Multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing equipment and control method for CNC machine tools

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing device and a control method for a CNC machine tool, which solves the problem that it is inconvenient to adaptively clamp the casting according to the shape of the casting. The device comprises a workbench and a polishing machine, a top frame is installed above the workbench, the polishing machine is installed below the top frame, and a casting fixing mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the workbench, the casting fixing mechanism comprises a horizontal table, a base is provided below the horizontal table, a cylinder is installed at an equal angle on the top of the base, the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the horizontal table, a rotating limit ring frame is installed on the inner side of the horizontal table, a rotating ball is provided on the inner side of the rotating limit ring frame, and the rotating ball is limited to the inner side of the rotating limit ring frame; the present invention installs the rotating ball on the inner side of the rotating limit ring frame, and the rotating ball can rotate horizontally and longitudinally in the rotating limit ring frame, so that the polishing position of the casting can be adjusted conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of clamping and polishing equipment, in particular to a multi-axis linkage self-adaptive clamping casting polishing equipment for a numerically controlled machine tool and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the production process, castings often have high surface roughness, burrs, flash, and other problems due to the limitations of the casting process. These surface defects not only affect the appearance quality of the castings, but may also affect their assembly accuracy, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue strength and other properties. Therefore, the polishing of castings is an important step in improving the quality of castings, extending their service life, and enhancing product competitiveness. Generally, during the polishing process of castings, the castings need to be clamped on the polishing workbench by equipment such as cylinders and splints, and then polished by a polishing machine. However, there are the following defects:

[0003] When polishing a casting, it is inconvenient to adaptively clamp the casting according to its shape, and it is also inconvenient to move, rotate, and adjust the tilt angle of the casting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing device and control method for a CNC machine tool, which effectively solves the problem of inconvenience in adaptively clamping the casting according to the shape of the casting.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing device for a CNC machine tool, comprising a workbench and a polishing machine, wherein a top frame is installed above the workbench, the polishing machine is installed below the top frame, and a casting fixing mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the workbench;

[0006] The casting fixing mechanism includes a horizontal table, a base is provided below the horizontal table, a cylinder is installed at an equal angle on the top of the base, the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the horizontal table, a rotation limit ring frame is installed on the inner side of the horizontal table, a rotating ball is provided on the inner side of the rotating limit ring frame, the rotating ball is limited to the inner side of the rotating limit ring frame, and the rotating ball can rotate on the rotating limit ring frame, a clamping fixture for adaptive clamping is provided on the top of the rotating ball, a rotating control member for angle adjustment is provided on the bottom end of the rotating ball, a middle fixing member for adjusting and fixing the rotating ball and positioning and fixing the clamping fixture is provided inside the rotating ball, and an axial moving member is provided below the base;

[0007] The clamping fixture includes a support platform fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating sphere, a fixed ring cover is mounted on the top of the support platform, a screw barrel is mounted at equal angles on the fixed ring cover, a clamping screw is mounted on the inner thread of the screw barrel, a first clamping rubber head is provided at one end of the clamping screw, a rotating ring cover is mounted on the top of the fixed ring cover, the bottom wall of the rotating ring cover is rotatably connected to the top wall of the fixed ring cover, and four adaptive clamping members are provided at equal angles on the rotating ring cover.

[0008] Preferably, the adaptive clamping member includes four transverse cylinders installed at equal angles on the rotating ring cover, a transverse piston is movably installed inside the transverse cylinder, a clamping rod is installed on the side of the transverse piston close to the inner side of the rotating ring cover, a second clamping rubber head is installed on one end of the clamping rod, a second spring is fixedly installed on the side of the transverse piston close to the clamping rod, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the transverse cylinder, a longitudinal cylinder is longitudinally arranged on the end of the transverse cylinder away from the rotating ring cover, a counterweight is installed on one of the longitudinal cylinders, a connecting tube is installed on one side of the longitudinal cylinder, one end of the connecting tube is communicated with the transverse cylinder, and a first suction cup is installed at the bottom end of the longitudinal cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, an electromagnet is installed at the top of the longitudinal cylinder, a longitudinal piston is movably installed inside the longitudinal cylinder, the outer wall of the longitudinal piston is in close contact with the inner wall of the longitudinal cylinder, a magnetic block is installed on the longitudinal piston, a support ring is installed on the inner wall of the longitudinal cylinder, the support ring supports the longitudinal piston, and hydraulic oil is filled between the longitudinal piston and the transverse piston.

[0010] Preferably, the rotation control part includes a sliding frame arranged on the base, the sliding frame is slidably mounted on the sliding frame, the top of the slider is installed with a fixed sliding sleeve, the inner side of the fixed sliding sleeve is slidably mounted with a longitudinal slide, the top of the longitudinal slide is installed with a hinge head, the hinge head is arranged on the bottom end of the rotating sphere, the top of the hinge head is fixedly installed with a limit rotation block, the limit rotation block is rotatably mounted inside the limit rotation groove, the limit rotation groove is opened inside the rotating sphere, the top of the limit rotation groove is opened with a top groove, the inside of the limit rotation block is opened with a sliding groove, the inside of the sliding groove is slidably mounted with a sliding plate, the top of the sliding plate is installed with a top connecting plate, the top connecting plate is located inside the top groove, the bottom end of the sliding plate is fixedly mounted with a first spring, and the bottom end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the sliding groove.

[0011] Preferably, a first screw is rotatably installed inside the sliding frame, the first screw is threadedly connected to the slider, one end of the first screw is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor, the second motor is fixedly installed on the sliding frame, and a limit rod is symmetrically installed at the bottom end of the sliding frame. A limit ring groove is provided at the top of the base, the limit rod is located on the inner side of the limit ring groove, the middle part of the bottom end of the sliding frame is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor, the first motor is installed at the bottom end of the base, and the output shaft of the first motor is coaxially arranged with the rotating sphere.

[0012] Preferably, the middle fixing part includes a longitudinal groove longitudinally opened inside the rotating sphere, a connecting groove is opened at the bottom end of the longitudinal groove, and the connecting groove extends to the inside of the top groove, a second suction cup is installed on the inner top wall of the top groove, and the bottom wall of the second suction cup is tightly attached to the top wall of the top connecting plate, a longitudinal rod is movably installed inside the longitudinal groove, a bottom piston is installed at the bottom end of the longitudinal rod, and the outer wall of the bottom piston is tightly attached to the inner wall of the longitudinal groove, a guide groove is opened on one side of the longitudinal groove, a guide plate is installed on one side of the longitudinal rod, the guide plate is slidably connected to the guide groove, a second screw is rotatably installed inside the guide groove, the second screw is threadedly connected to the guide plate, the second screw is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor, and the third motor is installed inside the rotating sphere.

[0013] Preferably, the top end of the longitudinal groove passes through the interior of the support platform, an annular groove is provided on the support platform, the top end of the annular groove passes through the top of the support platform, and the annular groove is located below the first suction cup, an annular plate is movably installed inside the annular groove, side grooves are provided at equal angles on the outside of the longitudinal groove, the side grooves pass through the interior of the annular groove, connecting rods are installed at equal angles on the outside of the longitudinal rod, and the connecting rods are fixedly connected to the annular plate.

[0014] Preferably, the axially movable member includes a sliding seat fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the base, the sliding seat is slidably mounted on the X-axis sliding module, the X-axis sliding module is used to drive the sliding seat to move along the X-axis, a Y-axis sliding module is arranged between the X-axis sliding module and the workbench, the Y-axis sliding module is used to drive the X-axis sliding module to move along the Y-axis, and the driving mode of the X-axis sliding module and the driving mode of the Y-axis sliding module are the same as the driving mode of the slider sliding in the sliding frame.

[0015] Preferably, the control method of the multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing equipment of the CNC machine tool is as follows:

[0016] S1. Positioning and fixing: Place the casting inside the fixed ring cover and position and clamp the casting by turning each clamping screw;

[0017] S2. Position adjustment: The X-axis sliding module, Y-axis sliding module and cylinder are controlled by a computer controller to drive the casting to move along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis to control the position of the casting;

[0018] S3, rotation adjustment: The computer controller controls the third motor and the first motor to drive the longitudinal rod to move upward. When the rotating ball and the limit block are fixed under negative pressure, the sliding frame is driven to rotate, and the rotating ball is driven to rotate horizontally to control the horizontal direction of the casting;

[0019] S4. Angle adjustment: The computer controller controls the third motor and the first motor to drive the longitudinal rod to move back. When the rotating ball and the limit block are released, the sliding frame is driven to rotate until the length direction of the sliding frame is aligned with the tilt direction of the rotating ball. The computer controller then controls the second motor to drive the fixed sleeve to move along the sliding frame, pulling the rotating ball to rotate and tilt, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the casting.

[0020] S5. Fixing: The computer controller controls the third motor to move the longitudinal rod upward, fixing the rotating sphere and the limit block under negative pressure. At the same time, the annular plate moves up and contacts the bottom wall of the first suction cup. The computer controller controls the electromagnet to energize, fixing the rotating ring cover and the support table. At the same time, the clamping rod moves toward the casting to further clamp and fix the casting.

[0021] S6. Polishing: The polishing machine under the top frame is controlled by a computer controller to perform polishing work.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1) During operation, the casting is positioned and clamped by moving the clamping screws on the circumference of the fixed ring cover, and the longitudinal piston in the longitudinal cylinder on the circumference of the rotating ring cover moves upward, pushing the clamping rod toward the casting to further clamp and fix the casting, and facilitating adaptive clamping of castings of different shapes;

[0024] 2) During operation, when the electromagnet is energized, it generates attraction on the magnetic block, driving the longitudinal piston to move upward. Hydraulic oil is filled between the longitudinal piston and the transverse piston, driving each clamping rod to move toward the casting to clamp and fix the casting. At the same time, the first suction cup and the support platform are fixed by negative pressure adsorption, fixing the rotating ring cover, and improving the clamping stability of the casting;

[0025] 3) During operation, the rotating ring cover is rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed ring cover, and a counterweight is provided on one of the longitudinal cylinders. When the support platform tilts, the rotating ring cover rotates under the action of the gravity of the counterweight, so that one of the longitudinal cylinders moves to the tilting direction of the casting, so that one of the clamping rods can support the casting, and the clamping effect can be adaptively adjusted according to the angle.

[0026] 4) During operation, the longitudinal rod moves upward, which, on the one hand, pushes the annular plate upward to fit tightly against the bottom wall of the first suction cup, thereby fixing the rotating ring cover to the support platform for easy clamping. On the other hand, the second suction cup is fixed to the limiting rotating block by negative pressure adsorption, thereby fixing the rotating sphere and improving polishing stability.

[0027] 5) During operation, the rotating ball is installed on the inner side of the rotating limit ring frame. The rotating ball can rotate horizontally and longitudinally in the rotating limit ring frame. The rotating ball can be driven to a horizontal state by rotating the sliding frame. When the fixed sliding sleeve is driven to move along the sliding frame, the rotating ball can be pulled to tilt along the length direction of the sliding frame, which is convenient for adjusting the polishing position of the casting;

[0028] 6) During operation, the set cylinder can drive the horizontal table to move longitudinally, drive the casting to move along the Z axis, and the sliding seat is slidably installed on the X-axis sliding module. The X-axis sliding module can drive the casting to move along the X axis, and the Y-axis sliding module can drive the casting to move along the Y axis, which is convenient for adjusting the position of the casting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0030] In the attached figure:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing equipment of the CNC machine tool of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the casting fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the horizontal platform and the base of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotation control member of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the middle fixing member of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A in the middle is an enlarged structural diagram;

[0037] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit transfer block of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating ring cover structure of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1. Workbench; 2. Top frame; 3. Casting fixing mechanism; 301. Horizontal table; 302. Base; 303. Cylinder; 304. Sliding seat; 305. X-axis sliding module; 306. Y-axis sliding module; 307. Rotating limiting ring frame; 308. Rotating sphere; 309. Rotating control member; 3091. Sliding frame; 3092. Limiting ring groove; 3093. Limiting rod; 3094. First motor; 3095, slider; 3096, first screw; 3097, second motor; 3098, fixed sleeve; 3099, longitudinal slide; 30910, limit rotation block; 30911, limit rotation groove; 30912, top groove; 30913, sliding groove; 30914, sliding plate; 30915, top connecting plate; 30916, first spring; 310, clamping fixture; 3101, support platform; 310 2. Fixed ring cover; 3103. Screw barrel; 3104. Clamping screw; 3105. Rotating ring cover; 3106. Transverse cylinder; 3107. Transverse piston; 3108. Clamping rod; 3109. Second spring; 31010. Longitudinal cylinder; 31011. Counterweight; 31012. Connecting pipe; 31013. First suction cup; 31014. Electromagnet; 31015. Support ring; 31016. Longitudinal piston ; 31017, magnetic block; 311, middle fixing part; 3111, annular groove; 3112, annular plate; 3113, longitudinal groove; 3114, longitudinal rod; 3115, side groove; 3116, connecting rod; 3117, bottom piston; 3118, connecting groove; 3119, second suction cup; 31110, guide groove; 31111, guide plate; 31112, second screw; 31113, third motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Depend on Figure 1-9 The present invention relates to a multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing device for a CNC machine tool, comprising a workbench 1 and a polishing machine, a top frame 2 is installed above the workbench 1, the polishing machine is installed below the top frame 2, and a casting fixing mechanism 3 is provided on the upper surface of the workbench 1.

[0043] The casting fixing mechanism 3 includes a horizontal platform 301, a base 302 is provided below the horizontal platform 301, a cylinder 303 is installed at an equal angle on the top of the base 302, the output end of the cylinder 303 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the horizontal platform 301, a rotation limit ring frame 307 is installed on the inner side of the horizontal platform 301, a rotating ball 308 is provided on the inner side of the rotating limit ring frame 307, the rotating ball 308 is limited to the inner side of the rotating limit ring frame 307, and the rotating ball 308 can rotate on the rotating limit ring frame 307, a clamping fixture 310 for adaptive clamping is provided at the top of the rotating ball 308, a rotating control member 309 for angle adjustment is provided at the bottom end of the rotating ball 308, a middle fixing member 311 is provided inside the rotating ball 308 for adjusting and fixing the rotating ball 308 and positioning and fixing the clamping fixture 310, and an axial moving member is provided below the base 302.

[0044] The clamping fixture 310 includes a support platform 3101 fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating sphere 308, a fixed ring cover 3102 is mounted on the top of the support platform 3101, a screw barrel 3103 is mounted at an equal angle on the fixed ring cover 3102, a clamping screw 3104 is mounted on the inner thread of the screw barrel 3103, a first clamping rubber head is provided at one end of the clamping screw 3104, a rotating ring cover 3105 is mounted on the top of the fixed ring cover 3102, the bottom wall of the rotating ring cover 3105 is rotatably connected to the top wall of the fixed ring cover 3102, four adaptive clamping members are arranged at equal angles on the rotating ring cover 3105, the adaptive clamping members include four horizontal cylinders 3106 mounted at equal angles on the rotating ring cover 3105, and a lateral movable member is installed inside the horizontal cylinder 3106 Plug 3107, a clamping rod 3108 is installed on the side of the transverse piston 3107 close to the inner side of the rotating ring cover 3105, and a second clamping rubber head is installed on one end of the clamping rod 3108. A second spring 3109 is fixedly installed on the side of the transverse piston 3107 close to the clamping rod 3108, and one end of the second spring 3109 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the transverse cylinder 3106. A longitudinal cylinder 31010 is longitudinally provided on the end of the transverse cylinder 3106 away from the rotating ring cover 3105, and a counterweight 31011 is installed on one of the longitudinal cylinders 31010. The rotating ring cover 3105 is rotatably installed on the top of the fixed ring cover 3102, and a counterweight 31011 is provided on one of the longitudinal cylinders 31010, so that when the support platform 3101 is tilted, Under the action of gravity of the counterweight block 31011, the rotating ring cover 3105 rotates, so that there is always a longitudinal cylinder 31010 that moves to the tilted direction of the casting, so that one of the clamping rods 3108 can support the casting, and the clamping effect can be adaptively adjusted according to the angle. A connecting pipe 31012 is installed on one side of the longitudinal cylinder 31010, and one end of the connecting pipe 31012 is connected to the transverse cylinder 3106. A first suction cup 31013 is installed at the bottom end of the longitudinal cylinder 31010, and an electromagnet 31014 is installed at the top end of the longitudinal cylinder 31010. A longitudinal piston 31016 is movably installed inside the longitudinal cylinder 31010, and the outer wall of the longitudinal piston 31016 is in close contact with the inner wall of the longitudinal cylinder 31010. The longitudinal piston 31016 A magnetic block 31017 is installed on it, and a support ring 31015 is installed on the inner wall of the longitudinal cylinder 31010. The support ring 31015 supports the longitudinal piston 31016. Hydraulic oil is filled between the longitudinal piston 31016 and the transverse piston 3107. After the clamping screws 3104 on the circumference of the fixed ring cover 3102 move, the casting is positioned and clamped, and the longitudinal piston 31016 in the longitudinal cylinder 31010 on the circumference of the rotating ring cover 3105 moves upward, pushing the clamping rod 3108 to move toward the casting, further clamping and fixing the casting, and facilitating adaptive clamping of castings of different shapes. After the electromagnet 31014 is energized, it generates attraction to the magnetic block 31017, driving the longitudinal piston 31016 to move upward.The space between the longitudinal piston 31016 and the transverse piston 3107 is filled with hydraulic oil, which drives the clamping rods 3108 to move toward the casting, clamping and fixing the casting. At the same time, the first suction cup 31013 and the support platform 3101 are fixed by negative pressure, fixing the rotating ring cover 3105 and improving the clamping stability of the casting.

[0045] The rotation control member 309 includes a sliding frame 3091 provided on the base 302, a slider 3095 is slidably mounted on the sliding frame 3091, a fixed sleeve 3098 is installed on the top of the slider 3095, a longitudinal slide 3099 is slidably mounted inside the fixed sleeve 3098, a hinge head is installed on the top of the longitudinal slide 3099, the hinge head is provided at the bottom end of the rotating sphere 308, a limited rotation block 30910 is fixedly installed on the top of the hinge head, the limited rotation block 30910 is rotatably mounted inside the limited rotation groove 30911, and the limited rotation groove 30911 is opened at the rotating Inside the sphere 308, a top groove 30912 is provided at the top of the limit rotation groove 30911, a sliding groove 30913 is provided inside the limit rotation block 30910, a sliding plate 30914 is slidably installed inside the sliding groove 30913, a top connecting plate 30915 is installed at the top of the sliding plate 30914, the top connecting plate 30915 is located inside the top groove 30912, a first spring 30916 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sliding plate 30914, and the bottom end of the first spring 30916 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the sliding groove 30913, and the sliding frame 309 1 is rotatably mounted on the interior of the first screw 3096, which is threadedly connected to the slider 3095. One end of the first screw 3096 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 3097. The second motor 3097 is fixedly mounted on the sliding frame 3091. The bottom end of the sliding frame 3091 is symmetrically mounted with a limit rod 3093. The top end of the base 302 is provided with a limit ring groove 3092. The limit rod 3093 is located inside the limit ring groove 3092. The middle part of the bottom end of the sliding frame 3091 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 3094. The first motor 3094 is fixedly mounted on the sliding frame 3091. It is installed at the bottom end of the base 302, and the output shaft of the first motor 3094 is coaxially arranged with the rotating ball 308. The rotating ball 308 is installed on the inner side of the rotating limit ring frame 307. The rotating ball 308 can rotate horizontally or longitudinally in the rotating limit ring frame 307. The rotating ball 308 can be driven to a horizontal state by rotating the sliding frame 3091. When driving the fixed sleeve 3098 to move along the sliding frame 3091, the rotating ball 308 can be pulled to tilt along the length direction of the sliding frame 3091, which is convenient for adjusting the polishing position of the casting.

[0046] The middle fixing member 311 includes a longitudinal groove 3113 longitudinally opened inside the rotating sphere 308, a connecting groove 3118 is opened at the bottom end of the longitudinal groove 3113, and the connecting groove 3118 passes through the top groove 30912. A second suction cup 3119 is installed on the inner top wall of the top groove 30912. The bottom wall of the second suction cup 3119 is tightly attached to the top wall of the top connecting plate 30915. A longitudinal rod 3114 is movably installed inside the longitudinal groove 3113, and the bottom end of the longitudinal rod 3114 is installed with a bottom piston 311. 7. The outer wall of the bottom piston 3117 is in close contact with the inner wall of the longitudinal groove 3113. A guide groove 31110 is formed on one side of the longitudinal groove 3113. A guide plate 31111 is installed on one side of the longitudinal rod 3114. The guide plate 31111 is slidably connected to the guide groove 31110. A second screw 31112 is rotatably installed inside the guide groove 31110. The second screw 31112 is threadedly connected to the guide plate 31111. The second screw 31112 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor 31113. The third motor 31113 is installed inside the rotating sphere 308, the top of the longitudinal groove 3113 penetrates into the interior of the support platform 3101, the support platform 3101 is provided with an annular groove 3111, the top of the annular groove 3111 penetrates to the top of the support platform 3101, and the annular groove 3111 is located below the first suction cup 31013, the annular groove 3111 is movably provided with an annular plate 3112, the outer side of the longitudinal groove 3113 is provided with a side groove 3115 at an equal angle, and the side groove 3115 penetrates to the annular groove 3111. Inside 111, a connecting rod 3116 is installed at an equal angle on the outside of the longitudinal rod 3114. The connecting rod 3116 is fixedly connected to the annular plate 3112. The longitudinal rod 3114 moves upward. On the one hand, it pushes the annular plate 3112 to move upward and tightly fit against the bottom wall of the first suction cup 31013, so that the rotating ring cover 3105 is fixed to the support platform 3101 for easy clamping. On the other hand, the second suction cup 3119 is fixed to the limiting rotating block 30910 by negative pressure adsorption, thereby fixing the rotating sphere 308 and improving the polishing stability.

[0047] The axial moving part includes a sliding seat 304 fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the base 302, and the sliding seat 304 is slidably mounted on the X-axis sliding module 305. The X-axis sliding module 305 is used to drive the sliding seat 304 to move along the X-axis. A Y-axis sliding module 306 is arranged between the X-axis sliding module 305 and the workbench 1. The Y-axis sliding module 306 is used to drive the X-axis sliding module 305 to move along the Y-axis, and the driving mode of the X-axis sliding module 305 and the Y-axis sliding module 306 are the same as the driving mode of the slider 3095 sliding in the sliding frame 3091. The cylinder 303 can drive the horizontal table 301 to move longitudinally and drive the casting to move along the Z-axis, and the sliding seat 304 is slidably mounted on the X-axis sliding module 305. The casting can be driven to move along the X-axis through the X-axis sliding module 305, and the casting can be driven to move along the Y-axis through the Y-axis sliding module 306, which is convenient for adjusting the position of the casting.

[0048] Working Principle: During operation, the casting to be polished and clamped is first placed inside the fixed ring cover 3102. Then, the staff twists the clamping screws 3104 on the circumference of the fixed ring cover 3102, causing the clamping screws 3104 to move toward the casting, so that the first clamping rubber heads at the ends of the clamping screws 3104 are in close contact with the outer wall of the casting, thereby clamping and positioning the casting.

[0049] Then the third motor 31113 is turned on to drive the second screw 31112 to rotate, and then the longitudinal rod 3114 is driven to move upward. Because the top connecting plate 30915 is under the elastic force of the first spring 30916, the top wall of the top connecting plate 30915 is in close contact with the bottom wall of the second suction cup 3119. When the longitudinal rod 3114 moves upward, it drives the bottom piston 3117 to move upward, so that the second suction cup 3119 and the top connecting plate 30915 generate negative pressure suction, which fixes the limit rotating block 30910 and the rotating ball 308. At the same time, the longitudinal rod 3114 moves upward, pushing the annular plate 3112 to move upward, so that the annular plate 3112 The top wall of the shaped plate 3112 is in close contact with the bottom wall of each first suction cup 31013, and each electromagnet 31014 is energized, so that the electromagnet 31014 generates an attractive force on the magnetic block 31017, driving the longitudinal piston 31016 to move upward, so that the first suction cup 31013 and the annular plate 3112 generate a negative pressure suction force, so that the support platform 3101 and the rotating ring cover 3105 are fixed. At the same time, the transverse cylinder 3106 moves upward, and under the action of hydraulic oil, it pushes the transverse piston 3107 to move toward the casting until the second clamping rubber head at the end of each clamping rod 3108 further clamps and fixes the casting, thereby improving the clamping and fixing effect;

[0050] Then the polishing machine under the top frame 2 moves to polish the surface of the casting;

[0051] When the casting needs to be moved along the X-axis, the X-axis sliding module 305 drives the transverse table 301 to move along the X-axis to adjust the position of the casting. When the casting needs to be moved along the Y-axis, the Y-axis sliding module 306 drives the X-axis sliding module 305 to move along the Y-axis to adjust the position of the casting. When the casting needs to be moved along the Z-axis, the cylinder 303 drives the transverse table 301 to move longitudinally, so that the casting moves along the Z-axis to adjust the height of the casting.

[0052] When the casting needs to be rotated, after the longitudinal rod 3114 has moved upward, the second suction cup 3119 and the limit rotating block 30910 are fixed by negative pressure. At this time, the first motor 3094 is turned on to drive the sliding frame 3091 to rotate, which in turn drives the fixed sliding sleeve 3098, the longitudinal slide 3099 and the limit rotating block 30910 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating ball 308 to rotate horizontally along the rotating limit ring frame 307 as a whole, thereby facilitating the rotation adjustment of the casting;

[0053] When the casting needs to be tilted and the angle needs to be adjusted, the longitudinal rod 3114 is first driven to move back, so that the negative pressure fixation between the second suction cup 3119 and the limit rotating block 30910 is cancelled, and the first motor 3094 is turned on to drive the sliding frame 3091 to rotate, so that the limit rotating block 30910 rotates inside the limit rotating groove 30911 until the length direction of the sliding frame 3091 is the same as the tilting direction of the rotating ball 308. Then the second motor 3097 is turned on to drive the first screw 3096 to rotate, and then the fixed sleeve 3098 is driven to move along the sliding frame 3091. Since the longitudinal slide 3099 is slidably installed inside the fixed sleeve 3098, the longitudinal slide 3099 and the limit rotating block 30910 are hingedly connected by a hinge joint. After the fixed sleeve 3098 moves, the rotating ball 308 is driven to move along the length direction of the sliding frame 3091. The rotating sphere 308 is tilted to tilt the casting, which facilitates the adjustment of the polishing angle. At the same time, the rotating ring cover 3105 is in a loose state, and a counterweight 31011 is installed on one of the longitudinal cylinders 31010. After the support platform 3101 is tilted, the rotating ring cover 3105 is driven to rotate under the action of the gravity of the counterweight 31011 until the longitudinal cylinder 31010 with the counterweight 31011 rotates to the lowest point, unless when tilted, the longitudinal cylinder 31010 with the counterweight 31011 is at the highest point, so that when clamping, there is always a clamping rod 3108 to support and clamp the bottom of the casting, thereby improving the clamping stability of the casting and improving the adaptive clamping effect, and then driving the longitudinal rod 3114 to move upward and energizing the electromagnet 31014 to fix the rotating sphere 308 and the rotating ring cover 3105.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0055] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing device for a CNC machine tool, comprising a workbench and a polishing machine, characterized in that: A top frame is installed above the workbench, the polishing machine is installed below the top frame, and a casting fixing mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the workbench; The casting fixing mechanism includes a horizontal platform, a base is provided below the horizontal platform, a cylinder is installed at an equal angle on the top of the base, the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the horizontal platform, a rotation limit ring frame is installed on the inner side of the horizontal platform, a rotating ball is provided on the inner side of the rotating limit ring frame, the rotating ball is limited to the inner side of the rotating limit ring frame, and the rotating ball can rotate on the rotating limit ring frame, a clamping fixture for adaptive clamping is provided on the top of the rotating ball, a rotating control member for angle adjustment is provided on the bottom end of the rotating ball, and a middle fixing member for adjusting and fixing the rotating ball and positioning and fixing the clamping fixture is provided inside the rotating ball; The clamping fixture includes a support platform fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating sphere, a fixed ring cover is mounted on the top of the support platform, a screw barrel is mounted at an equal angle on the fixed ring cover, a clamping screw is mounted on the inner thread of the screw barrel, a first clamping rubber head is provided at one end of the clamping screw, a rotating ring cover is mounted on the top of the fixed ring cover, the bottom wall of the rotating ring cover is rotatably connected to the top wall of the fixed ring cover, four adaptive clamping parts are arranged at equal angles on the rotating ring cover, and an axial moving part is provided below the base; The adaptive clamping member includes four transverse cylinders mounted on the rotating ring cover at equal angles, a transverse piston is movably mounted inside the transverse cylinder, a clamping rod is mounted on the side of the transverse piston close to the inner side of the rotating ring cover, a second clamping rubber head is mounted on one end of the clamping rod, a second spring is fixedly mounted on the side of the transverse piston close to the clamping rod, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the transverse cylinder, a longitudinal cylinder is longitudinally arranged at the end of the transverse cylinder away from the rotating ring cover, a counterweight is mounted on one of the longitudinal cylinders, a connecting pipe is mounted on one side of the longitudinal cylinder, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the transverse cylinder, and a first suction cup is mounted on the bottom end of the longitudinal cylinder; the rotation control member includes a sliding frame arranged on the base, The top of the sliding plate is provided with a top connecting plate, and the top connecting plate is located inside the top groove. The bottom end of the sliding plate is fixed with a first spring, and the bottom end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the sliding plate.

2. The multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing equipment for CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electromagnet is installed at the top of the longitudinal cylinder, and a longitudinal piston is movably installed inside the longitudinal cylinder. The outer wall of the longitudinal piston is in close contact with the inner wall of the longitudinal cylinder. A magnetic block is installed on the longitudinal piston, and a support ring is installed on the inner wall of the longitudinal cylinder. The support ring supports the longitudinal piston, and hydraulic oil is filled between the longitudinal piston and the transverse piston.

3. The multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing equipment for CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first screw is rotatably installed inside the sliding frame, the first screw is threadedly connected to the slider, one end of the first screw is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor, the second motor is fixedly installed on the sliding frame, and a limit rod is symmetrically installed at the bottom end of the sliding frame. A limit ring groove is provided at the top of the base, and the limit rod is located on the inner side of the limit ring groove. The middle part of the bottom end of the sliding frame is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor, the first motor is installed at the bottom end of the base, and the output shaft of the first motor is coaxially arranged with the rotating sphere.

4. The multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing equipment for CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle fixing part includes a longitudinal groove longitudinally opened inside the rotating sphere, a connecting groove is opened at the bottom end of the longitudinal groove, and the connecting groove extends to the inside of the top groove, a second suction cup is installed on the inner top wall of the top groove, and the bottom wall of the second suction cup is tightly attached to the top wall of the top connecting plate, a longitudinal rod is movably installed inside the longitudinal groove, a bottom piston is installed at the bottom end of the longitudinal rod, and the outer wall of the bottom piston is tightly attached to the inner wall of the longitudinal groove, a guide groove is opened on one side of the longitudinal groove, a guide plate is installed on one side of the longitudinal rod, the guide plate is slidably connected to the guide groove, a second screw is rotatably installed inside the guide groove, the second screw is threadedly connected to the guide plate, the second screw is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor, and the third motor is installed inside the rotating sphere.

5. The multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing equipment for CNC machine tools according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top end of the longitudinal groove passes through the interior of the support platform, and an annular groove is provided on the support platform. The top end of the annular groove passes through the top of the support platform, and the annular groove is located below the first suction cup. An annular plate is movably installed inside the annular groove, and side grooves are provided at equal angles on the outside of the longitudinal groove. The side grooves pass through the interior of the annular groove, and connecting rods are installed at equal angles on the outside of the longitudinal rod, and the connecting rods are fixedly connected to the annular plate.

6. The multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing equipment for CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial moving part includes a sliding seat fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the base, the sliding seat is slidably mounted on the X-axis sliding module, the X-axis sliding module is used to drive the sliding seat to move along the X-axis, a Y-axis sliding module is arranged between the X-axis sliding module and the workbench, the Y-axis sliding module is used to drive the X-axis sliding module to move along the Y-axis, and the driving mode of the X-axis sliding module and the driving mode of the Y-axis sliding module are the same as the driving mode of the slider sliding in the sliding frame.

7. The control method of the multi-axis linkage adaptive clamping casting polishing equipment of a CNC machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The control method is as follows: S1. Positioning and fixing: Place the casting inside the fixed ring cover and position and clamp the casting by turning each clamping screw; S2. Position adjustment: The X-axis sliding module, Y-axis sliding module and cylinder are controlled by a computer controller to drive the casting to move along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis to control the position of the casting; S3, rotation adjustment: The computer controller controls the third motor and the first motor to drive the longitudinal rod to move upward. When the rotating ball and the limit block are fixed under negative pressure, the sliding frame is driven to rotate, and the rotating ball is driven to rotate horizontally to control the horizontal direction of the casting; S4. Angle adjustment: The computer controller controls the third motor and the first motor to drive the longitudinal rod to move back. When the rotating ball and the limit block are released, the sliding frame is driven to rotate until the length direction of the sliding frame is aligned with the tilt direction of the rotating ball. The computer controller then controls the second motor to drive the fixed sleeve to move along the sliding frame, pulling the rotating ball to rotate and tilt, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the casting. S5. Fixing: The computer controller controls the third motor to move the longitudinal rod upward, fixing the rotating sphere and the limit block under negative pressure. At the same time, the annular plate moves up and contacts the bottom wall of the first suction cup. The computer controller controls the electromagnet to energize, fixing the rotating ring cover and the support table. At the same time, the clamping rod moves toward the casting to further clamp and fix the casting. S6. Polishing: The polishing machine under the top frame is controlled by a computer controller to perform polishing work.

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