]

[0078] The voltage offset Vout to be fed back is obtained, and Vout is used to feed back to the crystal oscillator voltage, that is, the change of the crystal oscillator voltage is realized. The first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection, and the second left frequency detection are repeated for n rounds. When each round of algorithm processing is completed, the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator is adjusted according to the signal difference feedback. The single-chip microcomputer needs to return to the state of the first left detection according to the timing control logic, and finally gradually locks the crystal oscillator voltage at the center voltage value;

[0079] Among them, k1, k2, and k3 are empirical values, and are taken tentatively. For example, k1 is 0.2, k2 is 0.1, and k3 is 0. Then see how the locking effect is. If the fluctuation is large, adjustments may be made, but generally they will not exceed 1. n is the error of the current measurement, that is, Sd, e n-1 is the error in the previous measurement.

[0080] Embodiment 2

[0081] The embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage locking system for a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, comprising: an acquisition module, a cyclic execution frequency detection module, a data processing module, and a voltage locking module;

[0082] The acquisition module performs microwave detection and fluorescence signal collection at different frequencies on the trapped ion field of the system according to a preset first microwave frequency range and step value, obtains the first fluorescence signal quantity values ​​at different frequencies, and obtains the center frequency and modulation depth of the system; controls and changes the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to change its output frequency, performs microwave detection and fluorescence signal collection on the trapped ion field of the system according to the output frequency, obtains the second fluorescence signal quantity values ​​of the trapped ion field under different voltages, and obtains the center voltage value corresponding to the center frequency, and the center voltage value is the voltage value to be locked;

[0083] The frequency detection module is executed cyclically, and the microwave detection time of the trapped ion field of the system is preset. The first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection and the second left frequency detection are sequentially executed cyclically with the microwave detection time as a cycle, and the fluorescence signal is collected to obtain the third fluorescence signal quantity value, the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value and the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value after detection, respectively, wherein the left frequency is the center frequency minus the modulation depth, and the right frequency is the center frequency plus the modulation depth;

[0084] The data processing module adds the third and fifth fluorescence signal values ​​minus twice the fourth fluorescence signal value as a signal difference;

[0085] The voltage locking module adjusts the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to reach the central voltage value according to the signal difference feedback, and locks the voltage.

[0086] Embodiment 3

[0087] The embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage locking device for a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, including the voltage locking system for the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator of the second embodiment,

[0088] Embodiment 4

[0089] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program or instruction stored therein. When the computer program or instruction is executed, the method of the first embodiment is executed.

Claims

1. A voltage locking method for a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, characterized in that: The method comprises: According to a preset first microwave frequency range and step value, microwave detection of different frequencies is performed on the trapped ion field of the system and fluorescence signals are collected to obtain the quantitative values ​​of the first fluorescence signals at different frequencies, and the center frequency and modulation depth of the system are obtained; By controlling and changing the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to change its output frequency, microwave detection is performed on the trapped ion field of the system and fluorescence signals are collected according to the output frequency, the second fluorescence signal quantity value of the trapped ion field under different voltages is obtained, and the center voltage value corresponding to the center frequency is obtained, and the center voltage value is the voltage value to be locked; Preset the microwave detection time of the trapped ion field of the system, take the microwave detection time as a cycle, sequentially and cyclically perform the first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection and the second left frequency detection, and collect the fluorescence signal to respectively obtain the third fluorescence signal quantity value, the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value and the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value after detection, wherein the left frequency is the center frequency minus the modulation depth, and the right frequency is the center frequency plus the modulation depth; The sum of the third and fifth fluorescence signal values ​​minus twice the fourth fluorescence signal value is taken as the signal difference; The voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator is adjusted to reach the center voltage value according to the signal difference feedback.

2. The voltage locking method of a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Get the center frequency and modulation depth of the system, including Fitting the first fluorescent signal quantity values ​​at different frequencies, and drawing a scatter plot of frequency and the first fluorescent signal quantity, wherein the scatter plot is a two-dimensional data graph, wherein the abscissa is the frequency and the ordinate is the fluorescent signal quantity; The mathematical model is used to perform nonlinear fitting on the data on the scatter plot, and the obtained function model is: Among them, W, S0, y0, and v0 are all fitted coefficients, ν is the current working frequency of the microwave source, and f(v) represents the number of fluorescence signals; the function model can then be used to obtain the fitted data; based on the function model, the center frequency of the function model is determined; since the variable v is in the denominator in the function model, and the value of v minus v0 must be squared, it can be determined that when v takes the value of v0, the function model f(v) achieves the maximum value, and v0 is the center frequency; The fitting data is stored in a container, and the maximum and minimum values ​​of the function model are determined by using the functions of the standard library. Specifically, the fitting data is stored in a container, and the max_element function and the min_element function in the C++ standard library are used. The max_element function and the min_element function traverse the container and return iterators pointing to the maximum and minimum values, thereby determining the maximum value f(v max ) and the minimum value f(v min ); further comprising, based on the maximum and minimum values ​​of the function model, calculating the half-height value, specifically, based on the maximum value f(v max ) and the minimum value f(v min ), through the formula Calculate the half-height value f(v Half ), based on the function model and the half-height value, two frequency points are calculated. The absolute value of the difference between the two frequency points is the main peak line width, and the half-height value f(v Half ) into the function model, we get Calculate two unequal roots v1 and v2 of the equation where The absolute value of the difference between the two frequency points v1 and v2 is the spectral line width of the main peak, that is, Δ w =|v1-v2|, half of the spectral line width is the modulation depth of the system.

3. The voltage locking method of a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method comprises: changing the output frequency of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator by controlling the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, performing microwave detection on the trapped ion field of the system and collecting fluorescence signals according to the output frequency, including: A second microwave frequency range is preset with the center frequency as the median value, and the output frequency is within the second microwave frequency range. The output frequency acts on a microwave source to generate a corresponding microwave frequency. Microwave detection and fluorescence signals of different frequencies are performed on the trapped ion field according to the second microwave frequency range and step value to obtain the quantity values ​​of the second fluorescence signal at different frequencies, and different frequencies correspond to different voltages.

4. The voltage locking method of a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sequence loop performs the first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection and the second left frequency detection, and collects the fluorescence signal to respectively obtain the third fluorescence signal quantity value, the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value and the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value after detection, including The number of rounds of the first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection, and the second left frequency detection is preset to be n rounds. For the third fluorescence signal quantity value obtained in each round, an average value Sal1 is obtained as the third fluorescence signal quantity value. For the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value obtained in each round, an average value Sal2 is obtained as the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value. For the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value obtained in each round, an average value Sar is obtained as the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value. The specific calculation formula is as follows: The signal difference S among the third fluorescence signal quantity value, the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value and the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value is calculated as S=S al1 +S al2 -S ar ×2.

5. The voltage locking method of a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The average values ​​Sal1, Sal2 and Sar are smoothed by using the confidence percentages a and b of the values ​​collected by the current detection and the values ​​collected by the previous detection for calculation, where a+b must be equal to 1 and a and b are both ≥. Therefore, the actual Sal1, Sal2 and Sar are obtained by three calculation formulas, where the subscript old is the value collected by the previous detection, and new is the value collected by the current detection: S al1 =a×S al1-old +b×S al1-new S al2 =a×S al2-old +b×S al2-new S ar =a×S ar-old +b×S ar-new 。 6. The voltage locking method of a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a setting strategy based on the enabled threshold. If the threshold Vgate is enabled, the target value Sd is adjusted to S d =S-V gate (S≥0) S d =S+V gate (S<0) If the threshold strategy is not enabled, the target value Sd=S is adjusted.

7. The voltage locking method of a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator according to any one of claim 6, characterized in that: Adjusting the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to reach the center voltage value according to the signal difference feedback includes: According to the function model, the number of fluorescence signals at the frequency positions after adding or subtracting the modulation depth on the left and right sides of the center frequency should be the same, that is, the signal difference is 0, and there is no need to change the crystal oscillator voltage; If the number of fluorescence signals on both sides is different, that is, the signal difference is not 0, the collected signal value is based on the current microwave frequency detection, the microwave frequency is calculated by the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, and the signal difference is directly used to feedback the crystal oscillator voltage; The adjustment target value S d Substitute into the feedback algorithm calculation, the calculation formula is as follows: Get the voltage offset V to be fed back OUT , use V OUT Feedback to the crystal oscillator voltage, that is, to achieve the change of the crystal oscillator voltage, and repeat the first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection, and the second left frequency detection for n rounds, and finally gradually lock the crystal oscillator voltage at the center voltage value; Among them, k1, k2, and k3 are empirical values, e n is the error of the current measurement, that is, Sd, e n-1 is the error in the previous measurement.

8. A voltage locking system for a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, characterized in that: The device comprises: an acquisition module, a cyclic execution frequency detection module, a data processing module, and a voltage locking module; The acquisition module performs microwave detection and fluorescence signal collection at different frequencies on the trapped ion field of the system according to a preset first microwave frequency range and step value, obtains the first fluorescence signal quantity values ​​at different frequencies, and obtains the center frequency and modulation depth of the system; controls and changes the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to change its output frequency, performs microwave detection and fluorescence signal collection on the trapped ion field of the system according to the output frequency, obtains the second fluorescence signal quantity values ​​of the trapped ion field at different voltages, and obtains the center voltage value corresponding to the center frequency, and the center voltage value is the voltage value to be locked; A frequency detection module is executed cyclically, a microwave detection time for the trapped ion field of the system is preset, and the first left frequency detection, the first right frequency detection and the second left frequency detection are sequentially executed cyclically with the microwave detection time as a cycle, and the fluorescence signal is collected to obtain the third fluorescence signal quantity value, the fourth fluorescence signal quantity value and the fifth fluorescence signal quantity value after detection, respectively, wherein the left frequency is the center frequency minus the modulation depth, and the right frequency is the center frequency plus the modulation depth; A data processing module, wherein the sum of the third and fifth fluorescence signal values ​​minus twice the fourth fluorescence signal value is used as a signal difference; The voltage locking module adjusts the voltage of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator to reach the central voltage value according to the signal difference feedback.

9. A voltage locking device for a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator, characterized in that: include: Module for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program or instruction stored therein, and when the computer program or instruction is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is performed.

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