Power supply circuit and power supply method

Abstract

The invention provides a power supply circuit which is arranged between a battery and a load unit of electronic equipment, the power supply circuit comprises a switched capacitor converter and a switching circuit, a first port of the switched capacitor converter is connected with the load unit and a charging interface of the electronic equipment, and a second port of the switched capacitor converter is connected with the battery; the switching circuit is used for controlling the switched capacitor converter to boost a first voltage into a second voltage in a discharging mode of the battery so as to supply power to the load unit, and the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage is X; and the switching circuit is also used for controlling the switched capacitor converter to reduce a third voltage provided by the charging interface into a fourth voltage in a charging mode of the battery so as to charge the battery, the ratio of the fourth voltage to the third voltage is Y, and the product of X and Y is not equal to 1. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the charging unit and the discharging unit of the battery are fused, so that boost and buck with various transformation ratios can be realized, the utilization rate of the switch and the circuit is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of charging and discharging technology, and more specifically, to a power supply circuit and a power supply method. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing application of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and the fifth generation mobile networks (5G), people are becoming more and more dependent on terminal devices, and the demand for using fragmented time to recharge terminal devices is becoming more and more vigorous. The birth of fast charging technology has alleviated this contradiction.

[0003] The energy density of new process batteries such as silicon negative electrodes is higher than that of traditional graphite batteries. Its power gain comes from the discharge characteristics in the low-voltage zone (battery voltage is less than 3.2V), and as the doping concentration of silicon increases, the discharge voltage continues to drop, and can even be reduced to 2.5V, which effectively improves the energy density of the battery, allowing the terminal equipment to provide more battery capacity in the same volume. However, in the existing charging and discharging scheme, it is necessary to add an additional boost circuit module (independent of the existing power supply circuit) to solve the discharge problem of silicon negative electrode batteries when the battery voltage is in the low-voltage zone. This not only makes the circuit complicated, but also has high costs.

[0004] Therefore, how to construct a power supply circuit that saves resources is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a power supply circuit and a power supply method, which integrate the charging unit and the discharging unit of the battery, can realize voltage step-up and voltage step-down with multiple transformation ratios, improve the utilization rate of switches and peripheral circuits, and at the same time improve the integration of terminal equipment and reduce costs.

[0006] In a first aspect, a power supply circuit is provided, which is arranged between a battery and a load unit of an electronic device, and the power supply circuit includes: a switched capacitor converter, including a first port and a second port, the first port being connected to the load unit and a charging interface of the electronic device, and the second port being connected to the battery; a switching circuit, which is used to control the switched capacitor converter to boost a first voltage to a second voltage in a discharge mode of the battery to power the load unit, the first voltage being the voltage of the second port in the discharge mode, the second voltage being the voltage of the first port in the discharge mode, and the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage being X; the switching circuit is also used to control the switched capacitor converter to step down a third voltage provided by the charging interface to a fourth voltage in a charging mode of the battery to charge the battery, the third voltage being the voltage of the first port in the charging mode, the fourth voltage being the voltage of the second port in the charging mode, the ratio of the fourth voltage to the third voltage being Y, and the product of X and Y is not equal to 1.

[0007] The present application provides a power supply circuit that integrates the charging unit and the discharging unit of a battery, which can achieve voltage step-up and voltage step-down with multiple transformation ratios, improve the utilization rate of switches and peripheral circuits, and at the same time improve the integration of terminal equipment and reduce costs.

[0008] X is greater than 0, and Y is greater than 0. Exemplarily, 1<X≤2, for example, X may be equal to 3 / 2, 4 / 3 or 2, and Y may be equal to 1 / 2, 2 / 3 or 1 / 4.

[0009] The charging interface is used to provide an initial charging voltage. The initial charging voltage may be a DC bus voltage (VBUS) or an initial charging voltage provided by an external power source. Exemplarily, the charging interface may be connected to an external power source, and the external power source may be an adapter, a mobile power source, a charger, a power bank, and the like, without any limitation. The adapter is used to convert power from a power outlet to a power specification and connector type suitable for a specific device, such as various types of chargers, such as a universal serial bus (USB) charger, an electric bicycle charger, a car charger, a laptop charger, a mobile phone charger, and the like.

[0010] It should be understood that in the discharge mode of the battery, the battery voltage is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, that is, the battery is in a low voltage discharge area. In the charging mode of the battery, the battery voltage is greater than the second preset threshold, that is, the battery is in a high voltage charging area.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the switched capacitor converter further includes: a first series branch, including a first switch, a first capacitor, a second switch, a first connection point, and a second connection point, the first switch, the first capacitor, and the second switch are connected in series, the first connection point is located between the first switch and the first capacitor, and the second connection point is located between the first capacitor and the second switch; a second series branch, including a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, a third connection point, a fourth connection point, and a fifth connection point, the third switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch are connected in series, the third connection point is located between the first switch and the first capacitor, and the second connection point is located between the first capacitor and the second switch. between the third switch and the fourth switch, the fourth connection point is located between the fourth switch and the fifth switch, and the fifth connection point is located on the side of the fifth switch opposite to the fourth connection point; the sixth switch is connected between the sixth connection point and the fourth connection point, and the sixth connection point is located on the side of the sixth switch opposite to the second connection point; the second capacitor is connected between the third connection point and the fifth connection point; the seventh switch is connected between the first connection point and the fifth connection point; wherein the first port is connected to the first switch and the third switch, and the second port is set between the fourth connection point and the sixth connection point.

[0012] The switch circuit is used to control the switch capacitor converter to work alternately in a first working state and a second working state to boost the first voltage to the second voltage. In the first working state, the first switch, the sixth switch, the third switch and the fifth switch are turned on, and the second switch, the fourth switch and the seventh switch are turned off. In the second working state, the first switch, the sixth switch, the third switch and the fifth switch are turned off, and the second switch, the fourth switch and the seventh switch are turned on.

[0013] When the circuit works in steady state, the first working state and the second working state work alternately for 50% of the time, and the first capacitor and the second capacitor satisfy the requirement of charging in the first working state and discharging in the second working state, thereby satisfying the charge conservation. The switched capacitor converter can achieve a voltage step-down change with a voltage ratio of 3:2 between the input and output ends. When the switched capacitor converter works in reverse, that is, when the input and output ends are exchanged, a voltage ratio of 2:3 between the input and output ends can be achieved, and a step-up conversion can be achieved.

[0014] The present application provides a power supply circuit, which adds a seventh switch on the basis of a traditional switched capacitor converter, and can realize that in a first working state, the first capacitor is connected to the input end and the output end, and the second capacitor is connected to the input end and the output end. In a second working state, one end of the first capacitor is grounded, and the other end is connected in series with the second capacitor and then connected to the output end, which can realize a step-up conversion with a voltage ratio of 2:3 between the input end and the output end or a step-down conversion with a voltage ratio of 3:2 between the input end and the output end.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the switched capacitor converter further includes: an eighth switch connected between the first connection point and the sixth connection point; and a ninth switch connected in series with the second series branch through the fifth connection point.

[0016] The switch circuit is used to control the switch capacitor converter to work alternately in a first working state and a second working state to boost the first voltage to the second voltage. In the first working state, the first switch, the sixth switch, the third switch and the fifth switch are turned on, and the second switch, the fourth switch, the seventh switch, the eighth switch and the ninth switch are turned off. In the second working state, the first switch, the sixth switch, the third switch, the fifth switch, the eighth switch and the ninth switch are turned off, and the second switch, the fourth switch and the seventh switch are turned on.

[0017] When the circuit works in steady state, the first working state and the second working state work alternately for 50% of the time, and the first capacitor and the second capacitor satisfy the requirement of charging in the first working state and discharging in the second working state, thereby satisfying the charge conservation. The switched capacitor converter can achieve a voltage step-down change with a voltage ratio of 3:2 between the input and output ends. When the switched capacitor converter works in reverse, that is, when the input and output ends are exchanged, a voltage ratio of 2:3 between the input and output ends can be achieved, and a step-up conversion can be achieved.

[0018] At the same time, after adding the eighth switch and the ninth switch, the switched capacitor converter can form a two-phase staggered parallel 2:1 circuit, which can achieve a step-up conversion with a voltage ratio of 1:2 between the input and output ends or a step-down conversion with a voltage ratio of 2:1 between the input and output ends.

[0019] It should be understood that the present application does not limit the specific type of the switch. Exemplarily, the first switch to the ninth switch may be a transistor. The present application also does not limit the specific number of switches. Exemplarily, the first switch may also include a plurality of switches.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the first capacitor and the second capacitor may be flying capacitors.

[0021] In the power supply circuit provided by the present application, the switch capacitor converter can also add more switches and capacitors to achieve more voltage ratios. For example, the initial charging voltage provided by the charging interface in the high-voltage charging area of ​​the battery is charged by the 4:1 step-down of the switch capacitor converter, and the battery in the low-voltage discharge area of ​​the battery is powered by the 2:3 step-up of the switch capacitor converter. The above examples should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0022] The present application provides a power supply circuit that integrates the charging unit and the discharging unit of a battery, which can achieve voltage step-up and voltage step-down with multiple transformation ratios, improve the utilization rate of switches and peripheral circuits, and at the same time improve the integration of terminal equipment and reduce costs.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, in a discharge mode of the battery, a voltage of the battery is less than or equal to a first preset threshold, and in a charge mode of the battery, a voltage of the battery is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0024] It should be understood that the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold can be the same value. Exemplarily, the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are equal to M, and the voltage less than or equal to M can be divided into a low-voltage discharge area and a low-voltage charging area (referred to as the low-voltage area) of the battery, and the voltage greater than M can be divided into a high-voltage charging area and a high-voltage discharge area (referred to as the high-voltage area) of the battery. For example, 2.5V≤M≤3.5V, M can be 3.1V, 3.3V or 2.7V, etc. The specific division values ​​should not be understood as limitations on the present application. In the discharge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is less than or equal to 3.2V, and in the charging mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is greater than 3.2V.

[0025] The first preset threshold and the second preset threshold may also be different values. For example, the first preset threshold is 3.2V, and the second preset threshold is 3.5V. The voltage less than or equal to 3.2V is divided into the low-voltage discharge area of ​​the battery, and the voltage greater than 3.2V is divided into the high-voltage discharge area of ​​the battery; the voltage greater than 3.5V is divided into the high-voltage charging area of ​​the battery, and the voltage less than or equal to 3.5V is divided into the low-voltage charging area of ​​the battery. In the discharge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is less than or equal to 3.2V, and in the charging mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is greater than 3.5V.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the switching circuit is further used to control the battery to directly power the load unit without passing through the switching capacitor converter when the voltage of the battery is greater than the first preset threshold.

[0027] It should be understood that when the voltage of the battery is greater than the first preset threshold value and the battery is in the high-voltage discharge area, the battery can directly power the load unit without boosting the voltage to power the load unit. Therefore, when the battery is in the high-voltage discharge area, the switching circuit can control the battery not to pass through the switching capacitor converter.

[0028] The present application provides a power supply circuit that integrates the charging unit and the discharging unit of a battery, and can achieve voltage step-up and voltage step-down with multiple ratios. At the same time, when the battery is in a high-voltage discharge area, the switching circuit can control the battery to directly power the load unit without the need to power the load unit by boosting the voltage, thereby improving the flexibility of the circuit.

[0029] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the switching circuit includes a tenth switch and an eleventh switch, the tenth switch is arranged between the first port and the load unit, and the second switch is arranged between the load unit and the second port, and the switching circuit is used to turn off the tenth switch and turn on the eleventh switch so that the battery directly powers the load unit.

[0030] Exemplarily, the third port is located between the tenth switch and the eleventh switch, and the load unit is connected to the tenth switch and the eleventh switch respectively through the third port. When the battery is in the high-voltage discharge region, the tenth switch is turned off, the eleventh switch is turned on, and the battery supplies power to the load unit directly through the circuit where the eleventh switch is located without passing through the switched capacitor converter.

[0031] The present application provides a power supply circuit that integrates the charging unit and the discharging unit of a battery, and can achieve voltage step-up and voltage step-down with multiple ratios. At the same time, according to actual charging needs, the battery can be charged and discharged by turning on and off a tenth switch and an eleventh switch, thereby improving the utilization rate of the switches and the utilization rate of peripheral circuits, and at the same time improving the integration of terminal equipment and reducing costs.

[0032] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the switching circuit is further used to turn on the tenth switch and turn off the eleventh switch to control the switched capacitor converter to boost the first voltage to the second voltage to power the load unit.

[0033] Exemplarily, when the battery is in a low-voltage discharge region, the switch circuit may control the tenth switch to be turned on and the eleventh switch to be turned off, and the battery powers the load unit through a voltage boost by the switched capacitor converter.

[0034] The present application provides a power supply circuit that integrates the charging unit and the discharging unit of a battery, and can achieve voltage step-up and voltage step-down with multiple ratios. At the same time, according to actual charging needs, the battery can be charged and discharged by turning on and off a tenth switch and an eleventh switch, thereby improving the utilization rate of the switches and the utilization rate of peripheral circuits, and at the same time improving the integration of terminal equipment and reducing costs.

[0035] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the power supply circuit also includes a protection circuit, which is arranged between the charging interface and the first port, and the protection circuit is used to disconnect the connection between the charging interface and the first port when the charging voltage provided by the charging interface is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0036] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the negative electrode of the battery is doped with silicon.

[0037] Exemplarily, the battery may be a silicon anode battery.

[0038] In a second aspect, a terminal device is provided, comprising a battery, a load unit, a charging interface, and a power supply circuit as described in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0039] In a third aspect, a power supply method is provided, which is applied to a power supply circuit, wherein the power supply circuit is arranged between a battery and a load unit of an electronic device, and the power supply circuit includes a switched capacitor converter, wherein the switched capacitor converter includes a first port and a second port, wherein the first port is connected to the load unit and a charging interface of the electronic device, and the second port is connected to the battery, wherein the method includes: in a discharge mode of the battery, controlling the switched capacitor converter to boost a first voltage to a second voltage to power the load unit, wherein the first voltage is a voltage of the second port in the discharge mode, the second voltage is a voltage of the first port in the discharge mode, and a ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage is X; in a charging mode of the battery, controlling the switched capacitor converter to step down a third voltage provided by the charging interface to a fourth voltage to charge the battery, wherein the third voltage is a voltage of the first port in the charging mode, the fourth voltage is a voltage of the second port in the charging mode, and the ratio of the fourth voltage to the third voltage is Y, and the product of X and Y is not equal to 1.

[0040] In combination with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the switched capacitor converter further includes a first series branch, including a first switch, a first capacitor, a second switch, a first connection point, and a second connection point, the first switch, the first capacitor, and the second switch are connected in series, the first connection point is located between the first switch and the first capacitor, and the second connection point is located between the first capacitor and the second switch; the second series branch includes a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, a third connection point, a fourth connection point, and a fifth connection point, the third switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch are connected in series, the third connection point is located between the third switch and the fourth capacitor, and the third connection point is located between the third switch and the fifth switch. A first connection point is connected between the first switch and the second switch, the fourth connection point is located between the fourth switch and the fifth switch, and the fifth connection point is located on the side of the fifth switch opposite to the fourth connection point; a sixth switch is connected between the sixth connection point and the fourth connection point, and the sixth connection point is located on the side of the sixth switch opposite to the second connection point; a second capacitor is connected between the third connection point and the fifth connection point; a seventh switch is connected between the first connection point and the fifth connection point; wherein the first port is connected to the first switch and the third switch, and the second port is set between the fourth connection point and the sixth connection point.

[0041] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, the switched capacitor converter further includes an eighth switch connected between the first connection point and the sixth connection point; and a ninth switch connected in series with the second series branch through the fifth connection point.

[0042] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, in a discharge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is less than or equal to a first preset threshold, and in a charge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0043] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, the method further includes: when the voltage of the battery is greater than the first preset threshold, controlling the battery to directly power the load unit without passing through the switched capacitor converter.

[0044] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, the switching circuit includes a tenth switch and an eleventh switch, the tenth switch is arranged between the first port and the load unit, and the second switch is arranged between the load unit and the second port, and the controlling the battery to directly power the load unit without passing through the switching capacitor converter includes: turning off the tenth switch and turning on the eleventh switch.

[0045] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, controlling the switched capacitor converter to boost the first voltage to a second voltage includes: turning on the tenth switch and turning off the eleventh switch to control the switched capacitor converter to boost the first voltage to the second voltage to power the load unit.

[0046] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, the power supply circuit also includes a protection circuit, which is arranged between the charging interface and the first port, and the protection circuit is used to disconnect the connection between the charging interface and the first port when the charging voltage provided by the charging interface is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0047] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, the negative electrode of the battery is doped with silicon. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the working circuit of an electronic device.

[0049] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the working circuit of another electronic device.

[0050] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a switched capacitor converter having an input-to-output voltage ratio of 2 to 1.

[0051] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 2 to 1.

[0052] Figure 5 The invention is a circuit diagram of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 4:1 or 2:1.

[0053] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the working state of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 4 to 1.

[0054] Figure 7 It is a working schematic diagram of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 2 to 1.

[0055] Figure 8 It is an exemplary structural diagram of a working circuit of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of another switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of a switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application in different working states.

[0059] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of another switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application in working state 1.

[0061] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application in working state 2.

[0062] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of another working circuit of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0063] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of another working circuit of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0064] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of different working states of a power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0066] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete way.

[0067] The business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can know that with the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0068] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, the phrases "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear at different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0069] In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: including the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0070] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, some definitions involved in the present application are first briefly explained.

[0071] 1. Flying capacitor: Flying capacitor can replace inductor to store energy and transfer it from input to output.

[0072] 2. Dickson: A classic switched capacitor converter topology type is named Dickson.

[0073] 3. Energy density: refers to the energy stored in an object per unit volume. It is a physical quantity that describes the density of stored energy.

[0074] With the increasing application of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and the fifth generation mobile networks (5G), people are becoming more and more dependent on terminal devices, and the demand for charging terminal devices in fragmented time is becoming more and more vigorous. The birth of fast charging technology has alleviated this contradiction. In the voltage conversion circuit of fast charging technology, capacitor-based step-down switching converters have been widely used due to their simple working logic, high efficiency, no inductance, and small solution area.

[0075] In addition, new process batteries such as silicon negative electrodes are becoming more and more popular, and their energy density is higher than that of traditional graphite batteries. Its power gain comes from the discharge characteristics in the low-voltage area (battery voltage is less than 3.2V), and as the doping concentration of silicon increases, the discharge voltage continues to drop, and can even be reduced to 2.5V, which effectively improves the energy density of the battery, allowing the terminal equipment to provide more battery capacity in the same volume. However, in the existing charging and discharging scheme, it is necessary to add an additional boost circuit module (independent of the existing power supply circuit) to solve the discharge problem of silicon negative electrode batteries when the battery voltage is below 3.2V. This not only makes the circuit very complicated, but also has a high cost.

[0076] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the working circuit of an electronic device.

[0077] The electronic device includes various types of devices that can be charged, such as mobile phones, laptops, tablet computers, smart watches, smart speakers, electric cars or electric bicycles, etc.

[0078] The working circuit includes two independent charging units (a first charging unit and a second charging unit), two independent discharging units (a first discharging unit and a second discharging unit), a battery and a load unit. The load unit can be a short-distance communication chip such as an electronic chip with integrated wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) function, or can be a near field communication (NFC) chip, a central processing unit (CPU) or other processors. The first charging unit is usually a main charger integrated circuit (Main Charger IC), usually a direct current to direct current (DC-DC) conversion circuit containing an inductor, including but not limited to a buck converter (Buck), a boost converter (Boost), and a buck-boost converter (Buck-Boost). The second charging unit is usually a subcharger chip (SubCharger IC), usually a switch capacitor conversion circuit, including but not limited to a 2:1 switch capacitor circuit (switch capacitor, SC), a 3:1 SC, a 4:1 SC, and a 4:2 SC, where 2:1 refers to the ratio of input voltage to output voltage, and the others are similar.

[0079] In order to realize the discharge of silicon negative electrode battery in low voltage area, the modification of input voltage range of load unit is relatively large and costly. The prior art practice is to add a second discharge unit on the basis of the first discharge unit. The first discharge unit is a field effect transistor (battery field-effect transistor, BATFET) that can support bidirectional conduction to control the battery charging path. When the first charging unit is working, the first discharge unit also has the function of supplying power from the load unit to the battery. When the battery is in the high voltage area (for example, greater than 3.2V), the battery directly conducts to supply power to the load unit through the first discharge unit. When the battery is in the low voltage area (for example, less than 3.2V), the battery supplies power to the load through the second discharge unit. The second discharge unit is usually a DC-DC converter with a boost function, which can be a boost DC-DC converter (also referred to as a Boost circuit), a buck-boost DC-DC converter (also referred to as a Buck-Boost circuit) or a boost / bypass DC-DC converter (also referred to as a Boost / Bypass circuit), which realizes boosting the battery in the low voltage area to supply power to the load unit.

[0080] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the working circuit of another electronic device.

[0081] With the continuous development of technology, there are a small number of peripherals such as power management unit (PMU) IC that support the operation of silicon negative electrode low voltage area, which can be directly mounted on the first discharge unit, while other load units that need to be boosted are mounted in the second discharge unit. In this case, the second discharge unit is usually one or more boost / bypass DC-DC converters (also referred to as Boost / Bypass circuits). When the battery voltage is high (for example, greater than 3.2V), the second discharge unit works in bypass mode, and when the battery voltage is low (for example, less than 3.2V), the second discharge unit works in boost mode.

[0082] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The architecture shown is designed for the low-voltage operating characteristics of silicon negative electrode batteries, and requires an additional independent second discharge unit. When there are many peripheral resources, 2-3 boost ICs and their peripheral circuits may be added, resulting in a large waste of resources and board area, and high costs.

[0083] The present application provides a method for implementing a high-voltage power supply architecture for some components of the system by using SC fast charging circuit multiplexing. The method can be applied in terminal equipment. It solves the problem that silicon negative electrode batteries cannot adapt to load units due to low voltage when discharging in low-voltage areas, while adding a small number of electronic components and almost no increase in circuit layout area. The method has high integration, low cost, and better working efficiency than existing solutions.

[0084] Before specifically describing the power supply circuit and power supply method provided in the present application, the step-up / step-down converter that may be involved in the embodiments of the present application is first described.

[0085] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a switched capacitor converter having an input-to-output voltage ratio of 2 to 1.

[0086] Figure 3 The switch tube S1, switch tube S2, switch tube S3, switch tube S4, capacitor Ci, capacitor Co, and flying capacitor Cf form a switched capacitor converter with an input-output voltage ratio of 2 to 1. In stage A, the switch tubes S1 and S3 are turned on, the switch tubes S2 and S4 are turned off (the switch tubes in the off state are not shown in the figure), and the input voltage VIN transmits energy to the output VOUT through the flying capacitor Cf, and the flying capacitor Cf is charged, VIN=VCF+VOUT. In stage B, the switch tubes S2 and S4 are turned on, the switch tubes S1 and S3 are turned off (the switch tubes in the off state are not shown in the figure), and the flying capacitor Cf transmits energy to the output VOUT and is in a discharging state, VCF=VOUT. It should be understood that the arrow direction of the flying capacitor Cf is charging downward, and the arrow direction is discharging upward. VIN is the input voltage, VOUT is the output voltage, and VCF is the voltage of the flying capacitor Cf. Both phase A and phase B work for 1 / 2 switching cycle. Under ideal conditions, without considering parasitic parameters in the circuit, combining the two equations VIN=VCF+VOUT and VCF=VOUT, we can get VOUT=VCF=1 / 2VIN.

[0087] In practical applications, when a two-phase 2:1 circuit is used for staggered parallel operation, the ripple on the capacitor and output voltage can be effectively reduced, and the working efficiency of the circuit can be improved. Therefore, the commonly used switched capacitor charging IC is usually composed of 8 switches.

[0088] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 2 to 1.

[0089] A 2:1 SC circuit is formed by switch tube S1, switch tube S2, switch tube S3, switch tube S4, switch tube S5, switch tube S6, switch tube S7, and switch tube S8, wherein switch tube S1, switch tube S2, switch tube S3, and switch tube S4 form a first-phase 2:1 SC, and switch tube S5, switch tube S6, switch tube S7, and switch tube S8 form a second-phase 2:1 SC. When this circuit works in a 2:1 mode, the working mode is similar to that of a one-phase SC, and the switch driving of the two-phase SC is 180 degrees out of phase, that is, in phase A, S1, S3, S6, and S8 are turned on, and S2, S4, S5, and S7 are turned off, and in phase B, S1, S3, S6, and S8 are turned off, and S2, S4, S5, and S7 are turned on.

[0090] Figure 5 The invention is a circuit diagram of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 4:1 or 2:1.

[0091] Figure 5 The switch tubes S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, input capacitor Ci, output capacitor Co, flying capacitor Cf1, flying capacitor Cf2, and flying capacitor Cf3 form a switched capacitor converter of Dickson architecture, which can work in the input-output voltage transfer ratio mode of 4:1 and 2:1. Figure 6 and Figure 7 These two modes are described in detail.

[0092] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the working state of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 4 to 1.

[0093] It should be understood that Figure 6 The arrow direction of the flying capacitors Cf1 to Cf3 is charging, and the arrow direction is discharging. When working in 4:1 mode, in stage A, the switch tubes S1, S3, S6, and S7 are turned on, and S2, S4, S5, and S8 are turned off (the switch tubes in the off state are not shown in the figure), and the input voltage VIN transfers energy to the output VOUT through the flying capacitor Cf1, and the flying capacitor Cf2 discharges Cf3 and the output, and VIN = VCF1 + VOUT, VCF2 = VCF3 + VOUT. In stage B, the switch tubes S2, S4, S5, and S8 are turned on, and S1, S3, S6, and S7 are turned off (the switch tubes in the off state are not shown in the figure), and the flying capacitor Cf3 transfers energy to the output VOUT and is in a discharging state. Cf1 discharges Cf2 and VOUT, and VCF1 = VCF2 + VOUT, VCF3 = VOUT. Each stage works for 1 / 2 switching cycle. In an ideal state, without considering the parasitic parameters in the circuit, VOUT = VCF3 = VCF2 / 2 = VCF1 / 3 = 1 / 4VIN. VIN is the input voltage, VOUT is the output voltage, VCF1 is the voltage of the flying capacitor Cf1, VCF2 is the voltage of the flying capacitor Cf2, and VCF3 is the voltage of the flying capacitor Cf3.

[0094] Figure 7 It is a working schematic diagram of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 2 to 1.

[0095] When working in 2:1 mode, switch tubes S2 and S3 are always turned on (forming bypass BYPASS mode), and switch tubes S1, S4, S5, and S6 can form a phase 2:1 switch capacitor converter, and Cf2 serves as the flying capacitor of the switch capacitor converter. S1, S4, S7, and S8 can form another phase 2:1 switch capacitor converter, and Cf1 and Cf3 are connected in parallel to form the flying capacitor of the switch capacitor converter. In stage A, switch tubes S1, S5, and S7 are turned on, and S4, S6, and S8 are turned off (the switch tubes in the off state are not shown in the figure), and VIN charges Cf1, Cf2, and Cf3, and transmits energy to the output VOUT. In phase B, the switches S4, S6, and S8 are turned on, and S1, S5, and S7 are turned off (the switches in the off state are not shown in the figure). At this time, Cf1, Cf2, and Cf3 are in a discharging state when transmitting energy to the output. In an ideal state, without considering the parasitic parameters in the circuit, VOUT = VCF3 = VCF2 = VCF1 = 1 / 2VIN. VIN is the input voltage, VOUT is the output voltage, VCF1 is the voltage of the flying capacitor Cf1, VCF2 is the voltage of the flying capacitor Cf2, and VCF3 is the voltage of the flying capacitor Cf3.

[0096] Figure 8 It is an exemplary structural diagram of a working circuit of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0097] The electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application include various types of devices that can be charged, such as mobile phones, laptops, tablets, smart watches, smart speakers, electric cars or electric bicycles, etc. The specific type of electronic device should not be construed as a limitation on the present application.

[0098] The power supply circuit 100 includes a switched capacitor converter 110 and a switch circuit 120. The switched capacitor converter 110 includes a first port 111 and a second port 113, the first port 111 is connected to a load unit 140 and a charging interface 150 of an electronic device, and the second port 113 is connected to a battery 130. The load unit 140 may be, for example, a short-range communication chip such as an electronic chip with integrated Wi-Fi function, or may be an NFC chip, a CPU, etc.

[0099] The switch circuit 120 is used to control the switch capacitor converter 110 to step up the first voltage to the second voltage in the discharge mode of the battery 130 to supply power to the load unit 140, the first voltage is the voltage of the second port 113 in the discharge mode, the second voltage is the voltage of the first port 11 in the discharge mode, and the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage is X. The switch circuit 120 is also used to control the switch capacitor converter 110 to step down the third voltage provided by the charging interface 150 to the fourth voltage in the charging mode of the battery 130 to charge the battery 130, the third voltage is the voltage of the first port 111 in the charging mode, the fourth voltage is the voltage of the second port 113 in the charging mode, the ratio of the fourth voltage to the third voltage is Y, and the product of X and Y is not equal to 1.

[0100] Exemplarily, 1<X≤2, for example, X may be equal to 3 / 2, 4 / 3 or 2, and Y may be equal to 1 / 2, 2 / 3 or 1 / 4.

[0101] The charging interface is used to provide an initial charging voltage. The initial charging voltage may be a DC bus voltage (VBUS) or an initial charging voltage provided by an external power source. Exemplarily, the charging interface may be connected to an external power source, and the external power source may be an adapter, a mobile power source, a charger, a power bank, and the like, without any limitation. The adapter is used to convert power from a power outlet to a power specification and connector type suitable for a specific device, such as various types of chargers, such as a universal serial bus (USB) charger, an electric bicycle charger, a car charger, a laptop charger, a mobile phone charger, and the like.

[0102] It should be understood that in the discharge mode of the battery, the battery voltage is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, that is, the battery is in a low voltage discharge area. In the charging mode of the battery, the battery voltage is greater than the second preset threshold, that is, the battery is in a high voltage charging area.

[0103] It should be understood that the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold can be the same value. Exemplarily, the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are equal, both are M, and the voltage less than or equal to M can be divided into the low-voltage discharge area and low-voltage charging area of ​​the battery (referred to as the low-voltage area), and the voltage greater than M can be divided into the high-voltage charging area and high-voltage discharge area of ​​the battery (referred to as the high-voltage area), for example, 2.5V≤M≤3.5V, M can be 3.1V, 3.3V or 2.7V, etc. The specific division values ​​should not be understood as limitations on the present application. In the discharge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is less than or equal to 3.2V, and in the charging mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is greater than 3.2V.

[0104] The first preset threshold and the second preset threshold may also be different values. For example, the first preset threshold is 3.2V, and the second preset threshold is 3.5V. The voltage less than or equal to 3.2V is divided into the low-voltage discharge area of ​​the battery, and the voltage greater than 3.2V is divided into the high-voltage discharge area of ​​the battery; the voltage greater than 3.5V is divided into the high-voltage charging area of ​​the battery, and the voltage less than or equal to 3.5V is divided into the low-voltage charging area of ​​the battery. In the discharge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is less than or equal to 3.2V, and in the charging mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is greater than 3.5V.

[0105] In the embodiment of the present application, taking the case where the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are the same as an example, a voltage less than or equal to M is divided into a low-voltage area of ​​the battery, and a voltage greater than M is divided into a high-voltage area of ​​the battery. The case where the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are different is similar, and the present application will not repeat them. This example should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0106] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0107] The switched capacitor converter includes a first series branch 210, a second series branch 220, a sixth switch S6, a seventh switch S7 and a second capacitor CF2.

[0108] The first series branch 210 includes a first switch S1, a first capacitor CF1, a second switch S2, a first connection point d1 and a second connection point d2. S1, CF1 and S2 are connected in series, d1 is located between S1 and CF1, and d2 is located between CF1 and S2.

[0109] The second series branch 220 includes a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a fifth switch S5, a third connection point d3, a fourth connection point d4 and a fifth connection point d5. S3, S4 and S5 are connected in series, d3 is located between S3 and S4, d4 is located between S4 and S5, and d5 is located on a side of S5 opposite to d4.

[0110] S6 is connected between d6 and d4, and d6 is located on the side of S2 opposite to d2. CF2 is connected between d3 and d5. S7 is connected between d1 and d5. Among them, VIN can be regarded as the input voltage of the first port, which is connected to S1 and S3 respectively, and VOUT can be regarded as the output voltage of the second port 113, which is set between d4 and d6.

[0111] The switch circuit 120 is used to control the switch capacitor converter to work alternately in a first working state and a second working state to boost the first voltage to a second voltage. In the first working state, S1, S6, S3 and S5 are turned on, S2, S4 and S7 are turned off, VIN=VCF1+VOUT, VIN=VCF2+VOUT. In the second working state, S1, S6, S3 and S5 are turned off, S2, S4 and S7 are turned on, VCF1+VCF2=VOUT. VIN is the input voltage, VOUT is the output voltage, VCF1 is the voltage of the first capacitor CF1, and VCF2 is the voltage of the second capacitor CF2.

[0112] When the circuit works in steady state, the first working state and the second working state work alternately for 50% of the time, and CF1 and CF2 are charged in the first working state and discharged in the second working state, thus satisfying the charge conservation law. The equations of the two working states can be solved together to get A 3:2 step-down conversion of input voltage and output voltage is realized. When this circuit works in reverse, that is, when the input and output ends are swapped, A 2:3 boost conversion can be achieved.

[0113] The switched capacitor converter provided in the embodiment of the present application can be combined with Fig. 9 The circuit structure shown makes the fixed ratio charge pump compatible with the multi-ratio circuit architecture, realizes different ratios of input and output voltages, and can be applied to terminal equipment scenarios requiring multiple ratios.

[0114] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of another switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application. The switched capacitor converter can be regarded as Figure 4 Based on the 8 switch tubes, the following are added Fig.10 The switch S7 shown enables the circuit to achieve an input-to-output voltage conversion ratio of 3 to 2. The switched capacitor converter can also be viewed as Fig. 9 Switches S8 and S9 are added to the switched capacitor converter of the present invention, so that the circuit can further achieve an input-to-output voltage conversion ratio of 2 to 1.

[0115] Fig.11 The embodiment of this application provides Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the switched capacitor converter in different working states.

[0116] When in working state 1, switch tubes S1, S3, S5, and S6 are turned on, and switch tubes S2, S4, S7, S8, and S9 are turned off (the switch tubes in the off state are not shown in the figure). The VIN voltage charges the flying capacitor CF1 through S1 and S6, and charges the flying capacitor CF2 through S3 and S5, VCF1=VCF2=VIN-VOUT. When in working state 2, switch tubes S2, S4, and S7 are turned on, and switch tubes S1, S3, S5, S6, S8, and S9 are turned off, VCF1+VCF2=VOUT. When the circuit works in steady state, working state 1 and working state 2 work alternately for 50% of the time, and the flying capacitor satisfies the charging in the first working state and the discharging in the second working state, thereby satisfying the charge conservation law. The equations of the two working states are solved together to get When the circuit is operated in reverse, that is, the input and output are swapped, A boost conversion can be achieved.

[0117] Fig.10 and Fig.11 The circuit shown can be regarded as a fusion circuit with a forward 3:2 and a reverse 2:3 ratio by adding a switch on the basis of the traditional fixed ratio 2:1 circuit (reverse 1:2). The working principle of this switched capacitor converter to achieve an input and output voltage ratio of 2:1 (reverse 1:2) can be seen in Figure 4 The description is not repeated in this application.

[0118] When the battery is in the high voltage region (for example, greater than 3.2V) charging state, the circuit can be operated in 2:1 mode, and the charging interface can quickly charge the battery. When the battery is in the low voltage region (for example, less than or equal to 3.2V), the circuit can be operated in the reverse 2:3 mode, so as to provide power to the high voltage load unit with only a small increase in cost.

[0119] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the voltage less than or equal to 3.2V is divided into a low voltage area, and the voltage greater than 3.2V is divided into a high voltage area for example, and other division methods may also be used, such as dividing a voltage less than or equal to M into a low voltage area, and a voltage greater than M into a high voltage area, 2.5V≤M≤3.5V, for example, M may be 3.1V, 3.3V or 2.7V, etc. The specific division values ​​should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0120] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of another switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0121] The switch tube S11, the switch tube S12, the switch tube S13, the switch tube S14, the switch tube S15, the switch tube S16, the switch tube S17, the switch tube S18, the input capacitor Ci, the output capacitor Co, the flying capacitor Cf11, the flying capacitor Cf12, and the flying capacitor Cf13 form a switched capacitor converter of a Dickson structure in one phase, and the converter can work in the input-output voltage transmission ratio of 4:1 and 2:1 mode. The switch tube S21, the switch tube S22, the switch tube S23, the switch tube S24, the switch tube S25, the switch tube S26, the switch tube S27, the switch tube S28, the input capacitor Ci, the output capacitor Co, the flying capacitor Cf21, the flying capacitor Cf22, and the flying capacitor Cf23 form a switched capacitor converter of another Dickson structure in another phase, and the converter can work in the input-output voltage transmission ratio of 4:1 and 2:1 mode.

[0122] and Fig. 9 Similarly, a switch tube S29 can be added to make Fig.12 The switched capacitor converter shown can operate in modes with input-to-output voltage ratios of 4:1, 2:1, and 3:2.

[0123] Fig.13 The embodiment of this application provides Fig.12 The schematic diagram of the switched capacitor converter in working state 1 is shown.

[0124] When working in state 1, switch tubes S12 and S13 are turned on to form BYPASS mode, switch tubes S22 and S23 are turned on to form BYPASS mode, switch tubes S11, S17, S21, and S27 are turned on, and switch tubes S14, S15, S16, S18, S24, S25, S26, S28, and S29 are turned off, and VIN = VCF11 + VOUT, VIN = VCF21 + VOUT can be obtained. VIN is the input voltage, VOUT is the output voltage, VCF11 is the voltage of capacitor Cf11, and VCF21 is the voltage of capacitor Cf21.

[0125] Fig.14 The embodiment of this application provides Fig.12 The schematic diagram of the switched capacitor converter in working state 2 is shown.

[0126] When working in state 2, switch tubes S12 and S13 are turned on to form BYPASS mode, switch tubes S22 and S23 are turned on to form BYPASS mode, switch tubes S29, S18, and S24 are turned on, switch tubes S11, S14, S15, S16, S17, S21, S25, S26, S27, and S28 are turned off, Cf11 and Cf21 are connected in series to discharge the load, and VCF11+VCF21=VOUT.

[0127] State 1 and state 2 work alternately for 50% of the time. When the circuit works in steady state, it can be considered that the capacitor voltages in state 1 and state 2 are basically equal. The simultaneous equations VIN=VCF11+VOUT, VIN=VCF21+VOUT and Cf11+Cf21=VOUT show that VOUT=2 / 3VIN, VCF11=VCF21=1 / 3VIN.

[0128] Fig.12 The switched capacitor converter shown in FIG. 1 operates in the 4:1 (reverse 1:4) and 2:1 (reverse 1:2) modes. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The description is not repeated in this application.

[0129] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of another working circuit of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0130] The working circuit includes a power supply circuit 100, a battery 330, a first discharge unit 340, a load unit 350, a first charging unit 360 and a charging interface 370. Among them, the battery 330 can be a silicon negative electrode battery, and the first charging unit 360 is a main charging chip, which is usually a DC-DC conversion circuit containing an inductor, including but not limited to a buck converter (Buck), a boost converter (Boost), and a buck-boost converter (Buck-Boost). The power supply circuit 100 in the embodiment of the present application includes a switched capacitor converter that supports multiple transformation ratios. In the battery charging scenario, when the battery 330 voltage is higher than a preset threshold, the initial charging voltage received from the charging interface 370 is stepped down to a voltage that meets the requirements of the battery 330 to charge the battery 330. When the battery 330 voltage is lower than or equal to the preset threshold, the power supply circuit 100 is used to perform a 1:N (where 1<N≤2) boost, thereby replacing the independent second discharge unit used in the prior art.

[0131] The charging interface 370 is used to provide an initial charging voltage. The initial charging voltage may be a DC bus voltage (VBUS) or an initial charging voltage provided by an external power source. Exemplarily, the charging interface 370 may be connected to an external power source, and the external power source may be an adapter, a mobile power source, a charger, a power bank, etc., without any limitation. The adapter is used to convert power from a power outlet to a power specification and connector type suitable for a specific device, such as various types of chargers, such as a universal serial bus (USB) charger, an electric bicycle charger, a car charger, a laptop charger, a mobile phone charger, etc.

[0132] Fig.16It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of another working circuit of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.16 and Fig.15 Similarly, the first load unit 351 such as a power management unit (PMU) IC supporting the silicon negative electrode low voltage region operation can be directly mounted on the first discharge unit 340 , while other second load units 352 that need to be boosted are mounted on the power supply circuit 100 .

[0133] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of different working states of a power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.17 and Fig.16 Correspondingly, the following combination Fig.17 The working mode of the power supply circuit provided in this application is described in detail.

[0134] The power supply circuit 100 includes a switched capacitor converter 110, a tenth switch Q10 and an eleventh switch Q11. The tenth switch Q10 and the eleventh switch Q11 may belong to the switch circuit 120. It should be understood that the present application does not limit the specific type and quantity of the tenth switch Q10 and the eleventh switch Q11, as long as they can complete the switch function.

[0135] The switched capacitor converter 110 includes a port D1 and a port D2, wherein the port D1 is connected to the second load unit 352 and the charging interface 370, and the port D2 is connected to the battery 330. The tenth switch Q10 is disposed between the port D1 and the second load unit 352, and the eleventh switch Q11 is disposed between the second load unit 352 and the port D2. For example, the port D3 is located between the tenth switch Q10 and the eleventh switch Q11, and the second load unit 352 is connected to the power supply circuit 100 via the port D3.

[0136] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, in order to prevent the input voltage from being too large and causing damage to the device, an overvoltage protection (OVP) circuit 390 may be provided after the charging interface 370. In this way, if the initial charging voltage exceeds the OVP threshold, the output of the overvoltage protection circuit 390 will be turned off, thereby protecting the device from being damaged due to excessive voltage.

[0137] The first situation: the battery 330 is in a charging state, that is, the charging interface 370 is powered.

[0138] Exemplarily, the adapter is in place, the charging interface 370 provides an initial charging voltage, and the battery 330 is charged through the adapter.

[0139] When the battery 330 is in the low voltage area (voltage ≤ 3.2V), the first charging unit 360 slowly charges the battery 330 through the BATFET, and the first load unit 351 can be powered by the adapter, or when the power supply capacity of the adapter is insufficient, the battery 330 participates in the power supplement. The second load unit 352 is powered by the battery 330 through the boost circuit of the switch capacitor converter 110, such as a 2 to 3 boost circuit, at this time, the tenth switch Q10 is in the on state, and the eleventh switch Q11 is in the off state. It should be understood that the tenth switch Q10 and the eleventh switch Q11 of the power supply circuit 100 can be integrated inside the chip or outside the chip.

[0140] It should be understood that the input voltage of the second load unit 352 is usually no more than 5V, so when the battery 330 is in the low voltage area (voltage ≤ 3.2V), if the output voltage of the battery 330 is 3.2V, the output voltage after the 2 to 3 boost circuit of the switch capacitor converter 110 is 3.2×1.5=4.8V, which does not exceed 5V. In some possible application scenarios, if the output voltage of the battery 330 is less than 3.2V, or the input voltage of the second load unit 352 can exceed 5V, the 1 to 2 boost circuit of the switch capacitor converter 110 or other boost circuits can also be used to power the second load unit 352, and this example should not be understood as a limitation to the present application.

[0141] When the battery 330 is in the high voltage region (voltage>3.2V), the charging interface 370 quickly charges the battery 330 through a step-down circuit such as a 2:1, 4:1 or 3:2 step-down circuit of the switched capacitor converter 110. The first load unit 351 is powered by the first discharge unit 340, and the second load unit 352 is powered by the battery 330 through the eleventh switch Q11 of the switched capacitor converter 110. At this time, the tenth switch Q10 is in an off state, and the eleventh switch Q11 is in an on state.

[0142] The second situation: the battery 330 is in a discharging state, that is, the charging interface 370 is not powered.

[0143] When the battery 330 is in the low voltage area (voltage ≤ 3.2V), the first load unit 351 can be powered by the BATFET of the first discharge unit 340, and the second load unit 352 is powered by the battery 330 through the boost circuit of the switch capacitor converter 110, such as a 2 to 3 boost circuit. At this time, the tenth switch Q10 is in the on state and the eleventh switch Q11 is in the off state. Similar to the first case, in some possible application scenarios, the 1 to 2 boost circuit of the switch capacitor converter 110 can also be used to power the second load unit 352, and this example should not be understood as a limitation to the present application.

[0144] When the battery 330 is in the high voltage region (voltage>3.2V), the first load unit 351 is still powered by the first discharge unit 340, and the second load unit 352 is powered by the battery 330 through the eleventh switch Q11 in the power supply circuit 100. At this time, the tenth switch Q10 is in the off state, and the eleventh switch Q11 is in the on state.

[0145] The present application provides a power supply circuit that integrates the charging unit and the discharging unit of a battery, which can achieve voltage step-up and voltage step-down with multiple transformation ratios, improve the utilization rate of switches and peripheral circuits, and at the same time improve the integration of terminal equipment and reduce costs.

[0146] It should be understood that the present application does not limit the specific type of switch, as long as it can complete the function of the switch. The present application also does not limit the specific number of switches. Exemplarily, the switch tube S1 can also be a plurality of switches.

[0147] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, when a device is "connected" to another device, it can be directly connected to the other device, or there can be an intermediate device between the two. "Connected" can also be replaced by "electrically connected", "coupled", etc., without limitation.

[0148] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the technical field of the present application. The terms used in this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. It should be understood that the above is for illustration, and the examples above are only to help those skilled in the art understand the embodiments of the present application, rather than to limit the application embodiments to the specific numerical values ​​or specific scenarios illustrated. It is obvious that various equivalent modifications or changes can be made by those skilled in the art according to the examples given above, and such modifications and changes also fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0149] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that: The power supply circuit is arranged between the battery and the load unit of the electronic device, and comprises: A switched capacitor converter, comprising a first port and a second port, the first port being connected to the load unit and a charging interface of the electronic device, and the second port being connected to the battery; a switch circuit, used for controlling the switched capacitor converter to boost the first voltage to a second voltage in the discharge mode of the battery to supply power to the load unit, wherein the first voltage is the voltage of the second port in the discharge mode, the second voltage is the voltage of the first port in the discharge mode, and the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage is X; The switching circuit is further used to control the switched capacitor converter to step down the third voltage provided by the charging interface into a fourth voltage in the charging mode of the battery to charge the battery, wherein the third voltage is the voltage of the first port in the charging mode, the fourth voltage is the voltage of the second port in the charging mode, the ratio of the fourth voltage to the third voltage is Y, and the product of X and Y is not equal to 1.

2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switched capacitor converter further comprises: A first series branch includes a first switch, a first capacitor, a second switch, a first connection point and a second connection point, wherein the first switch, the first capacitor and the second switch are connected in series, the first connection point is located between the first switch and the first capacitor, and the second connection point is located between the first capacitor and the second switch; a second series branch, comprising a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, a third connection point, a fourth connection point and a fifth connection point, wherein the third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected in series, the third connection point is located between the third switch and the fourth switch, the fourth connection point is located between the fourth switch and the fifth switch, and the fifth connection point is located on a side of the fifth switch opposite to the fourth connection point; a sixth switch connected between a sixth connection point and the fourth connection point, the sixth connection point being located on a side of the sixth switch opposite to the second connection point; a second capacitor connected between the third connection point and the fifth connection point; a seventh switch connected between the first connection point and the fifth connection point; The first port is connected to the first switch and the third switch, and the second port is arranged between the fourth connection point and the sixth connection point.

3. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switched capacitor converter further comprises: an eighth switch connected between the first connection point and the sixth connection point; A ninth switch is connected in series with the second series branch via the fifth connection point.

4. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In a discharge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is less than or equal to a first preset threshold value, and in a charge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is greater than a second preset threshold value.

5. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The switch circuit is further configured to control the battery to directly supply power to the load unit without passing through the switch capacitor converter when the voltage of the battery is greater than the first preset threshold.

6. The power supply circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The switch circuit includes a tenth switch and an eleventh switch, the tenth switch is arranged between the first port and the load unit, and the second switch is arranged between the load unit and the second port. The switch circuit is used to turn off the tenth switch and turn on the eleventh switch, so that the battery directly supplies power to the load unit.

7. The power supply circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The switch circuit is further configured to turn on the tenth switch and turn off the eleventh switch, so as to control the switched capacitor converter to boost the first voltage to the second voltage, so as to supply power to the load unit.

8. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The negative electrode of the battery is doped with silicon.

9. A terminal device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery, a load unit, a charging interface and a power supply circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A power supply method, characterized in that: Applied to a power supply circuit, the power supply circuit is arranged between a battery and a load unit of an electronic device, the power supply circuit comprises a switched capacitor converter, the switched capacitor converter comprises a first port and a second port, the first port is connected to the load unit and a charging interface of the electronic device, the second port is connected to the battery, The method comprises: In the discharge mode of the battery, the switched capacitor converter is controlled to boost the first voltage to a second voltage to supply power to the load unit, wherein the first voltage is the voltage of the second port in the discharge mode, the second voltage is the voltage of the first port in the discharge mode, and the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage is X; In the charging mode of the battery, the switched capacitor converter is controlled to step down the third voltage provided by the charging interface into a fourth voltage to charge the battery, the third voltage is the voltage of the first port in the charging mode, the fourth voltage is the voltage of the second port in the charging mode, the ratio of the fourth voltage to the third voltage is Y, and the product of X and Y is not equal to 1.

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