Miniaturized multichannel 5G anti-interference filter and design method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter and a design method thereof, and relates to the technical field of filters, and the miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter comprises a first resonant cavity and a second resonant cavity which are separated by a broken-line-shaped isolation plate; the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity are respectively provided with a single resonant chain; each resonance chain comprises an input end, an input end tapped resonance column, a plurality of common resonance columns, an output end tapped resonance column and an output end which are coaxially connected in sequence; each resonant column is elliptical, the long axis of each resonant column is collinearly arranged in the corresponding resonant chain, and the resonant columns comprise an input end tapped resonant column, an input end tapped resonant column and a common resonant column; the broken-line-shaped isolation plate comprises a plurality of pairs of isolation plate sets, each pair of isolation plate sets comprises a first isolation plate and a second isolation plate which are combined in a V-shaped groove mode, and each V-shaped groove corresponds to one resonant column. According to the filter, the signal isolation and anti-interference capabilities are remarkably improved, and the stability and synchronism of multi-channel parallel transmission are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of filter technology, and in particular to a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter is a filter used in 5G communication systems. It is designed to ensure the quality and stability of 5G network signals by accurately and selectively filtering and suppressing interference signals in specific frequency bands. Due to the dense spectrum of 5G communication systems, multiple channels may interfere with each other, affecting the transmission quality of signals. By designing a multi-channel filtering function, the filter can effectively isolate signals in different frequency bands, reduce interference, and improve signal clarity and transmission speed.

[0003] In 5G communication systems, spectrum resources are extremely valuable and frequency bands are relatively crowded, so anti-interference filters are essential to ensure signal quality. As data transmission speeds and the number of devices increase, anti-interference filters can effectively isolate irrelevant signals, reduce noise, and improve the signal strength and stability of the system, ensuring the efficient operation and widespread application of 5G networks.

[0004] However, existing filters often only focus on integration and miniaturization in the process of designing multi-channel filters, and do not fully consider the non-ideal coupling between different adjacent resonant cavities, that is, the electromagnetic coupling interference between channels, which leads to group delay differences in different channels and causes asynchronous problems in multi-channel parallel transmission. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter, which can solve the technical problem that the filters in the prior art often only focus on integration and miniaturization in the process of designing multi-channel filters, and do not fully consider the non-ideal coupling between different adjacent resonant cavities, that is, the electromagnetic coupling interference between channels, resulting in group delay differences in different channels and asynchronous multi-channel parallel transmission.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter is provided, comprising: a first resonant cavity and a second resonant cavity separated by a zigzag isolation plate;

[0007] The first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity each have a single resonant chain;

[0008] Each resonant chain includes an input end, an input end tapped resonant column, a plurality of common resonant columns, an output end tapped resonant column, and an output end which are coaxially connected in sequence;

[0009] Each resonant column is elliptical, and the long axis of each resonant column is collinearly arranged in the corresponding resonant chain, wherein the resonant column includes an input-end tap resonant column, an input-end tap resonant column and a common resonant column;

[0010] The broken-line isolation plate comprises a plurality of pairs of isolation plate groups, each pair of isolation plate groups comprises a first isolation plate and a second isolation plate in a V-shaped groove combination, and each V-shaped groove corresponds to a resonant column.

[0011] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter, including:

[0012] S1: Get the filter passband of the resonant cavity;

[0013] S2: Determine the size of the resonant column in the resonant chain with the goal of achieving passband widening and out-of-band suppression simultaneously in the filter passband;

[0014] S3: To ensure the stability of the coupling strength between adjacent resonant columns in the same resonant chain, the spacing parameters between adjacent resonant columns in the same resonant chain are determined according to the ellipse axis ratio;

[0015] S4: In combination with the size of the resonant column, the straight-line distances between the resonant columns belonging to different resonant cavities are determined respectively with the goal of minimizing the non-ideal coupling between the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity;

[0016] S5: Set the filter according to the resonant column size, spacing parameters and straight-line distance.

[0017] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, the design of a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter not only reduces the volume of the filter but also effectively reduces the electromagnetic coupling interference between adjacent channels through the integrated combination of a zigzag isolation plate and a V-groove, solving the problem of group delay difference caused by the traditional filter ignoring the non-ideal coupling between channels in the multi-channel design. In this filter, the long axes of the elliptical resonant columns are arranged in a colinear manner, making the signal transmission more balanced and reducing the inconsistency between channels. In addition, the isolation plate structure of the V-groove further optimizes the signal isolation effect, improves the anti-interference ability, and enables multi-channel parallel transmission to achieve synchronous transmission. The filter significantly improves the signal isolation and anti-interference ability by optimizing the arrangement of the resonant columns, the zigzag isolation plate and the V-groove design, ensuring the stability and synchronization of multi-channel parallel transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate specific embodiments and are not considered to limit the present invention. In the entire drawings, the same reference symbols represent the same components. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a method for designing a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals:

[0023] 1. A zigzag isolation plate; 101. A first isolation plate; 102. A second isolation plate; 2. A first resonant cavity; 3. A second resonant cavity; 401. An input terminal; 402. A tapped resonant column at the input terminal; 403. An ordinary resonant column; 404. A tapped resonant column at the output terminal; 405. An output terminal; 406. A connecting hole; 407. A coupling reinforcement rib; 408. An input terminal; 409. An output terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below through specific embodiments and their application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Reference Manual Attached Figure 1 , showing a schematic structural diagram of a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1The structure diagram of a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter is shown. The components in the figure include: a first resonant cavity 2 and a second resonant cavity 3: the two resonant cavities are separated by a zigzag isolation plate 1, and each resonant cavity has an independent resonant chain. The function of the zigzag isolation plate is to reduce the electromagnetic coupling interference between adjacent channels, thereby improving the isolation and anti-interference ability of the signal. Resonant chain: each resonant chain includes an input end 401, an input end tap resonant column 402, a plurality of ordinary resonant columns 403, an output end tap resonant column 404, and an output end 405. Each resonant column is elliptical, and their long axes are arranged in a collinear manner in the same resonant chain. This design helps to balance signal transmission and reduce inconsistency between channels. Connection hole 406 and wiring terminals 408, 409: the input end tap resonant column 402 and the output end tap resonant column 403 are respectively provided with connection holes 406 for connecting the wiring terminals 408 and 409 of the input end and the output end. These connection holes are used for signal transmission and access to ensure the connection between the filter and the external circuit. Coupling reinforcement ribs 407: Adjacent resonant columns are connected by coupling reinforcement ribs 407. The design of coupling reinforcement ribs helps to adjust the coupling strength between adjacent resonant columns and ensure the consistency and stability of signal transmission. V-grooves 101 and 102 of the isolation plate: The zigzag isolation plate includes a plurality of V-grooves, each V-groove corresponding to a resonant column. This design effectively reduces electromagnetic interference between different channels and ensures that signals can be clearly transmitted in different frequency bands.

[0028] It should be noted that the filter design achieves a miniaturized and efficient signal isolation effect through a combination of a zigzag isolation plate, a V-shaped groove, an elliptical resonant column and coupling reinforcement ribs, effectively reducing interference between adjacent channels and ensuring stable signal transmission in the 5G communication system.

[0029] An embodiment of the present invention provides a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter, comprising:

[0030] The first resonant cavity 2 and the second resonant cavity 3 are separated by a zigzag isolation plate 1 .

[0031] The first resonant cavity 2 and the second resonant cavity 3 each have a single resonant chain.

[0032] Each resonant chain includes an input end 401 , an input end tapped resonant column 402 , a plurality of common resonant columns 403 , an output end tapped resonant column 404 , and an output end 405 , which are coaxially connected in sequence.

[0033] Each resonant column is elliptical, and the long axis of each resonant column is collinearly arranged in the corresponding resonant chain, wherein the resonant column includes an input-end tap resonant column 402 , an output-end tap resonant column 404 , and a common resonant column 403 .

[0034] The zigzag isolation plate 1 includes a plurality of isolation plate pairs, each of which includes a first isolation plate 101 and a second isolation plate 102 in a V-shaped groove combination, and each V-shaped groove corresponds to a resonant column.

[0035] Among them, the function of the zigzag isolation plate 1 is to physically separate the two resonant cavities of the filter, the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity, to avoid electromagnetic interference between channels. The zigzag structure helps to optimize the spatial layout and improve the isolation effect. Each resonant cavity in the first resonant cavity 2 and the second resonant cavity 3 includes an independent resonant chain, which is designed to effectively perform parallel signal filtering between different signal frequency bands to ensure synchronous transmission of signals. Each resonant chain is composed of multiple components, including an input end 401, an input end tap resonant column 402, a plurality of ordinary resonant columns 403, an output end tap resonant column 404, and an output end 405. Among them, the number of ordinary resonant columns can be set as needed. These components work together to transmit signals through electromagnetic coupling and effectively perform frequency band filtering. The resonant column adopts an elliptical design, and its long axis is arranged in a colinear manner in the same resonant chain. The elliptical resonant column helps to improve the bandwidth characteristics of the filter and optimize the transmission and coupling of signals. Each pair of isolation plate groups in the V-groove isolation plate is composed of a V-groove, which effectively reduces electromagnetic interference between adjacent channels and ensures signal isolation between each resonant column, thereby improving the anti-interference ability of the filter.

[0036] Specifically, the miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter achieves efficient signal isolation and anti-interference functions by adopting a combined design of a zigzag isolation plate and a V-groove. The filter consists of multiple resonant cavities, each of which has an independent resonant chain, and performs signal filtering through an elliptical resonant column. The colinear arrangement of the long axes of these resonant columns makes the signal transmission more balanced and reduces the inconsistency between channels. The V-groove isolation plate effectively reduces the electromagnetic coupling interference between adjacent channels and ensures the stable transmission of the signal. This design not only achieves miniaturization and efficient anti-interference capabilities, but also optimizes multi-channel parallel transmission, ensuring signal quality and system stability.

[0037] In an embodiment of the present invention, the design of a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter not only reduces the volume of the filter but also effectively reduces the electromagnetic coupling interference between adjacent channels through the integrated combination of a zigzag isolation plate and a V-groove, solving the problem of group delay difference caused by the traditional filter ignoring the non-ideal coupling between channels in the multi-channel design. In this filter, the long axes of the elliptical resonant columns are arranged in a colinear manner, making the signal transmission more balanced and reducing the inconsistency between channels. In addition, the isolation plate structure of the V-groove further optimizes the signal isolation effect, improves the anti-interference ability, and enables multi-channel parallel transmission to achieve synchronous transmission. The filter significantly improves the signal isolation and anti-interference ability by optimizing the arrangement of the resonant columns, the zigzag isolation plate and the V-groove design, ensuring the stability and synchronization of multi-channel parallel transmission.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the input-end tap resonant column 402 and the output-end tap resonant column 403 are respectively provided with connection holes 406 on the corresponding input end side and output end side, and the connection holes 406 are used to connect the input-end wiring terminal 408 and the output-end wiring terminal 409 .

[0039] It should be noted that the input tap resonant column 402 and the output tap resonant column 404 are provided with connection holes 406 on one side of the input end and the output end, respectively. These connection holes are used to connect the input terminal 408 and the output terminal 409 to the resonant column of the filter to realize the input and output of the signal. Through this design, the filter can be effectively connected to the external circuit and transmit the processed signal.

[0040] In a possible implementation manner, adjacent resonant columns in each resonant chain are connected via coupling reinforcement ribs 407 .

[0041] It should be noted that the adjacent resonant columns in each resonant chain are connected by coupling reinforcement ribs 407, and the coupling reinforcement ribs are used to adjust the electromagnetic coupling strength between adjacent resonant columns to ensure the consistency and stability of signal transmission. It helps to optimize signal transmission and reduce signal loss or interference caused by unbalanced coupling, thereby improving the overall performance of the filter.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the two resonant columns closest to each other in the first resonant cavity 2 and the second resonant cavity 3 are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the isolation plate, wherein the isolation plate includes a first isolation plate 101 and a second isolation plate 102 .

[0043] It should be noted that the two closest resonant columns in the first resonant cavity 2 and the second resonant cavity 3 are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the zigzag isolation plate. This design ensures the symmetry between the two resonant cavities, which helps to balance the transmission of signals and reduce electromagnetic interference. The isolation plate is composed of a first isolation plate 101 and a second isolation plate 102. Through this symmetrical structure, the signal isolation performance of the filter can be effectively improved and the coupling interference between channels can be reduced.

[0044] Reference Manual Attached Figure 2 , showing a flow chart of a method for designing a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter, the method comprising:

[0046] S1: Get the filter passband of the resonant cavity.

[0047] The filter passband refers to the frequency range in which the filter allows the signal to pass without significant attenuation, usually described by the center frequency and bandwidth. Obtaining the operating frequency range required by the resonant cavity, that is, the filter passband, including the center frequency and bandwidth, provides a basic basis for the design of the subsequent resonant column size and coupling parameters, ensuring that the filter operates within the target frequency band and has good frequency selectivity and signal pass performance.

[0048] In a possible implementation, the resonant cavity includes a first resonant cavity and a second resonant cavity.

[0049] S2: Determine the size of the resonant column in the resonant chain with the goal of simultaneously achieving passband widening and out-of-band suppression in the filter passband.

[0050] Among them, passband widening is to expand the passband width of the filter so that it can pass a wider range of target frequency signals. Out-of-band suppression is to suppress signals outside the passband to prevent interference from irrelevant frequency bands from entering the system.

[0051] It should be noted that, according to the obtained filter passband parameters, the size of each resonant column in the resonant chain is reasonably designed to meet the goals of passband widening and out-of-band suppression. The size of the resonant column determines the resonant frequency and electromagnetic coupling characteristics, and the dimensional accuracy directly affects the passband width and suppression effect of the filter, so as to achieve structural miniaturization and response accuracy while meeting the performance requirements.

[0052] In a possible implementation, S2 specifically includes:

[0053] S201: Acquire design parameters of a resonant column, wherein the design parameters include a filter passband center frequency, a filter passband bandwidth, and a desired out-of-band suppression ratio of the resonant column.

[0054] Among them, the filter passband center frequency refers to the middle frequency of the filter passband (the frequency range that allows signals to pass). This frequency determines the main signal frequency band served by the filter and is the most core frequency parameter in the design. For example, for the n78 band, the center frequency may be 3.5GHz. The filter passband bandwidth refers to the width of the filter passband, that is, the size of the frequency range allowed to pass. The wider the bandwidth, the larger the signal frequency range that the filter can transmit. The narrower the bandwidth, the stronger the selectivity. When designing, it is necessary to balance the passband widening and suppression ability. The expected out-of-band suppression ratio of the resonant column (indicates the degree of suppression of signals outside the passband (not desired to pass), usually in decibels (dB). This parameter affects the filter's ability to shield interference signals and is an important indicator of anti-interference performance.

[0055] S202: Determine an elliptical axis ratio between a major axis of the resonant column and a minor axis of the resonant column based on design parameters.

[0056] The calculation formula of the ellipse axis ratio is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Among them, k represents the ellipse axis ratio, f0 represents the filter passband center frequency, Δf represents the filter passband bandwidth, h represents the expected out-of-band suppression ratio of the resonant column, and a and b represent the major axis and minor axis of the resonant column, respectively.

[0059] It should be noted that by introducing the joint regulation of bandwidth and suppression ratio, the shape of the resonant column can be dynamically adjusted to optimize the electromagnetic field distribution, taking into account the needs of passband widening and out-of-band suppression. This method is more flexible than the traditional fixed axis ratio and helps to achieve the miniaturization design of high-performance filters.

[0060] S203: Calculate the electromagnetic radius of the resonant column.

[0061] The electromagnetic radius is calculated as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Where r represents the electromagnetic radius, c represents the speed of light, and ∈ represents the filter dielectric constant associated with the filter material.

[0064] in, In order to compensate for the influence of the elliptical shape on the electromagnetic field, the elliptical resonant column will introduce an edge capacitance effect (that is, the curvature of the ellipse will cause uneven distribution of the electric field). This correction term can effectively compensate for this influence.

[0065] Among them, the electromagnetic radius is an effective parameter to describe the interaction between the resonant column and the electromagnetic field. It is related to factors such as the physical size, operating frequency, dielectric constant, and axial ratio of the resonant column. In the design of filters and resonators, the electromagnetic radius is used to optimize the propagation of electromagnetic waves and adjust the coupling effect of signals, thereby achieving more accurate frequency selectivity and efficient signal transmission.

[0066] S204: Taking the electromagnetic radius as the major axis of the resonance column, and determining the minor axis of the resonance column based on the ellipse axis ratio, to obtain the size of the resonance column.

[0067] Specifically, by obtaining key design parameters such as the filter passband center frequency, bandwidth, and expected out-of-band suppression ratio, the elliptical axis ratio of the resonant column is calculated. The electromagnetic radius calculation formula is further combined to consider the influence of the elliptical structure on the edge electric field distribution, and a correction term is introduced for compensation to ensure that the electromagnetic field distribution is more uniform and realistic. The calculated electromagnetic radius is used as the major axis of the resonant column, and the minor axis size is inferred from the axis ratio to accurately determine the geometric structure of the elliptical resonant column. This method not only improves the scientificity of the size design and electromagnetic compatibility, but also enables the filter to have better bandwidth control and out-of-band suppression capabilities while achieving miniaturization.

[0068] S3: With the goal of ensuring the stability of the coupling strength between adjacent resonant columns in the same resonant chain, the spacing parameters between adjacent resonant columns in the same resonant chain are determined according to the ellipse axis ratio.

[0069] Among them, the stability of coupling strength refers to the uniformity and gentle changes of the electromagnetic coupling between adjacent resonant columns, avoiding local excessive or weak coupling. The elliptical axis ratio refers to the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the elliptical resonant column. This parameter affects the electric field distribution and coupling characteristics. By adjusting the spacing between adjacent resonant columns in combination with the elliptical axis ratio, the coupling strength is kept stable throughout the resonant chain, avoiding frequency drift, passband ripple or filtering distortion caused by local coupling mutations. This design improves the stability and consistency of the filter and enhances the bandwidth control accuracy, making it suitable for 5G multi-channel systems with high-speed and high-fidelity signals.

[0070] In a possible implementation, the spacing parameters include a start-end spacing difference between a maximum spacing and a minimum spacing of adjacent resonant columns and a spacing gradient between adjacent resonant columns.

[0071] It should be noted that the spacing parameter achieves fine control of the coupling strength by setting the difference between the maximum spacing and the minimum spacing between adjacent resonant columns (the difference between the first and the last spacing) and the gradual change amplitude of the spacing between each pair of resonant columns (the spacing gradient). This design helps to maintain a smooth transition of the coupling strength along the resonant chain, avoids the instability of the filtering performance caused by local mutations, and improves the consistency of the passband and the reliability of the overall filter.

[0072] In a possible implementation, S3 specifically includes:

[0073] S301: Determine the head-to-end spacing difference with the goal of not exceeding the expected signal wavelength.

[0074] The calculation method of the first and last spacing difference is as follows:

[0075] d max -d min =ρλ0

[0076]

[0077] Among them, d max and d min They represent the maximum and minimum spacing between adjacent resonant columns respectively, ρ represents the signal wavelength correction parameter, λ0 represents the working wavelength of the resonant column, and ρλ0 represents the expected signal wavelength.

[0078] Optionally, the signal wavelength correction parameter may be set to 0.15. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may set the desired signal wavelength according to actual needs, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The purpose of setting the head-to-end spacing difference is to avoid excessive spacing differences, resulting in unbalanced signal coupling, and affecting the transmission quality of the signal and the out-of-band suppression effect.

[0079] S302: Determine the pitch variation rate in combination with the ellipse axis ratio.

[0080] The calculation method of the pitch change rate is as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Wherein, Δd represents the pitch change rate.

[0083] Among them, the spacing gradient controls the gradual change of the spacing between the resonant columns. In particular, when the axis ratio of the ellipse changes, the spacing gradient will also be adjusted accordingly to ensure a smooth transition of the coupling strength between resonant columns of different shapes. The change in the axis ratio of the ellipse reflects the change in the shape of the ellipse, affecting the electric field distribution and coupling strength. Therefore, the spacing gradient needs to be adjusted dynamically to ensure that the coupling in the design is not too strong or too weak.

[0084] Specifically, this process precisely adjusts the coupling distribution between the resonant columns by controlling the difference in spacing between the first and last parts and the spacing gradient, so that the coupling strength of the entire resonant chain remains gradual rather than abrupt, avoiding frequency response fluctuations or passband distortion caused by excessive or weak local electric fields. At the same time, the gradient is adjusted in combination with the elliptical axis ratio to achieve adaptive coupling control for resonant columns of different shapes. Overall, this design method not only enhances the flatness and stability of the filter passband, but also improves the dual control capabilities of bandwidth and out-of-band suppression.

[0085] S4: In combination with the size of the resonant column, the straight-line distances between the resonant columns belonging to different resonant cavities are determined respectively with the goal of minimizing the non-ideal coupling between the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity.

[0086] Among them, non-ideal coupling refers to unexpected and undesigned coupling behavior, especially the interfering coupling between different channels (resonant cavities). The straight-line distance here specifically refers to the physical straight-line distance between the centers of two adjacent resonant columns belonging to different resonant cavities, which is a key parameter for regulating the coupling strength.

[0087] It should be noted that by accurately calculating the straight-line distance between the resonant columns of different resonant cavities, non-ideal electromagnetic coupling is suppressed, and the interference between channels is effectively reduced. This method combines the resonant column size and the electromagnetic coupling principle to improve the signal isolation and spectrum purity while ensuring the compact structure of the filter, ensuring the synchronization of multi-channel parallel transmission and system stability.

[0088] In a possible implementation, S4 specifically includes:

[0089] S401: Establishing a phase interference model of the V-groove, wherein the phase interference model includes a phase difference between adjacent resonant columns belonging to different resonant cavities.

[0090] Among them, the phase interference model is based on the interference principle of electromagnetic waves and is used to analyze the effect of the phase difference between two resonant columns on the signal coupling strength. It is especially suitable for interference modeling between adjacent resonant cavities. The phase difference represents the phase change of electromagnetic waves in the propagation path and is used to determine whether it is constructive interference (enhancement) or destructive interference (suppression).

[0091] The phase interference model is as follows:

[0092]

[0093] d=d1+d2

[0094] d1=d2

[0095] Among them, Δφ represents the phase difference, π represents the pi, λ0 represents the operating wavelength of the resonant column, sin represents the sine function, θ represents the V-groove angle, d represents the straight-line distance between adjacent resonant columns, R represents the circumscribed circle radius of the target triangle, d1 and d2 represent the straight-line distances of the lines connecting the centers of the ellipses corresponding to the resonant columns belonging to different resonant cavities relative to the intersection of the isolation plate, wherein the intersection of the isolation plate is the intersection of the lines connecting the centers of the ellipses corresponding to the resonant columns belonging to different resonant cavities and the isolation plate, wherein one side of the target triangle is d / 2, the diagonal angle of the d / 2 side length is θ / 2, and the three vertices of the target triangle are respectively the center of the ellipse of the resonant column of the first resonant cavity, the intersection of the line connecting the center of the ellipse and the vertex of the V-groove, and the intersection of the lines connecting the centers of the ellipses of the adjacent resonant columns in the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity.

[0096] Among them, the operating wavelength refers to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave at which the resonant column works at the target frequency, which determines the scale of the phase calculation. The V-groove angle refers to the vertex angle of the V-shaped structure formed by the first isolation plate and the second isolation plate, which affects the path difference between the two columns. The straight-line distance represents the straight-line distance between the centers of two adjacent resonant columns in different resonant cavities, and is a key physical quantity for controlling the phase difference. The intersection of the isolation plates is the intersection of the line connecting the centers of the ellipses of adjacent resonant columns in two different resonant cavities and the broken-line isolation plate.

[0097] S402: With the phase difference satisfying the preset phase difference as the goal, determine the straight-line distance based on the phase interference model.

[0098] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can set the size of the preset phase difference according to actual needs, and the present invention is not limited here. Optionally, when the phase difference is 180° (π), destructive interference can be achieved, that is, non-ideal coupling between the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity can be minimized.

[0099] Specifically, by constructing a phase interference model surrounded by a V-groove, the physical structural parameters between the resonant columns are associated with the electromagnetic coupling strength using the geometric path and phase difference formula. By setting the target phase difference (such as 180° to achieve destructive interference), the non-ideal coupling between the two resonant cavities can be effectively regulated to avoid interference between channels. This method fully considers the symmetry and path difference in the actual structure, and achieves refined regulation through physical modeling. Compared with traditional empirical design, it can dynamically adjust the angle and distance according to the target frequency and structural limitations, thereby achieving higher anti-interference capability and smaller channel crosstalk, and improving the reliability and stability of 5G filters.

[0100] S5: Set the filter according to the resonant column size, spacing parameters and straight-line distance.

[0101] Specifically, this design method ensures the stability and efficiency of signal transmission between different channels by gradually optimizing the key parameters of the filter. First, by obtaining the filter passband and optimizing the passband widening and out-of-band suppression, it is ensured that the filter can effectively process wide-band signals and reduce interference. Next, the coupling strength stability of the resonant column size and the spacing between adjacent resonant columns is adjusted to ensure that the signal will not be distorted or inconsistent during transmission. Finally, the straight-line distance between different resonant cavities is accurately calculated to effectively reduce non-ideal electromagnetic coupling and reduce interference between channels. It ensures that the filter can achieve efficient and low-interference signal transmission while meeting the requirements of miniaturization.

[0102] In an embodiment of the present invention, the design of a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter not only reduces the volume of the filter but also effectively reduces the electromagnetic coupling interference between adjacent channels through the integrated combination of a zigzag isolation plate and a V-groove, solving the problem of group delay difference caused by the traditional filter ignoring the non-ideal coupling between channels in the multi-channel design. In this filter, the long axes of the elliptical resonant columns are arranged in a colinear manner, making the signal transmission more balanced and reducing the inconsistency between channels. In addition, the isolation plate structure of the V-groove further optimizes the signal isolation effect, improves the anti-interference ability, and enables multi-channel parallel transmission to achieve synchronous transmission. The filter significantly improves the signal isolation and anti-interference ability by optimizing the arrangement of the resonant columns, the zigzag isolation plate and the V-groove design, ensuring the stability and synchronization of multi-channel parallel transmission.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Any changes or replacements that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter, characterized in that: include: A first resonant cavity (2) and a second resonant cavity (3) separated by a zigzag isolation plate (1); The first resonant cavity (2) and the second resonant cavity (3) each have a single resonant chain; Each of the resonant chains comprises an input end (401), an input end tapped resonant column (402), a plurality of common resonant columns (403), an output end tapped resonant column (404), and an output end (405) which are coaxially connected in sequence; Each resonant column is elliptical, and the long axis of each resonant column is arranged in a colinear manner in the corresponding resonant chain, wherein the resonant columns include the input end tap resonant column (402), the output end tap resonant column (404) and the common resonant column (403); The zigzag isolation plate (1) comprises a plurality of pairs of isolation plate groups, each pair of the isolation plate groups comprises a first isolation plate (101) and a second isolation plate (102) in a V-shaped groove combination, and each V-shaped groove corresponds to a resonant column.

2. The miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input-end tapped resonant column (402) and the output-end tapped resonant column (404) are provided with connection holes (406) on the corresponding input end side and output end side, respectively, and the connection holes (406) are used to connect the input-end wiring terminal (408) and the output-end wiring terminal (409).

3. The miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjacent resonant columns in each resonant chain are connected via coupling reinforcement ribs (407).

4. The miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two resonant columns closest to each other in the first resonant cavity (2) and the second resonant cavity (3) are mirror-symmetrical with respect to an isolation plate, wherein the isolation plate comprises the first isolation plate (101) and the second isolation plate (102).

5. A method for designing a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter, characterized in that: include: S1: Get the filter passband of the resonant cavity; S2: Determine the size of the resonant column in the resonant chain with the goal of simultaneously achieving passband widening and out-of-band suppression in the filter passband; S3: with the goal of ensuring the stability of the coupling strength between adjacent resonant columns in the same resonant chain, determining the spacing parameters between adjacent resonant columns in the same resonant chain according to the ellipse axis ratio; S4: Determine the straight-line distances between the resonant columns belonging to different resonant cavities respectively in combination with the size of the resonant column with the goal of minimizing the non-ideal coupling between the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity; S5: Setting the filter according to the resonant column size, the spacing parameter and the straight-line distance.

6. The method for designing a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The resonant cavity includes the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity.

7. The method for designing a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The S2 specifically includes: S201: Acquire design parameters of a resonant column, wherein the design parameters include a filter passband center frequency, a filter passband bandwidth, and an expected out-of-band suppression ratio of the resonant column; S202: Determine an elliptical axis ratio between a major axis of the resonant column and a minor axis of the resonant column based on the design parameters; S203: Calculating the electromagnetic radius of the resonant column; S204: Taking the electromagnetic radius as the major axis of the resonant column, and determining the minor axis of the resonant column based on the ellipse axis ratio, to obtain the size of the resonant column.

8. The method for designing a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spacing parameters include the start-end spacing difference between the maximum spacing and the minimum spacing of adjacent resonant columns and the spacing gradient between adjacent resonant columns.

9. The method for designing a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The S3 specifically includes: S301: Determine the end-to-end spacing difference with the goal of not exceeding the expected signal wavelength; S302: Determine the pitch variation rate in combination with the ellipse axis ratio.

10. The method for designing a miniaturized multi-channel 5G anti-interference filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The S4 specifically includes: S401: establishing a phase interference model of the V-shaped groove, wherein the phase interference model includes a phase difference between adjacent resonant columns belonging to different resonant cavities; S402: With the phase difference satisfying a preset phase difference as a goal, determine the straight-line distance based on the phase interference model.

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