Three-stable-state permanent magnet contactor

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of circuit protection and contactors, in particular to a three-stable-state permanent magnet contactor, which comprises a driving system and a contact system, and is characterized in that the driving system comprises a driving coil, a permanent magnet assembly, a movable iron core, a first static iron core, a second static iron core and a first counter-force elastic piece; the magnetic field force is generated through forward energization of the driving coil, or power failure or reverse energization of the driving coil, normal closing, normal opening and large-fracture opening are achieved under the combined action of the first counter-force elastic piece and the permanent magnet assembly, and the magnetic field force is generated by adjusting the energization current and energization time of the driving coil. Under the combined action of the first counter-force elastic piece and the permanent magnet assembly, each mechanism after large-fracture opening can be reset to a normal opening position or a normal closing position. According to the three-stable-state permanent magnet contactor, the repeatable actions of normal opening and closing, abnormal opening and mechanism resetting can be achieved, the breaking capacity of the contactor is improved while the function of the contactor is improved, and the service life of the contactor is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of circuit protection and contactors, and in particular to a tri-stable permanent magnet contactor. Background Art

[0002] At present, the driving mode of low-voltage DC contactors is mainly electromagnetic coil drive, that is, after the electromagnetic coil is energized, the moving and static iron cores of the electromagnetic drive mechanism are closed under the drive of electromagnetic force, completing the closing action of the contactor; when the electromagnetic coil loses power, the moving iron core of the electromagnetic drive system is separated from the static iron core under the action of the reaction spring, completing the opening action of the contactor.

[0003] In the existing scheme, the contactor has a small opening distance and a slow opening speed, which restricts the overload connection and disconnection capacity of the contactor to a certain extent, and there is a risk of welding. In addition, in specific applications, the conventional protection device used with the contactor is a thermal fuse, but this protection method has a blank area between the current protection zones when a small multiple of the rated current overload occurs, that is, the fuse is slow to blow or difficult to blow, and the contactor cannot reliably disconnect the overload current, causing damage to electrical equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-stable permanent magnet contactor, which realizes normal closing and opening of the contactor, and large-break opening and resetting of various mechanisms after large-break opening in overload or abnormal conditions by means of different wiring modes of the driving coil and adjusting the magnetic field forces in different directions generated by the power-on time and the current size, in cooperation with the reaction spring and the permanent magnet component; at the same time, the current breaking speed in overload conditions is improved, and when it is used in conjunction with a fuse, it can achieve breaking within the full current range, thereby improving the breaking capacity of the contactor.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is a tri-stable permanent magnet contactor, comprising a drive system and a contact system, wherein the drive system and the contact system are insulated, the drive system comprises a drive coil, a permanent magnet assembly, a moving iron core, a first static iron core, a second static iron core, and a first reaction force elastic member; the contact system comprises a moving contact and a static contact;

[0006] The first static iron core and the second static iron core are respectively fixedly arranged at two ends of the moving iron core in the moving direction, wherein the first static iron core is located between the moving iron core and the moving contact, and the second static iron core is arranged close to an end of the moving iron core away from the moving contact; in an initial state, an air gap is respectively arranged between the first static iron core and the second static iron core and the moving iron core to allow the moving iron core to move;

[0007] The first reaction force elastic member is arranged between the second static iron core and the movable iron core, and the first reaction force elastic member is always in a compressed state;

[0008] The moving iron core is mechanically linked with the moving contact, and in an initial state, the moving contact is located at a position when the static contact is normally disconnected;

[0009] The moving iron core comprises a moving iron core body and a limiting structure, wherein the limiting structure is fixedly located on the outer periphery of the moving iron core body and protrudes from the surface of the moving iron core body; the permanent magnet assembly is fixedly arranged at the limiting structure close to the moving iron core, and the limiting structure is located between the first static iron core and the permanent magnet assembly; one end of the moving iron core close to the moving contact is located between the first static iron core and the permanent magnet assembly; in an initial state, a displacement gap is arranged between the limiting structure and the permanent magnet assembly for the moving iron core to move;

[0010] Under normal circumstances, the driving coil is energized in the forward direction, and the magnetic field force of the driving coil acting on the moving iron core is opposite to the direction of the attraction of the permanent magnet component on the moving iron core. Under the action of the magnetic field force and the elastic force of the first reaction elastic member, the moving iron core moves toward the first static iron core and closes the air gap between the moving iron core and the first static iron core for the moving iron core to move. One end of the moving iron core close to the moving contact is attracted to the first static iron core, and at the same time, the moving contact is driven to move to a normal closing position in contact with the static contact, thereby achieving normal closing.

[0011] When the electrical circuit where the tristable permanent magnetic contactor is located is in a normal state, the driving coil is powered off, the magnetic field force of the driving coil acting on the moving iron core disappears, the moving iron core returns to its initial state position, and at the same time drives the moving contact to move to a normal opening position separated from the static contact, thereby achieving normal opening;

[0012] When an overload current, a short circuit current or an abnormal situation occurs in the electrical main circuit where the tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor is located, the drive coil is energized in reverse, and the magnetic field force of the drive coil acting on the moving iron core is in the same direction as the attractive force of the permanent magnetic component acting on the moving iron core. Under the action of the magnetic field force and the attractive force of the permanent magnetic component, the moving iron core moves toward the direction close to the second static iron core, and at the same time drives the moving contact to move from the normal closing position, through the normal opening position and continue to move to the large-break opening position away from the static contact. At this time, the limiting structure of the moving iron core is adsorbed and fixed on the permanent magnetic component to achieve large-break opening;

[0013] When the overload current, short-circuit current or abnormal situation disappears and the main circuit is ready for resetting, the drive coil is energized in the forward direction, and the energizing current and energizing time of the drive coil are changed at the same time. The magnetic field force of the drive coil acting on the moving iron core is opposite to the attractive force of the permanent magnet component on the moving iron core, and the magnetic field force is greater than the attractive force, so that the moving iron core is displaced under the elastic force of the first reaction force elastic member and drives the moving contact to move. The moving contact is reset from the large-break opening position to the normal opening position, or, as needed, is displaced from the large-break opening position to the normal closing position.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting structure is located at the edge of an end face of the moving iron core close to the first static iron core; in the initial state, the air gap between the first static iron core and the moving iron core that allows the moving iron core to move is the first air gap, and the first air gap is the gap between the first static iron core and the limiting structure; when the switch is closed normally, the moving iron core is displaced toward the first static iron core to close the first air gap, and the first static iron core absorbs the limiting structure of the moving iron core to form a closed magnetic circuit.

[0015] Preferably, in the initial state, the air gap between the second static iron core and the moving iron core that allows the moving iron core to move is the second air gap; when the large break is opened, the moving iron core moves toward the second static iron core to close the second air gap, and the second static iron core adsorbs and fixes the moving iron core to form a closed magnetic circuit.

[0016] Preferably, the drive system and the contact system are located in different chambers, and the different chambers are insulated from each other.

[0017] Preferably, the permanent magnet assembly is an integral annular structure, which is arranged between the drive coil and the first static iron core, and the end of the moving iron core close to the first static iron core passes through the hollow part of the annular structure of the permanent magnet assembly; or, the permanent magnet assembly is a plurality of groups, which are arranged around the moving iron core in a uniformly arranged manner and are located between the drive coil and the first static iron core, and the end of the moving iron core close to the first static iron core passes between the plurality of groups of permanent magnet assemblies; the end of the moving iron core close to the first static iron core is located between the first static iron core and the permanent magnet assembly, and when the large break is opened, the end of the moving iron core close to the first static iron core is adsorbed and fixed on the permanent magnet assembly.

[0018] Preferably, the permanent magnet assembly includes a magnetizer and a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is located on the periphery of the magnetizer.

[0019] Preferably, a limiting groove is provided on one end of the magnetic body toward the moving contact. When the three-stable permanent magnetic contactor is normally closed or opened, a movement gap which does not affect the movement of the moving iron core is retained between the moving iron core and the magnetic body. When the three-stable permanent magnetic contactor achieves large-break opening, the limiting structure of the moving iron core is adsorbed on the limiting groove of the magnetic body.

[0020] Preferably, the moving iron core and the moving contact are connected through a connecting assembly to form a mechanical linkage; the connecting assembly includes a guide rod and a pull rod, the guide rod is passed through and fixed on the moving iron core, one end of the guide rod is passed through the guide channel of the second static iron core, the other end of the guide rod is detachably connected to the pull rod, and the pull rod passes through the first static iron core and is connected to the moving contact.

[0021] Preferably, a support plate is detachably mounted on the pull rod, a contact spring is arranged on the support plate, and the moving contact is connected to the contact spring.

[0022] Preferably, the driving coil is energized by capacitor pulse discharge or battery short-circuit discharge.

[0023] Preferably, it also includes a control module and an energy storage module, wherein the control module acts according to the received external instructions or the overload or short-circuit current instructions detected by the tri-stable permanent magnet contactor itself, sends opening and closing instructions to the energy storage module, and controls the energy storage module to energize the drive coil through capacitor pulse discharge or battery short-circuit discharge.

[0024] Preferably, a detection module is provided in the tri-stable permanent magnet contactor for detecting the main circuit current and sending the detection result to the control module.

[0025] Preferably, it further comprises a second reaction force elastic member, wherein the second reaction force elastic member is arranged between the moving iron core and the first static iron core, and the second reaction force elastic member is always in a compressed state.

[0026] Preferably, the second reaction force elastic member and the first reaction force elastic member are each one of a compression spring and a disc spring.

[0027] Preferably, the drive coil comprises a first drive coil and a second drive coil, and the first drive coil and the second drive coil are connected in series; the first drive coil and the second drive coil can be energized separately to generate a magnetic field force, or the first drive coil and the second drive coil connected in series can be energized to jointly generate a magnetic field force; when the first drive coil is energized separately in the forward direction, the direction of the magnetic field force generated by the first drive coil and acting on the moving iron core is opposite to the direction of the attraction of the permanent magnet component on the moving iron core; the magnetic field force generated when the first drive coil is energized separately in the forward direction is the same as the direction of the magnetic field force generated when the second drive coil is energized separately in the forward direction, and the magnetic field force generated when the first drive coil is energized separately in the forward direction is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field force jointly generated by the first drive coil and the second drive coil connected in series when they are energized in the reverse direction;

[0028] Under normal circumstances, when the second drive coil is powered off, the first drive coil is energized in the forward direction, and the three-stable permanent magnetic contactor is normally closed; when the first drive coil is powered off, the three-stable permanent magnetic contactor is normally opened;

[0029] When an overload current, a short circuit current or an abnormal situation occurs, the first drive coil and the second drive coil connected in series are energized in the reverse direction, a large break is formed between the moving contact and the static contact, and the permanent magnet component absorbs and fixes the moving iron core;

[0030] When the overload current, short-circuit current or abnormal situation disappears and the main circuit has the reset condition, the first drive coil is de-energized and the second drive coil is energized in the forward direction, so that the various mechanisms when the large-break is opened are reset to the position when they are normally opened, or, as needed, moved from the position when the large-break is opened to the normal closed position.

[0031] Preferably, the first drive coil and the second drive coil are arranged vertically and spaced apart, the first drive coil is close to one side of the first static iron core, and the second drive coil is close to one side of the second static iron core.

[0032] The tri-stable permanent magnet contactor of the present invention realizes opening and closing in normal state through the structure of the traditional contactor, namely the normal on and off of the driving coil and the first reaction force elastic member and the moving contact spring; while ensuring the normal working function of the contactor, the traditional contactor is improved, and the large-break opening between the moving contact and the static contact is realized by reverse energizing the driving coil, combined with the force of the first reaction force elastic member and the permanent magnet component acting on the moving iron core, thereby improving the breaking capacity, and by changing the energizing current and the energizing time when the driving coil is energized in the forward direction, each mechanism is reset from the large-break opening position to the normal opening position, so that the contactor has the reset capability after large-break opening.

[0033] The drive coil can also be divided into a first drive coil and a second drive coil connected in series. By energizing the first drive coil and the second drive coil separately, energizing the first drive coil and the second drive coil connected in series at the same time, and under the action of the second reaction force elastic member, the first reaction force elastic member and the permanent magnet assembly, the opening and closing, large break opening and resetting of the moving contact and the static contact in a normal state can be achieved, so that the action of each mechanism position is more stable and reliable during each action process.

[0034] Through the joint participation of two driving coils, a permanent magnet assembly, a first reaction force elastic member, or the first reaction force elastic member and the second reaction force elastic member, the breaking speed in overload current, short circuit and abnormal conditions is improved, thereby improving the breaking capacity and resetting capacity.

[0035] Two drive coils make motion control more convenient and more energy-efficient.

[0036] The tristable permanent magnetic contactor of the present invention can realize normal opening and closing, abnormal opening and mechanism resetting, and can perform repeated actions, thereby improving the contactor function and increasing the service life of the contactor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the contactor of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the normal closing state of the contactor of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the normal opening state of the contactor of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the contactor overload opening state of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection between the first drive coil and the second drive coil.

[0042] Figure 6 It is the control logic block diagram of the control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention provides a tri-stable permanent magnet contactor, comprising a drive system and a contact system, wherein the drive system and the contact system are insulated, the drive system comprising a drive coil, a permanent magnet assembly, a moving iron core, a first static iron core, a second static iron core, and a first reaction force elastic member; the contact system comprising a moving contact and a static contact;

[0044] The first static iron core and the second static iron core are respectively fixedly arranged at the two ends of the moving iron core in the moving direction, wherein the first static iron core is located between the moving iron core and the moving contact, and the second static iron core is arranged near the end of the moving iron core away from the moving contact; in the initial state, an air gap is respectively arranged between the first static iron core and the second static iron core and the moving iron core to allow the moving iron core to move;

[0045] The first reaction force elastic member is arranged between the second static iron core and the moving iron core, and the first reaction force elastic member is always in a compressed state; the moving iron core is mechanically linked with the moving contact, and in the initial state, the moving contact is located at the position when the static contact is normally opened;

[0046] The moving iron core comprises a moving iron core body and a limiting structure, wherein the limiting structure is fixedly located on the outer periphery of the moving iron core body and protrudes from the surface of the moving iron core body; the permanent magnet assembly is fixedly arranged at the limiting structure close to the moving iron core, and the limiting structure is located between the first static iron core and the permanent magnet assembly; one end of the moving iron core close to the moving contact is located between the first static iron core and the permanent magnet assembly; in the initial state, a displacement gap is arranged between the limiting structure and the permanent magnet assembly for the moving iron core to move;

[0047] Under normal circumstances, the driving coil is energized in the forward direction, and the magnetic field force of the driving coil acting on the moving iron core is opposite to the attraction direction of the permanent magnet component on the moving iron core. Under the action of the magnetic field force and the elastic force of the first reaction elastic member, the moving iron core moves toward the first static iron core and closes the air gap between the moving iron core and the first static iron core for the moving iron core to move. The end of the moving iron core close to the moving contact is attracted to the first static iron core. At the same time, the moving contact is driven to move to the normal closing position in contact with the static contact, thereby achieving normal closing.

[0048] When the electrical circuit where the tristable permanent magnet contactor is located is in a normal state, the driving coil is powered off, the magnetic field force of the driving coil acting on the moving iron core disappears, the moving iron core returns to its initial state position, and at the same time, the moving contact is driven to move to the normal opening position separated from the static contact, thereby achieving normal opening;

[0049] When an overload current, short-circuit current or abnormal condition occurs in the electrical main circuit where the tristable permanent magnet contactor is located, the drive coil is energized in the reverse direction, and the magnetic field force of the drive coil acting on the moving iron core is in the same direction as the attraction direction of the permanent magnet component on the moving iron core. Under the action of the magnetic field force and the attraction direction of the permanent magnet component, the moving iron core moves toward the direction close to the second static iron core, and at the same time drives the moving contact to move from the normal closing position, passes through the normal opening position and continues to move to the large-break opening position away from the static contact. At this time, the limiting structure of the moving iron core is adsorbed and fixed on the permanent magnet component to achieve large-break opening;

[0050] When the overload current, short-circuit current or abnormal situation disappears and the main circuit is ready for resetting, the drive coil is energized in the forward direction, and the energizing current and energizing time of the drive coil are changed at the same time. The magnetic field force of the drive coil on the moving iron core is opposite to the attraction direction of the permanent magnet component on the moving iron core, and the magnetic field force is greater than the attraction, so that the moving iron core is displaced under the elastic force of the first reaction force elastic member and drives the moving contact to move, and the moving contact is reset from the large-break opening position to the normal opening position, or, as needed, is displaced from the large-break opening position to the normal closing position.

[0051] In this scheme, under normal circumstances, the driving coil is energized in the forward direction, and the magnetic field force of the driving coil acting on the moving iron core is opposite to the direction of the attraction of the permanent magnet assembly on the moving iron core. Under the action of the magnetic field force and the elastic force of the first reaction elastic member, the moving iron core moves toward the first static iron core and closes the air gap between the moving iron core and the first static iron core for the moving iron core to move. The end of the moving iron core close to the moving contact is adsorbed with the first static iron core, and at the same time, the moving contact is driven to move to the normal closing position in contact with the static contact to achieve normal closing. In the normal closing process, the end of the moving iron core close to the moving contact is adsorbed with the first static iron core to form a closed magnetic flux. At the same time, the moving iron core is limited in the direction of the moving contact moving toward the static contact.

[0052] When the electrical circuit where the tri-stable permanent magnet contactor of this scheme is located is in a normal state, the driving coil is de-energized, the magnetic field force acting on the moving iron core by the driving coil disappears, the moving iron core returns to its initial state position, and at the same time, the moving contact is driven to move to the normal opening position separated from the static contact, thereby achieving normal opening.

[0053] When an overload current, short-circuit current or abnormal situation occurs in the main electrical circuit where the tristable permanent magnet contactor of this scheme is located, the driving coil is energized in reverse, and the magnetic field force of the driving coil acting on the moving iron core is in the same direction as the attraction direction of the permanent magnet component on the moving iron core. Under the action of the magnetic field force and the attraction direction of the permanent magnet component, the moving iron core moves toward the direction close to the second static iron core, and at the same time drives the moving contact to move from the normal closed position, pass through the normal open position and continue to move to the large-break open position away from the static contact. At this time, the limiting structure of the moving iron core is adsorbed and fixed on the permanent magnet component to realize large-break opening.

[0054] When the overload current, short-circuit current or abnormal situation disappears and the main circuit is ready for reset, the drive coil is energized in the forward direction, and the energizing current and energizing time of the drive coil are changed at the same time. The magnetic field force of the drive coil on the moving iron core is opposite to the attraction direction of the permanent magnet component on the moving iron core, and the magnetic field force is greater than the attraction, so that the moving iron core is displaced under the elastic force of the first reaction force elastic member and drives the moving contact to move. The moving contact is reset from the large-break opening position to the normal opening position, or, as needed, is displaced from the large-break opening position to the normal closing position.

[0055] It should be noted that in this solution, the drive system and the contact system are insulated, and the drive system and the contact system can be arranged in the same chamber or in different chambers. When the drive system and the contact system are located in the same chamber, the insulation between the drive system and the contact system can be achieved by setting an insulating member between the drive system and the contact system. For example, an insulating plate or the like can be used to isolate the drive system and the contact system, and an insulating rod is used to connect the moving contact and the moving iron core, etc., but the insulating plate does not completely separate the drive system and the contact system into two chambers; when the drive system and the contact system are located in different chambers, these chambers are insulated from each other, and the insulation between the different chambers can be achieved by an insulating partition between the different chambers. For example, an insulating partition can be set between the first static iron core and the moving contact, and the moving contact is connected to the moving iron core through an insulating rod, and the insulating rod passes through the through hole on the insulating partition to achieve the insulation.

[0056] The driving coil in the tristable permanent magnetic contactor provided in the present invention is sleeved on the outer side of the moving iron core, and one driving coil or two driving coils can be used. When one driving coil is used, the two ports (input / output ports) of the driving coil can be used as positive and negative poles respectively (another input / output port can also be set at a selected position in the middle of a driving coil, at this time, similar to the series use of two driving coils, the other port at the middle position is used as a common port of the two sections of the driving coil used, and the specific operation or wiring method is similar to the case of two driving coils), the driving coil is energized in the forward direction or reverse direction, or by adjusting the current size and current time of the forward energization, a magnetic field force acting on the moving iron core is generated, and at the same time, under the joint action of the attraction of the permanent magnetic component acting on the moving iron core, the elastic force of the first reaction force elastic member, etc. (if the tristable permanent magnetic contactor also includes a second reaction force elastic member, it also includes the elastic force of the second reaction force elastic member), the moving iron core is driven to move, and normal opening, normal closing and large break opening are realized. When two drive coils are included, the two drive coils are arranged in series. The forward energization of the drive coil mentioned above can be that any one of the two drive coils is energized in the forward direction while the other drive coil is de-energized, or the two drive coils in series are energized in the forward direction together to jointly generate a magnetic field force acting on the moving iron core; the reverse energization of the drive coil mentioned in the above scheme can be that any one of the two drive coils is energized in the reverse direction while the other drive coil is de-energized, or the two drive coils in series are energized in the reverse direction together to jointly generate a magnetic field force acting on the moving iron core. By adopting the scheme of two drive coils, in conjunction with the participation of permanent magnet components, reaction force elastic parts, etc., the breaking speed in overload current, short circuit circuit and abnormal conditions is improved, thereby improving the breaking capacity and resetting capacity. Through two drive coils, motion control is more convenient and more energy-saving.

[0057] In the case of two driving coils, preferably, the two driving coils can be sleeved on the outside of the moving iron core and arranged in the up and down directions along the circumferential direction of the moving iron core. A driving coil close to the first static iron core or close to the moving contact is independently energized or de-energized in the forward direction (meaning that under normal use, one driving coil is independently energized and then de-energized, and the other driving coil is not energized during the energization and de-energization process), and cooperates with other components (for example, a permanent magnet assembly, a first reaction force elastic part, etc. or, when including a second reaction force elastic part, a permanent magnet assembly, a first reaction force elastic part, a second reaction force elastic part, etc.) to achieve normal closing and normal opening of the three-stable permanent magnet contactor. ; Under abnormal circumstances, two drive coils are connected in series and energized in the reverse direction together, and the large-break opening is realized by cooperating with the force of other components of the three-stable permanent magnet contactor; when the contactor needs to be reset, two drive coils can be connected in series and energized in the forward direction together, or a drive coil far away from the first static iron core or far away from the moving contact (or a drive coil close to the second static iron core) is energized in the forward direction, and the contactor is reset by cooperating with the force of other components of the three-stable permanent magnet contactor (for example, permanent magnet assembly, first reaction force elastic part, etc., or, when the second reaction force elastic part is included, the permanent magnet assembly, the first reaction force elastic part, the second reaction force elastic part, etc.). Preferably, a driving coil far away from the first static iron core or far away from the moving contact (or, a driving coil close to the second static iron core) can adopt an axial length of the coil (sleeved on the moving iron core) that is greater than the axial length of the driving coil close to the first static iron core. In other words, the driving coil that is energized in the forward direction alone to achieve the resetting action of the three-stable permanent magnet contactor has an axial length (sleeved on the moving iron core) that is greater than the axial length of the driving coil that is energized alone to achieve normal closing of the three-stable permanent magnet contactor. In this case, more energy can be saved.

[0058] In the present invention, when the driving coil is energized in the forward direction and in the reverse direction, the direction of the magnetic field force acting on the moving iron core is different. In the present application, the driving coil is energized in the forward direction, which means that when the driving coil is energized, the direction of the magnetic field force acting on the moving iron core generated by the energized driving coil is opposite to the direction of the attraction of the permanent magnet component on the moving iron core; the driving coil is energized in the reverse direction, which means that when the driving coil is energized, the direction of the magnetic field force acting on the moving iron core generated by the energized driving coil is the same as the direction of the attraction of the permanent magnet component on the moving iron core.

[0059] Regardless of how many drive coils are set, a first reaction force elastic member (always in a compressed state) can be set in the tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor, and a second reaction force elastic member can also be set. The first reaction force elastic member is always set in a compressed state between the second static iron core and the moving iron core; when the tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor can also include a second reaction force elastic member, the second reaction force elastic member is always set in a compressed state between the first static iron core and the moving iron core, and the force of the second reaction force elastic member acting on the moving iron core is opposite to the force of the first reaction force elastic member acting on the moving iron core. When the second reaction force elastic member is included, it is easy to match the parameter setting of the coil, simplify the product design, have a buffering effect on the moving iron core during the closing process, and reduce the bounce between the contacts during the closing process.

[0060] The following is a description using a preferred embodiment as an example. In the preferred embodiment, two driving coils, a first reaction force elastic member, and a second reaction force elastic member connected in series are provided as an example for description.

[0061] In other embodiments, according to design requirements, one drive coil, two drive coils or even multiple drive coils can be selected and designed in combination with the first reaction force elastic member. In other embodiments, one drive coil, two drive coils or even multiple drive coils can be selected and designed in combination with the first reaction force elastic member and the second reaction force elastic member.

[0062] It is within the comprehension of those skilled in the art, and any design form that realizes normal closing, normal opening, large-break opening under overload or short-circuit current or abnormal conditions, and resetting after large-break opening of the contact system by combining the forward and reverse energization of the driving coil (which can be combined with the current size of the driving coil), the adsorption force of the permanent magnet assembly on the moving iron core, and the elastic force of the first reaction force elastic member acting on the moving iron core (when the second reaction force elastic member is not provided, it is necessary to combine the gravity of components such as the moving iron core and the moving contact) is within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0063] The following is a specific description of a preferred embodiment of a combination of two drive coils, a first reaction force elastic member, a second reaction force elastic member, and a permanent magnet assembly. This embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present invention.

[0064] The tristable permanent magnetic contactor of the present invention comprises a drive system and a contact system, wherein the drive system and the contact system are insulated, and the drive system comprises a first drive coil, a second drive coil, a permanent magnetic assembly, a moving iron core, a second reaction force elastic member, and a first reaction force elastic member;

[0065] The second reaction force elastic member and the first reaction force elastic member are respectively arranged at the two ends of the displacement direction of the moving iron core in a compressed state. When in the normal opening position, the elastic force between the second reaction force elastic member and the first reaction force elastic member is balanced; the contact system includes a moving contact and a static contact; the displacement of the moving iron core can drive the displacement of the moving contact to achieve closing, opening, large-break opening, and resetting when the large-break opening is achieved between the moving iron core and the static contact;

[0066] The first drive coil and the second drive coil are connected in series. The first drive coil and the second drive coil can be energized separately to generate a magnetic field force, or the first drive coil and the second drive coil connected in series can be energized to jointly generate a magnetic field force. The magnetic field force generated when the first drive coil is energized separately is opposite to the magnetic field force of the permanent magnet; the magnetic field force generated by the first drive coil is opposite to the magnetic field force generated by the second drive coil and the magnetic field force jointly generated by the first drive coil and the second drive coil connected in series;

[0067] When the second drive coil is powered off, the first drive coil is powered on to generate a magnetic field force to drive the moving iron core to move, so that the contactor is normally closed. When the first drive coil is powered off, the elastic force of the second reaction force elastic member drives the moving iron core to move, so that the contactor is normally opened.

[0068] The first drive coil and the second drive coil connected in series are energized to generate a magnetic field force, which drives the moving iron core to move, thereby realizing large-break opening. The permanent magnet component adsorbs and fixes the position of the moving iron core when the large-break opening is achieved. When the first drive coil is de-energized, the second drive coil is energized to generate a magnetic field force. Under the action of the magnetic field force and the elastic force of the first reaction force elastic member, the moving iron core is driven to move, so that the various mechanisms when the large-break opening is achieved are reset to the positions when the opening is normal.

[0069] It should be emphasized that no matter what state the contactor is in, the second reaction force elastic member and the first reaction force elastic member are always in a compressed state.

[0070] With respect to the above technical solution, preferred embodiments are now cited and specifically described in conjunction with drawings.

[0071] See also Figures 1 to 4 The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor of the present invention comprises an upper shell 100, an insulating partition 101, and a lower shell 102. The upper shell 100 and the lower shell 102 are butt-jointed to form a complete shell. The insulating partition 101 is located between the butt-jointed surfaces of the upper shell 100 and the lower shell 102 to insulate and isolate the chambers of the upper shell and the lower shell. The contact system is located in the upper shell 100, and the drive system is located in the lower shell 102. The contact system and the drive system are insulated. The contact system comprises a stationary contact (1, 13) and a moving contact 2. The specific structure is as follows:

[0072] A first static iron core 103 is arranged at the top of the lower shell 102, a second static iron core 7 is arranged at the bottom, and a moving iron core 3 is arranged between the first static iron core 103 and the second static iron core 7. The first static iron core 103 is arranged close to the static contact 1, and the second static iron core 7 is arranged away from the static contact 1. In the initial state, a first air gap 33 is reserved between one end of the moving iron core 3 facing the first static iron core and the first static iron core 103, so that the moving iron core can move toward the first static iron core; a second air gap 34 is reserved between one end of the moving iron core 3 facing the second static iron core and the second static iron core 7, so that the moving iron core can move toward the second static iron core. When the moving iron core is adsorbed with the first static iron core or the second static iron core respectively, a closed magnetic circuit can be formed, which is conducive to the stability of stable closing and large-break opening.

[0073] A first drive coil 5 and a second drive coil 8 are disposed on the outer peripheries of the second static iron core 7 and the moving iron core 3 , and a permanent magnet assembly is disposed between the first drive coil 5 and one end of the moving iron core 3 facing the first static iron core 103 .

[0074] The permanent magnet assembly is arranged in an integral annular structure between the first drive coil 5 and the end of the moving iron core 3 facing the first static iron core 103, or the permanent magnet assembly is arranged in two or more groups in a uniform or non-uniform arrangement on the same horizontal plane between the first drive coil 5 and the end of the moving iron core 3 facing the first static iron core 103, preferably in a uniform arrangement. When the permanent magnet assembly is an annular structure, the moving iron core 3 is inserted between the annular structures of the permanent magnet assembly, and when the permanent magnet assembly is in two or more groups, the moving iron core 3 passes between the permanent magnet assemblies, so that the permanent magnet assembly is located at the periphery of the moving iron core 3, and a gap is provided between the permanent magnet assembly and the moving iron core that does not interfere with the displacement of the moving iron core.

[0075] The second static iron core 7 is arranged at the bottom of the lower housing 102, and has a protruding columnar structure at the center, on which a guide channel is provided. The second static iron core 7 is made of soft magnetic material, preferably electrical pure iron.

[0076] The moving iron core 3 includes a moving iron core body 32 and a limiting structure 31. The moving iron core body 32 extends toward the periphery at one end of the first static iron core 103 to form the limiting structure 31, that is, the limiting structure 31 is located at the edge of the cross section at one end of the first static iron core 103. In this embodiment, the limiting structure 31 is an annular limiting edge, and the other end of the moving iron core body 32 is arranged toward the second static iron core 7. The moving iron core 3 is made of soft magnetic material, preferably electrical pure iron. The guide rod 6 is penetrated and fixed on the moving iron core 3, and the two ends of the guide rod 6 pass through the two end faces of the moving iron core 3 respectively. The guide rod 6 and the moving iron core 3 are fixed by interference fit or by elastic pins. One end of the guide rod 6 toward the second static iron core 7 extends into the guide channel of the second static iron core 7, and the other end of the guide rod 6 is penetrated in the guide hole of the second static iron core 103 and is located below the insulating partition 101. One end of the pull rod 11 passes through the insulating partition 101 and is threadedly connected with one end of the guide rod 6 facing the insulating partition 101 to form a connecting assembly. The other end of the pull rod 11 is located in the upper shell 100. A support plate is arranged on one end of the pull rod 11 located in the upper shell 100, and the moving contact 2 is connected to the support plate through a contact spring 12. A stationary contact (1, 13) is arranged on the upper shell 100 corresponding to the moving contact 2. Contacts are respectively arranged at corresponding positions on the moving contact 2 and the stationary contact. The contact material is a silver alloy material (preferably silver tin oxide) with strong arc resistance, which improves the multiple connection and disconnection capabilities of the contactor under overload conditions.

[0077] When the moving iron core 3 is driven to move, the connecting assembly formed by the guide rod 6 and the pull rod 11 drives the moving contact 2 to move linearly, so as to realize the opening and closing of the moving contact with the static contact under normal conditions, and the large-break opening of the moving contact under overload, short circuit or abnormal conditions. The material of the guide rod 6 is preferably stainless steel (for example, 304 stainless steel SUS304 or 316 stainless steel SUS316).

[0078] The second reaction force elastic member 10 and the first reaction force elastic member 9 are respectively sleeved on the guide rod 6 at both ends of the moving iron core 3. The specific structure is: a groove is opened at one end of the moving iron core 3 facing the insulating partition 101, and the guide rod 6 passes through the groove. The second reaction force elastic member 10 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide rod 6 in the groove, and the two ends of the second reaction force elastic member 10 are respectively against the groove of the moving iron core 3 and the first static iron core 103. Grooves are correspondingly opened on the two end surfaces adjacent to the moving iron core 3 and the second static iron core 7, and the guide rod 6 passes through the groove and extends into the guide channel of the second static iron core 7. The first reaction force elastic member 9 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide rod 6 between the second static iron core 7 and the moving iron core 3, and the two ends of the first reaction force elastic member 9 are respectively against the grooves on the two adjacent end surfaces of the moving iron core 3 and the second static iron core 7. Regardless of the state of the contactor (such as normal opening and closing, large break opening), the second reaction force elastic member 10 and the first reaction force elastic member 9 are in a compressed state. In the initial position, that is, when the moving and static contacts of the contactor are in a normal open state, the elastic forces generated by the second reaction force elastic member 10 and the first reaction force elastic member 9 cancel each other out and are in a balanced state; when the gravity of the moving iron core is considered, a balanced state is formed among the second reaction force elastic member 10, the first reaction force elastic member 9 and the gravity of the moving iron core. In the following description, the gravity of the moving iron core is not considered, but in other embodiments, when the contactor can only be installed vertically, the gravity of the moving iron core can be considered.

[0079] When the circuit breaker is closed normally, the second reaction force elastic member 10 is further compressed, and the elastic force it generates gradually increases. The first reaction force elastic member 9 is gradually relieved from the compressed state, and the elastic force generated gradually decreases. After the circuit breaker is closed, the elastic force of the second reaction force elastic member 10 acting on the moving iron core is greater than the elastic force of the first reaction force elastic member 9 acting on the moving iron core.

[0080] When the large-break switch is opened, the first reaction-force elastic member 9 is further compressed, the elastic force increases, the compression state of the second reaction-force elastic member 10 is relieved, the elastic force decreases, and the elastic force of the first reaction-force elastic member 9 acting on the moving iron core 3 is greater than the elastic force of the second reaction-force elastic member 10 acting on the moving iron core 3.

[0081] The second reaction force elastic member 10 and the first reaction force elastic member 9 are springs, specifically, compression springs or disc springs.

[0082] A coil skeleton is arranged on the outer periphery of the second static iron core 7 and the moving iron core 3, and a first drive coil 5 and a second drive coil 8 connected in series are wound on the coil skeleton. The material of the coil skeleton is an insulating material, preferably PA66, and the material of the first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8 is enameled wire. The first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8 are arranged at intervals up and down on the coil skeleton, and the first drive coil 5 is arranged close to one side of the first static iron core 103, and the second drive coil 8 is arranged close to the bottom of the second static iron core 7. The first drive coil 5 is powered on and off for normal opening and closing. Therefore, the first drive coil 5 is arranged close to one side of the first static iron core 103, which can save energy during normal opening and closing. The number of turns of the second drive coil 8 is greater than the number of turns of the first drive coil 5. See Figure 5 The first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8 have two terminals respectively, and the terminals at adjacent ends of the first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8 are connected in series. The first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8 connected in series form three terminals, namely, a terminal 200 of the first drive coil 5 itself, a terminal 202 of the second drive coil 8 itself, and a common terminal 201 of the first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8 connected in series.

[0083] In other embodiments, the first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8 may also be arranged in an inside-outside manner. For example, the second drive coil 8 is located on the inside of the coil skeleton, and the first drive coil 5 is located on the outside of the second drive coil 8 .

[0084] When the switch is closed normally, the first drive coil 5 is energized in the forward direction, the terminal 200 is connected to the positive pole, and the terminal 201 is connected to the negative pole, and the formed electrical circuit is a normal current-carrying circuit; the second drive coil 8 is not energized;

[0085] When the switch is normally opened, the first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8 are not energized;

[0086] When overload current, short circuit current or abnormal situation occurs and a large break is required to open the circuit breaker, the first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8 connected in series are energized in reverse, that is, the terminal 202 of the second drive coil 8 is connected to the positive pole, and the terminal 200 of the first drive coil 5 is connected to the negative pole;

[0087] When resetting from the large-break opening position to the normal opening position, the first drive coil 5 is de-energized, the second drive coil 8 is energized in the forward direction, the terminal 201 of the second drive coil 8 is connected to the positive pole, and the terminal 202 is connected to the negative pole.

[0088] The permanent magnet assembly includes a magnetizer 4 and a permanent magnet 40. The magnetizer 4 is located between the first drive coil 5 and one end of the moving iron core 3 having a limiting structure 31, and a permanent magnet 40 is arranged on the periphery of the magnetizer 4 to form a permanent magnet assembly. The magnetizer 4 is made of a strong magnetic material, preferably neodymium iron boron. In the present embodiment, the magnetizer 4 is an annular structure, and the magnetizer 4 has a hollow portion with two ends passing through. A limiting groove 41 is arranged at one end of the magnetizer 4 close to the limiting structure 31 of the moving iron core 3, and the limiting groove 41 is flat at the bottom of the limiting structure 31 to ensure that when the limiting structure 31 of the moving iron core is adsorbed on the limiting groove 41 of the magnetizer 4, a planar contact is formed, thereby improving the reliability of adsorption and fixation. The moving iron core 3 passes through the hollow portion of the magnetizer 4, and a gap is retained between the moving iron core 3 and the hollow portion of the magnetizer 4. When the moving iron core 3 is displaced to open the gate with a large break, the limiting structure 31 of the moving iron core 3 can be displaced to the limiting groove 41 of the magnetizer 4, and the limiting structure 31 of the moving iron core 31 is adsorbed and fixed by the limiting groove 41 of the magnetizer 4, so as to limit the displacement distance of the moving iron core 3. The limiting groove 41 is provided on the magnetizer 4, which can avoid a part of the displacement distance of the moving iron core 3, thereby shortening the distance between the permanent magnet component and the end of the moving iron core with the limiting structure, making the product structure more compact and reducing the product volume. When the permanent magnet component is not provided with a limiting groove, the distance between the end of the moving iron core with the limiting structure and the end face of the permanent magnet component must be increased to ensure that the permanent magnet component will not affect the displacement of the moving iron core during normal opening and closing. The magnetic field force of the permanent magnet component formed by the permanent magnet 40 and the magnetizer 4 is opposite to the magnetic field force generated by the first drive coil being energized when the gate is closed.

[0089] In the present embodiment, the permanent magnet assembly is an integral annular structure, which is arranged around the first drive coil 5 and the end of the moving iron core 3 having the limiting structure. In other embodiments, the permanent magnet assembly can also be provided with multiple groups, that is, more than two groups, and the more than two groups of permanent magnet assemblies are arranged in a uniform or non-uniform manner around the same plane between the first drive coil 5 and the end of the moving iron core 3 having the limiting structure. When they are arranged uniformly on the same plane, the moving iron core can be uniformly stressed during adsorption. Preferably, the uniform arrangement is illustrated by way of example: when there are two groups of permanent magnet assemblies, the two groups of permanent magnet assemblies are relatively arranged on the same plane; when there are three groups of permanent magnet assemblies, the three groups of permanent magnet assemblies are arranged on the same plane at an angle of 120 degrees; when there are four groups of permanent magnet assemblies, the four groups of permanent magnet assemblies are arranged on the same plane at an angle of 90 degrees, and so on. It should be pointed out that no matter how the permanent magnet assembly is arranged, when the permanent magnet assembly adsorbs and fixes the limiting structure of the moving iron core, the permanent magnet assembly and the limiting structure are in planar contact, which improves the reliability of adsorption and fixation.

[0090] An arc extinguishing module is arranged in the upper shell 100 on the periphery of the static contact and the moving contact. The arc extinguishing module includes an arc extinguishing fixing plate arranged in the upper shell 100, and an arc extinguishing grid 14 is arranged on the arc extinguishing fixing plate, and the arc is extinguished through the arc extinguishing grid. In order to achieve a better arc extinguishing effect, a magnetic blowing magnet and a magnetic conductive plate (not shown) are added in the upper shell 100, and the arc generated when the moving and static contacts are separated and closed is led to the arc in the arc extinguishing grid through the magnetic blowing magnet and the magnetic conductive plate to extinguish the arc. The magnetic blowing magnet is a permanent magnet, the magnetic conductive plate is a soft magnetic material, the arc extinguishing grid uses a metal material with surface electroplating, preferably copper, low carbon steel or electrical pure iron, and the arc extinguishing fixing plate is an insulating material, preferably a GPO insulating material.

[0091] The working principle of the tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor of the present invention is as follows:

[0092] Normal opening and closing:

[0093] The first drive coil 5 is energized in the positive direction, that is, the terminal 200 is connected to the positive pole, the terminal 201 is connected to the negative pole, and the second drive coil 8 is not energized. The magnetic field force of the first drive coil 5 acting on the moving iron core 3 is opposite to the attraction direction of the permanent magnet component acting on the moving iron core 3. Under the action of the magnetic field force and the elastic force of the first reaction force elastic member, the moving iron core 3 moves toward the first static iron core. At the same time, the moving contact is driven to move to the normal closing position in contact with the static contact, thereby achieving normal closing.

[0094] The first driving coil 5 is continuously energized, and the contactor is always kept in the closed state. At this time, the elastic force of the second reaction force elastic member 10 is greater than the elastic force of the first reaction force elastic member 9;

[0095] The first drive coil 5 is powered off, the magnetic field force generated by the first drive coil 5 disappears, and the moving iron core 3 realizes normal opening of the contactor under the joint action of the second reaction force elastic member 10 and the gravity of the moving iron core and the moving contact (when the gravity of the moving iron core and the moving contact is considered).

[0096] Normal opening and closing is a basic function of existing contactors, and the actions of various mechanisms for normal opening and closing are also existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0097] Tripping under abnormal conditions:

[0098] When an overload or short-circuit current occurs or when an abnormal situation occurs, such as an accident such as a vehicle collision, the first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8 connected in series are energized in the reverse direction through capacitor discharge or battery short-circuit discharge. The direction of the current of the reverse energization is opposite to the direction of the current of the first drive coil when the switch is normally closed, that is, the terminal 202 of the second drive coil 8 is connected to the positive pole, and the terminal 200 of the first drive coil 5 is connected to the negative pole. The magnetic field force generated by the first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8 connected in series is in the same direction as the attraction direction of the permanent magnet component. Under the joint action of the first drive coil 5, the second drive coil 8, and the second reaction force elastic member 10, the moving iron core 3 drives the moving contact 2 to separate from the static contact and then first moves to the normal opening position. At this time, the elastic forces of the second reaction force elastic member 10 and the first reaction force elastic member 9 are in a balanced state;

[0099] The moving iron core 3 continues to move under the action of the magnetic field force of the first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8, breaking the elastic force balance between the second reaction force elastic member 10 and the first reaction force elastic member 9, shortening the gap between the moving iron core 3 and the permanent magnet assembly, and then under the joint action of the magnetic field force of the first drive coil 5, the second drive coil 8 and the permanent magnet assembly, the moving iron core 3 drives the moving contact 2 to continue to move until the permanent magnet assembly adsorbs the limiting structure 41 of the moving iron core 3 on the magnetic conductor 4. At this time, the other end of the moving iron core 3 is in contact with the second static iron core 7. A large-break opening state is formed between the heads (1, 13); then the first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil connected in series are powered off, and under the adsorption force of the permanent magnet component, a large-break opening state is maintained between the moving contact 2 and the static contact (1, 13). At this time, the second reaction force elastic member 10 is in a compression-relaxed state, and the first reaction force elastic member 9 is in a further compression state. The elastic force of the first reaction force elastic member 9 is greater than the elastic force of the second reaction force elastic member 10, and the elastic force difference between the first reaction force elastic member and the second reaction force elastic member is less than the adsorption force of the permanent magnet component.

[0100] Reset of various mechanisms after abnormal opening: various mechanisms here refer to the moving iron core, the moving contact, the first reaction force elastic member, and the second reaction force elastic member.

[0101] When there is an overload or short-circuit current or when the abnormal situation has been resolved and the electrical circuit has the ability to reset, the second drive coil 8 is energized in the forward direction through capacitor discharge or battery short-circuit discharge. At this time, the first drive coil 5 is not energized, and the direction of the energized current is the same as the direction of the forward energized current of the first drive coil when the switch is normally closed, that is, the terminal 201 of the second drive coil 8 is connected to the positive pole, and the terminal 202 is connected to the negative pole. The magnetic field force generated by the second drive coil 8 is opposite to the direction of the attraction of the permanent magnet component; under the joint action of the magnetic field force generated by the second drive coil 8 and the elastic force of the first reaction force elastic member 9, the magnetic field force of the permanent magnet component and the elastic force of the second reaction force elastic member 10 are overcome, and the moving iron core 3 is driven to drive the moving contact to move to the normal opening position until the elastic forces of the second reaction force elastic member 10 and the first reaction force elastic member 9 reach a balance. Due to the increase in the gap distance between the permanent magnet component and the moving iron core, the magnetic field force of the permanent magnet component acting on the moving iron core in the normal opening position can be ignored, and then the second drive coil 8 is de-energized. After all mechanisms are reset, when normal opening and closing is required, the first drive coil can be powered on and off according to the normal opening and closing requirements.

[0102] In other embodiments, the reset of each mechanism after abnormal opening can directly reset each mechanism to the normal closing position. When resetting to the normal opening position, it is only necessary to energize the second drive coil 8 in the forward direction while energizing the first drive coil 5 in the forward direction, so as to directly reset from the large-break opening position to the normal closing position. Alternatively, the first drive coil 5 is not energized, and the current and time of the second drive coil 8 are increased to directly reset each mechanism to the normal closing position.

[0103] The three-stable permanent magnetic contactor of the present invention, the power supply of the first drive coil 5, the second drive coil 8 and the first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8 connected in series are controlled by the control module, and the control module sends the opening and closing instructions to control the pulse discharge or short-circuit discharge to achieve normal opening and closing, opening in overload or short-circuit fault and abnormal situation, and reset after overload or abnormal opening. Figure 6 , the detection module 301 detects the current of the circuit loop in real time, and sends the detection result to the control module 302. When the current detected by the detection module 301 is an overload or short-circuit current, the control module 302 sends a large-break opening instruction in the event of an overload or short-circuit abnormality to the energy storage module 303 according to the received overload or short-circuit current detection result. The energy storage module 303 is a capacitor energy storage 304 or a battery energy storage 305, which controls the capacitor energy storage 304 or the battery energy storage 305 to perform pulse discharge or short-circuit discharge to the drive coil 306 (that is, the first drive coil 5 and the second drive coil 8 in the above embodiment), and then the magnetic field force generated by the first drive coil and the second drive coil drives the contactor contact system 307 (moving contact, static contact) to perform a large-break opening in the event of an overload or short-circuit abnormality.

[0104] The current signal detected by the detection module 301 can also be sent to the client's control system 308, and the control system 308 sends an external instruction to the control module 302, and the large-break opening instruction in the event of an overload or short circuit abnormality is sent to the control module 302 in the form of an external instruction to perform large-break opening in the event of an overload or short circuit abnormality.

[0105] Normal opening and closing instructions, large-break opening instructions in abnormal situations, and reset instructions after overload or abnormal opening are also sent to the control module 302 by the control system 308 in the form of external instructions to perform normal opening and closing, large-break opening in abnormal situations, and reset after overload or abnormal opening.

[0106] Therefore, the opening and closing instructions sent by the control module 302 include opening and closing instructions under normal circumstances, large-break opening instructions during overload or short-circuit faults, large-break opening instructions during abnormal situations, and reset after overload or abnormal opening.

[0107] The detection module 301 can be arranged in the tristable permanent magnet contactor of the present invention, or in the client using the tristable permanent magnet contactor, for detecting the overload or short-circuit current of the circuit loop. The control module 302 and the energy storage module 303 can also be arranged in the tristable permanent magnet contactor of the present invention, or in the client using the tristable permanent magnet contactor, according to design requirements, and realize capacitor pulse discharge or battery short-circuit discharge by connecting with the tristable permanent magnet contactor drive coil of the present invention.

[0108] In the above embodiment, the driving coils are two driving coils connected in series, and the reaction force elastic members are two reaction force elastic members arranged at both ends of the moving iron core. In other embodiments, the driving coil can be one, and when the switch is closed normally, the driving coil is energized in the forward direction, and the contact system is closed; when the switch is opened, the driving coil is de-energized and opens; when the switch is opened at a large break, the driving coil is energized in the reverse direction to achieve a large break opening; when resetting from the large break opening position, the driving coil is energized in the forward direction, and the energizing current and energizing time of the driving coil are adjusted to achieve resetting the movable large break opening position to the normal opening position.

[0109] In other embodiments, the second reaction force elastic member may be removed, and only the first reaction force elastic member is retained. When only the first reaction force elastic member is retained, the switch needs to be opened by relying on the gravity of the moving iron core and the moving contact, that is, the contactor needs to be placed vertically during installation.

Claims

1. A tri-stable permanent magnet contactor, characterized in that: It includes a drive system and a contact system, the drive system and the contact system are insulated, the drive system includes a drive coil, a permanent magnet assembly, a moving iron core, a first static iron core, a second static iron core, and a first reaction force elastic member; the contact system includes a moving contact and a static contact; The first static iron core and the second static iron core are respectively fixedly arranged at two ends of the moving iron core in the moving direction, wherein the first static iron core is located between the moving iron core and the moving contact, and the second static iron core is arranged close to an end of the moving iron core away from the moving contact; in an initial state, an air gap is respectively arranged between the first static iron core and the second static iron core and the moving iron core to allow the moving iron core to move; The first reaction force elastic member is arranged between the second static iron core and the movable iron core, and the first reaction force elastic member is always in a compressed state; The moving iron core is mechanically linked with the moving contact, and in an initial state, the moving contact is located at a position when the static contact is normally disconnected; The moving iron core comprises a moving iron core body and a limiting structure, wherein the limiting structure is fixedly located on the outer periphery of the moving iron core body and protrudes from the surface of the moving iron core body; the permanent magnet assembly is fixedly arranged at the limiting structure close to the moving iron core, and the limiting structure is located between the first static iron core and the permanent magnet assembly; one end of the moving iron core close to the moving contact is located between the first static iron core and the permanent magnet assembly; in an initial state, a displacement gap is arranged between the limiting structure and the permanent magnet assembly for the moving iron core to move; Under normal circumstances, the driving coil is energized in the forward direction, and the magnetic field force of the driving coil acting on the moving iron core is opposite to the direction of the attraction of the permanent magnet component on the moving iron core. Under the action of the magnetic field force and the elastic force of the first reaction elastic member, the moving iron core moves toward the first static iron core and closes the air gap between the moving iron core and the first static iron core for the moving iron core to move. One end of the moving iron core close to the moving contact is attracted to the first static iron core, and at the same time, the moving contact is driven to move to a normal closing position in contact with the static contact, thereby achieving normal closing. When the electrical circuit where the tristable permanent magnetic contactor is located is in a normal state, the driving coil is powered off, the magnetic field force of the driving coil acting on the moving iron core disappears, the moving iron core returns to its initial state position, and at the same time drives the moving contact to move to a normal opening position separated from the static contact, thereby achieving normal opening; When an overload current, a short circuit current or an abnormal situation occurs in the electrical main circuit where the tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor is located, the drive coil is energized in reverse, and the magnetic field force of the drive coil acting on the moving iron core is in the same direction as the attractive force of the permanent magnetic component acting on the moving iron core. Under the action of the magnetic field force and the attractive force of the permanent magnetic component, the moving iron core moves toward the direction close to the second static iron core, and at the same time drives the moving contact to move from the normal closing position, through the normal opening position and continue to move to the large-break opening position away from the static contact. At this time, the limiting structure of the moving iron core is adsorbed and fixed on the permanent magnetic component to achieve large-break opening; When the overload current, short-circuit current or abnormal situation disappears and the main circuit is ready for resetting, the drive coil is energized in the forward direction, and the energizing current and energizing time of the drive coil are changed at the same time. The magnetic field force of the drive coil acting on the moving iron core is opposite to the attractive force of the permanent magnet component on the moving iron core, and the magnetic field force is greater than the attractive force, so that the moving iron core is displaced under the elastic force of the first reaction force elastic member and drives the moving contact to move. The moving contact is reset from the large-break opening position to the normal opening position, or, as needed, is displaced from the large-break opening position to the normal closing position.

2. The tri-stable permanent magnet contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting structure is located at the edge of one end surface of the moving iron core close to the first static iron core; in the initial state, the air gap provided between the first static iron core and the moving iron core for the moving iron core to move is the first air gap, and the first air gap is the gap between the first static iron core and the limiting structure; When the switch is closed normally, the moving iron core moves toward the first static iron core to close the first air gap, and the first static iron core absorbs the limiting structure of the moving iron core to form a closed magnetic circuit.

3. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the initial state, the air gap between the second static iron core and the moving iron core that allows the moving iron core to move is the second air gap; when the large break is opened, the moving iron core moves toward the second static iron core to close the second air gap, and the second static iron core absorbs and fixes the moving iron core to form a closed magnetic circuit.

4. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive system and the contact system are located in different chambers, and the different chambers are insulated from each other.

5. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnet assembly is an integral annular structure, and is disposed between the driving coil and the first static iron core, and one end of the moving iron core close to the first static iron core passes through the hollow portion of the annular structure of the permanent magnet assembly; Alternatively, the permanent magnet components are multiple groups, which are evenly arranged around the moving iron core and located between the drive coil and the first static iron core, and the end of the moving iron core close to the first static iron core passes through the multiple groups of permanent magnet components; the end of the moving iron core close to the first static iron core is located between the first static iron core and the permanent magnet component, and when the large break is opened, the end of the moving iron core close to the first static iron core is adsorbed and fixed on the permanent magnet component.

6. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The permanent magnet assembly includes a magnetizer and a permanent magnet, wherein the permanent magnet is located at the periphery of the magnetizer.

7. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: A limiting groove is provided on one end of the magnetic body toward the moving contact. When the three-stable permanent magnetic contactor is normally closed or opened, a movement gap which does not affect the movement of the moving iron core is retained between the moving iron core and the magnetic body. When the three-stable permanent magnetic contactor realizes large-break opening, the limiting structure of the moving iron core is adsorbed on the limiting groove of the magnetic body.

8. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving iron core and the moving contact are connected through a connecting assembly to form a mechanical linkage; the connecting assembly includes a guide rod and a pull rod, the guide rod is passed through and fixed on the moving iron core, one end of the guide rod is passed through the guide channel of the second static iron core, and the other end of the guide rod is detachably connected to the pull rod, and the pull rod passes through the first static iron core and is connected to the moving contact.

9. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: A support plate is detachably mounted on the pull rod, a contact spring is arranged on the support plate, and the moving contact is connected to the contact spring.

10. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving coil is energized by capacitor pulse discharge or battery short circuit discharge.

11. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control module and an energy storage module. The control module acts according to the received external instructions or the overload or short-circuit current instructions detected by the tri-stable permanent magnet contactor itself, sends opening and closing instructions to the energy storage module, and controls the energy storage module to energize the drive coil through capacitor pulse discharge or battery short-circuit discharge.

12. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to claim 11, characterized in that: A detection module is provided in the tri-stable permanent magnet contactor for detecting the main circuit current and sending the detection result to the control module.

13. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: It also includes a second reaction force elastic member, which is arranged between the moving iron core and the first static iron core, and the second reaction force elastic member is always in a compressed state.

14. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to claim 13, characterized in that: The second reaction force elastic member and the first reaction force elastic member are each a compression spring or a disc spring.

15. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to claim 13, characterized in that: The drive coil comprises a first drive coil and a second drive coil, and the first drive coil and the second drive coil are connected in series; the first drive coil and the second drive coil can be energized separately to generate a magnetic field force, or the first drive coil and the second drive coil connected in series can be energized to jointly generate a magnetic field force; when the first drive coil is energized separately in the forward direction, the direction of the magnetic field force generated by the first drive coil and acting on the moving iron core is opposite to the direction of the attraction of the permanent magnet component acting on the moving iron core; the magnetic field force generated when the first drive coil is energized separately in the forward direction is the same as the direction of the magnetic field force generated when the second drive coil is energized separately in the forward direction, and the magnetic field force generated when the first drive coil is energized separately in the forward direction is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field force jointly generated by the first drive coil and the second drive coil connected in series when they are energized in the reverse direction; Under normal circumstances, when the second drive coil is powered off, the first drive coil is energized in the forward direction, and the three-stable permanent magnetic contactor is normally closed; when the first drive coil is powered off, the three-stable permanent magnetic contactor is normally opened; When an overload current, a short circuit current or an abnormal situation occurs, the first drive coil and the second drive coil connected in series are energized in the reverse direction, a large break is formed between the moving contact and the static contact, and the permanent magnet component absorbs and fixes the moving iron core; When the overload current, short-circuit current or abnormal situation disappears and the main circuit has the reset condition, the first drive coil is de-energized and the second drive coil is energized in the forward direction, so that the various mechanisms when the large-break is opened are reset to the position when they are normally opened, or, as needed, moved from the position when the large-break is opened to the normal closed position.

16. The tri-stable permanent magnetic contactor according to claim 15, characterized in that: The first drive coil and the second drive coil are arranged vertically and spaced apart, the first drive coil is close to one side of the first static iron core, and the second drive coil is close to one side of the second static iron core.

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