Efficient breeding method of patrinia scabiosae based on rhizome cutting

Abstract

The application discloses a high-efficiency breeding method of patrinia villosa based on rhizome cutting, relates to the technical field of patrinia villosa breeding and planting, and comprises the following steps: (1) selecting underground rhizomes of patrinia villosa as breeding materials and performing cutting treatment to obtain patrinia villosa cuttings; and (2) performing cutting and environment management on the patrinia villosa cuttings to cultivate and obtain patrinia villosa seedlings. The application realizes a high-efficiency, rapid and stable patrinia villosa seedling breeding mode, overcomes problems of long breeding period, low survival rate and complex management in seed breeding, has important industrial popularization value, and can greatly improve the planting efficiency and economic benefits of patrinia villosa.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of breeding and planting of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency breeding method of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii based on rhizome cutting. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, the seedling breeding of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii in field production mainly relies on seedling technology, and the sowing is usually arranged in November to December every year, and the transplanting is carried out in mid-to-late April of the next year. However, this breeding method has many challenges. First, the seedling period is relatively long, which takes 5 months, resulting in limited production efficiency and difficulty in meeting the market demand for rapid expansion.

[0003] The seeds of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii are tiny, only between 400-600 μm, and the seedlings grow slowly, which makes them extremely sensitive to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, soil conditions, etc., increasing the difficulty of management. In addition, the seed germination rate is restricted by many factors, and the seedling survival rate is low, further increasing the complexity and cost of the seedling process.

[0004] Through in-depth analysis of existing related patent technologies, the inventors found that although patents such as “A seedling cultivation method of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii” (CN202311598257.7), “A planting method of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii” (CN202110618758.1) and “A planting method of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii” (CN201710315027.3) have proposed methods to improve the success rate of seed propagation by optimizing seedling substrate, controlling environmental conditions or improving water and fertilizer management, there are still the following core problems:

[0005] 1. Long seedling period: seed breeding from sowing to transplanting stage at least needs 5 months, which seriously restricts the production efficiency and is difficult to meet the urgent demand for rapid expansion.

[0006] 2. Seed germination rate is easily affected by environment: Herba Desmodii Styracifolii seeds have high requirements for water, temperature, light and other environmental conditions due to their small size, and any slight environmental fluctuation may cause a significant decrease in seedling rate.

[0007] 3. Slow growth of seedlings and difficult management: seedlings grow weakly in the early stage and have low disease resistance, which requires fine water and fertilizer management, undoubtedly increasing the difficulty and cost of field management.

[0008] 4. Unstable quality of seedlings: due to the differences between individual seeds and the uncontrollability of environmental factors, the size of the seedlings bred varies, which affects the growth performance after field transplanting.

[0009] In addition, it is worth noting that the underground rhizome of the whole plant of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii is usually discarded in the traditional harvesting process, which is not fully utilized, resulting in waste of resources. The existing technology ignores the development and utilization of the potential resource of the underground rhizome in the planting and seedling process of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii, which is undoubtedly a regret.

[0010] In summary, the seedling breeding technology of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii needs to be innovated to solve the problems of long seedling period, large environmental influence on germination rate, slow growth of seedlings, difficult management, unstable quality of seedlings, and low utilization rate of underground rhizome resources. SUMMARY

[0011] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a high-efficiency breeding method of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii based on rhizome cutting.

[0012] The present application provides a high-efficiency breeding method of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii based on rhizome cutting, which comprises the following steps:

[0013] (1) selecting the underground rhizome of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii as breeding material and performing cutting preparation to obtain Herba Desmodii Styracifolii cuttings;

[0014] (2) performing cutting and environmental management on the Herba Desmodii Styracifolii cuttings to cultivate and obtain Herba Desmodii Styracifolii seedlings.

[0015] Further, the step of selecting the underground rhizome of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii as breeding material comprises the following process:

[0016] After harvesting Herba Desmodii Styracifolii, healthy underground rhizomes free of pests and diseases are selected for cutting preparation.

[0017] Further, the rhizome with buds and root system is selected, the cutting length is 4-6 cm, and the root length is 1.5-2 cm, which is used as cutting.

[0018] Further, the step of performing cutting and management on the Herba Desmodii Styracifolii cuttings to obtain Herba Desmodii Styracifolii seedlings comprises the following process:

[0019] (1) preparing a seedling substrate;

[0020] (2) placing the rhizome cuttings horizontally on the surface of the seedling substrate and covering them with 1-2 cm thick seedling substrate;

[0021] (3) after sufficient watering and rooting, placing the seedling container in a water tray, maintaining the water depth of the tray at 4 cm, and when the water evaporates to the bottom, replenishing the water to 4 cm again to form a dry-wet cycle;

[0022] (4) covering the seedling container with a transparent cover, leaving a ventilation gap between the cover and the container;

[0023] (5) The seedling raising system is placed in an environment with a temperature of 25 DEG C, 18 hours of light per day, 6 hours of darkness, and a light intensity of 8000 Lux for cultivation.

[0024] Further, sprouting of the cuttings can be observed within 5 days after cutting, and seedlings with a height of 5-10 cm and developed root systems can be obtained within 14 days.

[0025] Further, the seedling raising substrate is pure grass charcoal soil.

[0026] Further, the water depth fluctuation in the tray is controlled within a range of 4±0.5 cm.

[0027] Further, the survival rate of rhizome cutting is 100%.

[0028] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has at least the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0029] The embodiment of the present application provides a high-efficiency breeding method of Rhynchosia volubilis based on rhizome cutting, which innovatively uses the underground rhizome of Rhynchosia volubilis as the core material for seedling breeding, and realizes high survival rate, rapid growth and developed and robust root system of the seedlings through optimization of the rhizome cutting seedling raising mode. Compared with traditional seed breeding, the present patent technology has the following significant advantages:

[0030] 1. The seedling raising period is significantly shortened: the present application uses rhizome cutting for breeding, and seedlings can be obtained in only 5 days, and the length of the seedlings can reach 5-10 cm at 14 days. Compared with the 5-month time required for traditional seedling raising, the present application greatly shortens the seedling raising period and improves the production efficiency.

[0031] 2. The survival rate of the seedlings is extremely high: seed propagation is easily affected by environmental factors, and the germination rate is unstable. The present application uses rhizome for breeding, and the seedlings are robust and not limited by the seed germination rate, with a survival rate of 100%, which ensures the success rate of seedling raising.

[0032] 3. The underground rhizome resources are fully utilized: in the traditional harvesting method, the underground rhizome of Rhynchosia volubilis is usually discarded, causing resource waste. The present application successfully uses the underground rhizome as a seedling raising material, optimizes the rhizome treatment and cutting technology, effectively activates the regeneration ability, and makes it become a high-efficiency seedling source, thereby improving the resource utilization rate.

[0033] 4. Maintaining excellent traits and ensuring genetic stability: during seed propagation, the traits of the offspring may vary, affecting product quality. The present patent uses asexual propagation (rhizome cutting), which can directly maintain the excellent traits of the mother plant, avoid genetic variation problems, and ensure the genetic stability of the seedlings. This is particularly suitable for breeding specific excellent lines or high-efficacy varieties, and ensures the consistency and quality of Rhynchosia volubilis in large-scale planting.

[0034] 5. Suitable for large-scale production, improve the industrialization level: rhizome breeding does not require fine management of seed germination conditions, large-scale seedling raising can be carried out in artificial control environment, and the production efficiency is greatly improved. This technology is suitable for modern agriculture, facility agriculture and the like, and is helpful to improve the industrialization level of the rush grass.

[0035] 6. Developed root system, and enhanced transplant survival rate: compared with the problem of weak seedling period of seed breeding, the seedling bred by the method has more developed and robust root system, and has stronger adaptability after transplanting, and the success rate of field planting is significantly improved.

[0036] In summary, the current market patent technology for rush grass seedling raising still mainly relies on seed breeding, and has the problems of long seedling period, unstable seedling quality, high management cost and the like. Meanwhile, the traditional harvesting method only takes the aboveground part, and the utilization rate of underground rhizome is low, which causes resource waste. The method of the present application is based on rhizome cutting propagation, which not only shortens the seedling time and improves the survival rate, but also fully utilizes the underground rhizome resources of rush grass, and realizes a more efficient seedling raising method. More importantly, the specific variety is maintained by vegetative propagation, and the genetic variation problem is avoided, so that the rush grass has higher stability in terms of medicinal components, stress resistance and growth potential. Therefore, the present application has great application value and competitiveness in modern Chinese herbal medicine planting, large-scale seedling raising and industrialization promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into and form a part of the specification, illustrate an embodiment consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a field situation diagram of rush grass after harvesting leaves in example 1 of the present application.

[0040] Figure 2 It is a diagram of underground rhizome and root of rush grass in example 1 of the present application.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a diagram of cutting of rush grass in example 1 of the present application.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a diagram of horizontal placement of rhizome of rush grass in example 1 of the present application.

[0043] Figure 5 Figure for the germination of the rhizome of Desmodium sequax in Example 1 of the present application.

[0044] Figure 6 Figure for the water smothering of the rhizome of Desmodium sequax in Example 1 of the present application.

[0045] Figure 7 Figure for the seedling breeding of the rhizome of Desmodium sequax in Example 1 of the present application.

[0046] Figure 8 Figure for the healthy seedling breeding of the rhizome of Desmodium sequax in Example 1 of the present application.

[0047] Figure 9 Figure for the cutting of the stem of Desmodium sequax with buds.

[0048] Figure 10 Figure for the wilting of the stem of Desmodium sequax with buds after cutting.

[0049] Figure 11 Figure for the seedling breeding of the rhizome of Desmodium sequax with buds.

[0050] Figure 12 Figure for the rhizome pruning of Desmodium sequax (left in the middle) and root retention (right in the middle). Figure 12 Figure 12

[0051] Figure 13 Figure for the seedling breeding of Desmodium sequax in the field.

[0052] Figure 14 Figure for the seedling breeding of Desmodium sequax in the field.

[0053] Figure 15 Figure for the seedling breeding of Desmodium sequax in the field.

[0054] Figure 16 Figure for the seed germination process of Desmodium sequax.

[0055] Figure 17 Figure for the tissue culture of Desmodium sequax. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0057] ​​Unless otherwise specifically indicated, each of the various materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present application are commercially available or can be prepared by known methods.

[0058] The technical solutions provided by the present application are as follows:

[0059] The present application provides a high-efficiency breeding method of Desmodium caudatum based on rhizome cutting, which comprises the following steps:

[0060] (1) selecting underground rhizomes of Desmodium caudatum as breeding materials and performing cutting treatment to obtain cutting shoots of Desmodium caudatum;

[0061] (2) performing cutting and environment management on the cutting shoots of Desmodium caudatum to cultivate seedlings of Desmodium caudatum.

[0062] The present application provides a high-efficiency breeding method of Desmodium caudatum based on rhizome cutting, which realizes a high-efficiency, rapid and stable breeding method of seedlings of Desmodium caudatum, overcomes the problems of long breeding period, low survival rate and complex management in seed breeding, has important industrial popularization value, and can greatly improve the planting efficiency and economic benefits of Desmodium caudatum.

[0063] Compared with the traditional seed breeding method of Desmodium caudatum, the present application has the following remarkable beneficial effects:

[0064] (1) The breeding period is greatly shortened

[0065] The traditional seed breeding period is as long as 5 months, and the present application adopts rhizome cutting, and seedlings can be obtained in 5 days, and the seedlings can reach 5-10 cm in 14 days, greatly improving the breeding efficiency.

[0066] (2) High survival rate of seedlings

[0067] The use of rhizome asexual reproduction avoids the problem of low seed germination rate (germination rate 33%-48.89%), and the survival rate reaches 100%, ensuring the healthy growth of seedlings.

[0068] (3) Developed root system, improving the survival rate of transplanting

[0069] Through optimization of water management and substrate selection, the developed seedlings have developed root systems, strong stress resistance, higher survival rate after transplanting, and stronger adaptability.

[0070] (4) Stable heredity, maintaining the characteristics of excellent varieties

[0071] The use of asexual reproduction can maintain the excellent traits of the mother plant, such as high medicinal ingredients, strong disease resistance and good stress resistance, avoiding the variation of traits in seed breeding.

[0072] (5) Full use of underground rhizome resources, reducing waste

[0073] The traditional collection only utilizes the above-ground part of the plant, while the present technology utilizes the underground rhizome to breed new seedlings, thereby improving resource utilization and reducing agricultural waste.

[0074] (6) Suitable for large-scale production, improving the industrialization level

[0075] The short breeding cycle and high survival rate enable the present technology to be widely promoted in an artificially controlled environment, which is conducive to the modernization and standardization of the development of the plant.

[0076] It should be noted that the component raw materials involved in the efficient breeding method of the plant based on rhizome cutting provided in the embodiments of the present application can be directly used as commercially available products or self-made by using the existing public preparation method, if there is no special limitation or specific description. Meanwhile, the steps and parameters involved can be performed according to the existing public process steps and parameters or directly using the existing equipment according to the instruction manual, if there is no special limitation or specific description, and the present application document will not be described one by one.

[0077] The present application will be further described in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present application and not to limit the scope of the present application. The experimental methods in the following examples without specific conditions are generally determined according to the national standards. If there is no corresponding national standard, the general international standard, conventional conditions, or the conditions suggested by the manufacturer are used.

[0078] Example 1

[0079] The present example provides an efficient breeding method of the plant based on rhizome cutting, which comprises the following steps:

[0080] 1. Cutting material: as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the disease-free root after the harvest of the plant is taken;

[0081] 2. Cutting treatment: as shown in Figure 3 , the root stem with buds and roots is selected, the root stem is cut to about 4-6 cm, and the root is trimmed to about 1.5-2 cm as a cutting;

[0082] 3. Cutting and management: as shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, pure grass carbon soil is used as the substrate, a flowerpot with a size of 7 cm*7 cm*8 cm is used as the seedling pot, the rhizome cutting is laid horizontally on the substrate, and 1 cm to 2 cm of soil is covered on the rhizome cutting; the flowerpot is placed on the water tray with water about 4 cm deep, and the water is added to 4 cm when the water is seen to the bottom, and the process is repeated until the water is seen to be dry; the flowerpot is covered with a cover for moisture retention, and a gap is left for ventilation; the culture environment is 25°C, 18 hours of light + 6 hours of darkness, and the light intensity is 8000 Lu during the light period. Under the above conditions, the seedlings of the 5-day-old Xianhuangcao are obtained, and the seedlings of the 14-day-old Xianhuangcao are 5 cm to 10 cm high with developed and robust root systems.

[0083] Test Example 1

[0084] Based on the above Example 1, the experimental parameters in the rhizome cutting-based Xianhuangcao efficient breeding method provided by the application are screened and evaluated.

[0085] (1) Cutting material: rhizome with buds and stem with buds

[0086] The seedling breeding of Xianhuangcao using the above two materials is investigated, and the results show that the survival rate of the cutting of the aboveground stem with buds is low, 0%, and the survival rate of the cutting of the underground rhizome is 100%; as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11

[0087] (2) Treatment of cutting: root pruning and root retention

[0088] The seedling breeding of Xianhuangcao under the two treatments of root pruning and root retention of the underground rhizome is investigated, and the results show that the survival rate of the cutting of the rhizome after 2 weeks of root pruning is 70%, and the survival rate of the cutting of the rhizome after 2 weeks of root retention is 50%; as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. Figure 12

[0089] (3) Culture temperature: 25°C and 15°C

[0090] The seedling breeding of Xianhuangcao under the two culture conditions A: 25°C, 18 hours of light + 6 hours of darkness, and light intensity of 8000 Lu during the light period; and B: 15°C, 18 hours of light + 6 hours of darkness, and light intensity of 8000 Lu during the light period is investigated, and the results show that the rhizome of Xianhuangcao grows rapidly under the condition of 25°C, and the seedlings of Xianhuangcao are obtained in 5 days, and the seedlings of Xianhuangcao are 5 cm to 10 cm high with developed and robust root systems after 14 days. The seedlings of Xianhuangcao are obtained in 16 days under the condition of 15°C, and the seedlings of Xianhuangcao are 5 cm to 10 cm high after 49 days.

[0091] Test Example 2

[0092] ​​On the basis of example 1, this example compares the rhizome cutting-based efficient breeding method of Desmodium sequax provided by the application with other methods for breeding Desmodium sequax seedlings. The seed sowing technology commonly used in field production and the rhizome seedling breeding technology of the present technology are compared and investigated. The seed seedling breeding speed is slow.

[0093] 1) Seed seedling breeding in field production: seed sowing is carried out in late November to late December in field production, the seed is mixed with wood ash and then is scattered on the surface, the ditch is flooded, the surface is wet but not waterlogged, an arched cover is set up with a transparent film, the film is removed at above 20 DEG C, and the seedlings are about 15 cm high in mid-to-late April. The seedling period is long (5 months), as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Figure 13 and Figure 14

[0094] 2) Desmodium sequax seedling breeding by rhizome using the present technology: the seedling rate is as high as 100% and the growth is rapid, and the Desmodium sequax seedlings are 5 cm to 10 cm high with developed and strong root system in 14 days, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Figure 15

[0095] 3) Seed tissue culture breeding: the Desmodium sequax seed is very small, about 400-600 um long, the seed is sowed on MS culture medium, germination starts at the 7th day, cotyledon starts to unfold at the 15th day, the seedling is weak and grows slowly, and is about 1.5 cm to 3 cm high after 1 month, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Figure 16 and Figure 17

[0096] In summary, the example provided by the present application is a rhizome cutting-based efficient breeding method of Desmodium sequax, the present application realizes efficient, rapid and stable Desmodium sequax seedling breeding mode, overcomes the problems of long period, low survival rate and complex management in seed propagation, and has important industrial popularization value, and can greatly improve the planting efficiency and economic benefit of Desmodium sequax.

[0097] Various embodiments of the present application can exist in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is merely for the convenience and brevity, and should not be understood as a hard limitation on the scope of the present application; therefore, it should be considered that all possible sub-ranges and single values within the range have been specifically disclosed. For example, it should be considered that the range description from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., and single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated in this text, it means that any cited number (fraction or integer) within the indicated range is included.

[0098] ​​​The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the application. Numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Therefore, the scope of the application is indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalents are intended to be embraced therein.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency breeding method of Eupatorium Fortunei based on rhizome cutting, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting underground rhizome of Desmodium caudatum as breeding material and performing cutting treatment to obtain cutting of Desmodium caudatum; the cutting treatment comprises the following process: selecting rhizome with buds and root system, cutting to a length of 4-6 cm, reserving a root part of 1.5-2 cm, and using the rhizome as cutting; (2) performing cutting and environment management on the cutting of Desmodium caudatum to cultivate seedling of Desmodium caudatum; the cutting and environment management steps comprise: (2-1) preparing a seedling substrate; (2-2) placing the rhizome cutting horizontally on the surface of the seedling substrate and covering the seedling substrate with a thickness of 1-2 cm; the seedling substrate is pure grass charcoal soil; (2-3) after sufficient watering and rooting, placing the seedling container in a water tray, maintaining the water depth of the tray at 4 cm, and again supplementing water to 4 cm when the water evaporates to the bottom, to form a dry-wet cycle; (2-4) covering the seedling container with a transparent cover, and reserving a ventilation gap between the cover and the container; (2-5) placing the seedling system in an environment with a temperature of 25 DEG C, 18 hours of light per day, 6 hours of darkness, and a light intensity of 8000 Lux for cultivation.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of selecting underground rhizome of Desmodium caudatum as breeding material comprises: After harvesting Desmodium caudatum, selecting healthy underground rhizome free of diseases and insect pests for cutting preparation.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, Bud sprouting of the cutting can be observed within 5 days after cutting, and healthy seedling of Desmodium caudatum with a plant height of 5-10 cm and developed root system is obtained within 14 days.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The water depth fluctuation in the tray is controlled within a range of 4±0.5 cm.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The survival rate of rhizome cutting is 100%.

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