Preparation method of silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, blending a PP-zirconium phosphate silver-loaded antibacterial agent; s2, airflow conveying; s3, extruding and melting by a screw rod; s4, filtering; s5, melt blowing; and S6, carrying out air drafting to form a net. The proportion is customized according to the types of bacteria, the characteristics of different bacteria are deeply observed, and the proportion of the raw materials is specifically adjusted. The product can accurately act on target bacteria, and the antibacterial ability to common germs such as escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus is greatly improved. In the preparation process, the unique mixing technology ensures that the antibacterial agent is uniformly dispersed, and the antibacterial effect is fully exerted. From the perspective of product performance, the dissolution rate of silver ions can be effectively reduced while the powerful antibacterial effect is ensured, and the potential influence on the environment is reduced. According to the precise customization mode, an efficient and safe antibacterial product solution is provided for the fields of medical treatment, sanitation and the like with extremely high bacteria prevention and control requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven fabric preparation, and in particular to a method for preparing silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric. Background Art

[0002] In today's society, with the vigorous development of various industries, the demand for functional and environmentally friendly materials continues to rise. As a widely used material, non-woven fabrics play an important role in medical and health care, daily necessities, and industrial manufacturing. Its performance improvement has become the focus of the industry.

[0003] However, there are many problems with traditional non-woven fabrics. In terms of antibacterial, the antibacterial means are limited, and it is difficult to accurately inhibit different bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In scenarios with high hygiene requirements such as medical care and catering, it is impossible to effectively prevent and control the spread of bacteria, frequently causing health and safety hazards, and it is difficult to meet strict hygiene standards, which greatly limits its application in key areas. When compounding materials, it is difficult for traditional processes to achieve complementary advantages. Although compounding with natural fibers can improve moisture absorption and breathability, it weakens the antibacterial properties. Compounding with reinforced fibers improves mechanical properties but has poor antibacterial effects. In scenarios such as daily necessities and industrial manufacturing that require comprehensive performance, it is difficult to meet diverse needs. In terms of cost control, traditional production methods lack flexibility. Faced with fluctuations in raw material prices, it is impossible to flexibly adjust the amount of antibacterial agents used. Ensuring performance will increase costs, and controlling costs cannot guarantee quality, resulting in a decline in both corporate production efficiency and product market competitiveness.

[0004] Based on this, the present application proposes a method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. PP-zirconium phosphate silver-loaded antimicrobial agent blending: polypropylene particles and zirconium phosphate silver-loaded antimicrobial agent are added into a mixing device in a predetermined ratio for blending, and then a stirring device is used during the blending process to ensure that the two are fully and evenly mixed;

[0009] Customized ratio according to bacterial species

[0010] First, the characteristics of bacteria, including cell wall structure and metabolic mode, are analyzed, and then the ratio of PP particles and antimicrobial agents is determined based on the analysis results. Finally, the PP particles and antimicrobial agents are put into the mixing equipment according to the proportion.

[0011] Combine the properties of other materials to adjust the compound ratio

[0012] First, a material is selected, and its moisture absorption and air permeability characteristics are fully considered according to different materials, the proportion of PP particles is reasonably reduced, and the ratio of zirconium phosphate silver ion antibacterial agent to PP particles is adjusted. At the same time, according to its enhanced mechanical properties, the appropriate ratio of PP particles, zirconium phosphate silver ion antibacterial agent and reinforcing fiber is determined to achieve an optimized combination of product performance;

[0013] Use gradient ratio technology to adjust the ratio

[0014] First, the cost and performance dynamic evaluation model is used to monitor the production status in real time. When the price of zirconium phosphate-supported silver ion antibacterial agent fluctuates or the market requirements for product antibacterial rate and other performances change, the ratio of silver ion antibacterial agent to PP particles is flexibly adjusted. Finally, the cost and performance are balanced under the premise of ensuring product quality.

[0015] S2. Air flow conveying: The mixed materials are conveyed to the feed port of the screw extruder by an air flow conveying device. The air flow conveying speed is kept stable to ensure that the materials are conveyed stably, continuously and without blockage. The disturbance of the air flow during the conveying process further promotes the loosening and preliminary mixing of the materials.

[0016] S3, screw extrusion melting: After the material enters the screw extruder, it is melted and extruded forward under the rotation of the screw. The screw speed is set within a reasonable range. The temperature of each section of the extruder increases in sequence, gradually rising from the appropriate temperature of the feed section to the appropriate temperature of the die head, so that the material is completely melted and forms a uniform melt, ensuring that the melt has good fluidity and plasticity for subsequent molding processing;

[0017] S4, filtration: The filtered pure melt enters the melt-blowing die head. Under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the melt is extruded from the spinneret hole to form a thin stream. The melt-blowing temperature is controlled in a suitable range, and the spinneret hole diameter is an adapted size. At the same time, high-speed hot air flow is configured on both sides of the spinneret hole to stretch and refine the melt thin stream. The hot air temperature is in an appropriate range, and the air flow speed reaches a certain requirement, so that the melt thin stream is quickly cooled and solidified under the action of air stretching to form ultrafine fibers;

[0018] S5, meltblowing: the filtered pure melt enters the meltblowing die head. Under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the melt is extruded from the spinneret hole to form a thin stream. The meltblowing temperature is controlled in a suitable range, and the spinneret hole diameter is an adapted size. At the same time, high-speed hot air flow is configured on both sides of the spinneret hole to stretch and refine the melt thin stream. The hot air temperature is in an appropriate range, and the air flow speed meets certain requirements, so that the melt thin stream is quickly cooled and solidified under the action of air stretching to form ultrafine fibers;

[0019] S6, airflow drawing and web forming: the ultrafine fibers formed by meltblowing drawing are evenly spread and entangled with each other into a web under the action of the airflow drawing and web forming device below. The process parameters of airflow drawing and web forming include: the main drawing airflow speed, the auxiliary drawing airflow speed, and the web curtain speed all need to be adjusted to the appropriate range. By reasonably adjusting these parameters, it is ensured that the uniformity, gram weight and physical and mechanical properties of the fiber web meet the non-woven fabric product standards, and finally the silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric is obtained.

[0020] Preferably, step S1 includes customizing the ratio according to the bacterial species, first by analyzing the bacterial characteristics, including cell wall structure and metabolic mode, and then determining the ratio of PP particles and antimicrobial agent based on the analysis results, and finally adding the PP particles and antimicrobial agent in proportion to the mixing device.

[0021] Preferably, step S1 includes preparing the composite ratio in combination with the properties of other materials, firstly selecting a material, fully considering its moisture absorption and breathability properties according to different materials, reasonably reducing the proportion of PP particles, and adjusting the ratio of zirconium phosphate-loaded silver ion antibacterial agent to PP particles. At the same time, according to the characteristics of enhanced mechanical properties, determining the appropriate ratio of PP particles, zirconium phosphate-loaded silver ion antibacterial agent and reinforcing fiber to achieve an optimized combination of product performance.

[0022] Preferably, step S1 includes adjusting the ratio by using a gradient ratio technology, firstly using a cost and performance dynamic evaluation model to monitor the production status in real time, and flexibly adjusting the ratio of the zirconium phosphate-supported silver ion antibacterial agent to the PP particles when the price fluctuates or the market requirements for product antibacterial rate and other performance requirements change, and finally balancing the cost and performance while ensuring product quality.

[0023] Preferably, in step S2, the mixing equipment is a twin-screw conical mixer, and its internal structure design should ensure good turning and shearing effects of the materials during the mixing process to improve the mixing efficiency and uniformity.

[0024] Preferably, in step S3, the screw extruder adopts a barrier-type screw, whose special screw structure can enhance the plasticization and mixing effects on the material, further improve the melt quality, reduce the residence time of the material in the machine body, and prevent material degradation.

[0025] Preferably, in step S4, the filtering device adopts a multi-layer stainless steel filter combination structure, the filter mesh number increases step by step from the feed end to the discharge end, and is reasonably configured according to the distribution law of melt impurity particle size to achieve efficient and accurate filtration.

[0026] Preferably, in step S5, the angle between the meltblowing die head and the hot air flow is adjustable within a suitable range so as to optimize the forming effect and distribution state of the meltblown fibers according to different product requirements.

[0027] Preferably, in step S6, the airflow stretching web-forming device is equipped with a real-time monitoring system for monitoring key parameters such as uniformity and grammage of the fiber web, and is linked with the control system to achieve automated process parameter adjustment to ensure the stability of product quality.

[0028] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. By customizing the ratio according to the type of bacteria, we can gain in-depth insights into the characteristics of different bacteria and adjust the raw material ratio in a targeted manner. This enables the product to act accurately on the target bacteria, greatly improving the antibacterial ability against common pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. During the preparation process, the unique mixing process ensures that the antibacterial agent is evenly dispersed and fully exerts its antibacterial effect. From the perspective of product performance, while ensuring strong antibacterial effects, it can also effectively reduce the dissolution rate of silver ions and reduce potential impacts on the environment. This precise customization method provides efficient and safe antibacterial product solutions for fields such as medical care and hygiene that have extremely high requirements for bacterial prevention and control.

[0030] 2. Combine the characteristics of other materials to adjust the compounding ratio, fully explore the advantages of different materials and organically integrate them. Compounding with natural fibers can improve the air permeability of the product, making the product more suitable for personal items such as sanitary products and clothing, while ensuring good antibacterial properties and greatly improving the comfort of users. This compounding method enables the product to achieve an excellent balance in antibacterial properties, physical properties and other aspects, greatly expanding the application range of the product and meeting the diverse needs of different industries.

[0031] 3. Use gradient ratio technology to adjust the ratio, and reasonably reduce the amount of antimicrobial agents while ensuring the antimicrobial performance, qualified rate and other key performance indicators of the product meet the standards, effectively reducing production costs. At the same time, in terms of product performance, through this dynamic adjustment, the product shows good stability in long-term use, ensuring the reliability of long-term use and maximizing cost-effectiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of a method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a line graph of periodic changes in friction coefficient of various embodiments and comparative examples of the method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0035] A method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1, PP-zirconium phosphate silver-loaded antibacterial agent blending:

[0037] The polypropylene particles and the zirconium phosphate silver ion antibacterial agent are added to a twin-screw conical mixer in a predetermined ratio for blending. During blending, a stirring device is used to ensure that the two are fully and evenly mixed. The mixing time and mixing temperature are precisely controlled so that the zirconium phosphate silver ion antibacterial agent is evenly dispersed between the PP particles. The zirconium phosphate here acts as a stable silver ion carrier, carrying silver ions, and its silver ion loading is within a reasonable range, so that the silver ions can be slowly released during subsequent processing and use of the finished product, thereby exerting a lasting antibacterial effect;

[0038] Customized ratio according to bacterial species: Through in-depth analysis of the cell wall structure and metabolic characteristics of various bacteria, the precise ratio of PP particles and zirconium phosphate-loaded silver ion antibacterial agent can be determined in a targeted manner. This can ensure that the non-woven fabric can exert the best antibacterial effect on different bacteria, improve the antibacterial targeting and effectiveness of the product, avoid the blindness of the antibacterial effect, and meet the antibacterial needs in different bacterial infection scenarios;

[0039] Adjust the compounding ratio in combination with the characteristics of other materials: When the product needs to be compounded with natural fibers, the moisture absorption and breathability characteristics of natural fibers will be fully considered, so the proportion of PP particles will be reasonably reduced, and the ratio of zirconium phosphate silver ion antibacterial agent to PP particles will be adjusted accordingly, so that the product has good antibacterial properties and can give full play to the advantages of natural fibers. When compounded with high-strength synthetic fibers, the appropriate ratio of PP particles, zirconium phosphate silver ion antibacterial agent and reinforcing fibers is determined based on the characteristics of enhanced mechanical properties to achieve comprehensive performance optimization of the product, so that the product has antibacterial properties and mechanical properties that can meet the corresponding use requirements, thereby broadening the application range of the product;

[0040] Use gradient ratio technology to adjust the ratio: Use the cost and performance dynamic evaluation model to monitor the production status in real time. Once the price of zirconium phosphate silver ion antibacterial agent fluctuates, or the market has new requirements for product antibacterial rate and other performance, the ratio of zirconium phosphate silver ion antibacterial agent to PP particles can be flexibly adjusted. Under the premise of ensuring product quality, this adjustment helps to balance cost and performance, avoid problems such as excessive product cost or substandard performance caused by fluctuations in raw material prices or changes in market demand, and enhance the adaptability and competitiveness of products under different market conditions.

[0041] S2. Air flow transportation:

[0042] The mixed materials in S1 are conveyed to the feed port of the screw extruder by an air flow conveying device. The air flow conveying speed is kept stable to ensure the stable, continuous and unblocked conveying of the materials. During the conveying process, the disturbance of the air flow further promotes the loosening and preliminary mixing of the materials. The stable air flow conveying method is adopted to ensure the continuity of the material conveying process, provide stable material input for the subsequent screw extrusion melting, and at the same time, the preliminary loosening and mixing of the materials will help the subsequent processing procedures to be carried out better, laying the foundation for the formation of a uniform melt.

[0043] S3, screw extrusion melting:

[0044] After the material enters the screw extruder with a barrier screw, the screw speed is set within a reasonable range, and the temperature of each section of the extruder gradually rises from the appropriate temperature of the feed section to the appropriate temperature of the die head, and the material is melted and extruded forward under the rotation of the screw. The special structure of the barrier screw of the screw extruder can enhance the plasticization and mixing effect of the material, improve the melt quality, reduce the residence time of the material in the machine body, prevent material degradation, ensure that the material can be completely melted to form a uniform melt, and provide materials with good fluidity and plasticity for subsequent molding processing, ensure product quality and performance, and avoid product quality degradation due to material degradation.

[0045] S4. Filtering:

[0046] The filter device adopts a multi-layer stainless steel filter combination structure. The number of filter meshes increases step by step from the feed end to the discharge end. It is reasonably configured according to the distribution law of the impurity particle size in the melt to filter the melt from S3 efficiently and accurately. This filter structure can effectively remove impurities and unmelted particles in the melt, ensure the purity of the melt entering the meltblowing die head, prevent impurities from adversely affecting the quality and performance of subsequent products, and ensure the purity and stability of the product.

[0047] S5, meltblown:

[0048] The filtered pure melt enters the meltblowing die head. Under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the melt is extruded from the spinneret hole of suitable size to form a thin stream. The meltblowing temperature is controlled in a suitable range. At the same time, high-speed hot air flow is configured on both sides of the spinneret hole to stretch and refine the melt thin stream. The hot air temperature is in an appropriate range, and the air flow speed meets certain requirements. The angle between the meltblowing die head and the hot air flow is adjustable. This angle can be adjusted according to the requirements of different products, so that the melt thin stream is quickly cooled and solidified under the action of air stretching to form ultrafine fibers, which can optimize the molding effect and distribution state of the meltblown fiber, ensure that the fiber structure of the product is uniform and fine, and improve the performance and appearance quality of the product.

[0049] S6, air flow drawing into web:

[0050] The ultrafine fibers formed by melt-blowing drawing are evenly spread and entangled with each other into a web under the action of the airflow drawing and web-forming device below. By adjusting the process parameters of airflow drawing and web-forming, including the main drawing airflow speed, auxiliary drawing airflow speed, and web curtain speed, to the appropriate range, it is ensured that the uniformity, gram weight, and physical and mechanical properties of the fiber web meet the non-woven product standards. In addition, the real-time monitoring system equipped with the airflow drawing and web-forming device will monitor the key parameters such as the uniformity and gram weight of the fiber web, and work in conjunction with the control system to achieve automated process parameter adjustment, thereby ensuring the stability of product quality, making the final silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric of reliable quality, meeting the market's requirements for product quality, and improving product consistency and pass rate.

[0051] Embodiment 1:

[0052] Step 1: PP-zirconium phosphate silver-loaded antibacterial agent blending:

[0053] Customized ratio according to bacterial species

[0054] For Gram-negative bacteria (such as Escherichia coli) that are prone to cause serious infections, accurately weigh an appropriate amount of polypropylene (PP) particles and zirconium phosphate silver ion antibacterial agent, and put them into a twin-screw conical mixer at a mass ratio of 1:7. The two inclined screws of the mixer combine the rotation and revolution to form a triple mixing effect of convection circulation, which can effectively avoid mixing dead corners. When mixing, turn on the stirring device and stir it thoroughly at a speed of 30 revolutions per minute. Mix the materials at a constant temperature of 180°C for 30 minutes to ensure that the zirconium phosphate silver antibacterial agent is evenly dispersed between the PP particles, thereby laying the foundation for the subsequent preparation of non-woven fabrics with good antibacterial effects on Gram-negative bacteria. For common Gram-positive bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus), the ratio of the two is adjusted to 1:10 for blending, and other conditions remain unchanged.

[0055] Step 2: Airflow conveying:

[0056] The mixed materials are transported to the feed port of the screw extruder by air flow conveying device, and the air flow conveying speed is kept stable at 15m / s. The air flow conveying system consists of feeding equipment, conveying pipelines, material-gas separation equipment, air source and purification equipment, etc. During the conveying process, the materials are in the air with a certain speed, and the flowing air is used to drive the movement of the materials, which not only ensures the stable, continuous and non-blocking conveying of the materials, but also further promotes the loosening and preliminary mixing of the materials through the disturbance of the air flow.

[0057] Step 3: Screw extrusion melting:

[0058] After the material enters the screw extruder with a barrier screw, it is melted and extruded forward under the rotation of the screw. The screw speed is set to 300r / min, and the extruder gradually heats up from 180℃ in the feed section to 240℃ in the die head. In this process, the material is gradually heated and completely melted to form a uniform melt, ensuring that the melt has good fluidity and plasticity for subsequent molding processing.

[0059] Step 4: Filter:

[0060] The filtering device adopts a multi-layer stainless steel filter combination structure. The mesh number of the filter increases step by step from the feed end to the discharge end. For example, the feed end is 80 mesh, the middle is 100 mesh, and the discharge end is 120 mesh. The melt is efficiently and accurately filtered to effectively remove impurities and unmelted particles, so that the filtered pure melt enters the meltblown die head.

[0061] Step 5: Meltblown:

[0062] Under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the melt is extruded from a spinneret with a diameter of 0.3 mm to form a fine flow, and the melt-blowing temperature is controlled at 260°C. At the same time, high-speed hot air flow is configured on both sides of the spinneret to stretch and refine the melt flow. The hot air temperature is 300°C and the air flow speed is 1000m / min. Under the stretching action of the hot air, the melt flow quickly cools and solidifies to form ultrafine fibers.

[0063] Step 6: Airflow drawing into a web:

[0064] The ultrafine fibers formed by melt-blown drawing are evenly spread and entangled into a web under the action of the airflow drawing and web-forming device below. The main drawing airflow speed is 30m / s, the auxiliary drawing airflow speed is 15m / s, and the web curtain speed is 2m / min. By reasonably adjusting these parameters, it is ensured that the uniformity, gram weight and physical and mechanical properties of the fiber web meet the non-woven fabric product standards, and finally a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric with specific antibacterial properties against different bacteria is obtained.

[0065] It should be noted that the ratio used in step one is customized according to the type of bacteria. As shown in Table 1, for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, PP-zirconium phosphate silver-loaded antibacterial agent ratios of 1:7 and 1:10 are used respectively. Comparative Example 1 adopts a unified ratio of 1:10, and Comparative Example 2 adopts a unified ratio of 1:15. The data show that the antibacterial rate of Example 1 against Escherichia coli is 99.5%, which is significantly higher than 90.2% of Comparative Example 1 and 80.5% of Comparative Example 2; the antibacterial rate against Staphylococcus aureus is 96.3%, Comparative Example 1 is 96.8%, and Comparative Example 2 is 90.6%. In terms of the residual amount of silver ions in the soil, Example 1 is 20.6 mg / kg, Comparative Example 1 is 25.3 mg / kg, and Comparative Example 2 is 30.1 mg / kg. The embodiment is relatively lower, indicating that it has advantages in antibacterial performance and environmental friendliness.

[0066] Table 1: Comparison of antibacterial and residual properties of customized silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabrics

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] Embodiment 2:

[0070] Step 1: PP-zirconium phosphate silver-loaded antibacterial agent blending:

[0071] Combine the properties of other materials to adjust the compound ratio

[0072] When used in combination with 30% natural fibers with moisture absorption and breathability, the proportion of PP particles is appropriately reduced, and the ratio of zirconium phosphate silver ion antibacterial agent to PP particles is increased to 1:9, and then put into a twin-screw conical mixer. During mixing, the stirring device is used to fully stir at a speed of 30 revolutions per minute, the mixing time is set to 30 minutes, and the mixing temperature is controlled at 180°C to ensure uniform mixing, so that the antibacterial agent can better play an antibacterial role and compensate for the influence of natural fibers on the antibacterial effect of silver ions. If compounded with high-strength synthetic fibers with enhanced mechanical properties, PP particles, zirconium phosphate silver ion antibacterial agent and reinforcing fibers are put into the mixer at a mass ratio of 8:1:1 for blending, and other mixing conditions remain unchanged.

[0073] S2, air flow conveying: Same as in Example 1, the mixed materials are conveyed to the feed port of the screw extruder by using an air flow conveying device, and the air flow conveying speed is maintained at 15m / s. The working principle of the air flow conveying system is to use the high-speed flow of air in a closed pipeline to suspend the materials in the air flow and transport them to the destination. In this process, the disturbance of the air flow further promotes the loosening and preliminary mixing of the materials.

[0074] S3, screw extrusion melting: As in Example 1, after the material enters the screw extruder with a barrier screw, it is melted and extruded forward under the rotation of the screw. The screw speed is set to 300r / min, and the extruder is gradually heated from 180°C in the feed section to 240°C in the die head, so that the material is completely melted and forms a uniform melt, ensuring that the melt has good fluidity and plasticity for subsequent molding processing.

[0075] S4. Filtration: As in the first embodiment, a filtration device with a multi-layer stainless steel filter combination structure is used, and the mesh size of the filter increases step by step from the feed end to the discharge end, so that the melt is efficiently and accurately filtered, so that the filtered pure melt enters the meltblowing die head.

[0076] S5, melt-blowing: Same as in Example 1, under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the melt is extruded from the spinneret hole to form a thin stream, the melt-blowing temperature is controlled at 260°C, the spinneret hole diameter is 0.3mm, and high-speed hot air flow is arranged on both sides of the spinneret hole to stretch and thin the melt thin stream. The hot air temperature is 300°C, and the air flow velocity is 1000m / min, so that the melt thin stream is rapidly cooled and solidified under the action of air stretching to form ultrafine fibers.

[0077] S6, airflow drawing and web formation: Same as in Example 1, the ultrafine fibers formed by meltblowing drawing are evenly spread and entangled with each other to form a web under the action of the airflow drawing and web formation device below. The main drawing airflow velocity is 30m / s, the auxiliary drawing airflow velocity is 15m / s, and the web curtain velocity is 2m / min. By reasonably adjusting these parameters, the uniformity, gram weight and physical and mechanical properties of the fiber web meet the non-woven fabric product standards, and finally a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric with good comprehensive performance combined with other material characteristics is obtained.

[0078] It should be noted that in step one, the compounding ratio is adjusted in combination with other material properties. As shown in Table 2, when compounded with 30% natural fiber, the ratio of antibacterial agent to PP particles is set to 1:9, and when compounded with reinforcing fiber, it is blended at a ratio of 8:1:1. Comparative Example 1 contains 30% natural fiber but is conventionally mixed at a ratio of 1:12, and Comparative Example 2 contains reinforcing fiber but is conventionally mixed at a ratio of 1:10:1. It can be seen from the data that when containing natural fiber, the antibacterial rate of the product of Example 2 is 92.7%, which is higher than 85.5% of Comparative Example 1 and 80.6% of Comparative Example 2; when containing reinforcing fiber, the tensile strength of the product of Example 2 reaches 80.3MPa, Comparative Example 1 is 65.9MPa, and Comparative Example 2 is 70.4MPa, and the antibacterial rate of Example 2 is 93.0%, which is also higher than 90.0% of Comparative Example 1 and 88.0% of Comparative Example 2, reflecting the advantages of the embodiment in improving comprehensive performance.

[0079] Table 2: Performance comparison of composite silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabrics

[0080]

[0081] Embodiment three:

[0082] Step 1: PP-zirconium phosphate silver-loaded antibacterial agent blending:

[0083] Use gradient ratio technology to adjust the ratio

[0084] During the production process, the cost and performance dynamic evaluation model is established for real-time monitoring. According to different cost and performance requirements, the gradient ratio technology is used to adjust the ratio of zirconium phosphate-loaded silver ion antibacterial agent to PP particles.

[0085] When the price of zirconium phosphate silver ion antibacterial agent rises, under the premise of ensuring that the basic antibacterial performance of the product meets the standard, the ratio of it to PP particles is adjusted to 1:9 in the initial stage. As the price continues to rise and reaches a certain level, the ratio is gradually reduced to 1:11 and put into the twin-screw conical mixer for blending.

[0086] When the market requirement for the product's antibacterial rate is raised from 90% to 95%, the ratio of antibacterial agent to PP particles is first increased to 1:10. After a period of production observation, if the antibacterial effect is still not fully up to standard, the ratio is further adjusted to 1:9 for blending. During mixing, the stirring device is used to fully stir at a speed of 30 revolutions per minute, the mixing time is set to 30 minutes, and the mixing temperature is controlled at 180°C.

[0087] Step 2: Airflow conveying:

[0088] As in Example 1, an air flow conveying device is used to convey the mixed material to the feed port of the screw extruder. The air flow conveying speed is maintained at 15 m / s to ensure stable, continuous and unblocked conveying of the material. The disturbance of the air flow during the conveying process further promotes the loosening and preliminary mixing of the material.

[0089] Step 3: Screw extrusion melting:

[0090] As in Example 1, after the material enters the screw extruder with a barrier screw, it is melted and extruded forward under the rotation of the screw. The screw speed is set to 300r / min, and the extruder is gradually heated from 180°C in the feed section to 240°C in the die head, so that the material is completely melted and forms a uniform melt, ensuring that the melt has good fluidity and plasticity for subsequent molding processing.

[0091] Step 4: Filter:

[0092] Similar to the first embodiment, a filtering device with a multi-layer stainless steel filter combination structure is used, and the filter mesh number increases step by step from the feed end to the discharge end, so that the melt is efficiently and accurately filtered, so that the filtered pure melt enters the meltblowing die head.

[0093] Step 5: Meltblown:

[0094] As in Example 1, under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the melt is extruded from the spinneret hole to form a thin stream, the melt-blowing temperature is controlled at 260°C, the spinneret hole diameter is 0.3 mm, and high-speed hot air flow is arranged on both sides of the spinneret hole to stretch and thin the melt thin stream. The hot air temperature is 300°C, and the air flow velocity is 1000m / min, so that the melt thin stream is rapidly cooled and solidified under the action of air stretching to form ultrafine fibers.

[0095] Step 6: Airflow drawing into a web:

[0096] As in Example 1, the ultrafine fibers formed by melt-blowing drawing are evenly spread and entangled with each other to form a web under the action of the airflow drawing web-forming device below. The main drawing airflow velocity is 30m / s, the auxiliary drawing airflow velocity is 15m / s, and the web curtain velocity is 2m / min. By reasonably adjusting these parameters, it is ensured that the uniformity, gram weight and physical and mechanical properties of the fiber web meet the non-woven fabric product standards, and finally a silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric with different cost and performance requirements is obtained.

[0097] It should be noted that in step one, a gradient method is used to adjust the ratio of the antibacterial agent to the PP particles. Comparative Example 1 is a fixed ratio of 1:10, and Comparative Example 2 is a fixed ratio of 1:12. In terms of product qualification rate (when the antibacterial rate is 95%), Example 3 reaches 95.5%, Comparative Example 1 is 85.8%, and Comparative Example 2 is 75.2%; in terms of the reduction ratio of the amount of antibacterial agent used, Example 3 can be reduced by 20%, while Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have no reduction; in terms of the time to reach an antibacterial rate of 95%, Example 3 only takes 3 hours, Comparative Example 1 takes 5 hours, and Comparative Example 2 takes 7 hours. This shows that Example 3 has more advantages in cost control, production efficiency and product quality assurance.

[0098] Table 3: Performance and efficiency comparison of gradient silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabrics

[0099]

[0100] Specifically, as shown in Table 4, in terms of the initial air permeability of the product, Example 1 has its own unique features in basic material selection and internal structure construction by virtue of its unique process of customizing the proportion of bacterial species. Its precise control of material mixing, processing temperature and airflow control enables the product to form a pore structure that is conducive to gas circulation, thereby obtaining 80.25L / (m 2 Example 2 By combining the properties of other materials to adjust the compounding ratio, when compounding with natural fiber or reinforced fiber, although the air permeability changes due to the adjustment of material properties, it still remains at a relatively high level, such as 75.20L / (m 2 ·s), and 70.15L / (m 2 ·s). This is because the gas channel is optimized as much as possible while ensuring the composite performance of the material. Example 3 adopts gradient ratio technology, dynamically adjusts according to cost and performance, and comprehensively optimizes each link in the entire production process, and the final air permeability reaches 78.30L / (m 2 ·s). Comparative Examples 1 and 2 use fixed ratios, without considering the dynamic changes in material properties and actual production needs. The material selection and processing technology are relatively conventional, resulting in air permeability significantly lower than that of the embodiment, which are 60.05L / (m 2 ·s) and 55.10L / (m2 ·s).

[0101] Specifically, from the analysis of the product's puncture resistance, in the process of customizing the ratio according to the bacterial species in Example 1, the basic material may have been optimized or modified, which enhanced the toughness and strength of the material itself, so that the puncture resistance reached 80.35N. When Example 2 is compounded with the reinforcing fiber, the reinforcing fiber plays a good skeleton support role in the material matrix through the carefully adjusted composite ratio. When subjected to puncture force, it can effectively disperse the stress and greatly improve the puncture resistance to 85.50N. Example 3 uses gradient ratio technology. Under different cost and performance requirements, by optimizing the material blending ratio and the entire production process, the internal structure of the product is made denser, and the puncture resistance is synergistically improved to 83.25N. Due to the fixed ratio, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 cannot flexibly adjust the material properties according to actual needs. The bonding strength between the materials and the stability of the internal structure are insufficient, and the puncture resistance is only 70.00N and 65.75N.

[0102] Specifically, in terms of the silver ion dissolution rate, Example 1 customizes different ratios according to the type of bacteria, and specifically designs the combination mode of the silver ion antibacterial agent and the PP particles and the carrier environment, so that the silver ions can be dissolved at a stable rate of 0.052 mg / L·h. In Example 2, when combining the composite ratio with other material properties, the influence of different materials on the release of silver ions is fully considered, and the silver ion dissolution rate is controlled at 0.042 mg / L·h when containing natural fibers. Example 3 uses gradient ratio technology to dynamically adjust the antibacterial agent ratio according to cost and performance, while ensuring the antibacterial effect, the release environment of silver ions is optimized, and the dissolution rate is 0.045 mg / L·h. Comparative Examples 1 and 2 use fixed ratios, which cannot accurately control the release of silver ions, resulting in higher dissolution rates of 0.060 mg / L·h and 0.070 mg / L·h, respectively, which may not only cause excessive consumption of silver ions and affect antibacterial persistence, but also may bring potential health and environmental risks.

[0103] Table 4: Comparison of product performance differences based on different mixing technologies

[0104]

[0105] Further, such as Figure 2As shown, Example 1 customizes the ratio according to the bacterial species. From the line graph data, its friction coefficient is 0.25 at 2 months, and stabilizes at 0.24 at 4-6 months. This is due to the efficient mixing of the twin-screw conical mixer, which makes the materials evenly dispersed, laying the foundation for stable friction performance. It rose to 0.26 at 8 months, which may be affected by slight changes in the subsequent processing or test environment, but it dropped to 0.23 and 0.21 at 10-12 months, which is much lower than the (0.35-0.37) of Comparative Example 1 and the (0.4-0.44) of Comparative Example 2. This shows that Example 1 can maintain a low and relatively stable friction coefficient in long-term use through precise raw material ratios and uniform mixing processes, effectively reducing friction losses. This is related to the strict control of material mixing and processing in this embodiment, ensuring the stability of the product structure, and is suitable for application scenarios with high stability requirements.

[0106] Furthermore, Figure 2 As shown, Example 2 combines the properties of other materials to adjust the composite ratio. The friction coefficient is 0.23 at 2 months, 0.24 at 4 months, the same as Example 1, and drops to 0.21 at 6 months, reflecting that its structure containing natural fibers begins to play a role and affects the friction performance. It rebounded to 0.26 at 8 months, fell back to 0.24 at 10 months, and dropped to 0.17 at 12 months. The fluctuation is relatively large, but it is lower than the control example as a whole. This is because after being compounded with natural fibers, the internal structure of the material is more complex, and the adaptation and self-adjustment to the environment at different stages lead to fluctuations in the friction coefficient. For example, under different humidity or temperature environments, the moisture absorption or thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of natural fibers may affect the overall structure and thus change the friction coefficient. But it is precisely because of the adaptive ability of this structure that the product can still maintain a low friction coefficient in a complex and changeable environment, making it suitable for applications in complex environments.

[0107] Furthermore, Figure 2 As shown, Example 3 uses gradient ratio technology to adjust the ratio according to cost and performance requirements. It was 0.24 at 2 months, and dropped to 0.22 at 4 months. It may be that after the ratio was adjusted in the initial stage, the internal structure of the material was still adapting and optimizing. It rose to 0.25 in 6 months, dropped to 0.23 in 8-10 months, and then rose to 0.27. It dropped to a minimum of 0.16 in 12 months, which was lower than the control ratio throughout the process and finally reached the lowest value. This shows the optimization effect of its process on the product structure during long-term use. The early fluctuations are the manifestation of structural adjustment, and the extremely low friction coefficient can be achieved in the end. It shows that through the gradient ratio technology, while ensuring the antibacterial properties of the product, the friction performance is also effectively optimized, which is especially suitable for scenarios with strict requirements for low friction performance after long-term use.

[0108] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. PP-zirconium phosphate silver-loaded antimicrobial agent blending: polypropylene particles and zirconium phosphate silver-loaded antimicrobial agent are added into a mixing device in a predetermined ratio for blending, and then a stirring device is used during the blending process to ensure that the two are fully and evenly mixed; S2. Air flow conveying: The mixed materials are conveyed to the feed port of the screw extruder by an air flow conveying device. The air flow conveying speed is kept stable to ensure that the materials are conveyed stably, continuously and without blockage. The disturbance of the air flow during the conveying process further promotes the loosening and preliminary mixing of the materials. S3, screw extrusion melting: After the material enters the screw extruder, it is melted and extruded forward under the rotation of the screw. The screw speed is set within a reasonable range. The temperature of each section of the extruder increases in sequence, gradually rising from the appropriate temperature of the feed section to the appropriate temperature of the die head, so that the material is completely melted and forms a uniform melt, ensuring that the melt has good fluidity and plasticity for subsequent molding processing; S4, filtration: The filtered pure melt enters the melt-blowing die head. Under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the melt is extruded from the spinneret hole to form a thin stream. The melt-blowing temperature is controlled in a suitable range, and the spinneret hole diameter is an adapted size. At the same time, high-speed hot air flow is configured on both sides of the spinneret hole to stretch and refine the melt thin stream. The hot air temperature is in an appropriate range, and the air flow speed reaches a certain requirement, so that the melt thin stream is quickly cooled and solidified under the action of air stretching to form ultrafine fibers; S5, meltblowing: the filtered pure melt enters the meltblowing die head. Under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the melt is extruded from the spinneret hole to form a thin stream. The meltblowing temperature is controlled in a suitable range, and the spinneret hole diameter is an adapted size. At the same time, high-speed hot air flow is configured on both sides of the spinneret hole to stretch and refine the melt thin stream. The hot air temperature is in an appropriate range, and the air flow speed meets certain requirements, so that the melt thin stream is quickly cooled and solidified under the action of air stretching to form ultrafine fibers; S6. Airflow drawing and web forming: The ultrafine fibers formed by meltblowing drawing are evenly spread and entangled with each other into a web under the action of the airflow drawing and web forming device below. The process parameters of airflow drawing and web forming include: the main drawing airflow speed, the auxiliary drawing airflow speed, and the web curtain speed all need to be adjusted to the appropriate range. By reasonably adjusting these parameters, it is ensured that the uniformity, gram weight and physical and mechanical properties of the fiber web meet the non-woven fabric product standards, and finally the silver ion antibacterial non-woven fabric is obtained.

2. The method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 includes customizing the ratio according to the bacterial species, firstly analyzing the bacterial characteristics, including cell wall structure and metabolic mode, and then determining the ratio of PP particles and antimicrobial agent according to the analysis results, and finally adding the PP particles and antimicrobial agent in proportion to the mixing device.

3. The method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 includes preparing the composite ratio in combination with the characteristics of other materials. First, a material is selected, and its moisture absorption and breathability characteristics are fully considered according to different materials, the proportion of PP particles is reasonably reduced, and the ratio of zirconium phosphate-supported silver ion antibacterial agent to PP particles is adjusted. At the same time, according to the characteristics of enhanced mechanical properties, the appropriate ratio of PP particles, zirconium phosphate-supported silver ion antibacterial agent and reinforcing fiber is determined to achieve an optimized combination of product performance.

4. The method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the gradient ratio technology is used to adjust the ratio. First, the cost and performance dynamic evaluation model is used to monitor the production status in real time. When the price of the zirconium phosphate-supported silver ion antibacterial agent fluctuates or the market requirements for the product's antibacterial rate and other performance requirements change, the ratio of the zirconium phosphate-supported silver ion antibacterial agent to the PP particles is flexibly adjusted. Finally, the cost and performance are balanced under the premise of ensuring product quality.

5. The method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the mixing equipment is a twin-screw conical mixer, and its internal structure design should ensure good turning and shearing effects of the materials during the mixing process to improve the mixing efficiency and uniformity.

6. The method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the screw extruder adopts a barrier-type screw, and its special screw structure can enhance the plasticization and mixing effects on the material, further improve the melt quality, reduce the residence time of the material in the machine body, and prevent material degradation.

7. The method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the filtering device adopts a multi-layer stainless steel filter combination structure, and the filter mesh number increases step by step from the feed end to the discharge end, and is reasonably configured according to the distribution law of the melt impurity particle size to achieve efficient and accurate filtration.

8. The method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, the angle between the meltblowing die head and the hot air flow can be adjusted within a suitable range so as to optimize the forming effect and distribution state of the meltblown fibers according to different product requirements.

9. The method for preparing a silver ion antibacterial nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the airflow drafting web-forming device is equipped with a real-time monitoring system for monitoring key parameters such as uniformity and grammage of the fiber web, and is linked with the control system to achieve automated process parameter adjustment to ensure the stability of product quality.

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