Multi-station synchronous rotary feeding electrolytic machining device and method for centripetal component

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-station synchronous rotary feeding electrolytic machining device and method for a centripetal component, and belongs to the field of electrolytic machining. The multi-station synchronous rotary feeding electrolytic machining device comprises the centripetal component, a mounting seat, a multi-station synchronous linear feeding device and a multi-station synchronous rotating device. Wherein the multi-station synchronous linear feeding device comprises a plurality of groups of tool cathode modules which are connected with the prismoid traction block. And the prismatic table traction block is pushed by the main shaft to realize the radial feeding motion of the tool cathode. The multi-station synchronous rotating device comprises a plurality of rotating supporting seats, a plurality of sets of spiral ball guide grooves are evenly distributed in the inner walls of the supporting seats, a plurality of sets of balls are embedded in the outer wall of the tool cathode rod, the balls are driven by a prismoid traction block to rotate along the spiral ball guide grooves, and rotating motion of the tool cathode is achieved. According to the device, synchronous linear and rotary composite feeding movement of the cathode of the multi-station tool can be completed, and the machining efficiency can be improved. The tool cathode can be replaced according to different centripetal structures, electrolytic machining of centripetal components of different structures is achieved, and the technology adaptability is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotation feeding electrolytic machining device and method, belonging to the field of electrolytic machining. Background Art

[0002] Electrolytic machining is a process for removing materials based on the principle of electrochemical anodic dissolution. Due to its characteristics of no tool loss, no restrictions on material machining performance, good machining quality, and high machining efficiency, electrolytic machining is widely used in the fields of aviation, aerospace, weapons, etc. Especially in the processing and manufacturing of integral components of aircraft engines, electrolytic machining has become one of the mainstream processing technologies for the processing and manufacturing of integral components.

[0003] As the core component of the compressor of aviation / aerospace engine, the centripetal component has the characteristics of dense features, narrow channels, poor structural openness and difficult material processing. Its processing quality directly affects the service life and performance of the compressor. In China, most of the centripetal components are developed by milling, but it can only realize the manufacturing of fan segments and cannot realize the processing of complete parts; a small number of centripetal components are developed by electrolytic processing in China, using a single electrode processing mode, and can only complete the processing of equal cross-sectional structural features, which has problems such as serious tool loss, low processing efficiency, and limited processing objects.

[0004] In the patent "A rotary forming tool and electrolytic forming method for electrolytic forming of an integral blade disk" (application number CN201911052748.5, applicant China Aviation Industry Corporation Shenyang Liming Aero Engine Co., Ltd., inventors Zheng Xin, Liu Haibo, Huan Heng, Chen Dong), the designed tool is used to perform rotary forming processing on the variable curved blades of the integral blade disk, and the processed blades have uniform margins and high precision. In the patent "Device and method for electrolytic processing of inward blades of multi-stage rectifier stators" (application number CN201911298730.3, applicant Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, inventors Zhu Dong, Zhang Chao, and Zhu Di), a modular tool cathode design method is proposed, which can quickly disassemble and replace the cathode module on the liquid inlet connector to achieve sleeve electrolytic processing of multi-stage inward blades of the rectifier stator. In the patent "A method and electrolytic tool for integrated electrolytic machining of an integral blade disk" (application number 201911225268.4, applicant Hefei University of Technology, inventors Zhang Juchen, Li Xinglin, Chen Yuanlong, Zhang Bin), a curved cathode multi-axis linkage is proposed to realize the integrated electrolytic machining tool of the blade basin, blade back and hub of the complex surface integral blade disk, and obtain an integral blade disk workpiece with a complex twisted shape. The above patents are all about the research on electrolytic machining on the integral components of aircraft engines, but there are certain limitations in improving machining efficiency. A single feed can only complete the machining of a single blade, and it is impossible to achieve synchronous machining of multiple blades.

[0005] In the patent "Multi-stage blade disk multi-blade sleeve electrolytic processing mechanism and method" (application number CN202310427704.6 applicant Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics inventor Zhu Dong Wang Penghui Zhu Di Liu Jia), a multi-stage blade disk multi-blade sleeve electrolytic processing mechanism and method are proposed. The cathode part of each level of the tool is fed centripetally, which improves the processing efficiency of the multi-stage blade disk sleeve electrolytic processing. At present, there are many types of centripetal components on aero-engines. Usually, a single centripetal component contains dozens or even hundreds of structural features, and the processing efficiency of a single structure is low; the current multi-station processing device can only achieve single-direction feeding, which is difficult to process the processing requirements of complex rotating structures; in addition, the structure of the centripetal component is special and the internal space is narrow. The design of the multi-station synchronous processing device is difficult, and the versatility and flexibility are not strong, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of radial synchronous processing of multiple blades. Therefore, the present invention proposes a multi-station synchronous rotation feeding electrolytic processing device and method for centripetal components. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotation feed electrolytic machining device and method to adapt to centripetal components with different structural characteristics, realize centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotation feed electrolytic machining, and improve the electrolytic machining efficiency and stability of the centripetal components.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: The present invention provides a multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device for a centripetal component, which is composed of a centripetal component, a mounting seat, a multi-station synchronous linear feed device and a multi-station synchronous rotary device; the centripetal component is composed of a centripetal wheel disk and a plurality of centripetal structures uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the disk; the mounting seat comprises a workpiece mounting disk and a tool mounting disk; the workpiece mounting disk is a hollow structure, which is divided into an upper and lower mounting surface, the upper mounting surface is used to mount the centripetal component, and the lower mounting surface is connected to the machine tool turntable so that the workpiece mounting disk can rotate with the machine tool turntable; the tool mounting disk is installed in the workpiece mounting disk cavity through a circular slide groove structure, and the tool mounting disk is fixedly connected to the auxiliary fixing rod through two groups of clamping bolts; the multi-station synchronous linear feed device comprises a prism traction block and N groups of tool cathode modules; wherein the prism traction block is a regular multi-prism structure, including N side edges and N side faces, and the transverse The cross section becomes smaller and smaller from top to bottom; the upper end of the prism traction block is used to connect with the main shaft of the machine tool; each side edge of the prism traction block is installed with a set of linear guide rails, and the linear guide rails are installed with an inclined surface installation slider with the same inclination angle as the prism traction block; wherein N groups of tool cathode modules are evenly distributed on the inner side of the centripetal component along the circumferential direction, and are all composed of a tool cathode rod and a tool cathode; the tool cathode rod is connected to the inclined surface installation slider through a lead plate; a rotating pair is provided between the lead plate and the inclined surface installation slider; the above-mentioned multi-station synchronous rotation device includes N rotating support seats corresponding to the tool cathode modules; the bottom of the rotating support seat is fixed on the tool mounting plate, and the upper part of the rotating support seat is a hollow structure for supporting the tool cathode module; multiple groups of balls are embedded in the outer wall of the above-mentioned tool cathode rod, and multiple groups of spiral ball guide grooves matching therewith are evenly distributed on the hollow inner wall of the above-mentioned rotating support seat; the outer end of the above-mentioned rotating support seat is provided with a contoured insulating cover; The centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device is characterized in that: the side wall of the workpiece mounting disk is a partially hollow structure; the tool mounting disk is connected to the machine tool auxiliary base through an auxiliary fixing rod; one end of the auxiliary fixing rod is fixed to the machine tool auxiliary base, and the other end passes through the hollow structure of the side wall of the workpiece mounting disk and is connected to the tool mounting disk; the upper surface of the tool mounting disk is clamped to the workpiece mounting disk by two sets of clamping bolts, thereby limiting the freedom of the tool mounting disk in the vertical direction.

[0008] The centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device is characterized in that an electrolyte supply channel is provided inside the tool cathode rod to supply electrolyte to the tool cathode machining area.

[0009] The centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device is characterized in that: the radius of the ball positioning groove on the outer wall of the tool cathode rod and the radius of the spiral ball guide groove of the rotary support seat are equal to the radius of the ball; wherein the trajectory of the spiral ball guide groove can be simplified as a cylindrical spiral line model, and the spiral line length s is calculated according to the tool cathode rotation angle α and the tool cathode feed distance ΔL:

[0010] Where D is the diameter of the hollow inner wall of the rotating support seat; the actual length S of the spiral ball guide groove is greater than the length s of the spiral line.

[0011] The centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device is characterized in that a special-shaped groove is provided on the top of the rotary support seat to prevent the liquid supply pipeline from colliding with the rotary support seat when the tool cathode module is rotated and fed.

[0012] The centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotation feed electrolytic machining device is characterized in that the tool cathode module is a replaceable structure, and centripetal components with different centripetal structures can be machined.

[0013] The present invention also provides a multi-station rotary electrolytic machining method for a multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device for a centripetal component, which is characterized in that: before machining begins, the inclined surface mounting slide block is located near the tip of the prism traction block, and the end face of each tool cathode maintains an initial machining gap with the machining surface of the centripetal component; after machining begins, the machine tool spindle drives the prism traction block to move downward; the inclined surface mounting slide block slides upward relative to the linear guide rail, converting the axial force of the prism traction block into a radial force, which is applied to the tool cathode module; the tool cathode rod is subjected to the radial force Downward, the ball is driven to rotate along the spiral ball guide groove trajectory of the inner wall of the rotating support seat, so as to realize the synchronous rotation feed movement of the tool cathodes of multiple stations; after the processing is completed, the machine tool spindle drives the prism traction block to move upward, and driven by the inclined surface mounting slide and the rotating support seat, the tool cathode module returns to the initial processing position along the original feed trajectory; the position of the tool mounting plate remains unchanged, the two sets of clamping bolts are loosened, the workpiece mounting plate is rotated, and the centripetal component is driven to the next station, and the other components are all stationary; repeat the above steps to process the next set of centripetal structural features.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The present invention designs a multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device for centripetal components to realize multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining of centripetal components. The prism traction block moves axially under the pressure of the machine tool spindle. As the cross-sectional area increases, the combination of the inclined surface mounted slider and the linear guide rail converts the axial movement of the prism traction block into the radial movement of the tool cathode module. Compared with the single-electrode machining mode, the device can synchronously complete the radial feeding of the multi-station tool electrodes, greatly improving the machining efficiency of the centripetal components.

[0015] (2) The present invention designs a multi-station synchronous rotation device that can synchronously complete the linear and rotary composite feed motion of the tool cathode. The tool cathode rod and the rotary support seat are matched through ball rotation. Under the push of the prism traction block, the ball rotates along the spiral ball guide groove to realize the rotary feed motion of the tool cathode. Compared with the traditional device that can only realize the processing of multi-station equal-section centripetal components, this device can realize the radial rotation motion of multi-path tool cathodes and process centripetal components with spatial distortion characteristics.

[0016] (3) The multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrochemical machining device designed in the present invention can realize the synchronous rotary feed movement of multiple tool cathodes through single-axis input, which greatly simplifies the design process of multi-station electrochemical machining machine tools; by replacing the tool cathode and some components, the flexible processing of centripetal structural features such as centripetal blades, blade cascade channels and casing slots can be achieved, and the device has good process adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device - initial machining position; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device for a centripetal component - during machining; Figure 3 A top view of a multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device for a centripetal component - initial machining position; Figure 4 A top view of a multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device for a centripetal component - during machining; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the inclined surface installation slider; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the rotating support seat; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the replacement of the centripetal member and the tool cathode; The names of the numbers in the figure are: Ⅰ. Centripetal member; Ⅱ. Multi-station synchronous linear feed device; Ⅲ. Multi-station synchronous rotation device; Ⅳ. Mounting seat; Ⅱ-1. Prism traction block; Ⅱ-2. Linear guide rail; Ⅱ-3. Inclined mounting slide block; Ⅱ-4. Lead-in plate; Ⅱ-5. Tool cathode rod; Ⅱ-6. Tool cathode; Ⅲ-1. Rotating support seat; Ⅲ-2. Contoured insulating cover; Ⅲ-3. Ball; Ⅲ-4. Spiral ball guide groove; Ⅳ-1. Auxiliary fixing rod; Ⅳ-2. Tool mounting plate; Ⅳ-3. Workpiece mounting plate; Ⅳ-4. Holding bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The process of realizing multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining of a centripetal component according to the present invention requires the following steps.

[0019] Step 1: Install the centripetal component I blank on the workpiece mounting plate IV-3, and the workpiece mounting plate IV-3 is connected to the positive pole of the power supply; Step 2: Connect the liquid supply pipeline and the lead copper bar of each branch to the tool cathode rod Ⅱ-5 and the lead plate Ⅱ-4 respectively; Step 3: Adjust the spindle feed displacement and push the prism traction block II-1 so that the end face of the tool cathode II-6 and the machining surface of the centripetal component I maintain the initial machining gap; Step 4: Start the electrolyte circulation system and introduce electrolyte into the processing area; Step 5: Start the power supply and energize the tool cathode II-6 and the centripetal member I; Step 6: Start the electrolytic machining CNC machine tool and read the feed program. At this time, the prism traction block II-1 moves axially downward, and the cathode II-6 of each branch tool is pushed radially outward to make a rotational feed motion under the action of the inclined surface mounting slide block II-3, and the electrolytic machining starts; Step 7: After processing a set of centripetal structural features, stop the power supply and electrolyte circulation system. Pull up the prism traction block Ⅱ-1 to make the cathode Ⅱ-6 of each branch tool return to the initial processing position along the feed path; Step 8: Rotate the workpiece mounting plate IV-3 to enter the next station, and the other components remain stationary. Repeat steps 4 to 8 until all the processing of the centripetal component I is completed; Step 8: After processing is completed, turn off the power supply and electrolyte circulation system.

Claims

1. A centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device, characterized in that: It is composed of a centripetal member (Ⅰ), a mounting seat (Ⅳ), a multi-station synchronous linear feeding device (Ⅱ) and a multi-station synchronous rotating device (Ⅲ); The centripetal member (I) is composed of a centripetal wheel and a plurality of centripetal structures uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the wheel; The mounting seat (IV) comprises a workpiece mounting plate (IV-3) and a tool mounting plate (IV-2); the workpiece mounting plate (IV-3) is a hollow structure, and is divided into an upper and lower mounting surface, the upper mounting surface is used to mount the centripetal component (I), and the lower mounting surface is connected to the machine tool turntable so that the workpiece mounting plate (IV-3) can rotate with the machine tool turntable; the tool mounting plate (IV-2) is mounted in the cavity of the workpiece mounting plate (IV-3) through a circular slide groove structure, and the tool mounting plate (IV-2) is fixedly connected to the auxiliary fixing rod (IV-1) through two sets of clamping bolts (IV-4); The multi-station synchronous linear feed device (II) comprises a prism traction block (II-1) and N sets of tool cathode modules; wherein the prism traction block (II-1) is a regular multi-prism structure, comprising N side edges and N side faces, and the cross section of the prism traction block (II-1) becomes smaller and smaller from top to bottom; the upper end of the prism traction block (II-1) is used to be connected to the main shaft of the machine tool; each side edge of the prism traction block (II-1) is installed with a set of linear guide rails (II-2), and the linear guide rails (II-2) are installed with an inclined surface mounting slide block (II-3) with the same inclination angle as that of the prism traction block; wherein the N sets of tool cathode modules are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the centripetal component along the circumferential direction, and are all composed of a tool cathode rod (II-5) and a tool cathode (II-6); the tool cathode rod (II-5) is connected to the corresponding inclined surface mounting slide block (II-3) through an electric lead plate (II-4); a rotating pair is provided between the electric lead plate (II-4) and the inclined surface mounting slide block (II-3); The multi-station synchronous rotation device (III) comprises N rotating support seats (III-1) corresponding to the tool cathode modules; the rotating support seat (III-1) is a hollow structure used to support the tool cathode module, and its bottom is fixed on the tool mounting plate (IV-2); The outer wall of the tool cathode rod (Ⅱ-5) is embedded with multiple groups of balls (Ⅲ-3), and the hollow inner wall of the rotating support seat (Ⅲ-1) is evenly distributed with multiple groups of spiral ball guide grooves (Ⅲ-4) that match it; the outer end of the rotating support seat (Ⅲ-1) is equipped with a contoured insulating cover (Ⅲ-2).

2. The centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall surface of the workpiece mounting plate (Ⅳ-3) is a partially hollow structure; The tool mounting plate (IV-2) is connected to the auxiliary base of the machine tool via an auxiliary fixing rod; one end of the auxiliary fixing rod (IV-1) is fixed to the auxiliary base of the machine tool, and the other end passes through the hollow structure of the side wall of the workpiece mounting plate (IV-3) and is connected to the tool mounting plate (IV-2); The upper surface of the tool mounting plate (Ⅳ-2) is clamped to the workpiece mounting plate (Ⅳ-3) by two sets of clamping bolts (Ⅳ-4), thereby limiting the freedom of the tool mounting plate (Ⅳ-2) in the vertical direction.

3. The centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool cathode rod (II-5) is internally provided with an electrolyte supply channel for supplying electrolyte to the processing area of ​​the tool cathode (II-6).

4. The centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the positioning groove on the outer wall of the tool cathode rod (Ⅱ-5) for mounting the ball (Ⅲ-3) and the radius of the spiral ball guide groove (Ⅲ-4) of the rotating support seat (Ⅲ-1) are equal to the radius of the ball; wherein the trajectory of the spiral ball guide groove (Ⅲ-4) can be simplified into a cylindrical spiral line model, and the spiral line length s is calculated according to the tool cathode rotation angle α and the tool cathode feed distance ΔL: Wherein, D is the diameter of the hollow inner wall of the rotating support seat (III-1); The actual length S of the above-mentioned spiral ball guide groove (III-4) is greater than the length s of the spiral line.

5. The centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A special-shaped groove is provided on the top of the rotating support seat (III-1) to prevent the liquid supply pipeline from colliding with the rotating support seat (III-1) when the tool cathode module is rotating and feeding.

6. The centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode module of the tool is a replaceable structure, and can be used to process centripetal components with different centripetal structures.

7. A multi-station rotary electrolytic machining method using the centripetal component multi-station synchronous rotary feed electrolytic machining device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Before the machining begins, the inclined surface mounting slide block (II-3) is located near the tip of the prism traction block (II-1), and the end face of each tool cathode (II-6) maintains an initial machining gap with the machining surface of the centripetal member (I); After the processing starts, the machine tool spindle drives the prism traction block (Ⅱ-1) to move downward; the inclined surface mounting slide block (Ⅱ-3) slides upward relative to the linear guide rail (Ⅱ-2), converting the axial force of the prism traction block (Ⅱ-1) into a radial force, which is applied to the tool cathode module; Under radial force, the tool cathode rod (Ⅱ-5) drives the ball (Ⅲ-3) to rotate along the trajectory of the spiral ball guide groove (Ⅲ-4) on the inner wall of the rotating support seat (Ⅲ-1), thereby realizing the synchronous rotation feeding movement of the tool cathodes (Ⅱ-6) at multiple workstations; After the processing is completed, the machine tool spindle drives the prism traction block (Ⅱ-1) to move upward, and driven by the inclined surface mounting slide block (Ⅱ-3) and the rotating support seat (Ⅲ-1), the tool cathode module returns to the initial processing position along the feed trajectory; The position of the tool mounting plate (Ⅳ-2) remains unchanged, the two sets of clamping bolts (Ⅳ-4) are loosened, and the workpiece mounting plate (Ⅳ-3) is rotated to drive the centripetal component (Ⅰ) to the next station, while the other components remain stationary; repeat the above steps to process the next set of centripetal structural features.

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