Low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased-array antenna and antenna array

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased-array antenna and an antenna array. The antenna comprises two mutually orthogonal oscillator units and a coupling unit which are arranged on a metal floor. The oscillator unit comprises a first oscillator arm of an F-shaped structure and a second oscillator arm of an L-shaped structure. The oscillator arms of the two oscillator units intersect in a cross mode at the high position away from the metal floor, and an intersection gap is formed. The coupling unit is arranged on the metal floor and located under the intersection gap. The inductive capacitance between the coupling unit and the oscillator arm is arranged to offset the equivalent inductance of the floor to the oscillator, and the bandwidth of the antenna is expanded, so that the height of the antenna does not exceed the wavelength of the highest working frequency of 0.29 antennas, and the technical effect of low profile is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to antennas, and in particular to phased array antennas. Background Art

[0002] As modern wireless communication systems such as 5G / 6G, satellite communications, radar, and countermeasures evolve towards high frequency bands, large bandwidths, and high capacity, higher requirements are placed on the performance of antenna systems. Although traditional phased array antenna technology can achieve beam scanning and spatial multiplexing, it still has significant technical bottlenecks in low-profile, ultra-wideband, and dual-polarization collaborative design, which are specifically reflected in: The contradiction between low profile and broadband performance. Existing low-profile antennas such as microstrip patches and slot antennas are limited by the resonance principle, and their impedance bandwidth is usually less than 30%, which is difficult to meet the application requirements of ultra-wideband octaves. Although the bandwidth can be expanded by stacking multiple layers or loading parasitic units, it will increase the profile height and increase the complexity of the structure. Although the superposition of multiple layers of dielectric plates can expand the bandwidth, it will increase the loss. Dual-polarization technology improves channel capacity and anti-multipath interference capabilities through orthogonal polarization diversity, but the problem of high isolation between polarizations needs to be solved. Traditional cross-element or patch antennas are difficult to take into account low profile and broadband characteristics due to their complex structures and difficult feeding network design. The complex feeding structure design of broadband antennas needs to balance multiple objectives such as broadband, low profile, and high isolation. Electromagnetic band gaps or artificial surface plasmon structures are introduced to suppress crosstalk between feeders and further improve isolation. However, in actual engineering, the back of the antenna array is the T / R module cavity, which has a large amount of reflective metal, and does not meet the use environment of the electromagnetic band gap or artificial surface plasmon structure. At the same time, the antenna array of the electromagnetic band gap or artificial surface plasmon structure has a certain amount of backward radiation, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna will also be reduced. Summary of the invention

[0003] The problem to be solved by the present invention is the contradiction existing in the low profile, ultra-wideband and multi-polarization of the phased array.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna according to the present invention includes a dipole unit and a coupling unit arranged on a metal floor; there are two dipole units; the dipole unit includes two dipole arms; the two dipole arms are respectively a first dipole arm and a second dipole arm; wherein the first dipole arm includes a first dipole beam, a first dipole column and an impedance matching column, and the second dipole arm includes a second dipole beam and a second dipole column; the first dipole beam, the first dipole column, the impedance matching column, the second dipole beam and the second dipole column are all square strip structures, and their center lines are located on the same plane perpendicular to the metal floor, and the planes corresponding to the two dipole units are perpendicular to each other; the first dipole column and the second dipole column are vertically arranged on the metal floor; the first dipole beam and the second dipole beam are respectively arranged on the top of the first dipole column and the second dipole column, and are parallel to the metal floor, so that the first dipole beam and the first dipole column form an inverted L-shaped structure, and the second dipole column The sub-beam and the second dipole column form an inverted L-shaped structure; the end face of the first dipole beam away from the first dipole column is the first end face; the end face of the second dipole beam away from the second dipole column is the second end face; the first end face and the second end face are arranged opposite to each other, and a gap is left, and the two dipole units intersect at the gap to form an intersection gap; the first dipole beam is located on the opposite side of the first dipole column and is connected to a vertically arranged impedance matching column through a connecting beam; the top surface of the impedance matching column is flush with the first dipole beam and the top surface of the connecting beam, and a first gap is left between the first dipole column and the first dipole column; a step structure for matching antenna impedance is arranged on the impedance matching column; a second gap is left between the bottom end of the impedance matching column and the metal floor, and the radio frequency coaxial connector arranged on the metal floor is connected through a feeding column; the coupling unit is arranged directly below the intersection gap, including a coupling body and a connecting column; the coupling body is arranged on the metal floor through the connecting column.

[0005] Further, according to the low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna of the present invention, the coupling body is a cylinder.

[0006] Furthermore, according to the low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna of the present invention, the coupling body is a square cylinder with rounded chamfered vertical edges on four sides.

[0007] Furthermore, according to the low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna of the present invention, chamfered surfaces inclined at 45 degrees are respectively provided between the end surface of the dipole beam and the two side surfaces; wherein, the chamfered surface between the first end surface of the first dipole beam and the two side surfaces is the first chamfered surface; the chamfered surface between the second end surface of the second dipole beam and the two side surfaces is the second chamfered surface; among the four dipole beams surrounding the center of the intersection gap, the chamfered surfaces of two right-angled adjacent dipole beams are opposite to each other to form a chamfered surface gap, so that the intersection gap includes a central gap portion and four chamfered surface gaps connecting the central gap portion.

[0008] Further, according to the low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna of the present invention, the step structure on the impedance matching column includes two layers of gradually indented step surfaces arranged on the outer side surface of the impedance matching column; the two layers of gradually indented step surfaces are the first step surface and the second step surface; wherein the first step surface is indented toward the center of the intersection gap relative to the outer side surface of the impedance matching column; the second step surface is indented toward the center of the intersection gap relative to the first step surface; the outer side surface of the impedance matching column is a vertical surface on the impedance matching column away from the intersection gap.

[0009] Furthermore, according to the low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna of the present invention, the width of the impedance matching column is greater than the width of the connecting beam, so that a third step surface with a width of (W113-W111) / 2 is formed on both sides of the inner side surface where the impedance matching column is connected to the connecting beam; the step structure on the impedance matching column also includes a third step surface; wherein W113 is the width of the impedance matching column, and W111 is the width of the connecting beam.

[0010] Furthermore, according to the low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna of the present invention, the connecting beam and the first dipole beam have the same width and the top surfaces are flush; the distance between the bottom surface of the connecting beam and the metal floor is smaller than the distance between the first dipole beam and the metal floor.

[0011] Furthermore, according to the low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna of the present invention, the height between the top surface of the dipole beam and the metal floor does not exceed 0.29 wavelengths of the highest operating frequency of the antenna.

[0012] According to an antenna array of the present invention, the antenna array is formed by neatly arranging M*N of the above-mentioned low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antennas; wherein M and N are the number of rows and columns of the antenna array respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, according to the antenna array of the present invention, the metal floors of the low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antennas of the antenna array are integrated.

[0014] The technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention expands the bandwidth of the dual-polarized antenna by arranging a coupling unit at the intersection of the orthogonal dipole arms to increase the inductive capacitance of the dipole arms, so that the antenna can achieve a dual-polarized bandwidth exceeding 2 times the frequency band, thereby making the antenna have ultra-wideband characteristics; 2. The present invention reduces the gap between the vibrator arms and increases the area of ​​the opposing surfaces by setting a chamfered surface with an angle of 45 degrees on the end surface where the vibrator arms meet, thereby increasing the capacitance of the vibrator arms and offsetting the equivalent inductance of the vibrator; 3. The height of the antenna of the present invention is only 0.29 of the wavelength of the highest operating frequency of the antenna, and has the characteristic of low profile. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an antenna embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 1 is a top view of an antenna embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of the dotted circle R and some dimension markings.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a top view and partial dimension marking view of the impedance matching column and the connecting beam part of the antenna embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a side view and partial dimension marking view of the vibrator unit of the antenna embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Side view and partial dimensioning after adding the coupling unit.

[0021] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 The coupling body in the figure is replaced by a structural diagram of another implementation manner.

[0022] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Fig. 9 The standing wave coefficient of the antenna array embodiment of the present invention is demonstrated in the 8-18G frequency band.

[0024] Fig.10 The phase scanning characteristics of the antenna array embodiment of the present invention at the 12G frequency point are demonstrated.

[0025] In the above figures, 1 is a vibrator unit, 101 is a first vibrator unit, 102 is a second vibrator unit; 11 is a first vibrator arm, 111 is a first vibrator beam, 1111 is a first end surface, 1112 is a first chamfered surface, 112 is a first vibrator column, 113 is an impedance matching column, 1131 is a first step surface, 1132 is a second step surface, 1133 is a third step surface, 114 is a connecting beam, 115 is a first gap, 116 is a second gap; 12 is a second vibrator arm, 121 is a second vibrator beam, 1211 is a second end surface, 1212 is a second chamfered surface, 122 is a second vibrator column; 13 is an intersection gap, 131 is a central gap portion, and 132 is a chamfered surface gap; 2 is a coupling unit, 21 is a coupling body, and 22 is a connecting column; 3 is the RF coaxial connector, 4 is the metal floor, and 5 is the feed post; 800 is an antenna. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] Figure 1 An antenna is illustrated, which is a phased array antenna with low-profile broadband characteristics, including a vibrator unit 1 and a coupling unit 2 arranged on a metal floor 4. The metal floor 4 is a square plate. There are two vibrator units 1, namely a first vibrator unit 101 and a second vibrator unit 102. Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the two vibrator units 1 are orthogonal to each other. The vibrator unit 1 includes two oppositely arranged vibrator arms. The two vibrator arms are respectively a first vibrator arm 11 and a second vibrator arm 12. Among them, the first vibrator arm 11 includes a first vibrator beam 111, a first vibrator column 112 and an impedance matching column 113. The second vibrator arm 12 includes a second vibrator beam 121 and a second vibrator column 122. The first vibrator beam 111, the first vibrator column 112, the impedance matching column 113, the second vibrator beam 121 and the second vibrator column 122 are all square bar structures, and their center lines are located on the same plane perpendicular to the metal floor 4. The planes corresponding to the two vibrator units 1 are perpendicular to each other. More specifically, the planes corresponding to the two vibrator units 1 intersect perpendicularly at the relative centers of the two vibrator arms of the vibrator unit 1, thereby realizing the orthogonal setting of the two vibrator units 1.

[0029] For the convenience of explanation, unless otherwise specified, this specification refers to the plane of the metal floor 4 as the horizontal ground. Horizontal means parallel to the metal floor 4; vertical means perpendicular to the metal floor 4; height is the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the metal floor 4; length and width are the horizontal and vertical dimensions in the direction parallel to the metal floor 4; the length of the vibrator unit 1 component is the horizontal dimension on the plane where the center lines of the first vibrator beam 111, the first vibrator column 112, the impedance matching column 113, the second vibrator beam 121 and the second vibrator column 122 of the vibrator unit 1 are located, and the width of the vibrator unit 1 component is the horizontal dimension perpendicular to the plane; relative to the metal floor 4, the top is the end of the object or component away from the metal floor 4, and the bottom is the end of the object or component close to the metal floor 4.

[0030] The first vibrator column 112 and the second vibrator column 122 are vertically arranged on the metal floor 4. The first vibrator beam 111 and the second vibrator beam 121 are respectively arranged on the top of the first vibrator column 112 and the second vibrator column 122, parallel to the metal floor 4, so that the first vibrator beam 111 and the first vibrator column 112 form an inverted L-shaped structure, and the second vibrator beam 121 and the second vibrator column 122 form an inverted L-shaped structure. More specifically, the inverted L-shaped structure is an inverted L-shaped structure. The first vibrator column 112 and the second vibrator column 122 have the same height, so that the top surfaces of the first vibrator beam 111 and the second vibrator beam 121 are flush, and the bottom surfaces are flush. The top surfaces of the first vibrator beam 111 and the second vibrator beam 121 are flush, and the bottom surfaces are flush, which means that the first vibrator beam 111 and the second vibrator beam 121 have the same height, both H111.

[0031] The end face of the first vibrator beam 111 away from the first vibrator column 112 is the first end face 1111; the end face of the second vibrator beam 121 away from the second vibrator column 122 is the second end face 1211. The first end face 1111 and the second end face 1211 are both vertical end faces perpendicular to the metal floor 4 and parallel to each other. The first end face 1111 on the first vibrator beam 111 and the second end face 1211 on the second vibrator beam 121 are arranged opposite to each other, so that the first vibrator beam 111 and the second vibrator beam 121 are arranged opposite to each other. The two vibrator units 1 intersect at the gap to form an intersection gap 13. Specifically, the plane where the center lines of the first vibrator beam 111, the first vibrator column 112, the impedance matching column 113, the second vibrator beam 121 and the second vibrator column 122 of the two vibrator units 1 are located intersect perpendicularly on the center line between the first end face 1111 and the second end face 1211.

[0032] The height of the top surface of the first vibrator beam 111 and the second vibrator beam 121 from the metal floor 4 is H1. The heights of the first vibrator beam 111 and the second vibrator beam 121 are the same, both are H111. The heights of the first vibrator column 112 and the second vibrator column 122 are the same, both are H122. Obviously, H1=H111+H122. The length of the first vibrator column 112 is L112, and the length of the second vibrator column 122 is L122. The length of the first vibrator beam 111 is L111+L112, and the length of the second vibrator beam 121 is L121+L122. Among them, L111 is the distance between the inner side surface of the first vibrator column 112 and the first end surface 1111, and L121 is the distance between the inner side surface of the second vibrator column 122 and the second end surface 1212. The first dither beam 111 , the first dither column 112 , the second dither beam 121 , and the second dither column 122 have the same width, which is W111 .

[0033] In this embodiment, the inverted L-shaped structure composed of the first dither beam 111 and the first dither column 112 and the inverted L-shaped structure composed of the second dither beam 121 and the second dither column 122 are symmetrical, that is, L111=L121, and L112=L122.

[0034] In addition, the above dimensions are based on the fact that the connection portion between the first diverter beam 111 and the first diverter column 112 is subordinate to the first diverter beam 111, and the connection portion between the second diverter beam 121 and the second diverter column 122 is subordinate to the second diverter beam 121. If the connection portion between the first diverter beam 111 and the first diverter column 112 is subordinate to the first diverter column 112, and the connection portion between the second diverter beam 121 and the second diverter column 122 is subordinate to the second diverter column 122, the length of the first diverter beam 111 is L111, the length of the second diverter beam 121 is L121, and the height of the first diverter column 112 and the second diverter column 122 is H1.

[0035] The first vibrator beam 111 is located on the opposite side of the first vibrator column 112 and is connected to the vertically arranged impedance matching column 113 through the connecting beam 114, so that a gap is formed between the outer side surface of the first vibrator column 112 and the inner side surface of the impedance matching column 113. The gap between the outer side surface of the first vibrator column 112 and the inner side surface of the impedance matching column 113 is a first gap 115. The outer side surface of the first vibrator column 112 and the inner side surface of the impedance matching column 113 are both vertical planes, so that the first gap 115 presents an I-shaped structure. The width of the first gap 115, that is, the length of the connecting beam 114, is L114. The width of the connecting beam 114 is the same as that of the first vibrator beam 111 and the first vibrator column 112, which is W111. The height of the connecting beam 114 is H114, which can be the same as or different from the height H111 of the first vibrator beam 111. In this embodiment, H114>H111, that is, the distance between the bottom surface of the connecting beam 114 and the metal floor 4 is smaller than the distance between the first vibrator beam 111 and the metal floor 4.

[0036] The top surface of the impedance matching column 113 is flush with the top surfaces of the first vibrator beam 111 and the connecting beam 114, so that the first vibrator arm 11 presents an overturned F shape. The bottom end surface of the impedance matching column 113 is parallel to the metal floor 4, and a second gap 116 is left between the metal floor 4. The distance between the bottom end surface of the impedance matching column 113 and the metal floor 4, that is, the height of the second gap 116 is H5. The height of the impedance matching column 113 is H113, the length is L113, and the width is W113. Obviously, H5+H113=H1. The bottom end surface of the impedance matching column 113 is connected to the RF coaxial connector 3 set on the metal floor 4 through the feeding column 5.

[0037] The impedance matching column 113 is provided with a step structure for matching the antenna impedance. In this embodiment, the step structure on the impedance matching column 113 includes two layers of gradually indented step surfaces provided on the outer surface of the impedance matching column 113. The two layers of gradually indented step surfaces are a first step surface 1131 and a second step surface 1132; wherein the first step surface 1131 is indented toward the center of the intersection gap 13 relative to the outer surface of the impedance matching column 113, with a height of H1131 and a depth of D1131; the second step surface 1132 is indented toward the center of the intersection gap 13 relative to the first step surface 1131, with a height of H1132 and a depth of D1132. The second step surface 1132 is connected to the top surface of the impedance matching column 113.

[0038] It should be pointed out that in this specification, the outer side surface and the inner side surface are relative to the intersection gap 13. In the horizontal direction, the surface of the component away from the intersection gap 13 is the outer side surface, and the surface close to the intersection gap 13 is the inner side surface. That is, the first end surface 1111 and the second end surface 1211 are the inner side surfaces of the first dither beam 111 and the second dither beam 121 respectively; the outer side surface of the impedance matching column 113 is the vertical surface of the impedance matching column 113 away from the intersection gap 13, and the outer side surface of the impedance matching column 113 is the vertical surface of the impedance matching column 113 close to the intersection gap 13; the outer side surface of the first dither column 112 is the vertical surface of the first dither column 112 away from the intersection gap 13.

[0039] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the step structure on the impedance matching column 113 can be set to, for example, three or four layers as needed. In this embodiment, the width of the impedance matching column 113 is greater than the width of the connecting beam 114, so that the third step surface 1133 is formed on both sides of the inner side surface where the impedance matching column 113 is connected to the connecting beam 114. Thus, the step structure on the impedance matching column 113 also includes the third step surface 1133. Obviously, the width of the third step surface 1133 is (W113-W111) / 2.

[0040] The coupling unit 2 is arranged directly below the intersection gap 13, and includes a coupling body 21 and a connecting column 22. The coupling body 21 is arranged on the metal floor 4 through the connecting column 22. In the present embodiment, the coupling body 21 is a vertically arranged cylinder with a height of H21 and a diameter of D2, and the center of the intersection gap 13 is located on the central axis of the coupling body 21. The height of the top surface of the coupling body 21 from the bottom surface of the first vibrator beam 111 and the second vibrator beam 121 is H23, and the height of the bottom surface from the metal floor 4 is H22. Obviously, H21+H22+H23=H122. Those skilled in the art understand that the coupling body 21 can also be set to other regular shapes, such as a circular plate, or a square body. Figure 7 The structure of the coupling body 21 in another optional embodiment is illustrated. In this embodiment, the coupling body 2 is a square column with four vertical sides having rounded chamfers.

[0041] Furthermore, in order to improve the capacitance property of the antenna element unit and offset the equivalent inductance between the antenna element unit and the metal floor 4, in this embodiment, chamfered surfaces obliquely 45 degrees are provided between the end surface of the element beam and the two side surfaces. The element beam here includes a first element beam 111 and a second element beam 121. The end surface of the element beam is the first end surface 1111 on the first element beam 111 and the second end surface 1211 on the second element beam 121. That is, the chamfered surfaces obliquely 45 degrees include the chamfered surfaces between the first end surface 1111 of the first element beam 111 and the two side surfaces and the chamfered surfaces between the second end surface 1211 of the second element beam 121 and the two side surfaces. The chamfered surface between the first end surface 1111 of the first element beam 111 and the two side surfaces is the first chamfered surface 1112, and the chamfered surface between the second end surface 1211 of the second element beam 121 and the two side surfaces is the second chamfered surface 1212. Among the four vibrator beams surrounding the center of the intersection gap 13, the chamfered surfaces of two vibrator beams adjacent at right angles are opposite to each other, forming a chamfered surface gap 132. Specifically, the two first chamfered surfaces 1112 on the first vibrator beam 111 of the first vibrator unit are opposite to a first chamfered surface 1112 on the first vibrator beam 111 of the second vibrator unit and a second chamfered surface 1212 on the second vibrator beam 121, respectively, thereby forming two mutually perpendicular chamfered surface gaps 132; the two second chamfered surfaces 1112 on the second vibrator beam 121 of the first vibrator unit are opposite to another first chamfered surface 1112 on the first vibrator beam 111 of the second vibrator unit and another second chamfered surface 1212 on the second vibrator beam 121, respectively, thereby forming two mutually perpendicular chamfered surface gaps 132. Thus, there are four chamfered surface gaps 132 in total. Thus, the intersection gap 13 is divided into a central gap portion 131 and four chamfered surface gaps 132, so that the intersection gap 13 presents a cross-shaped structure as a whole. Among them, the central gap portion 131 is a square area surrounded by the first end surfaces 1111 on the two first vibrator beams 111 and the second end surfaces 1211 on the two second vibrator beams 121. The chamfered surface gaps 132 are connected to the central gap portion 131. In other words, the intersection gap 13 includes the central gap portion 131 and the four chamfered surface gaps 132 connected to the central gap portion 131.

[0042] In this embodiment, the size parameters of each component are configured as follows: The height H1 of the top surface of the vibrator beam from the metal floor 4 is 4.89 mm; The width of the vibrator beam is W111=0.80mm, and the height is H111=1.10mm; The distance between the inner side of the vibrator column of the vibrator arm and the end surface of the vibrator beam is L111=L121=2.00mm; The height of the vibrator column is H122 = 3.79 mm, and the length of the vibrator column is L112 = L122 = 0.80 mm; The length of the connecting beam 114 is L114 = 0.38 mm, and the height is H114 = 1.60 mm; The impedance matching column 113 has a length L113 = 1.51 mm, a width W113 = 0.98 mm, and a height H113 = 4.29 mm; The first step surface height H1131 = 1.00mm, the indentation depth D1131 = 0.31mm; The second step surface height H1132 = 1.79 mm, the indentation depth D1132 = 0.40 mm; The height H5 between the bottom surface of the impedance matching column 113 and the metal floor 4 is 0.60 mm; The distance between the end faces of the first vibrator beam 111 and the second vibrator beam 121 is W131 = 0.26 mm; The width of the end surfaces of the first vibrator beam 111 and the second vibrator beam 121 after chamfering is W1111=0.08mm; The chamfer surface gap 132 has a width W132 of 0.13 mm; The coupling body 21 has a height H21 = 1.00 mm and a diameter D2 = 1.80 mm; The height of the distance between the top surface of the coupling body 21 and the vibrator beam is H23 = 1.00 mm; The length of the metal floor 4 is L4=8.00mm, and the thickness is H4=0.50mm; The gap width W41 between the outer side surface of the impedance matching column 113 and the edge of the metal floor 4 is 0.13 mm; The gap width W42 between the outer side surface of the second vibrator column 122 and the edge of the metal floor 4 is 0.13 mm.

[0043] The operating frequency range of the antenna in this embodiment is 8G~18GHz. That is, the highest operating frequency of the antenna is 18GHz, and the wavelength is 16.7mm. The height of the top surface of the dipole beam from the metal floor is 4.89mm. 4.89mm / 16.7mm≈0.29. That is, the height of the top surface of the dipole beam from the metal floor does not exceed 0.29 wavelengths of the highest operating frequency of the antenna.

[0044] In addition, it should be pointed out that the above-mentioned size parameters of the antenna in this embodiment are preferred parameters. In practical applications, the above-mentioned size parameters can be appropriately adjusted according to requirements.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] Figure 8An antenna array is illustrated, which is a phased antenna array. The antenna array is composed of M*N antennas 800 arranged neatly. The antenna 800 is the low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna in Example 1. Here, M and N are the number of rows and columns of the antenna array, respectively. The neatness here means that the two vibrator units 1 of each antenna are oriented in the same direction. For example, the first vibrator arm of the first vibrator unit is oriented to the west, and the first vibrator arm of the second vibrator unit is oriented to the north, and all antennas are arranged in the above-mentioned direction.

[0047] In this embodiment, M and N are both 10. Fig. 9 The measured standing wave coefficient of the antenna array in the wideband range of 8~18GHz is shown. Fig.10 The scanning gain data of the antenna array at 12 GHz is shown. Fig. 9 It can be seen that the standing wave coefficient of the antenna array is less than 2 in the 8~18GHz broadband range, which shows good performance. Fig.10 It can be seen that the antenna array has a good gain effect within the range of ±60 degrees, that is, the antenna array of this embodiment can meet the requirements of scanning in a large angle range of ±60 degrees.

[0048] In addition, in this embodiment, the metal floors 4 of each antenna are arranged on the same plane and connected. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in another optional implementation, the metal floors 4 of each antenna in the antenna array can be integrated, that is, in this case, each antenna of the antenna array shares a large-sized metal floor 4.

Claims

1. A low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vibrator unit (1) and a coupling unit (2) arranged on a metal floor (4); the vibrator unit (1) has two vibrator units; the vibrator unit (1) comprises two vibrator arms; the two vibrator arms are respectively a first vibrator arm (11) and a second vibrator arm (12); wherein the first vibrator arm (11) comprises a first vibrator beam (111), a first vibrator column (112) and an impedance matching column (113); the second vibrator arm (12) comprises a second vibrator beam (121) and a second vibrator column (122); the first vibrator beam (111), the first vibrator column (112), the impedance matching column (113), the second vibrator beam (121) and the second vibrator The columns (122) are all square bar structures, the center lines of which are located on the same plane perpendicular to the metal floor (4), and the planes corresponding to the two vibrator units (1) are perpendicular to each other; the first vibrator column (112) and the second vibrator column (122) are vertically arranged on the metal floor (4); the first vibrator beam (111) and the second vibrator beam (121) are respectively arranged on the top of the first vibrator column (112) and the second vibrator column (122), and are parallel to the metal floor (4), so that the first vibrator beam (111) and the first vibrator column (112) form an inverted L-shaped structure, and the second vibrator beam (121) and the second vibrator column (122) form an inverted L-shaped structure. The invention relates to a structure; the end face of the first vibrator beam (111) away from the first vibrator column (112) is a first end face (1111); the end face of the second vibrator beam (121) away from the second vibrator column (122) is a second end face (1211); the first end face (1111) and the second end face (1211) are arranged opposite to each other and leave a gap, and the two vibrator units (1) meet at the gap to form an intersection gap (13); the first vibrator beam (111) is located on the side opposite to the first vibrator column (112) and is connected to a vertically arranged impedance matching column (113) through a connecting beam (114); the top surface of the impedance matching column (113) is connected to the first vibrator column (112) The top surfaces of the dipole beam (111) and the connecting beam (114) are flush, and a first gap (115) is left between the dipole beam (111) and the first dipole column (112); a step structure for matching antenna impedance is provided on the impedance matching column (113); a second gap (116) is left between the bottom end of the impedance matching column (113) and the metal floor (4), and the radio frequency coaxial connector (3) provided on the metal floor (4) is connected via a feeding column (5); the coupling unit (2) is provided directly below the intersection gap (13), and comprises a coupling body (21) and a connecting column (22); the coupling body (21) is provided on the metal floor (4) via the connecting column (22).

2. The low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling body (21) is a cylinder.

3. The low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling body (21) is a square column with four vertical sides chamfered.

4. The low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A chamfered surface obliquely 45 degrees is provided between the end surface of the vibrator beam and the two side surfaces; wherein the chamfered surface between the first end surface (1111) of the first vibrator beam (111) and the two side surfaces is a first chamfered surface (1112); and the chamfered surface between the second end surface (1211) of the second vibrator beam (121) and the two side surfaces is a second chamfered surface (1212); among the four vibrator beams surrounding the center of the intersection gap (13), the chamfered surfaces of two vibrator beams adjacent at right angles are opposite to each other, forming a chamfered surface gap (132), so that the intersection gap (13) includes a central gap portion (131) and four chamfered surface gaps (132) connected to the central gap portion (131).

5. The low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step structure on the impedance matching column (113) comprises two layers of gradually retracted step surfaces arranged on the outer side of the impedance matching column (113); the two layers of gradually retracted step surfaces are a first step surface (1131) and a second step surface (1132); wherein the first step surface (1131) is retracted toward the center of the intersection gap (13) relative to the outer side of the impedance matching column (113); the second step surface (1132) is retracted toward the center of the intersection gap (13) relative to the first step surface (1131); the outer side surface of the impedance matching column (113) is a vertical surface on the impedance matching column (113) away from the intersection gap (13).

6. The low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The width of the impedance matching column (113) is greater than the width of the connecting beam (114), so that a third step surface (1133) having a width of (W113-W111) / 2 is formed on both sides of the inner side surface where the impedance matching column (113) and the connecting beam (114) are connected; the step structure on the impedance matching column (113) also includes the third step surface (1133); wherein W113 is the width of the impedance matching column (113), and W111 is the width of the connecting beam (114).

7. The low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection beam (114) and the first vibrator beam (111) have the same width and their top surfaces are flush; the distance between the bottom surface of the connection beam (114) and the metal floor (4) is smaller than the distance between the first vibrator beam (111) and the metal floor (4).

8. The low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height between the top surface of the dipole beam and the metal floor does not exceed 0.29 wavelengths of the highest operating frequency of the antenna.

9. An antenna array, characterized in that: The antenna array is composed of M*N low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antennas as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 arranged neatly; wherein M and N are the number of rows and columns of the antenna array respectively.

10. The antenna array according to claim 9, characterized in that: The metal floor (4) of each low-profile broadband dual-polarization phased array antenna of the antenna array is integrated.

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