A solar photovoltaic module through an absorption film layer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solar photovoltaic module through an absorption film layer, belonging to the technical field of solar photovoltaic modules. It includes a gradient refractive surface layer, a three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer, a light conversion module and a corrugated reflection support layer. The gradient refractive surface layer includes a first film layer, and a first array of gradient refractive prisms is arranged on the top surface of the first film layer; the inclination angle of the gradient refractive prism linearly transitions from 50° at the top to 30° at the bottom; the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer is arranged on the bottom surface of the gradient refractive surface layer; the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer includes a hydrogenated amorphous silicon film, and a second array of first hexagonal honeycomb cavities is integrally formed on the top surface of the hydrogenated amorphous silicon film; selective light-transmitting holes are formed on the bottom surface of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity; a longitudinal guiding band is arranged at the top of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity; the solar photovoltaic module through the absorption film layer of the present invention can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and anti-bending ability of solar photovoltaic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to a solar photovoltaic module through an absorption film layer, belonging to the technical field of solar photovoltaic modules. Background Art

[0002] Solar light concentrators (LSCs) are fluorescent devices that absorb sunlight and use the total internal reflection effect to waveguide fluorescence to the edge of the plate, and then couple it to a photovoltaic cell to generate electricity. The quantum cutting effect is an optical phenomenon in low-dimensional semiconductor materials. Materials based on this effect can absorb one high-energy photon and emit two low-energy photons. Therefore, LSCs based on this effect can break through the internal quantum efficiency limit of the above devices. Moreover, the energies of the two photons emitted by quantum cutting are much smaller than the bandgap energy of the fluorescent material, thus effectively reducing the self-absorption loss of LSCs. Existing solar light concentrators, such as a solar light concentrator based on the quantum cutting effect disclosed in the Chinese Patent Grant Publication No.: CN111170646B, mainly use quantum dots with the quantum cutting effect as light absorption and emission materials, and polymers as optical waveguide media. The large extinction coefficient of the quantum dots is used to efficiently absorb light, and the large spectral Stokes shift is achieved through its quantum cutting effect to effectively reduce the self-absorption loss, while achieving a doubled fluorescence quantum efficiency. Finally, the polymer waveguides the light to the solar cell on the side to achieve photoelectric conversion. However, the film layer of the existing solar light concentrator cannot be bent. After the film layer is bent, it will damage the quantum cutting layer, thereby affecting the light conversion efficiency. In addition, the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the film layer of the existing solar light concentrator is relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a solar photovoltaic module through an absorption film layer, which can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and anti-bending ability of solar photovoltaics.

[0004] The solar photovoltaic module through the absorption film layer of the present invention includes:

[0005] A gradient refractive layer, the gradient refractive layer includes a first film layer, and a first array of gradient refractive prisms is provided on the top surface of the first film layer; the inclination angle of the gradient refractive prism linearly transitions from 50° at the top to 30° at the bottom;

[0006] The inclination angle of the gradient refractive prism of the gradient refractive layer linearly changes from 50° at the top to 30° at the bottom; when the incident light penetrates the gradient refractive prism, the refraction angle continuously changes, and the refractive index gradient transitions, significantly reducing the Fresnel reflection and reducing the surface reflection loss, with a reflectivity < 2%; the side walls of the prism produce secondary refraction for the obliquely incident light, expanding the effective incident angle range by ±70°;

[0007] Three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer, the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer is arranged on the bottom surface of the gradient refractive layer; the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer includes a hydrogenated amorphous silicon film, and a second array of first hexagonal honeycomb cavities is integrally formed on the top surface of the hydrogenated amorphous silicon film; selective light-transmitting holes are formed on the bottom surface of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity; longitudinal guiding bands are arranged on the top of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity; the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer is located below the gradient refractive layer and is made of an amorphous silicon thin film into a hexagonal honeycomb-like array; the depth of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity is 50 - 200 μm, and the wall thickness is 10 μm; incident light is confined within the honeycomb walls through total internal reflection, and the optical path is extended by more than 3 times that of a planar structure; micropores are arranged at the bottom of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity as selective light-transmitting holes, and selective transmission can be carried out through the micropores to transmit infrared and ultraviolet light wavelengths to the lower layer, thereby allowing light of a specific wavelength to be transmitted to the lower layer for secondary absorption; the honeycomb walls of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity and the air cavity form a high refractive index difference interface, and incident light undergoes multiple total internal reflections (average number of reflections ≥ 5 times) within the walls, and the optical path is extended from 1 - 2 μm to 5 - 10 μm, and the absorption efficiency is increased to 16 - 21% compared with a planar structure; the second array is a first hexagonal honeycomb cavity with a period of 10 μm, forming a photonic crystal bandgap to inhibit the escape of light of a specific wavelength and achieve an increase in the absorption rate of a specific band;

[0008] Light conversion module, the light conversion module includes a second film layer, and a second hexagonal honeycomb cavity is integrally formed on the bottom surface of the second film layer, and a light conversion layer for converting ultraviolet light to visible light is arranged on the inner wall of the second hexagonal honeycomb cavity;

[0009] Folded reflection support layer, the folded reflection support layer is arranged on the bottom surface of the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer; the folded reflection support layer includes a TPU substrate, the surface of the TPU substrate is a folded surface, and the folding wavelength of the folded surface is 100 μm; a reflection stack is arranged on the top surface of the folded reflection support layer; the folded reflection support layer is attached to the surface of the solar photovoltaic module; the reflection stack can be re-reflected to the light conversion layer in an inclined manner, and the folded reflection support layer adopts a wavy folding structure. When the light passes through the absorption film layer and bends, the stress is compensated by the unfolding of the folds, that is, through the unfolding of the folds, the integrity of the reflection stack is maintained, and the reflection stack is avoided from being damaged due to bending;

[0010] The three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer captures and absorbs the spectrum of a specific band, and for non-specific bands, they are discharged through the selective light-transmitting holes. The second hexagonal honeycomb cavity of the light conversion module and the folded reflection support layer form a reflective three-dimensional light conversion space. Non-specific bands pass through the three-dimensional light conversion space and are reflected by the folded reflection support layer to the three-dimensionally arranged light conversion layer. After wavelength conversion by the light conversion layer, they re-enter the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer; the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer performs secondary absorption on the reflected visible light;

[0011] The gradient refractive surface layer, three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer, light conversion layer, and corrugated reflection support layer are integrally formed by hot pressing.

[0012] Furthermore, a PI film is provided between the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer and the light conversion layer; heat dissipation channels are formed on the top surface of the PI film; phase change fillers are filled inside the heat dissipation channels; a sealing cover layer is provided on the top surface of the corrugated reflection support layer; the sealing cover layer is thermally pressed and fixed to the corrugated reflection support layer; the heat dissipation channels include main channels provided on the top and bottom surfaces of the PI film, and a plurality of irregular branch channels are formed between the two main channels. By forming heat dissipation channels on the top surface of the PI film, the heat dissipation channels form a micro-channel network on the bottom surface of the light absorption film layer; and phase change fillers are injected into the micro-channel network. The phase change filler is a paraffin / carbon nanotube composite phase change material with a melting point of 45-50°C. After the phase change material absorbs the heat of the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer, the phase change filler heats up and liquefies, and autonomously flows along the capillary force between the irregular branch channels and the main channels. The measured thermal conductivity is increased to 8.3 W / mK (0.2 W / mK for pure paraffin); self-circulating heat dissipation without a pump is achieved through capillary action, which can reduce the working temperature by 5-16°C and improve the working efficiency of the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer.

[0013] Furthermore, each of the gradient refractive prisms faces a first hexagonal honeycomb cavity; the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity has a 1:1 correspondence with the gradient refractive prism, and the deviation is ±2 μm.

[0014] Furthermore, the first film layer is a PET flexible substrate, and the first array is made of a PDMS film or a fluorinated acrylate film; the second film layer is a PI film.

[0015] Furthermore, a self-cleaning anti-reflection layer is coated on the top surface of the gradient refractive surface layer; the self-cleaning anti-reflection layer is formed by reactive sputtering of hydrophobic fluorine-doped SnO2 onto the gradient refractive surface layer; the thickness of the self-cleaning anti-reflection layer is 5-10 nm, and it has both anti-reflection and anti-fouling functions.

[0016] Furthermore, the light conversion layer is a quantum cutting layer, and the quantum cutting layer is composed of Eu³+ / Tb³+ co-doped fluorescent material; ultraviolet light (300-380 nm) penetrating the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer is converted into visible light (450-650 nm), and the conversion efficiency reaches 92%; and the visible light is re-projected onto the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer and re-absorbed and applied by the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer.

[0017] Furthermore, the reflective stack is an alternating deposition of TiO2 layers and SiO2 layers; the number of layers of the reflective stack is 3 to 5 layers; the single-layer thickness of the TiO2 layer is 60 nm respectively, and the single-layer thickness of the SiO2 layer is 100 nm; ultraviolet light is reflected onto the light conversion layer; the ultraviolet light reflectivity reaches 99.6%.

[0018] Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the gradient refractive prism is of a triangular or trapezoidal structure.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the solar photovoltaic module of the present invention passes through the absorption film layer, and the three-dimensional light guiding absorption layer captures and absorbs the spectrum of a specific band, which can suppress the escape of light of a specific wavelength. For non-specific bands, it is discharged through the selective light-transmitting holes, reducing the loss of hot carriers. The micropores, through the quantum confinement effect, only allow low-energy carriers to project, while high-energy hot carriers are restricted inside the three-dimensional light guiding absorption layer; the three-dimensional light guiding absorption layer realizes an increase in the absorption rate of a specific band. After non-specific bands are subjected to light conversion and then through reflection absorption, it can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar photovoltaics and ensure durability and bending resistance. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the solar photovoltaic module of the present invention passing through the absorption film layer.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gradient refractive surface layer of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the three-dimensional light guiding absorption layer of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the light conversion module with the bottom surface facing up of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the corrugated reflection support layer of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1. Gradient refractive surface layer, 2. First film layer, 3. Gradient refractive prism, 4. Three-dimensional light guiding absorption layer, 5. Hydrogenated amorphous silicon film, 6. First hexagonal honeycomb cavity, 7. Light conversion module, 8. Second film layer, 9. Second hexagonal honeycomb cavity, 10. Light conversion layer, 11. Corrugated reflection support layer. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] Example:

[0027] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, the solar photovoltaic module passing through the absorption film layer includes:

[0028] Gradient refractive surface layer 1, the gradient refractive surface layer 1 includes a first film layer 2, and a first array of gradient refractive prisms 3 is arranged on the top surface of the first film layer 2; the inclination angle of the gradient refractive prism 3 linearly transitions from 50° at the top to 30° at the bottom;

[0029] The inclination angle of the gradient refractive prism 3 of the gradient refractive layer 1 gradually changes linearly from 50° at the top to 30° at the bottom; when the incident light penetrates the gradient refractive prism 3, the refraction angle changes continuously, the refractive index gradient transitions, significantly reducing Fresnel reflection, reducing surface reflection loss, and the reflectivity < 2%; the side wall of the prism produces secondary refraction for the obliquely incident light, expanding the effective incident angle range to ±70°; during processing, electron beam lithography is used on the silicon wafer to process the master mold of the gradient inclination prism, and the side wall angle tolerance of the prism is corrected by ion beam etching; then, the PDMS prepolymer is poured into the master mold, and after curing, the PDMS is peeled off from the master mold to obtain the prism film layer. Then, a white light interferometer is used to detect the inclination gradient distribution of the prism film layer to ensure that the linear error of the angle change < 1%; then, the surface of the PET flexible substrate (thickness 200 μm) is treated with oxygen plasma (power 150 W, time 120 s); and the prism film layer and the PET flexible substrate are aligned through a nanoscale alignment system, and a photocurable adhesive is sprayed between the PET flexible substrate and the prism film layer and cured integrally to obtain the first film layer 2;

[0030] The three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer 4, the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer 4 is arranged on the bottom surface of the gradient refractive layer 1; the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer 4 includes a hydrogenated amorphous silicon film 5, and a second array of first hexagonal honeycomb cavities 6 is integrally formed on the top surface of the hydrogenated amorphous silicon film 5; selective light-transmitting holes are formed on the bottom surface of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity 6; longitudinal guiding bands are arranged on the top of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity 6;

[0031] The three-dimensional light guide absorption layer 4 is located below the gradient refractive layer 1 and is made of an amorphous silicon thin film into a hexagonal honeycomb array; the depth of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity 6 is 50-200 μm, and the wall thickness is 10 μm; the incident light is confined within the honeycomb wall through total internal reflection, and the optical path is extended by more than 3 times that of the planar structure; micropores are provided at the bottom of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity 6 as selective light-transmitting holes, and selective transmission can be carried out through the micropores. For example, the selective light-transmitting holes are opened as micropores with a diameter of 5 μm, which is close to the visible light wavelength order of magnitude. Using the waveguide cutoff effect, only infrared light with a wavelength greater than 800 nm is allowed to transmit through the three-dimensional light guide absorption layer 4, reducing the loss of hot carriers; for another example, the selective light-transmitting holes are opened as micropores with a diameter of 2.5 μm to transmit the ultraviolet light wavelength to the lower layer, thereby allowing light with a specific wavelength to transmit to the lower layer for secondary absorption; during processing, first etch the surface of the 5-μm hydrogenated amorphous silicon film 5, and punch holes at the bottom of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity 6 by femtosecond laser, and the aperture error is less than 0.1 μm; after the etching is completed, adsorb it on a porous ceramic suction cup with an aperture of 10 μm, and the vacuum pressure is -70 KPa to prevent the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity 6 from collapsing; then, process the longitudinal guiding band, apply silver glue to the top of the inner wall of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity 6, and then form a longitudinal guiding band with a width of 15 μm by screen printing; silver nanowires are coated on the top of the first hexagonal honeycomb wall, and the wire width is 15 μm to form a vertically penetrating charge collection path. The cavity of the first hexagonal honeycomb wall limits the carrier diffusion length within the wall thickness range (<10 μm), enabling the carriers to be quickly collected before recombination. The array of the first hexagonal honeycombs forms an array of independent units (0.01 mm² / independent unit), and the distributed Schottky barrier reduces the leakage current to 10 ﹣7 A / cm 2 ; The first hexagonal honeycomb cavity 6 can perform wide-angle light capture. The symmetric structure of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity 6 allows light to be effectively captured when incident from any angle; within the incident angle range of ±70°, the absorption efficiency fluctuation <5%; the honeycomb wall of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity 6 and the air cavity form a high refractive index difference interface. The incident light undergoes multiple total internal reflections (average number of reflections ≥5 times) within the wall, and the optical path is extended from 1-2 μm to 5-10 μm. Compared with the planar structure, the absorption efficiency is increased to 16-21%; the second array is a first hexagonal honeycomb cavity 6 with a period of 10 μm, forming a photonic crystal band gap to inhibit the escape of light with a specific wavelength (such as 300-500 nm), and realizing an increase in the absorption rate of a specific band;

[0032] The light conversion module 7, the light conversion module 7 includes a second film layer 8, and a second hexagonal honeycomb cavity 9 is integrally formed on the bottom surface of the second film layer 8, and a light conversion layer 10 for converting ultraviolet light into visible light is provided on the inner wall of the second hexagonal honeycomb cavity 9;

[0033] The wrinkled reflective support layer 11 is disposed on the bottom surface of the three-dimensional light guide and absorption layer 4; the wrinkled reflective support layer 11 includes a TPU substrate, the surface of the TPU substrate is a wrinkled surface, and the wrinkle wavelength of the wrinkled surface is 100 μm; a reflective stack is disposed on the top surface of the wrinkled reflective support layer 11; the wrinkled reflective support layer 11 is attached to the surface of the solar photovoltaic module;

[0034] After preheating the TPU film at 120 °C, it is placed in a negative pressure cavity (-80 KPa), and regular wrinkles with a wavelength of 100 μm are formed by surface adsorption; and a reflective stack is provided on the regular wrinkles, which can reflect the reflective stack back to the light conversion layer 10 by means of inclination. The wrinkled reflective support layer 11 adopts a wavy wrinkled structure. When the light-transmitting absorption film layer is bent, the stress is compensated by the unfolding of the wrinkles, that is, by the unfolding of the wrinkles (when the bending radius > 5 mm, the amplitude expands from 20 μm to 35 μm), the integrity of the reflective stack is maintained; to avoid the damage of the reflective stack caused by bending; the reflectivity fluctuation < 3%;

[0035] The gradient refraction layer 1, the three-dimensional light guide and absorption layer 4, the light conversion layer 10, and the wrinkled reflective support layer 11 are integrally formed by hot pressing.

[0036] A PI film is disposed between the three-dimensional light guide and absorption layer 4 and the light conversion layer 10; heat dissipation channels are opened on the top surface of the PI film; the heat dissipation channels are filled with phase change fillers; a sealing cover layer is disposed on the top surface of the wrinkled reflective support layer 11; the sealing cover layer is thermally pressed and fixed to the wrinkled reflective support layer 11; the heat dissipation channels include main channels disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the PI film, and a plurality of irregular branch channels are opened between the two main channels.

[0037] By opening heat dissipation channels on the top surface of the PI film, the heat dissipation channels form a microchannel network on the bottom surface of the light-transmitting absorption film layer; and phase change fillers are injected into the microchannel network. The phase change filler is a paraffin / carbon nanotube composite phase change material with a melting point of 45-50 °C. After the phase change material absorbs the heat of the three-dimensional light guide and absorption layer 4, the phase change filler heats up and liquefies, and autonomously flows along the capillary force between the irregular branch channels and the main channels. The measured thermal conductivity is increased to 8.3 W / mK (0.2 W / mK for pure paraffin); the self-circulating heat dissipation without a pump is realized through capillary action, which can reduce the working temperature by 5-16 °C and improve the working efficiency of the three-dimensional light guide and absorption layer 4;

[0038] The processing process of the heat dissipation channels of the PI film is as follows: The heat dissipation channel pattern is written directly by laser, with a line width of 20 μm. Then, O2 plasma etching is used, and the etching depth is 50 μm. Next, the surface of the heat dissipation channels is hermetically sealed. During the sealing, after the phase change material is cured, an inorganic sealing layer is first processed on the top surface of the heat dissipation channels, and then an organic reinforcement layer is processed. The specific process of processing the inorganic sealing layer is as follows: SiNx (with a thickness of 200 nm) is deposited by PECVD. The deposition parameters are: SiH4 / NH3 = 1:4, the pressure is 100 Pa, and the radio frequency power is 150 W. The specific process of processing the organic reinforcement layer is as follows: Poly-p-xylene is spin-coated, with a thickness of 5 μm, a deposition rate of 0.5 μm / h, and conformal coverage is completed at room temperature.

[0039] Each of the gradient refraction prisms 3 faces a first hexagonal honeycomb cavity 6; there is a 1:1 correspondence between the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity 6 and the gradient refraction prism 3, and the deviation is ±2 μm.

[0040] The first film layer 2 is a PET flexible substrate, and the first array is made of a PDMS film or a fluorinated acrylate film; the second film layer 8 is a PI film.

[0041] A self-cleaning antireflection layer is coated on the top surface of the gradient refraction layer 1; the self-cleaning antireflection layer is formed by reactively sputtering hydrophobic fluorine-doped SnO2 onto the gradient refraction layer 1; the thickness of the self-cleaning antireflection layer is 5 - 10 nm, and it has both antireflection and antifouling functions; fluorine doping induces a low-energy state on the surface, the water contact angle > 110°, reducing the efficiency attenuation caused by dust adhesion; the deposition process of the self-cleaning antireflection layer is as follows: Reactively sputter fluorine-doped SnO2: The target is SnO2, the O2 / Ar flow ratio is 1:20, the deposition temperature is 150 °C, and the contact angle > 110°.

[0042] The light conversion layer 10 is a quantum cutting layer, and the quantum cutting layer is composed of Eu³+ / Tb³+ co-doped fluorescent material; the ultraviolet light (300 - 380 nm) that penetrates the three-dimensional light guiding absorption layer 4 is converted into visible light (450 - 650 nm), and the conversion efficiency reaches 92%; and the visible light is re-projected onto the three-dimensional light guiding absorption layer 4 and re-absorbed and applied by the three-dimensional light guiding absorption layer 4.

[0043] The reflective stack is an alternately deposited TiO2 layer and SiO2 layer; the number of layers of the reflective stack is 3 to 5 layers; the single-layer thickness of the TiO2 layer is 60 nm respectively, and the single-layer thickness of the SiO2 layer is 100 nm; ultraviolet light is reflected to the light conversion layer 10; the ultraviolet light reflectivity reaches 99.6%;

[0044] The preparation process of the reflective stack is as follows: Use plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition:

[0045] SiO2 layer: SiH4 / NH3 / N2 flow rate ratio 1:2:10, pressure 50 Pa, RF power 400 W, deposition rate 5 nm / s;

[0046] TiO2 layer: TiCl4 / O2 flow rate ratio 1:5, pressure 30 Pa, deposition temperature 350 °C.

[0047] The longitudinal section of the gradient refractive prism 3 is a triangular or trapezoidal structure.

[0048] When processing the transmissive absorption film layer of the solar photovoltaic module of the present invention, for the above-mentioned threshold section, the upper limit value of the threshold section is used to prepare the transmissive absorption film layer of the solar photovoltaic module, which has the following advantages:

[0049] 1. The spectral absorptance is improved: It can collect the light energy in the wavelength range of 300~1200 nm, and the average reflectance < 2%;

[0050] 2. Module efficiency: Laboratory tests show a conversion efficiency of 27.4% (under standard AM1.5G illumination);

[0051] 3. Durability: Passed the IEC 61215 standard test (UV 15 KWh / m 2 , damp heat 1000 h, thermal cycle 200 times), and the efficiency degradation < 3%;

[0052] 4. Bending test: After 1000 cycles with a bending radius of 5 mm, the efficiency retention rate > 96%.

[0053] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structures, features, and principles described in the scope of the present invention application are included in the scope of the present invention application.

Claims

1. A solar photovoltaic module through an absorption film layer, characterized in that: Comprising: A gradient refractive layer, the gradient refractive layer includes a first film layer, and a first array of gradient refractive prisms is provided on the top surface of the first film layer; the inclination angle of the gradient refractive prism linearly transitions from 50° at the top to 30° at the bottom; A three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer, the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer is provided on the bottom surface of the gradient refractive layer; the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer includes a hydrogenated amorphous silicon film, and a second array of first hexagonal honeycomb cavities is integrally formed on the top surface of the hydrogenated amorphous silicon film; selective light-transmitting holes are formed on the bottom surface of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity; a longitudinal guiding band is provided at the top of the first hexagonal honeycomb cavity; A light conversion module, the light conversion module includes a second film layer, and a second hexagonal honeycomb cavity is integrally formed on the bottom surface of the second film layer, and a light conversion layer for converting ultraviolet light into visible light is provided on the inner wall of the second hexagonal honeycomb cavity; A corrugated reflection support layer, the corrugated reflection support layer is provided on the bottom surface of the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer; the corrugated reflection support layer includes a TPU substrate, the surface of the TPU substrate is a corrugated surface, and the corrugation wavelength of the corrugated surface is 100 μm; a reflection stack is provided on the top surface of the corrugated reflection support layer; the corrugated reflection support layer is attached to the surface of the solar photovoltaic module; The gradient refractive layer, the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer, the light conversion layer and the corrugated reflection support layer are integrally formed by hot pressing.

2. The solar photovoltaic module through the absorption film layer according to claim 1, wherein: A PI film is provided between the three-dimensional light guiding and absorbing layer and the light conversion layer; heat dissipation channels are formed on the top surface of the PI film; phase change fillers are filled in the heat dissipation channels; a sealing cover layer is provided on the top surface of the corrugated reflection support layer; the sealing cover layer is thermally pressed and fixed to the corrugated reflection support layer.

3. The solar photovoltaic module through the absorption film layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat dissipation channels include main channels provided on the top surface and the bottom surface of the PI film, and a plurality of irregular branch channels are formed between the two main channels.

4. The solar photovoltaic module through the absorption film layer according to claim 1, wherein: Each gradient refractive prism faces a first hexagonal honeycomb cavity.

5. The solar photovoltaic module through the absorption film layer according to claim 1, wherein: The first film layer is a PET flexible substrate, and the first array is made of a PDMS film or a fluorinated acrylate film; the second film layer is a PI film.

6. The solar photovoltaic module through the absorption film layer according to claim 1, wherein: A self-cleaning antireflection layer is coated on the top surface of the gradient refractive layer; the self-cleaning antireflection layer is formed by reactive sputtering of hydrophobic fluorine-doped SnO2 onto the gradient refractive layer.

7. The solar photovoltaic module through the absorption film layer according to claim 1, wherein: The light conversion layer is a quantum cutting layer, and the quantum cutting layer is composed of Eu³+ / Tb³+ co-doped fluorescent material.

8. The solar photovoltaic module through the absorption film layer according to claim 1, wherein: The reflection stack is an alternately deposited TiO2 layer and SiO2 layer; the number of layers of the reflection stack is 3 to 5 layers; the single-layer thickness of the TiO2 layer is 60 nm respectively, and the single-layer thickness of the SiO2 layer is 100 nm.

9. The solar photovoltaic module through the absorption film layer according to claim 1, wherein: The longitudinal cross-section of the gradient refractive prism is a triangular or trapezoidal structure.

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