Method for treating compacted ore by using footwall blasting and vibration in shallow hole ore retention method

Abstract

The present application provides a method for treating compacted ore by using lower plate blasting and vibration in a shallow hole ore retention method, which belongs to the field of metal mining technology, including: S1, repairing the mining area; S2, accurately measuring and calibrating the spatial position of the goaf and the compacted ore, and dividing the mining area into sections according to the occurrence height of the compacted ore; S3, excavating the first auxiliary connecting road, the lower plate auxiliary roadway and the second auxiliary connecting road from the inside of a certain segmented pedestrian skylight to the lower plate, so that the pedestrian skylight and the goaf are connected; S4, setting several rows of fan-shaped blastholes between the lower plate auxiliary roadway and the compacted ore, and the blastholes extend to the lower plate boundary near the compacted ore; S5, detonating the fan-shaped blastholes section by section by using the backward blasting method, and loading the loosened compacted ore that falls into the ore discharge funnel into a truck and transporting it out of the mining area; S6, re-measuring the morphology of the goaf and the occurrence status of the compacted ore; S7, repeating steps S3-S6 until all the compacted ore is recovered. This method can safely achieve accurate and efficient recovery of compacted ore.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal mining, in particular to a method for treating compacted ore by utilizing footwall blasting and vibration in a shallow hole ore retention method. Background Art

[0002] Steeply inclined, thin ore bodies occupy a significant proportion of my country's numerous metal mines, particularly those for gold and tungsten. The shallow hole ore-retention method is a common method for mining steeply inclined, thin ore bodies. It does not require complex mining preparation, has a simple stope structure, and allows the ore to naturally fall to the stope floor by gravity after blasting, reducing the difficulty and cost of mechanical transportation and playing an irreplaceable and important role in mining operations. However, during the shallow hole ore-retention mining process, the collapsed ore accumulates in the goaf for a long time. Due to the combined influence of factors such as the ore's own cohesiveness, changes in the ore body's inclination, and primary pillars within the goaf, some ore cannot be discharged normally during the stope discharge process. As the ore accumulates over time, it gradually becomes compacted and hardened, forming a large amount of hardened ore. If not treated and recovered, it not only wastes a large amount of mineral resources but also significantly affects the economic benefits of mining.

[0003] In the prior art, one traditional method for treating compacted ore produced by shallow-hole ore extraction involves using rows of logs as support between the upper and lower platforms. Operators then enter the goaf via log platforms and manually remove the compacted ore. This method requires manual overhead work within the exposed goaf, which not only carries the risk of injury from falling rock above but also the risk of falling from height. Another method for treating compacted ore is high-pressure water extraction. This involves setting up high-pressure water jets within the workspace, using the powerful impact force of the high-pressure water jet to gradually peel off the compacted ore, thereby enabling recovery. However, this high-pressure water extraction process consumes significant amounts of water resources in practice, significantly increasing the operating pressure of the underground drainage system. Furthermore, the pressure of the high-pressure water jet decreases with increasing jet distance, making it difficult to achieve effective ore removal for compacted ore located far from the worksite. This makes it difficult to peel off some highly compacted ore, making effective ore extraction difficult. This limits the application of this process, limiting it to compacted ore close to the skylight.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to design a method for treating compacted ore by using footwall blasting and vibration in the shallow hole ore retention method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present application provides a method for treating agglomerated ore by using lower plate blasting vibration to drop ore in a shallow hole ore-leaving method, aiming to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to safely and effectively treat agglomerated ore during the mining process of the shallow hole ore-leaving method. The present application combines three-dimensional laser scanning technology to accurately determine the morphology of the goaf and the occurrence state of agglomerated ore, and excavates auxiliary tunnels to the lower plate in the pedestrian skylight left after mining using the shallow hole ore-leaving method, reasonably controls the distance and tunnel length between the auxiliary tunnel and the agglomerated ore, and arranges several rows of fan-shaped blastholes in the auxiliary tunnel, and adopts shallow hole blasting and backward blasting row by row to collapse the lower plate surrounding rock of the agglomerated ore, and the collapsed waste rock falls into the auxiliary tunnel, and the vibration generated by the lower plate blasting loosens the agglomerated ore located at the top, and falls into the ore discharge funnel at the bottom of the mining field under the action of gravity, and finally concentrates the ore and transports it out of the mining field. This method not only avoids the safety risks of personnel entering the goaf to work, but also has simple construction and low labor intensity for workers. It can also achieve accurate and efficient recovery of compacted ore, which is of great significance to the company's improvement of economic and safety benefits.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for treating compacted ore by utilizing footwall blasting and vibration in a shallow hole ore retention method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, repairing the stope after mining is completed to ensure the stability of the stope;

[0008] S2, using 3D laser scanning equipment to accurately measure the goaf morphology and the occurrence state of the agglomerated ore in the stope, accurately calibrate the spatial position of the goaf and the agglomerated ore, and divide the stope into several segments according to the actual occurrence height of the agglomerated ore;

[0009] S3: Select one of the segments and excavate a first auxiliary connecting road from the pedestrian skylight of the segment toward the stope footwall. After entering the footwall, excavate a footwall auxiliary roadway along the ore body until it exceeds the marked boundary of the compacted ore. Then, excavate a second auxiliary connecting road toward the goaf until it connects with the goaf.

[0010] S4, set several rows of fan-shaped blastholes in the rock wall between the footwall auxiliary roadway and the compacted ore, each blasthole extending from the inner wall of the footwall auxiliary roadway to the footwall boundary near the compacted ore;

[0011] S5: Starting from the second auxiliary connecting road, carry out step-by-step backward blasting until all the fan-shaped blast holes are blasted. The compacted ore that has been loosened and dropped into the discharge hopper at the bottom of the stope is loaded onto trucks and transported out of the stope.

[0012] S6: After a sub-level mining is completed, a 3D laser scanner is used to re-measure the goaf morphology and the occurrence state of the agglomerated ore to determine the actual occurrence height of the agglomerated ore and to determine the excavation position of the footwall auxiliary tunnel of the next sub-level;

[0013] S7, repeat steps S3-S6 for subsequent segments until all the agglomerated ore in the stope is recovered.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S1, the repair includes strengthening the support of the pedestrian skylight, reinforcing the ladder and clearing the connecting road.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the height of each segment is 4-6 m.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, the footwall auxiliary tunnel is excavated to a depth of 1-2 m beyond the marked boundary of the compacted ore.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, the distance between the footwall auxiliary tunnel and the compacted ore is 2-3m.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S3, the opening of the first auxiliary connecting road excavated in the pedestrian skylight is located at the same horizontal height as the first auxiliary connecting road, the footwall auxiliary roadway and the second auxiliary connecting road.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S3, the opening of each tunnel is reinforced with anchor nets.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S3, the cross-sectional dimensions of the footwall auxiliary tunnel are 1.8m×1.8m-2m×2m.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S4, the bottom distance of the fan-shaped blast holes is 1-1.2 m, and the row spacing is 0.8-1 m.

[0022] Furthermore, step S5 also includes filling explosives into the fan-shaped blast holes to be blasted, and plugging the blast holes with blasting mud.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0024] The present application provides a method for treating compacted ore by using the vibration of lower wall blasting in the shallow hole ore retention method. The method combines three-dimensional laser scanning technology to accurately determine the shape of the goaf and the occurrence status of the compacted ore, and excavates an auxiliary tunnel to the lower wall in the pedestrian skylight left after mining using the shallow hole ore retention method, and arranges several rows of fan-shaped blast holes in the auxiliary tunnel. The lower wall surrounding rock of the compacted ore is collapsed by shallow hole blasting and backward row-by-row blasting, and the collapsed waste rock falls into the auxiliary tunnel. The vibration generated by the lower wall blasting loosens the compacted ore located at the upper part, and falls into the ore discharge funnel at the bottom of the mining area under the action of gravity. Finally, the ore is discharged in a concentrated manner and transported out of the mining area.

[0025] (1) This method uses shallow hole blasting to vibrate the ore to loosen and fall off the compacted ore. There is no need to enter the goaf for manual operation. The construction is simple, the labor intensity of workers is low, and the operation is safe.

[0026] (2) This method uses a three-dimensional laser scanner to accurately determine the shape of the goaf and the compacted ore. The stope is then divided into sections according to the distribution of the compacted ore. Auxiliary connecting tunnels and footwall auxiliary tunnels are excavated in the pedestrian skylight of each stope. The distance and tunnel length between the footwall auxiliary tunnel and the compacted ore are reasonably controlled by calculation to achieve the best blasting effect. The optimal effect is to loosen the compacted ore in the stope and let it fall to the bottom of the stope. At the same time, a large amount of rock collapsed by blasting falls into the footwall auxiliary tunnel, thereby reducing the mixing rate of footwall collapse rock in the compacted ore and reducing the ore depletion rate.

[0027] (3) The shallow hole ore retention method provided in this application uses the method of using lower wall blasting vibration to treat agglomerated ore, which can achieve accurate and efficient recovery of agglomerated ore. After recovery, the recovery rate of agglomerated ore reaches more than 80%, and the depletion rate is no more than 15%, which is of great significance to the improvement of economic and safety benefits of enterprises.

[0028] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings used in this application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of treating compacted ore by using footwall blasting and vibration ore drop in the shallow hole ore retention method in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure at position II-II for treating compacted ore by utilizing footwall blasting and vibration ore dropping in the shallow hole ore retention method in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure at position III-III for treating compacted ore by utilizing footwall blasting and vibration ore drop in the shallow hole ore retention method in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view at position IV-IV of the structure for treating compacted ore by utilizing footwall blasting and vibration ore dropping in the shallow hole ore retention method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Ore discharge funnel; 2. Pedestrian skylight; 3. Skylight connecting road; 4. Compacted ore; 5. Pillar; 6. Goaf; 7. Top pillar; 8. First auxiliary connecting road; 9. Lower wall auxiliary tunnel; 10. Second auxiliary connecting road; 11. Fan-shaped blast hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0038] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "several" refers to more than two (including two), and similarly, "several rows" refers to more than two rows (including two rows).

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0042] During the shallow-hole ore-retention mining process, some ore cannot be discharged during the stope draw process. As the backlog increases, it gradually becomes compacted and compacted, forming compacted ore. If not treated and recovered, it not only wastes a large amount of mineral resources but also significantly affects the economic benefits of mining. Existing methods for treating compacted ore sometimes require manual entry into the goaf, making it difficult to ensure safety. Other methods not only consume a lot of water resources, but are also only suitable for treating compacted ore close to the skylight.

[0043] In order to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to safely and effectively treat compacted ore during the shallow hole mining method, the present application provides a method for treating compacted ore by using lower plate blasting to vibrate and drop ore in the shallow hole mining method. This method uses shallow hole blasting to vibrate and drop ore to loosen and fall off the compacted ore, without the need to enter the goaf for manual operation, and has simple construction, low labor intensity for workers, and good operation safety. This method accurately determines the shape of the goaf and compacted ore through the cooperation of a three-dimensional laser scanner, and arranges auxiliary tunnels according to the occurrence of compacted ore, and reasonably controls the distance between the auxiliary tunnel and the compacted ore and the tunnel length to achieve the best blasting effect.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for treating compacted ore by using blasting vibration in a shallow hole ore retention method, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1, repair the stope after mining to ensure its stability;

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, repairing the stope after mining is completed includes strengthening the support of the pedestrian skylight 2, reinforcing the ladder, and clearing the connecting road. The support of the pedestrian skylight 2 refers to repairing and reinforcing the pedestrian skylight 2 by anchor net support or log support according to the stability of the pedestrian skylight 2.

[0047] S2 uses 3D laser scanning equipment to precisely measure the shape of the goaf 6 and the presence of the agglomerated ore 4 within the stope. The spatial positions of the goaf 6 and agglomerated ore 4 are accurately demarcated. The stope is then divided into several segments based on the actual presence of the agglomerated ore 4. In practice, accurate measurement helps minimize the number of segments required, thereby reducing engineering workload and recovery costs.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, the height of each segment is 4-6m.

[0049] S3, select one of the segments, and excavate the first auxiliary connecting road 8 extending from the pedestrian skylight 2 of the segment toward the lower wall of the stope. After entering the lower wall, excavate the lower wall auxiliary roadway 9 along the direction of the ore body until it exceeds the marked boundary of the compacted ore 4, and then excavate the second auxiliary connecting road 10 extending toward the goaf 6 until it is connected with the goaf 6. That is, the pedestrian skylight 2 is connected with the goaf 6 in sequence through the first auxiliary connecting road 8, the lower wall auxiliary roadway 9 and the second auxiliary connecting road 10. The purpose of connecting with the goaf 6 is to accurately determine the boundary shape of the compacted ore in the goaf 6 and to improve the ventilation effect in the lower wall auxiliary roadway 9.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present application, the footwall auxiliary tunnel 9 is excavated to 1-2 m beyond the marked boundary of the compacted ore 4 to provide compensation space for the initial blasting.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, the number of auxiliary connecting roads (including the first auxiliary connecting road 8 and the second auxiliary connecting road 10) and the footwall auxiliary roadway 9 is determined according to the distribution of the compacted ore 4. When the compacted ore 4 is distributed on both sides of the stope and close to the pillars 5, auxiliary connecting roads and footwall auxiliary roadways 9 are set at both ends of the stope; when the compacted ore 4 is distributed in the middle area of the stope, the auxiliary connecting roads and footwall auxiliary roadways 9 can be excavated at the end of the pedestrian skylight 2 that is closer to the compacted ore 4.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, the opening of each tunnel (including the auxiliary connecting tunnel and the footwall auxiliary tunnel) is reinforced with anchor nets.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present application, the opening of the first auxiliary connecting road 8 excavated in the pedestrian skylight 2 is located at the same horizontal height as the first auxiliary connecting road 8, the footwall auxiliary tunnel 9 and the second auxiliary connecting road 10.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present application, the distance between the lower plate auxiliary tunnel 9 and the agglomerated ore 4 is 2-3m. Specifically, the horizontal distance between the lower plate auxiliary tunnel 9 and the agglomerated ore 4 is set according to the ore loosening coefficient and the amount of waste rock dropped by blasting, so that the agglomerated ore 4 in the mining area is loosened and falls to the bottom of the mining area after blasting. At the same time, a large amount of rock collapsed by blasting falls into the lower plate auxiliary tunnel 9. Such a setting can reduce the mixing rate of the lower plate collapsed rock in the agglomerated ore 4 and reduce the depletion rate of the ore. More specifically, the calculation formula of the horizontal distance L between the lower plate auxiliary tunnel 9 and the agglomerated ore 4 is: L 水平距离 =S 辅助巷道 / h 分段高度 ×4. Among them, S 辅助巷道 represents the cross-sectional dimensions of the footwall auxiliary tunnel 9, h 分段高度 The distance between the bottom plates of the footwall auxiliary tunnels 9 of each segment is the segment height described in step S2. Reasonable design of the spatial position of the footwall auxiliary tunnels 9 is conducive to achieving the best blasting effect and improving the recovery rate of the compacted ore 4.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, the cross-sectional dimensions of the first auxiliary connecting road 8 and the second auxiliary connecting road 10 are both 1.8m×1.8m, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the lower wall auxiliary tunnel 9 are 1.8m×1.8m-2m×2m.

[0056] S4, set a number of fan-shaped blastholes 11 in the rock wall between the footwall auxiliary roadway 9 and the compacted ore 4, each blasthole extending from the inner wall of the footwall auxiliary roadway 9 to the footwall boundary near the compacted ore 4. In this arrangement, the blasthole depth is determined by the distance between the footwall auxiliary roadway 9 and the ore body;

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the bottom distance of the fan-shaped blast holes 11 (i.e., the vertical distance from the bottom of the shorter blast hole to the bottom of the longer blast hole in the fan-shaped blast holes 11) is 1-1.2m, and the row spacing (i.e., the spacing between each row of fan-shaped blast holes 11) is 0.8-1m.

[0058] S5, starting from the second auxiliary connecting road 10, blasting is carried out in sections with a backward blasting method until all the fan-shaped blast holes 11 are blasted, and the compacted ore 4 that is loosened and falls into the ore discharge hopper 1 at the bottom of the stope is loaded onto trucks and transported out of the stope.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present application, in the step-by-step retreat blasting, 2-3 rows of fan-shaped blast holes 11 are detonated in each section.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, step S5 further comprises filling explosives into the fan-shaped blast holes 11 to be blasted, and plugging the blast holes with blast mud. All blast holes in a single row of fan-shaped blast holes 11 are blasted in the same section.

[0061] During the blasting process, the strong vibrations on one side loosen the compacted ore 4, which then falls naturally under the action of gravity into the ore discharge hopper 1 at the bottom of the stope and is loaded onto trucks for transport out of the stope. The waste rock that collapses on the other side falls directly into the footwall auxiliary roadway 9, just filling it up.

[0062] S6, after the mining of this section is completed, a three-dimensional laser scanner is used to re-measure the shape of the goaf 6 and the occurrence state of the agglomerated ore 4 to determine the actual occurrence height of the agglomerated ore 4, so as to determine the excavation position of the footwall auxiliary tunnel 9 of the next section.

[0063] S7, repeating steps S3-S6 for subsequent sub-level stopes until all the compacted ore 4 in the stope is recovered.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] Please continue to see Figures 1 to 4 As shown, Example 1 provides a method for treating agglomerated ore 4 by using blasting and vibration in a shallow hole ore retention method, comprising the following steps:

[0066] S1, repair the stope after the mining is completed, repair and reinforce the pedestrian skylight 2 through anchor net support or log support according to the stability of the pedestrian skylight 2, reinforce the ladder, and clear the debris or waste rock in the connecting road.

[0067] S2, use three-dimensional laser scanning equipment to accurately measure the shape of the goaf 6 and the occurrence status of the agglomerated ore 4 in the mining area, accurately calibrate the spatial position of the goaf 6 and the agglomerated ore 4, and divide the mining area into 6 segments according to the actual occurrence height of the agglomerated ore 4, from low to high (that is, the depth is from deep to shallow relative to the ground), respectively N1, N2,..., N6, among which the height of segment N1 is 6m.

[0068] S3: A first auxiliary liaison road 8 with a cross-sectional dimension of 1.8m×1.8m is excavated from the interior of the pedestrian skylight 2 in segment N1, extending toward the stope footwall. To facilitate construction within the pedestrian skylight 2, the first auxiliary liaison road 8 is excavated at the intersection of the skylight liaison road 3 and the pedestrian skylight 2. In this embodiment, the vertical spacing (perpendicular to the ground) between each two adjacent segmented skylight liaison roads 3 is 6m. After entering the footwall, a footwall auxiliary roadway 9 with a cross-sectional dimension of 1.8m×1.8m is excavated along the strike of the ore body until it exceeds the marked boundary of the compacted ore 4 by 1.5m. Then, a second auxiliary liaison road 10 with a cross-sectional dimension of 1.8m×1.8m is excavated, extending toward the goaf 6, until it connects with the goaf 6. That is, the pedestrian skylight 2 and the goaf 6 are connected sequentially through the first auxiliary liaison road 8, the footwall auxiliary roadway 9, and the second auxiliary liaison road 10. In addition, the opening of the first auxiliary connecting road 8 in the pedestrian skylight 2 is at the same level as the first auxiliary connecting road 8, the footwall auxiliary roadway 9 and the second auxiliary connecting road 10. 水平距离 =S 辅助巷道 / h 分段高度 ×4 calculation shows that the horizontal distance between the footwall auxiliary tunnel 9 and the ore body is 2.2m, that is, L 水平 =1.8 2 / 6×4=2.2m.

[0069] S4, using a YT-28 drilling rig equipped with a connecting drill rod, several rows of fan-shaped blastholes 11 were drilled in the rock wall between the footwall auxiliary tunnel 9 and the compacted ore 4 with a hole bottom distance of 1.2m and a row spacing of 0.8m. Each blasthole extended from the inner wall of the footwall auxiliary tunnel 9 to the footwall boundary near the compacted ore 4.

[0070] S5, taking the second auxiliary connecting channel 10 as the starting blasting point, detonate synchronously every two rows of fan-shaped blast holes 11 as a group, and blast backward step by step until retreating to the inside of the first auxiliary connecting channel 8, and completing the blasting of all fan-shaped blast holes 11, and load the compacted ore 4 that is loosened and falls into the ore discharge funnel 1 at the bottom of the mining area onto trucks and transport it out of the mining area.

[0071] S6, use a three-dimensional laser scanner to re-measure the shape of the goaf 6 and the occurrence status of the compacted ore 4, determine the actual occurrence height of the compacted ore 4, and determine the excavation position of the footwall auxiliary tunnel 9 of the next segment N2.

[0072] S7, repeat steps S3-S6 for the next segment N2, until the segments N1 to N 20 All the agglomerated ore within 4 is recovered.

[0073] In Example 1, the recovery rate of the agglomerated ore 4 reaches more than 80%, and the depletion rate is no more than 15%.

[0074] In summary, the present application combines three-dimensional laser scanning technology to accurately determine the shape of the goaf 6 and the occurrence state of the agglomerated ore 4, and excavates an auxiliary tunnel to the lower wall in the pedestrian skylight 2 left after mining using the shallow hole ore retention method, reasonably controls the distance and tunnel length between the auxiliary tunnel and the agglomerated ore 4, and arranges several rows of fan-shaped blastholes 11 in the auxiliary tunnel, and adopts shallow hole blasting and backward blasting row by row to collapse the lower wall surrounding rock of the agglomerated ore 4, and the collapsed waste rock falls into the auxiliary tunnel, and the vibration generated by the lower wall blasting loosens the agglomerated ore 4 located at the top, and falls into the ore discharge funnel 1 at the bottom of the stope under the action of gravity, and finally concentrates the ore and transports it out of the stope. This method not only avoids the safety risk of personnel entering the goaf 6 operation, but also has simple construction and low labor intensity for workers. This method achieves accurate and efficient recovery of agglomerated ore 4, and the recovery rate of agglomerated ore 4 reaches more than 80%, and the depletion rate is not higher than 15%.

[0075] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments having substantially the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, without departing from the scope of the present application, any other embodiments that can be conceived by those skilled in the art and that combine some of the constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for treating agglomerated ore by utilizing footwall blasting and vibration in a shallow hole ore retention method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, repairing the stope after mining is completed to ensure the stability of the stope; S2, using 3D laser scanning equipment to accurately measure the goaf morphology and the occurrence state of the agglomerated ore in the stope, accurately calibrate the spatial position of the goaf and the agglomerated ore, and divide the stope into several segments according to the actual occurrence height of the agglomerated ore; S3: Select one of the segments, excavate a first auxiliary connecting road extending from the pedestrian skylight of the segment toward the stope footwall, and after entering the footwall, excavate a footwall auxiliary roadway along the ore body until it exceeds the marked boundary of the compacted ore, and then excavate a second auxiliary connecting road extending toward the goaf until it connects with the goaf; the footwall auxiliary roadway is excavated to 1-2 meters beyond the marked boundary of the compacted ore; the distance between the footwall auxiliary roadway and the compacted ore is 2-3 meters; the opening of the first auxiliary connecting road excavated in the pedestrian skylight is at the same level as the first auxiliary connecting road, the footwall auxiliary roadway, and the second auxiliary connecting road; S4, set up several rows of fan-shaped blastholes in the rock wall between the footwall auxiliary roadway and the compacted ore, each blasthole extending from the inner wall of the footwall auxiliary roadway to the footwall boundary near the compacted ore; S5: Starting from the second auxiliary connecting road, carry out step-by-step backward blasting until all the fan-shaped blast holes are blasted. This is to loosen the compacted ore in the stope after blasting and let it fall to the bottom of the stope. The large amount of rock collapsed by the blasting will all fall into the auxiliary roadway in the footwall. The compacted ore in the ore discharge hopper that has loosened and fallen to the bottom of the stope will be loaded onto trucks and transported out of the stope. S6: After a sub-level mining is completed, a 3D laser scanner is used to re-measure the goaf morphology and the occurrence state of the agglomerated ore to determine the actual occurrence height of the agglomerated ore and to determine the excavation position of the footwall auxiliary tunnel of the next sub-level; S7, repeat steps S3-S6 for subsequent segments until all the agglomerated ore in the stope is recovered.

2. The method for treating agglomerated ore by utilizing footwall blasting and vibration ore dropping in the shallow hole ore retention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the repair includes strengthening the support of the pedestrian skylight, reinforcing the ladder and clearing the connecting road.

3. The method for treating agglomerated ore by utilizing footwall blasting and vibration ore dropping in the shallow hole ore retention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the height of each segment is 4-6m.

4. The method for treating agglomerated ore by utilizing footwall blasting and vibration ore dropping in the shallow hole ore retention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the opening of each tunnel is reinforced with anchor nets.

5. The method for treating agglomerated ore by utilizing footwall blasting and vibration ore dropping in the shallow hole ore retention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the cross-sectional dimensions of the footwall auxiliary tunnel are 1.8m×1.8m-2m×2m.

6. The method for treating agglomerated ore by utilizing footwall blasting and vibration ore dropping in the shallow hole ore retention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the bottom distance of the fan-shaped blast holes is 1-1.2 m, and the row spacing is 0.8-1 m.

7. The method for treating agglomerated ore by utilizing footwall blasting and vibration ore dropping in the shallow hole ore retention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5 also includes filling explosives into the fan-shaped blast holes to be blasted, and plugging the blast holes with blasting mud.

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