Integrated intelligent milling cutter system integrating cutter vibration and force signal

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated intelligent milling cutter system integrating cutter vibration and force signals. According to the method, vibration sensors are symmetrically installed on the two sides of the head end of a cutter handle, PVDF force sensors are pasted on the surface of a cutter bar in the circumferential direction in a surrounding mode, and the intelligent milling cutter can monitor and read cutter vibration and cutting force signals in the milling process in real time; the obtained cutter vibration and cutting force signal data are processed by the microcontroller and then wirelessly transmitted to upper computer software to be displayed, stored and analyzed. Meanwhile, an independent power supply part capable of storing a high-capacity battery pack is designed, so that the long-time working endurance of the integrated intelligent milling cutter system is ensured, and the working downtime is reduced to the minimum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent milling cutters for mechanical processing, and in particular to an integrated intelligent milling cutter system that integrates tool vibration and force signals. Background Art

[0002] As a widely used rotary tool in the manufacturing industry, milling cutters are crucial in milling processing. A large number of high-precision, high-quality key components rely on milling technology. During the milling process, the milling cutter rubs and collides with the workpiece at high speed and high frequency, resulting in frequent tool wear problems, and the processing accuracy will continue to decrease with the increase in use time. If the parameters such as cutting speed, cutting depth, and spindle speed are set improperly, it will not only reduce the processing efficiency and shorten the tool life, but may also cause tool breakage and increased vibration. In extreme cases, it may even cause chipping and tool jamming, which will have a negative impact on the surface quality of the workpiece, reduce the stability of the machine tool, and damage the machine tool spindle, ultimately causing a sharp increase in processing costs and forced interruption of production activities. In view of this, it is imperative to improve the intelligence level of milling cutters, which can achieve accurate perception and intelligent control of the processing process, effectively improve processing accuracy and efficiency, reduce scrap rate, cut costs, and effectively promote the development of processing technology in the direction of intelligence, thereby greatly improving the overall level of industry.

[0003] With the in-depth exploration of intelligent tool research, intelligent tools developed by combining sensors, data acquisition, signal processing, computers and other technologies can monitor the cutting process more comprehensively, meticulously and timely, and then reflect the processing status. They can use machine learning and other methods to identify the features of the collected signals, and then judge the tool wear and remaining tool life.

[0004] At the same time, applying technologies such as sensors, data acquisition, signal processing, and computers to milling processing can monitor various abnormal situations and achieve timely control. However, most of the existing intelligent milling cutters only focus on the application of a single sensor, that is, only a single parameter is collected, processed, and analyzed. Although related research is relatively mature, the processing state reflected by a single signal has certain limitations, which can easily lead to misjudgment of state monitoring. The integrated intelligent milling cutter with integrated multiple sensors can use multi-dimensional signals to more accurately monitor and reflect the cutting state.

[0005] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an integrated intelligent milling cutter system that integrates tool vibration and force signals. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated intelligent milling cutter system that integrates tool vibration and force signals to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of the present invention is as follows: an integrated intelligent milling cutter system that integrates tool vibration and force signals, including a cutter head, a tool rod, a housing, a clamping part, two vibration sensors, several PVDF force sensors and a signal processing circuit board.

[0008] The clamping part includes a tool bar connection part, a flange and a tapered handle in sequence from the head end to the tail end. The tool bar connection part includes a cylindrical section I, a cylindrical section II and a cylindrical section III in sequence. Vibration sensor installation grooves are provided on the side walls of both sides of the cylindrical section I. The vibration sensor is accommodated in the vibration sensor installation groove. Key grooves are provided on both sides of the flange. The clamping part is provided with a tool handle through hole along the axial direction.

[0009] The head end of the knife rod is connected with a knife head, and the tail end extends into the head end of the knife handle through hole. A plurality of PVDF force sensors are attached to the shank of the knife rod in a circumferential direction.

[0010] The shell is sleeved on the periphery of the shank and the clamping part. The shell is a stepped rotary shell with upper and lower ends open. The shell includes a small diameter section and a large diameter section. The small diameter section covers the PVDF force sensor. The large diameter section covers the shank connecting part. The lower end opening of the shell is closed by a flange, and a shell rubber sealing ring is arranged in the gap between the upper end opening and the shank. The large diameter section and cylindrical section I enclose a circuit board accommodating space. The large diameter section and cylindrical section II enclose a circuit board base accommodating space. The large diameter section and cylindrical section III enclose a battery compartment accommodating space.

[0011] A circuit board base is arranged in the circuit board base accommodating space. A heat-mount flange is arranged on the lower surface of the circuit board base, and a hexagonal copper column is arranged on the upper surface. The circuit board base is fixedly mounted on the heat-mount flange using circuit board base fixing screws. A battery compartment is arranged in the battery compartment accommodating space. A plurality of lithium batteries are arranged in the battery compartment. The top of the battery compartment is fixed to the heat-mount flange. A signal processing circuit board is arranged in the circuit board accommodating space. The signal processing circuit board is mounted and fixed on the hexagonal copper column using circuit board fixing screws. The lithium battery, vibration sensor and PVDF force sensor are all connected to the signal processing circuit board.

[0012] During the cutting process, the cutter head deforms under the action of the cutting force and generates corresponding strain. The strain is transmitted to the PVDF force sensor through the cutter bar. The charge signal generated by the PVDF force sensor is transmitted to the signal processing circuit board. The vibration sensor senses the acceleration change caused by the vibration of the milling cutter and transmits the voltage signal to the signal processing circuit board. The signal processing circuit board encodes the sensor signal and transmits it to the host computer.

[0013] Furthermore, three vibration sensor fixing threaded holes are drilled at the bottom of the vibration sensor installation groove. The vibration sensor is fixedly connected to the clamping part by vibration sensor fixing screws.

[0014] Furthermore, the signal processing circuit board includes a wireless transmission module, a control module, a power supply module, a signal preprocessing module and an analog-to-digital conversion module. The entire hardware circuit is powered by a lithium battery. The charging circuit of the power supply module is used to charge the lithium battery, and the DC-DC voltage regulator circuit provides the corresponding stable voltage for the circuit components. The signal preprocessing module performs signal conditioning on the analog signal output by the sensor, and uses the AD converter inside the main microcontroller chip to convert the analog signal into a digital signal. The wireless transmission module is used to wirelessly transmit data to the PC host software.

[0015] Furthermore, holes are reserved on the side wall of the housing to accommodate the installation of a magnetic charging head and a switch button. A charging interface slot is provided in the circuit board accommodation space. The magnetic charging head and the switch button are both connected to a signal processing circuit board.

[0016] Furthermore, six circumferential threaded holes are drilled on the side wall of the cylindrical section III. The housing is fixed to the clamping part by screws.

[0017] Furthermore, the clamping part uses a non-standard BT50 tool handle. The taper of the taper handle is 7:24.

[0018] Furthermore, the battery compartment as a whole is a hollow cylindrical structure. The inner cavity of the battery compartment is marked as the middle through hole of the battery compartment. The upper and lower ends of the battery compartment are open and extend outward to form the battery compartment top and the battery compartment bottom. Battery compartment ribs are evenly spaced on the side walls of the battery compartment. The battery compartment top, the battery compartment bottom, the battery compartment ribs and the battery compartment together enclose a plurality of independent battery accommodating cavities. The battery compartment top is provided with an opening at a position corresponding to the battery accommodating cavity. The lithium battery slides into the battery accommodating cavity through the opening.

[0019] The technical effect of the present invention is unquestionable: under the premise of changing the original structure to a small extent, combined with the signal acquisition and processing circuit of the vibration sensor, force sensor, and integrated WIFI wireless transmission module, the tool vibration and cutting force in the milling process can be measured in real time and uploaded to the host computer. The intelligent milling cutter can guide the actual processing and the implementation method is simple and convenient, which plays an important role in improving the cutting conditions and replacing the cutter in time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intelligent milling cutter;

[0021] Figure 2 Axonometric drawing of the intelligent milling cutter clamping part;

[0022] Figure 3 This is the overall cross-section diagram of the intelligent milling cutter;

[0023] Figure 4 This is the overall exploded view of the intelligent milling cutter;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration sensor installation;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the PVDF force sensor;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the battery compartment and battery installation;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a signal processing circuit board;

[0028] Fig. 9 It is the online monitoring interface of the host computer software;

[0029] Fig.10 It is the offline analysis interface of the host computer software;

[0030] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the intelligent milling cutter system monitoring tool vibration and force signals in real time.

[0031] In the figure: tool head 1, tool rod 2, housing 3, clamping part 4, tool rod connecting part 401, flange 402, tapered shank 403, keyway 404, circumferential threaded hole 405, vibration sensor mounting groove 406, vibration sensor fixing threaded hole 407, tool handle through hole 408, housing screw 5, magnetic charging head 6, switch button 7, housing rubber sealing ring 8, PVDF force sensor 9, charging interface card slot 10, charging wiring port 11, switch wiring port 12, vibration sensor 13, wireless transmission module 14, signal processing circuit board 15, hexagonal copper column 16, circuit board base 17, thermal mounting flange 18, lithium battery 19, battery compartment 20, circuit board base fixing screw 21, circuit board fixing screw 22, housing inner groove 23, tool rod through hole 24, tool head mounting threaded hole 25, tool rod groove 26. Wiring terminal 27. Wiring groove of circuit board base 28. Vibration sensor fixing screw 29. SMD resistor 30. LED 31. SMD capacitor 32. Battery compartment rib 33. Battery compartment bottom 34. Battery compartment top 35. Battery compartment middle through hole 36. Control module 37. Wireless transmission module installation socket 38. Circuit board installation positioning hole 39. Power supply module 40. Signal preprocessing module 41. Analog-to-digital conversion module 42. Collection data saving path selection and naming setting 43. Alarm threshold setting 44. Network connection setting 45. Collection setting 46. Collection start and end buttons 47. "Wear prediction" and "Feature monitoring" interface 48. "Time domain waveform" and "Frequency domain spectrum" interface 49. Loading file path and parameter setting 50. Model training setting 51. Operation log interface 52. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but it should not be understood that the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Without departing from the above technical ideas of the present invention, various substitutions and changes are made according to the common technical knowledge and customary means in the art, which should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] During the milling process, the milling cutter will face huge and high-frequency cutting forces, and high-speed friction will generate a lot of heat. These factors will cause the surface of the milling cutter head to wear or even break after a certain period of processing or a certain number of processing.

[0035] See also Figure 1 to Figure 7 This embodiment provides an integrated intelligent milling cutter system that integrates tool vibration and force signals, including a cutter head 1, a tool rod 2, a housing 3, a clamping part 4, two vibration sensors 13, a PVDF force sensor 9 and a signal processing circuit board 15.

[0036] The clamping part 4 includes a tool bar connection part 401, a flange 402 and a tapered handle 403 from the head end to the tail end. The tool bar connection part 401 includes a cylindrical section I, a cylindrical section II and a cylindrical section III in sequence. Vibration sensor mounting grooves 406 are provided on the side walls of the cylindrical section I. The vibration sensor 13 is accommodated in the vibration sensor mounting groove 406. Key grooves 404 are provided on both sides of the flange 402. The clamping part 4 is axially provided with a tool handle through hole 408. In this way, it can ensure that the vibration sensor works stably with the tool handle and reliably collect vibration signals, providing strong support for the subsequent vibration analysis during the processing process. The clamping part 4 is axially provided with a tool handle through hole 408.

[0037] The front end of the tool bar 2 is connected to the tool head 1, and the rear end extends into the front end of the tool handle through hole 408. Several PVDF force sensors 9 are pasted around the circumference of the upper shaft of the tool bar 2. PVDF is a piezoelectric film material with a positive piezoelectric effect. In actual applications, the thickness of the PVDF force sensor 9 pasted on the surface of the tool bar 2 is extremely small. When it is subjected to external force, its internal molecular structure will undergo polarization, causing electric charge to be generated on the surface of the material. In this process, after the strain generated by the tool head 1 is transmitted to the PVDF force sensor 9, the PVDF film will generate an electric charge due to the positive piezoelectric effect. The generated charge signal enters the signal processing module 41 through the signal line. The signal preprocessing module 41 will perform a series of processing operations on the charge signal, including signal amplification, filtering, conversion, etc., and finally convert the charge signal into a voltage signal. Through the relationship between the strain and the output voltage established in advance, the voltage signal can be used to infer the magnitude of the cutting force. Since the cutting force is usually a spatial vector with components in three directions, the total cutting force signal can be decomposed into forces in three mutually perpendicular directions, that is, the magnitude of the three-way force. Therefore, the magnitude of the cutting force in different directions during the cutting process can be accurately grasped, providing strong data support for subsequent machining process analysis and optimization.

[0038] The shell 3 is sleeved on the periphery of the shank 2 and the clamping part 4. The shell 3 is a stepped rotary shell with upper and lower ends open. The shell 3 includes a small diameter section and a large diameter section. The small diameter section covers the PVDF force sensor 9. The large diameter section covers the shank connection part. The lower end opening of the shell 3 is closed by the conductive slip ring connection part, and the shell rubber sealing ring 8 is arranged in the gap between the upper end opening and the shank 2. The large diameter section and the cylindrical section I enclose a circuit board accommodating space. The large diameter section and the cylindrical section II enclose a circuit board base accommodating space. The large diameter section and the cylindrical section III enclose a battery compartment accommodating space.

[0039] A circuit board base 17 is arranged in the circuit board base accommodating space. A heat-mount flange 18 is arranged on the lower surface of the circuit board base 17, and a hexagonal copper column 16 is arranged on the upper surface. The circuit board base 17 is fixedly mounted on the heat-mount flange 18 using circuit board base fixing screws 21. A battery compartment 20 is arranged in the battery compartment accommodating space. A plurality of lithium batteries 19 are arranged in the battery compartment 20. The top of the battery compartment 20 is fixed to the heat-mount flange 18. A signal processing circuit board 15 is arranged in the circuit board accommodating space. The signal processing circuit board 15 is mounted and fixed on the hexagonal copper column 16 using circuit board fixing screws 22. The lithium battery 19, the vibration sensor 13 and the PVDF force sensor 9 are all connected to the signal processing circuit board 15.

[0040] Press the switch button 7 to start the integrated intelligent milling cutter system to monitor the cutting status of the tool. During the cutting process, the cutter head 1 is deformed by the cutting force and produces corresponding strain. The strain is transmitted to the PVDF force sensor 9 through the tool rod 2. The charge signal generated by the PVDF force sensor 9 is transmitted to the signal processing circuit board 15. The vibration sensor 13 senses the acceleration change caused by the vibration of the milling cutter and transmits the voltage signal to the signal processing circuit board 15. The signal processing circuit board 15 encodes the sensor signal and transmits it to the host computer.

[0041] This embodiment uses sensors to collect and analyze data on vibration and force during the cutting process, and can establish a correspondence between vibration, force and tool cutting status and tool wear, so as to provide timely feedback on abnormal processing status and provide guidance for operations such as tool changing.

[0042] It is worth noting that during the acquisition process, the signals output by the vibration and force sensors are converted from mV analog signals to digital signals through the AD converter, and are transmitted to the main microcontroller chip at high speed through the SPI interface. The main microcontroller chip uses information encoding methods such as ASCII encoding and BCD encoding to represent the signal in binary, and uses data encoding to convert the binary data into a digital signal suitable for transmission. The encoded digital signal is transmitted to the wireless transmission module at high speed through the SPI interface. The digital signal is modulated onto the radio frequency wave through the wireless transmission module, so that the digital signal becomes a signal form suitable for transmission, and is transmitted to the PC host through the communication protocol. After receiving the signal on the PC side, the signal is demodulated into a digital signal through the host program, and then further decoded into the original signal and displayed on the host. The main function of the host software is to control the data acquisition of the intelligent milling cutter lower computer and display the collected cutting data. By linking with the lower computer wireless transmission module, the functions required for various data acquisitions such as acquisition settings and acquisition start and stop are realized. The main functions of the upper computer software include: being able to wirelessly connect and communicate with the intelligent milling cutter lower computer, and controlling the start, stop and acquisition of the lower computer through the upper computer software; being able to receive the digital signal transmitted by the intelligent milling cutter lower computer in real time, and restore it to the original signal through decoding calculation; being able to store the data collected by the intelligent milling cutter lower computer, and save it to a file by creating a path and file name for subsequent analysis; being able to open and view historical data; and being equipped with a prompt light for normal connection or operation, so as to facilitate finding connection and operation abnormalities encountered during the acquisition process.

[0043] The online monitoring interface of the upper computer software includes the data acquisition saving path selection and naming settings, alarm threshold settings, network connection settings, acquisition settings, acquisition start and end buttons, "wear prediction" and "feature monitoring" interfaces, "time domain waveform" and "frequency domain spectrum" interfaces. Among them, the data acquisition saving path and naming settings are used to select the acquisition signal saving path and file naming. Click "path selection" to pop up the folder selection window. After setting the name, click "confirm naming" to confirm. If you want to change it, click "rename"; the alarm threshold setting is used to set the vibration value for judging the piercing knife. If the threshold is exceeded, the status indicator turns red to indicate a fault; the network connection setting is used to set the network connection address and port number. When the wireless network connection is successful, the status displays "connected", the icon is in a connected state, and the intelligent milling cutter lower computer can receive software signals; the acquisition settings are used to set the cutting signal acquisition frequency, wireless acquisition channel and trigger mode; The acquisition start and end buttons are used to control the start and end of cutting signal acquisition. The software successfully sends the acquisition command to the tool holder lower computer, and the acquisition status indicator lights up; the "wear prediction" and "feature monitoring" interfaces are used to display the predicted wear value and the time domain and frequency domain feature transformation of the signals in the three directions of x, y, and z in real time and draw the wear state change curve. It has the functions of "data interval" (reducing the amount of calculation interval sampling), "data length" (the length of the time series signal required for a single prediction), and "model selection" (selecting the trained model for tool wear prediction); the "time domain waveform" and "frequency domain spectrum" interfaces are used to display the acquired signal waveform and the corresponding spectrum diagram in real time.

[0044] The offline analysis interface of the host computer software includes loading file path and parameter settings, model training settings, and operation log interface. Among them, loading file path and parameter settings are used to select the historical files to be viewed, and the historical data can be viewed by opening the files in the folder. After the file is loaded, set the sampling frequency, click the "Parameter Confirmation" button, and you can draw the images corresponding to the "wear monitoring", "feature monitoring", "time domain waveform" and "frequency domain spectrum" of the historical file. The difference from online monitoring is that there is no need to set interval sampling and fixed window to display the time domain waveform; model training settings include selecting the model, sample data and labels to be trained, and clicking the "Model Migration Training" button to update the current model. The "Training Status" indicator light is on during model training; the operation log interface is used to record various operation records, error feedback and abnormal situations in detail to ensure the traceability and stability of offline analysis work.

[0045] Embodiment 2:

[0046] The main contents of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, wherein the clamping part 4 uses a non-standard BT48 tool holder. The taper of the taper handle 403 is 7:24. The installation space and the installation groove are established on the basis of the existing milling cutter, and the integrated vibration sensor and the force sensor are installed, which are better combined with the milling cutter, so that the sensor can more accurately and efficiently identify and obtain the tool vibration and cutting force signals of the milling cutter during the milling process, and transmit them to the host computer software for display, storage and analysis.

[0047] Embodiment 3:

[0048] See also Figure 8 to Figure 11 The main contents of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the signal processing circuit board 15 includes a wireless transmission module 14, a control module 37, a power supply module 40, a signal preprocessing module 41 and an analog-to-digital conversion module 42. Two sets of different voltage signals will be transmitted to the analog-to-digital conversion module 42 in the signal processing circuit board 15, and the voltage analog signals will be converted into digital signals. Then, these digital signals will be sent to the main microcontroller chip of the control module 37. The main microcontroller chip will use information encoding to convert the signal into a binary encoding form. Subsequently, the encoded digital signal will be sent to the wireless transmission module 14 in a high-speed transmission manner through the SPI interface for subsequent data transmission and processing operations.

[0049] The main function of the wireless transmission module 14 is to modulate the digital signal onto the radio frequency wave, thereby converting the digital signal into a signal form suitable for transmission. Afterwards, according to a specific communication protocol, the signal will be transmitted to the host computer. In the host computer software, by running the corresponding program, the received signal will be demodulated and restored to a digital signal. The main function of the host computer software is online monitoring and offline analysis.

[0050] The online monitoring interface of the host computer software includes the collection data saving path selection and naming settings 43, alarm threshold settings 44, network connection settings 45, collection settings 46, collection start and end buttons 47, "wear prediction" and "feature monitoring" interfaces 48, and "time domain waveform" and "frequency domain spectrum" interfaces 49.

[0051] The acquisition data saving path selection and naming setting 43 is used to select the path and file name for the acquisition signal saving. After clicking the "path selection" button, a folder selection window pops up; after setting the name, click the "confirm name" button to confirm the name. At this time, the file name and path selection cannot be changed. If you need to change it, click the "rename" button;

[0052] The alarm threshold setting 44 is used to set the vibration value of the piercing knife. When it is detected that the threshold is exceeded, the status indicator light turns red to indicate a fault.

[0053] The network connection setting 45 is used to input the network connection address and port number. When the wireless network connection is successful, the status is displayed as "connected" and the icon below is in the connection state. At this time, the tool handle lower computer can receive the signal sent by the software program;

[0054] The acquisition setting 46 is used to set the cutting signal acquisition frequency, wireless acquisition channel and trigger mode of signal acquisition;

[0055] The acquisition start and end buttons 47 are used to control the start and end of cutting signal acquisition. When the software program successfully sends the acquisition command to the tool handle lower computer, the acquisition status indicator lights up;

[0056] The "wear prediction" and "feature monitoring" interface 48 can display the predicted wear value and the time domain and frequency domain feature transformation of the x, y, and z direction signals in real time, and draw images, as shown in the following example: Figure 8 As shown, the changing curve of the wear state during the cutting process can be intuitively seen, and the current wear value is displayed in the lower left corner. At the same time, this part has "data interval", "data length", and "model selection". Among them, "data interval" is used for interval sampling to reduce the amount of calculation; "data length" is the length of the time series signal required for a single prediction; "model selection" is used to select the trained model for tool wear prediction to be used.

[0057] The "time domain waveform" and "frequency domain spectrum" interface 49 can display the collected signal waveform and the corresponding spectrum in real time;

[0058] The host computer software offline analysis interface includes loading file path and parameter settings 50, model training settings 51 and operation log interface 52.

[0059] The loading file path and parameter setting 50 are used to select the target historical file, and the historical data can be viewed by opening the file in the folder. After the file is loaded, the sampling frequency is set, and the "parameter confirmation" button is clicked to draw the images corresponding to the "wear monitoring", "feature monitoring", "time domain waveform" and "frequency domain spectrum" of the historical file. The image part is basically the same as the online monitoring function, the difference is that the local analysis does not need to set the interval sampling and the fixed window to display the time domain waveform;

[0060] The model training setting 51 is used to select the target training model, sample data and labels. Clicking the "Model Migration Training" button can update the current model. During the model training process, the "Training Status" indicator light is on.

[0061] The operation log interface 52 is used to record various operations performed and to provide timely error and abnormal feedback.

[0062] The demodulated digital signal is further decoded using the model algorithm of the host computer software program, and finally restored to the original signal for display and storage. The trained big data model can be used to make decision analysis for new cutting conditions, so as to accurately judge and predict the wear condition and remaining life of the tool, providing an important reference for the actual processing process.

[0063] Embodiment 4:

[0064] The main content of this embodiment is the same as any one of the embodiments 1 to 3, wherein six circumferential threaded holes 405 are drilled on the side wall of the cylindrical section III. The housing 3 is fixed to the clamping part 4 by screws 5.

[0065] Embodiment 5:

[0066] The main content of this embodiment is the same as any one of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein three vibration sensor fixing threaded holes 407 are drilled at the bottom of the vibration sensor installation groove 406. The vibration sensor 13 is fixedly connected to the clamping part 4 by the vibration sensor fixing screws 29.

[0067] Holes are reserved on the side wall of the housing 3 to accommodate the installation of the magnetic charging head 6 and the switch button 7. The circuit board accommodating space is provided with a charging interface card slot 10. The magnetic charging head 6 and the switch button 7 are both connected to the signal processing circuit board 15.

[0068] Embodiment 6:

[0069] The main contents of this embodiment are the same as any one of Embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the battery compartment 20 is a hollow tubular structure as a whole. The inner cavity of the battery compartment 20 is marked as the middle through hole 36 of the battery compartment. The upper and lower ends of the battery compartment 20 are open and extend outward to form a battery compartment top 35 and a battery compartment bottom 34. Battery compartment ribs 33 are evenly spaced on the side walls of the battery compartment 20. The battery compartment top 35, the battery compartment bottom 34, the battery compartment ribs 33 and the battery compartment 20 together enclose a plurality of independent battery accommodating cavities. The battery compartment top 35 is provided with an opening at the corresponding position of the battery accommodating cavity. The lithium battery 19 slides into the battery accommodating cavity through the opening.

[0070] Embodiment 7:

[0071] The main content of this embodiment is the same as any one of embodiments 1 to 6, wherein the vibration sensor 13 selects the ADXL334 sensor of ADI Company, and its vibration measurement principle is based on capacitive detection. The interior of ADXL334 is mainly composed of a movable mass block and a fixed electrode. When the sensor is vibrated, the mass block will be displaced due to the effect of acceleration. This displacement will cause the capacitance between the mass block and the fixed electrode to change. These capacitance change signals are amplified and processed by the built-in signal conditioning circuit of the sensor, and the weak capacitance change signals are converted into voltage signals that can be read by the microcontroller. Then, according to the sensitivity coefficient of the sensor, the corresponding acceleration magnitude can be calculated by the measured voltage signal. When the sensor is installed on the handle, it will feel the acceleration change caused by the vibration of the milling cutter. The sensor continuously detects and converts these acceleration signals, so that information such as the amplitude and frequency of the vibration can be obtained, and its basic parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0072] Table 1 Basic parameters of ADXL334

[0073]

Claims

1. An integrated intelligent milling cutter system integrating tool vibration and force signals, characterized in that: It comprises a cutter head (1), a cutter bar (2), a housing (3), a clamping part (4), two vibration sensors (13), a plurality of PVDF force sensors (9) and a signal processing circuit board (15); The clamping part (4) comprises a shank connecting part (401), a flange (402) and a tapered handle (403) in sequence from the head end to the tail end; the shank connecting part (401) comprises a cylindrical section I, a cylindrical section II and a cylindrical section III in sequence; vibration sensor mounting grooves (406) are provided on the side walls of both sides of the cylindrical section I; the vibration sensor (13) is accommodated in the vibration sensor mounting groove (406); key grooves (404) are provided on both sides of the flange (402); and the clamping part (4) is provided with a shank through hole (408) along the axial direction; The front end of the knife rod (2) is connected to the knife head (1), and the rear end extends into the front end of the knife handle through hole (408); a plurality of PVDF force sensors (9) are attached to the shank of the knife rod (2) in a circumferential direction; The shell (3) is sleeved on the periphery of the knife bar (2) and the clamping part (4); the shell (3) is a stepped rotary shell with upper and lower ends open; the shell (3) comprises a small diameter section and a large diameter section; the small diameter section covers the PVDF force sensor (9); the large diameter section covers the knife bar connecting part (401); the lower end opening of the shell (3) is closed by a flange (402), and a shell rubber sealing ring (8) is arranged in the gap between the upper end opening and the knife bar (2); the large diameter section and the cylindrical section I enclose a circuit board accommodating space; the large diameter section and the cylindrical section II enclose a circuit board base accommodating space; the large diameter section and the cylindrical section III enclose a battery compartment accommodating space; A circuit board base (17) is arranged in the circuit board base accommodating space; a heat-mount flange (18) is arranged on the lower surface of the circuit board base (17), and a hexagonal copper column (16) is arranged on the upper surface; the circuit board base (17) is fixedly mounted on the heat-mount flange (18) using circuit board base fixing screws (21); a battery compartment (20) is arranged in the battery compartment accommodating space; a plurality of lithium batteries (19) are arranged in the battery compartment (20); the top of the battery compartment (20) is fixed to the heat-mount flange (18); a signal processing circuit board (15) is arranged in the circuit board accommodating space; the signal processing circuit board (15) is fixedly mounted on the hexagonal copper column (16) using circuit board fixing screws (22); the lithium battery (19), the vibration sensor (13) and the PVDF force sensor (9) are all connected to the signal processing circuit board (15); During the cutting process, the cutter head (1) is deformed under the action of the cutting force, generating corresponding strain; the strain is transmitted to the PVDF force sensor (9) through the cutter rod (2); the charge signal generated by the PVDF force sensor (9) is transmitted to the signal processing circuit board (15); the vibration sensor (13) senses the acceleration change caused by the vibration of the milling cutter and transmits the voltage signal to the signal processing circuit board (15); the signal processing circuit board (15) encodes the sensor signal and transmits it to the host computer.

2. The integrated intelligent milling cutter system for integrating tool vibration and force signals according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three vibration sensor fixing threaded holes (407) are drilled at the bottom of the vibration sensor installation groove (406); the vibration sensor (13) is fixedly connected to the clamping part (4) via vibration sensor fixing screws (29).

3. The integrated intelligent milling cutter system integrating tool vibration and force signals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing circuit board (15) comprises a wireless transmission module (14), a control module (37), a power supply module (40), a signal preprocessing module (41) and an analog-to-digital conversion module (42); a lithium battery (19) is used to power the entire hardware circuit; a charging circuit of the power supply module (40) is used to charge the lithium battery (19), and a DC-DC voltage stabilizing circuit provides corresponding stable voltages for circuit components; the signal preprocessing module (41) performs signal conditioning on analog signals output by the sensor, and uses an AD converter inside a main microcontroller chip to convert the analog signals into digital signals; and the wireless transmission module (14) is used to wirelessly transmit data to a PC-side host computer software.

4. The integrated intelligent milling cutter system integrating tool vibration and force signals according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Holes are reserved on the side wall of the housing (3) to accommodate the installation of a magnetic charging head (6) and a switch button (7); a charging interface slot (10) is provided in the circuit board accommodating space; and both the magnetic charging head (6) and the switch button (7) are connected to a signal processing circuit board (15).

5. The integrated intelligent milling cutter system integrating tool vibration and force signals according to claim 1, characterized in that: Six circumferential threaded holes (405) are drilled on the side wall of the cylindrical section III; the housing (3) is fixed to the clamping part (4) by means of screws (5).

6. The integrated intelligent milling cutter system integrating tool vibration and force signals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping part (4) uses a non-standard BT50 tool handle; the taper of the tapered handle (403) is 7:

24.

7. The integrated intelligent milling cutter system integrating tool vibration and force signals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery compartment (20) is a hollow cylindrical structure as a whole; the inner cavity of the battery compartment (20) is marked as a battery compartment middle through hole (36); the upper and lower ends of the battery compartment (20) are open and extend outward to form a battery compartment top (35) and a battery compartment bottom (34); battery compartment ribs (33) are evenly spaced on the side walls of the battery compartment (20); the battery compartment top (35), the battery compartment bottom (34), the battery compartment ribs (33) and the battery compartment (20) together enclose a plurality of independent battery accommodating cavities; the battery compartment top (35) is provided with an opening at a position corresponding to the battery accommodating cavity; the lithium battery (19) slides into the battery accommodating cavity through the opening.

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