Two-stage telescopic mechanism and small-stroke hydraulic cylinder combined graded lifting electric support

Abstract

The invention relates to a two-stage telescopic mechanism and small-stroke hydraulic cylinder combined graded lifting electric support. The support comprises a top beam, a base, a combined type grading lifting stand column and a driving system. The combined grading lifting stand column is composed of an electro-hydraulic drive small-stroke hydraulic cylinder at the upper end and a motor drive two-stage telescopic mechanism at the lower end. The motor-driven two-stage telescopic mechanism is composed of a telescopic mechanism nut pair cylinder, a first-stage lifting cylinder and a second-stage lifting rod. The driving system is composed of an electro-hydraulic driving part and a motor driving part. The electro-hydraulic driving part comprises an electro-hydraulic pump, a small hydraulic pump station, a hydraulic pipeline and an electro-hydraulic driving part protection shell; the motor driving part comprises a rotating motor, a main shaft gear and two telescopic driving gears, and the motor driving part is composed of a protective shell and a shell connecting bearing. The driving system drives the combined type grading lifting stand columns to achieve grading lifting of the top beam, the leakage problem of a traditional hydraulic support can be effectively solved, and the support supporting efficiency and the support supporting effect are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic supports, and in particular to a step-by-step lifting electric support combined with a two-stage telescopic mechanism and a small-stroke hydraulic cylinder. Background Art

[0002] As a key equipment in coal mining and tunnel engineering, hydraulic supports are mainly used to support the roof, prevent collapse and ensure operational safety. It achieves high support force and flexibility through the hydraulic system. However, there are still some technical bottlenecks in the actual application of existing hydraulic supports, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, traditional hydraulic supports usually use multi-stage hydraulic cylinders and complex connecting rod mechanisms, which leads to the cumbersome overall structure of the equipment. In harsh environments, complex structures are more prone to failure, affecting production efficiency. Secondly, the stability and durability of existing hydraulic supports are often difficult to meet the needs of long-term use, affecting the service life. In addition, existing hydraulic supports also have deficiencies in buffering protection and sealing protection. When the traditional hydraulic system is subjected to sudden loads, the buffering effect is limited, which can easily cause damage to the support structure. In response to the above problems, this field urgently needs technological innovation to simplify the structure and enhance environmental adaptability, thereby improving the reliability of the support. Compared with traditional hydraulic supports, the step-by-step lifting electric support that uses a two-stage telescopic rod and a small-stroke hydraulic cylinder has significant advantages: in terms of structural stability, the combined step-by-step lifting column has high connection strength through the meshing of internal and external threads, and can withstand large axial and radial forces; in terms of sealing protection, the installation of a lifting shell can effectively prevent external dust, sand and other solid pollutants from entering the equipment; in terms of buffer protection, when the column rises to the small-stroke hydraulic cylinder close to the top beam, the small-stroke lifting of the small-stroke hydraulic cylinder provides the top plate with initial support and anti-impact functions, preventing the top beam from being subjected to excessive pressure, thereby extending the service life of the support. This innovative design is particularly suitable for support requirements under complex working conditions. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-stage telescopic mechanism and a small-stroke hydraulic cylinder combined graded lifting electric bracket. An electro-hydraulic driven small-stroke hydraulic cylinder is used between the top beam and the combined graded lifting column. When the combined graded lifting column rises to the point where the top beam just touches the top plate, the electro-hydraulic driven small-stroke hydraulic cylinder starts working and ensures stable support between the column and the top beam. The combined graded lifting column adopts the method of internal and external threads screwing together. This structure can withstand large axial and radial forces and has high connection strength. In addition, the output shaft of the rotating motor drives the main shaft gear, and the main shaft gear drives the telescopic drive gear to rotate. The telescopic drive gear is sleeved on the first-stage lifting cylinder, thereby driving the first-stage lifting cylinder to rotate synchronously, realizing power transmission and torque adjustment.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: The present invention provides a two-stage telescopic mechanism and a small-stroke hydraulic cylinder combined graded lifting electric bracket, including a top beam, a base, a combined graded lifting column (electro-hydraulic driven small-stroke hydraulic cylinder, motor-driven two-stage telescopic mechanism), a driving system (electro-hydraulic driving system, motor driving system), a motor driving part protective shell, etc. The invention is characterized in that: the top beam is used to support the top plate and bear the pressure from the top plate; the combined graded lifting column is driven by a motor and comprises a two-stage telescopic mechanism including a telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder, a first-stage lifting cylinder and a second-stage lifting rod; the electro-hydraulic driven small-stroke hydraulic cylinder is installed between the top beam and the second-stage lifting rod, and is used to support the top beam to provide initial support and provide buffer protection when the top beam is subjected to excessive pressure; the motor drive system is composed of a rotating motor, a main shaft gear and a telescopic drive gear, the telescopic drive gear drives the first-stage lifting cylinder to rotate to realize power transmission, the first-stage lifting cylinder and the telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder are engaged to push the first-stage lifting cylinder and the second-stage lifting rod to rise, and the second-stage lifting rod and the first-stage lifting cylinder are engaged to push the second-stage lifting rod to rise; the first-stage lifting cylinder is interference-fitted with the shell connection bearing and is placed at the lower end of the driven gear, the shell connection bearing is connected to the motor drive part protection shell and is lifted and lowered together with the combined graded lifting column. The base is connected to the outer cylinder of the spiral column through a ball joint, allowing the column to swing in multiple directions to adapt to the ups and downs of the bottom plate.

[0005] The lower surface of the cylinder body of the electro-hydraulic driven small stroke hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the secondary lifting rod body in the combined graded lifting column, and the push rod is connected to the top beam through a pin shaft, allowing a certain angle of swing. The hydraulic oil tank is connected to the cylinder body through a hydraulic pipeline to transfer hydraulic oil. The hose is flexibly arranged to adapt to complex spatial structures. The hydraulic system can provide buffering when the top beam is subjected to excessive pressure to prevent damage to the bracket.

[0006] In the motor drive system, the output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to the main shaft gear through a key, the main shaft gear drives the two telescopic drive gears to rotate, and the telescopic drive gear is connected to the first-stage lifting cylinder through a flat key to achieve force transmission. The rotating motor is connected to the protective housing of the motor drive part through a flange.

[0007] The rotating motor drives the main shaft gear and thus the telescopic driving gear to rotate, and the telescopic driving gear drives the first-level lifting cylinder to rotate, and the outer thread of the first-level lifting cylinder is meshed with the inner thread of the telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder, driving the second-level lifting rod body and the first-level lifting cylinder to rise, thereby realizing the first-level telescopic; the first-level lifting cylinder is meshed with the second-level lifting rod body, driving the second-level lifting rod body to rise, thereby realizing the second-level telescopic; the motor drives the telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder in the two-stage telescopic mechanism to be connected to the base through a ball joint, allowing the column to swing in multiple directions.

[0008] The combined graded lifting columns of the bracket gradually rise under the drive of the motor drive system, and when they approach the top beam, the electro-hydraulic driven short-stroke hydraulic cylinder starts to work. During this process, the hydraulic system continuously provides stable hydraulic pressure to ensure that the columns can evenly and stably support the top beam, avoiding impact or damage caused by uneven force or sudden contact. When the telescopic rod just supports the top plate, the hydraulic system enters the pressure-maintaining state to maintain a constant supporting force, thereby ensuring the stability of the top beam and operational safety. At the same time, the electro-hydraulic driven short-stroke hydraulic cylinder can provide buffering when the top beam is subjected to excessive pressure, thereby extending the service life of the bracket. It is suitable for support needs under complex working conditions.

[0009] The motor drive part protection shell is connected to the first-stage lifting cylinder through the shell connection bearing. The shell connection bearing transmits the motion to the motor drive part protection shell, so that the motor drive part protection shell rises and falls synchronously with the combined graded lifting column. The structure inside the motor drive part protection shell includes the main shaft gear, the telescopic drive gear, and the shell connection bearing. The motor drive part protection shell protects the internal mechanism from dust and external interference during the movement, and the shell connection bearing ensures a smooth and reliable lifting process.

[0010] Advantages of the present invention: 1. Stable structure: adopts the method of internal and external thread engagement, with high connection strength, capable of bearing large axial and radial forces; 2. Buffer protection: The hydraulic system provides buffering when the top beam is subjected to excessive pressure, thus extending the service life of the bracket; 3. Sealing protection: The protective housing of the electro-hydraulic drive part and the protective housing of the motor drive part can prevent external solid pollutants such as dust and sand from entering the interior of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a two-stage telescopic mechanism and a small-stroke hydraulic cylinder combined with a graded lifting electric bracket of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a left view of the overall structure of a two-stage telescopic mechanism and a small-stroke hydraulic cylinder combined with a step-by-step lifting electric bracket of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a two-stage telescopic mechanism and a small-stroke hydraulic cylinder combined to lift and lower an electric support column in stages according to the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the double columns of a two-stage telescopic mechanism combined with a small-stroke hydraulic cylinder for stepwise lifting of an electric bracket according to the present invention.

[0012] The following is a supplementary description of the accompanying drawings; Among them, 1. top beam; 2. motor-driven two-stage telescopic mechanism; 21. first-stage lifting cylinder; 211. first-stage lifting cylinder internal thread; 212. first-stage lifting cylinder external thread; 22. second-stage lifting rod body; 221. second-stage lifting rod external thread; 23. telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder body; 231. telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder internal thread; 3. electro-hydraulic driven small-stroke hydraulic cylinder; 31 push rod; 32. cylinder body; 4. small hydraulic pump station; 41. electric hydraulic pump; 42. electro-hydraulic drive part protection shell; 43. hydraulic pipeline; 5. base; 6. motor drive system; 61. rotating motor; 62. spindle gear; 63. telescopic drive gear; 7. motor drive part protection shell; 8. shell connecting bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0014] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as outside, inside, left, right, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship and movement of various components under a certain posture (as shown in the drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. Among them, "left" corresponds to Figure 1 See Figures 1 to 4 The motor-driven threaded telescopic column bracket of the present invention is described in detail. The motor-driven threaded telescopic column bracket of the present invention is applied to coal mining, tunnel engineering, etc.

[0015] The present invention discloses a two-stage telescopic mechanism and a small-stroke hydraulic cylinder combined graded lifting electric support, which comprises a top beam 1, a base 4, a motor-driven two-stage telescopic mechanism 2, an electro-hydraulic driven small-stroke hydraulic cylinder 3, a driving system, and the like. The top beam and the base are both metal plate welded box structures. The push rod 31 of the electro-hydraulic driven small-stroke hydraulic cylinder 3 in the motor-driven two-stage telescopic mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the top beam 1 through a pin shaft, which can withstand a large load and allow relative movement within a certain range. The cylinder body 32 is fixedly connected to the secondary lifting rod body 22, and the small-stroke hydraulic cylinder body 32 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 34 through a hose 35. The hydraulic cylinder body is fixedly connected to the secondary lifting rod body, and the external thread 221 of the secondary lifting rod body is screwed together with the internal thread 211 of the primary lifting cylinder body, and the external thread 212 of the primary lifting cylinder body is screwed together with the internal thread of the telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder body, and the spiral structure increases the contact area and improves the bearing capacity. The motor-driven two-stage telescopic mechanism 2 gradually rises under the drive of the motor drive system 6, and when the top beam approaches the top plate, the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder 3 starts to work. During this process, the hydraulic system continuously provides stable hydraulic pressure to ensure that the bracket can evenly and stably support heavy objects, avoiding impact or damage caused by uneven force or sudden contact. At the same time, the electro-hydraulic driven short-stroke hydraulic cylinder 3 can provide buffering when the top beam is subjected to excessive pressure, thereby extending the service life of the bracket. It is suitable for support requirements under complex working conditions. The telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder 23 is connected to the base 4 by a ball joint, which has a larger load-bearing capacity and a stronger load-bearing capacity, and provides greater flexibility of movement.

[0016] Working principle of the present invention: The present invention relates to a two-stage telescopic mechanism and a small-stroke hydraulic cylinder combined graded lifting electric bracket, and its working principle is as follows: the motor drive system drives the main shaft gear, and the main shaft gear drives the telescopic drive gear to rotate in the same direction, thereby driving the telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder to rotate. At the same time, the telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder is engaged with the outer thread of the first-stage lifting cylinder, driving the second-stage lifting rod body and the first-stage lifting cylinder to rise, realizing the first-stage telescoping; the telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder is engaged with the second-stage lifting rod body through threads, and the interaction of the threads causes the second-stage lifting rod body to move axially to realize the second-stage telescoping; the cylinder body of the small-stroke hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the second-stage lifting rod body, and the push rod is hinged to the top beam to provide support and buffering. The base is connected to the telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder through a ball joint, allowing the column to swing in multiple directions to adapt to the ups and downs of the bottom plate. The motor drive part protection shell is connected to the shell connection bearing, and moves axially with the first-stage lifting cylinder to ensure smooth movement.

Claims

1. A two-stage telescopic mechanism and a small-stroke hydraulic cylinder combined step-by-step lifting electric support comprises a top beam (1), a motor-driven two-stage telescopic mechanism (2), a small hydraulic pump station (3), an electro-hydraulic driven small-stroke hydraulic cylinder (4), a base (5), a motor drive system (6), a motor drive part protection housing (7), and a housing connection bearing (8); the combined step-by-step lifting column comprises a motor-driven two-stage telescopic mechanism (2) and an electro-hydraulic driven small-stroke hydraulic cylinder (3).

2. According to claim 1, an electro-hydraulic driven short-stroke hydraulic cylinder (4) is installed between the top beam (1) and the motor-driven two-stage telescopic mechanism (2), and the electro-hydraulic driven short-stroke hydraulic cylinder (4) includes a push rod (41) and a cylinder body (42), wherein the connection between the push rod (41) and the top beam (1) is hinged; the lower end (42) of the cylinder body of the electro-hydraulic driven short-stroke hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the secondary lifting rod body (22), and the outer thread (221) of the secondary lifting rod body is meshed with the inner thread (211) of the primary lifting cylinder body to push the secondary lifting rod body (22) up; the outer thread (212) of the primary lifting cylinder body is screwed with the inner thread (231) of the telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder body to push the secondary lifting rod body (22) and the primary lifting cylinder body (21) to move axially together; the telescopic mechanism The nut sub-cylinder (23) of the retracting mechanism is connected to the lower end of the base (4) through a ball joint; the motor drive system (6) is the power source of the motor-driven two-stage telescopic mechanism (2); the output shaft of the rotating motor (51) is fixedly connected to the main shaft gear (52); the main shaft gear (62) drives two telescopic drive gears (63); the two telescopic drive gears (63) rotate in the same direction under the drive of the main shaft gear (62); the telescopic drive gear (63) is connected to the first-stage lifting cylinder (21); the first-stage lifting cylinder (21) is connected to the shell connecting bearing (8) and is installed at the lower end of the telescopic drive gear; the shell connecting bearing (8) is connected to the motor drive part protection shell (7); the motor drive part protection shell (7) rises and falls together with the column.

3. According to claim 1, an electro-hydraulic driven short-stroke hydraulic cylinder is connected between the top beam (1) and the secondary lifting rod body (22) to realize the support function of the top beam (1); when the top beam (1) is subjected to excessive pressure shock, the electro-hydraulic driven short-stroke hydraulic cylinder (3) can play a buffering role to prevent damage to the bracket. A small hydraulic pump station (4) is placed in the middle of the top of the two columns, and an electric hydraulic pump (41) is placed on the upper end of the protective shell (42) of the electro-hydraulic drive part to supply oil to the system. The cylinder body (32) of the electro-hydraulic driven short-stroke hydraulic cylinder (3) is connected to the hydraulic pipeline (43) for transmitting hydraulic oil. The flexible design of the hydraulic pipeline (43) enables it to be flexibly arranged and adapt to complex spatial structures.

4. According to claim 1, the motor-driven two-stage telescopic mechanism (2) comprises a secondary lifting rod body (22), a primary lifting cylinder body (21), and a telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder body (23); the three are arranged in a hierarchical manner from the inside to the outside, wherein the secondary lifting rod body (22) is engaged with the primary lifting cylinder body (21) through a thread, and the external thread (212) of the primary lifting cylinder body is engaged with the internal thread (231) of the telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder body.

5. According to the two-stage telescopic mechanism and the small-stroke hydraulic cylinder combined step-by-step lifting electric bracket as described in claim 1, the rotating motor (61) drives the main shaft gear (62) to rotate, and the main shaft gear (62) simultaneously drives the two telescopic drive gears (63) to rotate; the telescopic drive gear (63) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the first-stage lifting cylinder (21) and is arranged adjacent to the second-stage lifting rod (22), and the telescopic drive gear (63) further drives the first-stage lifting cylinder (21) to rotate.

6. According to claim 2, the first-level lifting cylinder (21) is driven to rotate by the telescopic driving gear (63) in the motor drive system (6), and the outer thread (212) of the first-level lifting cylinder is meshed with the inner thread (231) of the telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder, driving the second-level lifting rod body (22) and the first-level lifting cylinder (21) to rise, thereby realizing the first-level telescopic extension; the inner thread (212) of the first-level lifting cylinder is meshed with the outer thread (22) of the second-level lifting rod body to drive the second-level lifting rod body (22) to rise, thereby realizing the second-level telescopic extension; the tooth sides of the thread are in full contact to form a stable connection, and the thread engagement can provide a strong connection strength.

7. According to the two-stage telescopic mechanism and the small-stroke hydraulic cylinder combined step-by-step lifting electric bracket as described in claim 1, the motor drive part protection shell (7) is provided with a main shaft gear (62), a telescopic drive gear (63) and a shell connecting bearing (8) inside; the power output shaft of the rotating motor (61) passes through the motor drive part protection shell (7), and its end is connected to the main shaft gear (62), and the rotating motor (61) body is installed outside the motor drive part protection shell, the motor drive part protection shell (7) is connected to the shell connecting bearing (8), and the shell connecting bearing (8) is sleeved on the first-stage lifting cylinder (21) and installed at the lower end of the telescopic drive gear, and moves axially with the double-first-stage lifting cylinder (21) to realize lifting movement.

8. According to the two-stage telescopic mechanism and the small-stroke hydraulic cylinder combined step-by-step lifting electric support described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: The base (5) is connected to the bottom (23) of the outer cylinder via a ball joint. The bottom of the telescopic mechanism nut sub-cylinder (23) of the motor-driven two-stage telescopic mechanism (2) is designed to be spherical. The portion of the base that contacts the column is designed with a corresponding spherical groove. This connection allows the column to swing in multiple directions within a certain range to adapt to the ups and downs of the base plate.

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