Forward and reverse circulation anti-blocking tool

Abstract

A positive and negative circulation anti-blocking tool is arranged in a casing pipe in a penetrating mode and comprises a connector, an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and a sliding sleeve. A plurality of spaced through holes are formed in the side wall of the connector in the circumferential direction, and pistons moving along the axes of the through holes are arranged in the through holes. One end of the outer cylinder is connected to the outer wall of the connector, and a plurality of spaced first circulating holes are formed in the side wall in the circumferential direction; the inner cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder, one end of the inner cylinder is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the connector, a plurality of second circulating holes arranged at intervals are formed in the side wall of the inner cylinder in the circumferential direction, and the second circulating holes are aligned with the first circulating holes one by one; the sliding sleeve is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder in a sleeving mode and moves along the axis of the sliding sleeve, and when the sliding sleeve is used, the sliding sleeve separates the first circulating hole from the second circulating hole. The sliding sleeve is provided with a plurality of shear pins arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, one end of each shear pin is located in the sliding sleeve, an annular limiting groove is formed in the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and at least one part of each shear pin is located in the limiting groove. The sleeve can be flushed in time under the action of water pressure, and the influence on normal operation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling, and in particular to a forward and reverse circulation anti-sticking tool. Background Art

[0002] In the process of oil drilling or mining, mud and other materials will inevitably be produced. After a certain amount of mud and other materials accumulate, the casing will be blocked, causing the internal pressure of the casing to increase rapidly, which will affect the normal progress of subsequent work. Therefore, when the casing is blocked, it is necessary to flush the inside of the casing in time to wash away the mud and other blocking materials. As shown in the patent number CN215949431U, the solution discloses a forward and reverse flushing blowout preventer, which changes the track of the sliding sleeve by throwing a ball to perform a reverse circulation operation. After the cycle is completed, the ball is thrown again to increase the pressure, and the repeated process realizes the continuous sand flushing, pressure lifting and forward and reverse circulation well washing operations; however, in actual application, if the pressure inside the casing is too high, or the pressure inside the tool is too high due to mud blockage, it will cause the ball to be difficult to be lowered into the tool under the action of hydraulic pressure, making it difficult to perform well washing operations; and it is necessary to continuously perform the ball throwing operation and observe the pressure changes at the same time, and the operation is relatively complicated and cumbersome. In addition, this solution requires that the casing be blocked for a period of time before the flushing operation can be performed, and it is difficult to perform flushing in time when the blockage occurs, which is not conducive to the rapid progress of production operations. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned related prior arts, the present application provides a forward and reverse circulation anti-sticking tool, which can flush the casing in time under the action of water pressure, reduce the impact on normal operations, and has strong practicality.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technologies: A forward and reverse circulation anti-jamming tool is inserted into a casing and comprises a joint, an outer tube, an inner tube and a sliding sleeve.

[0005] The side wall of the joint is provided with a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and a piston is provided in the through hole and is movably arranged along its axis; one end of the outer cylinder is connected to the outer wall of the joint, and the side wall is provided with a plurality of first circulation holes arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction; the inner cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder, and one end is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the joint, and the other end protrudes out of the outer cylinder, and the side wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of second circulation holes arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the second circulation holes are aligned one by one with the first circulation holes; the sliding sleeve is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and is movably arranged along its axis, and when used, the sliding sleeve separates the first circulation hole and the second circulation hole.

[0006] Furthermore, a retaining ring is provided on the inner wall of the through hole, the piston abuts against the end face of the retaining ring, a guide column is provided on the end of the piston facing the inside of the joint, the guide column fits inside the retaining ring, the piston cross-section is concave, and a plurality of spaced-apart fan-shaped holes are provided on the bottom along the circumferential direction.

[0007] Furthermore, a plurality of spaced-apart inclined holes are provided at the end of the guide column along the circumferential direction, and the inclined holes penetrate through the side wall of the guide column.

[0008] Furthermore, a screen cover is provided in the through hole and is located outside the piston. A plurality of filter holes are evenly distributed on the top surface of the screen cover. A spring is provided between the piston and the screen cover. Both ends of the spring abut against the screen cover and the piston respectively and are always in a compressed state.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of waist-shaped holes are provided along the circumferential direction at one end of the outer tube close to the joint, and a first connecting pin is passed through the waist-shaped holes, and the first connecting pin is connected to the joint; an annular groove is provided on the outer wall of the inner tube, and at least a part of the first connecting pin is located in the annular groove.

[0010] Furthermore, a ring platform is provided on the outer wall of the inner tube away from the joint, and the ring platform cooperates with the inner wall of the outer tube. A retaining ring is provided on the end of the ring platform close to the joint. There is a gap between the outer wall of the retaining ring and the inner wall of the outer tube, and the sliding sleeve is located between the retaining ring and the joint.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of pressure transmission holes along the circumferential direction, and the pressure transmission holes are located outside the retaining ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of second connecting pins along the circumferential direction, and at least a portion of the threads of the second connecting pins are connected to the ring platform.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of pressure relief holes arranged at intervals are provided on the side wall of the inner cylinder along the circumferential direction, and the pressure relief holes and the pressure transmission holes are respectively located on both sides of the second circulation hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the sliding sleeve is provided with a plurality of shear pins arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, one end of the shear pin is located inside the sliding sleeve, an annular limiting groove is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and at least a part of the shear pin is located in the limiting groove.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by arranging a plurality of pistons that can move under the action of water pressure on the joint, when blockage occurs, the pistons are pushed open under the action of water pressure, and then the inner wall of the casing is flushed, and after the flushing is completed, the water pressure is reduced, and the pistons can be reset under the action of the spring; and when blockage occurs at the bottom of the casing, the shear pins can be cut off by water pressure, the sliding sleeve can be moved by water pressure, and then the first circulation hole and the second circulation hole are connected, so as to flush the bottom of the casing, and in both flushing modes, there is no need to perform active ball throwing and other operations, and the above operations can be automatically completed under the action of water pressure, which is more convenient and quick. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure installation of the joint and the sleeve according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of point A.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of point B.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of point C.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure installation of the piston and the screen cover according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments described in the present invention are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1 to Figure 6 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a forward and reverse circulation anti-stuck tool, which is inserted into a casing and includes: a joint 100, an outer cylinder 200, an inner cylinder 300, and a sliding sleeve 400.

[0025] The side wall of the joint 100 is provided with a plurality of through holes 101 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and a piston 102 is provided in the through hole 101 and is movable along its axis. When a positive circulation flushing operation is required, the piston 102 can be moved by water pressure to make the through hole 101 conductive, and the liquid flows from the inside of the joint 100 through the through hole 101 to the outside, thereby performing a flushing operation; one end of the outer cylinder 200 is connected to the outer wall of the joint 100, and the side wall is provided with a plurality of first circulation holes 201 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction; the inner cylinder 300 is arranged in the outer cylinder 200, and one end is threadedly connected to the inner cylinder 300. The inner wall of the joint 100 has the other end extending beyond the outer cylinder 200. The side wall of the inner cylinder 300 is provided with a plurality of second circulation holes 301 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction. The second circulation holes 301 are aligned one by one with the first circulation holes 201. The sliding sleeve 400 is sleeved between the outer cylinder 200 and the inner cylinder 300 and is movable along its axis. When the reverse circulation flushing operation is not performed, the sliding sleeve 400 separates the first circulation hole 201 and the second circulation hole 301. When the reverse circulation flushing operation is required, the sliding sleeve 400 moves to connect the first circulation hole 201 and the second circulation hole 301.

[0026] Specifically, a retaining ring 103 is provided on the inner wall of the through hole 101, and the piston 102 abuts against the end face of the retaining ring 103. A guide column 105 is provided at one end of the piston 102 facing the inside of the joint 100, and the guide column 105 is matched with the inside of the retaining ring 103. The cross section of the piston 102 is concave, and a plurality of spaced fan-shaped holes 104 are provided at the bottom along the circumferential direction. A plurality of spaced inclined holes 106 are provided at the end of the guide column 105 along the circumferential direction, and the inclined holes 106 penetrate to the side wall of the guide column 105. When the casing is blocked, the water pressure inside the casing will increase, and at this time, the water will continue to flow into the tool. When the inclined hole 106 is located outside the retaining ring 103, the liquid in the joint 100 will quickly flow out through the inclined hole 106 and accelerate the movement speed of the piston 102 until the inclined hole 106 is completely moved out of the area of ​​the retaining ring 103. At this time, the liquid will flow into the casing through the fan-shaped hole 104, thereby realizing the positive circulation flushing operation of the casing. The liquid flushed out of the joint 100 will drive the mud and sand to flow toward the wellhead.

[0027] Specifically, a screen cover 107 located on the outside of the piston 102 is provided in the through hole 101, and a plurality of filter holes 108 are evenly distributed on the top surface of the screen cover 107. The filter holes 108 are used to block the mud and sand to prevent the mud and sand in the casing from entering the joint 100. A spring 109 is provided between the piston 102 and the screen cover 107. The two ends of the spring 109 are respectively abutted against the screen cover 107 and the piston 102, and are always in a compressed state. When the piston 102 moves, one end thereof will abut against the screen cover 107, and the spring 109 will be further compressed. After flushing is completed, the water pressure gradually decreases, and the piston 102 will be reset under the action of the spring 109.

[0028] Specifically, a plurality of waist-shaped holes 202 are provided along the circumferential direction at one end of the outer cylinder 200 close to the joint 100 , and a first connecting pin 203 is passed through the waist-shaped holes 202 . The first connecting pin 203 is connected to the joint 100 to achieve the connection between the outer cylinder 200 and the joint 100 .

[0029] Specifically, the inner cylinder 300 and the joint 100 are connected by threads, and an annular groove 302 is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 300, and at least a part of the first connecting pin 203 is located in the annular groove 302, thereby reducing the possibility of loosening between the inner cylinder 300 and the joint 100.

[0030] Specifically, the sleeve 400 is provided with a plurality of shear pins 401 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, one end of the shear pin 401 is located inside the sleeve 400, and the outer wall of the inner tube 300 is provided with an annular limiting groove 303, and at least a part of the shear pin 401 is located in the limiting groove 303. When reverse circulation flushing operation is required, the shear pin 401 is cut off and the sleeve 400 is moved toward the joint 100. At this time, the first circulation hole 201 and the second circulation hole 301 will be connected, and the liquid in the casing will enter the inner tube 300, thereby performing flushing operation.

[0031] Specifically, an annular platform 304 is provided on the outer wall of the end of the inner cylinder 300 away from the joint 100, and the annular platform 304 cooperates with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 200, so that not only the inner cylinder 300 and the outer cylinder 200 are matched, but also a gap is formed between the two, which is convenient for accommodating the sliding sleeve 400, and a retaining ring 305 is provided on the end of the annular platform 304 close to the joint 100, and there is a gap between the outer wall of the retaining ring 305 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 200, and the sliding sleeve 400 is located between the retaining ring 305 and the joint 100. 00, and the outer cylinder 200 is provided with a plurality of pressure transmission holes 204 along the circumferential direction, the pressure transmission holes 204 are located on the outside of the retaining ring 305, so that when reverse circulation flushing operation is required, liquid is introduced into the space between the inner cylinder 300 and the outer cylinder 200 through the pressure transmission holes 204. As the water pressure continues to increase, the shear pin 401 will be forced to be cut off. At this time, the sliding sleeve 400 will move toward the joint 100 under the action of the water pressure, so that the first circulation hole 201 and the second circulation hole 301 are connected.

[0032] Specifically, the outer cylinder 200 is provided with a plurality of second connecting pins 205 along the circumferential direction, and at least a portion of the threads of the second connecting pins 205 are connected to the ring platform 304 to further connect the outer cylinder 200 and the inner cylinder 300, further ensuring the stability of the tool.

[0033] Specifically, the side wall of the inner cylinder 300 is provided with a plurality of pressure relief holes 306 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the pressure relief holes 306 and the pressure transmission holes 204 are respectively located on both sides of the second circulation hole 301. Since liquid will inevitably enter between the inner cylinder 300 and the outer cylinder 200, and the liquid cannot be compressed, during the movement of the sleeve 400 toward the joint 100, the liquid between the inner cylinder 300 and the outer cylinder 200 will flow out from the pressure relief holes 306, thereby ensuring the smooth movement of the sleeve 400. After the reverse circulation flushing of the bottom of the casing is completed, the liquid introduced into the casing is no longer pressurized, and the sleeve 400 will be reset under the action of gravity and the water pressure inside the tool.

[0034] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A forward and reverse cycle anti-jamming tool, which is inserted into a casing and is characterized by: include: A joint (100), wherein a side wall is provided with a plurality of through holes (101) arranged at intervals along a circumferential direction, wherein a piston (102) is provided in the through hole (101) and is movably arranged along its axis; An outer cylinder (200), one end of which is connected to the outer wall of the joint (100), and a side wall of which is provided with a plurality of first circulation holes (201) arranged at intervals along a circumferential direction; An inner cylinder (300) is arranged in the outer cylinder (200), one end of which is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the joint (100), and the other end of which protrudes out of the outer cylinder (200); a plurality of second circulation holes (301) arranged at intervals are arranged on the side wall of the inner cylinder (300) along the circumferential direction, and the second circulation holes (301) are aligned one by one with the first circulation holes (201); The sliding sleeve (400) is sleeved between the outer cylinder (200) and the inner cylinder (300) and is movably arranged along the axis thereof. When in use, the sliding sleeve (400) separates the first circulation hole (201) and the second circulation hole (301).

2. The forward and reverse cycle anti-jamming tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A retaining ring (103) is provided on the inner wall of the through hole (101), the piston (102) abuts against the end surface of the retaining ring (103), a guide column (105) is provided at one end of the piston (102) facing the inside of the joint (100), the guide column (105) fits inside the retaining ring (103), the piston (102) has a concave cross-section, and a plurality of sector-shaped holes (104) arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction are provided on the bottom.

3. The forward and reverse cycle anti-jamming tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the guide column (105) is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart inclined holes (106) along the circumferential direction, and the inclined holes (106) penetrate through the side wall of the guide column (105).

4. The forward and reverse cycle anti-jamming tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A screen cover (107) located outside the piston (102) is provided in the through hole (101); a plurality of filter holes (108) are evenly distributed on the top surface of the screen cover (107); a spring (109) is provided between the piston (102) and the screen cover (107); two ends of the spring (109) respectively abut against the screen cover (107) and the piston (102), and are always in a compressed state.

5. The forward and reverse cycle anti-jamming tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of waist-shaped holes (202) are provided along the circumferential direction at one end of the outer cylinder (200) close to the joint (100), and a first connecting pin (203) is inserted through the waist-shaped hole (202), and the first connecting pin (203) is connected to the joint (100); an annular groove (302) is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder (300), and at least a portion of the first connecting pin (203) is located in the annular groove (302).

6. The forward and reverse cycle anti-jamming tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular platform (304) is provided on the outer wall of one end of the inner cylinder (300) away from the joint (100), the annular platform (304) cooperates with the inner wall of the outer cylinder (200), a retaining ring (305) is provided on one end of the annular platform (304) close to the joint (100), a gap is provided between the outer wall of the retaining ring (305) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (200), and the sliding sleeve (400) is located between the retaining ring (305) and the joint (100); The outer cylinder (200) is provided with a plurality of pressure transmission holes (204) along the circumferential direction, and the pressure transmission holes (204) are located outside the retaining ring (305).

7. The forward and reverse cycle anti-jamming tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (200) is provided with a plurality of second connecting pins (205) along the circumferential direction, and at least a portion of the threads of the second connecting pins (205) is connected to the annular platform (304).

8. The forward and reverse cycle anti-jamming tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side wall of the inner cylinder (300) is provided with a plurality of pressure relief holes (306) arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the pressure relief holes (306) and the pressure transmission holes (204) are respectively located on both sides of the second circulation hole (301).

9. The forward and reverse cycle anti-jamming tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding sleeve (400) is provided with a plurality of shear pins (401) arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, one end of the shear pin (401) is located inside the sliding sleeve (400), an annular limiting groove (303) is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder (300), and at least a portion of the shear pin (401) is located in the limiting groove (303).

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