Communication transmission control method of Internet of Vehicles based on 5G

Abstract

The invention discloses a communication transmission control method of Internet of Vehicles based on 5G, and particularly relates to the field of vehicle communication transmission, the communication transmission control method comprises a vehicle terminal, an information processing terminal, a roadside unit, a 5G base station, a core network and a control center, the vehicle terminal is equipped with a 5G communication module and a sensor group, and the roadside unit is distributed along a road and is connected with the 5G base station; the vehicle terminal is a basic component directly related to a vehicle in the Internet of Vehicles, and a 5G communication module and a sensor group of the vehicle terminal play a crucial role; the 5G communication module is responsible for performing wireless communication with the outside and realizing data transmission between the vehicle and the roadside unit as well as between the vehicle and the 5G base station; the 5G network characteristics are fully utilized, the vehicle acceleration and the network real-time environment are tightly combined, the communication strategy is accurately adjusted according to data of different priorities, the data transmission efficiency and reliability are greatly improved, and a firm defense line is built for driving safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vehicle communication transmission technology, and more specifically, to a communication transmission control method for a 5G-based vehicle network. Background Art

[0002] In the intelligent transportation system, the Internet of Vehicles, as a core technology, undertakes the important task of efficient information exchange between vehicles and the outside world, and is the key to improving traffic efficiency and ensuring driving safety. However, the current Internet of Vehicles communication faces many severe challenges. In the scenario of high-speed driving of vehicles, traditional communication networks frequently switch signals and are prone to interruptions. At the same time, in areas with dense traffic, a large number of vehicles transmit data concurrently, and the existing network bandwidth is difficult to meet the demand, resulting in low data transmission rate and serious information delay. The existing communication transmission control method is insufficient in the perception and response capabilities of vehicle dynamic changes and real-time network conditions, and it is difficult to flexibly and accurately adjust the communication strategy, which in turn causes network congestion, greatly affecting the timeliness and stability of data transmission, and seriously restricting the full play of the functions of the Internet of Vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a communication transmission control method for the Internet of Vehicles based on 5G. By deeply exploring the outstanding advantages of the 5G network and monitoring the vehicle status and network environment in real time from all angles, dynamic and intelligent adjustment of the communication strategy is achieved to ensure that the Internet of Vehicles communication always maintains efficient and stable operation, effectively solving the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a communication transmission control method for a 5G-based vehicle network, comprising a vehicle terminal, an information processing terminal, a roadside unit, a 5G base station, a core network and a control center, wherein the vehicle terminal is equipped with a 5G communication module and a sensor group, and the roadside units are distributed along the road and connected to the 5G base station, specifically comprising the following steps: S1. Information collection step: When the vehicle is driving, the vehicle's own information is collected in real time using the on-board sensor group, and the vehicle terminal monitors the environmental information through the 5G communication module; S2, priority confirmation step: the information processing terminal determines the priority of data transmission according to the collected information and application requirements; S3, dynamic communication strategy adjustment step: according to the collected data, for different priority data, dynamically adjust the communication strategy through the information processing terminal, including transmission rate and retransmission mechanism; S4, resource allocation step: the vehicle terminal exchanges data with the roadside unit according to the adjusted strategy, and the roadside unit collects surrounding vehicle data and forwards it to the 5G base station, which then transmits the data to the core network for resource allocation; S5, communication effect evaluation step: the control center collects data information fed back by vehicle terminals, roadside units and 5G base stations, and evaluates the communication effect through the information processing terminal; S6, feedback optimization step: The control center establishes corresponding data thresholds and performs optimization operations based on the evaluation results.

[0005] Preferably, the vehicle's own information includes acceleration a, and the environmental information includes network signal strength S, signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio SINR, and available bandwidth B; wherein, the acceleration is collected by an acceleration sensor; the network signal strength S, signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio SINR, and available bandwidth B are obtained by the 5G communication module by obtaining relevant signaling from the 5G network.

[0006] Preferably, the specific method of determining the priority of data transmission is: subdividing the Internet of Vehicles data into security data P s , Traffic Data t And entertainment data e , and P s =3>P t =2>P e =1, where safety data includes vehicle emergency brake signal, front vehicle collision warning and road obstacle detection information. When the vehicle brakes, the acceleration a is less than the emergency brake acceleration threshold of −5 m / s, which triggers the vehicle emergency brake signal. When the relative speed between the vehicle and the front vehicle V r and relative distance D r satisfy And V r >0, the forward vehicle collision warning is triggered; road obstacle detection information is uploaded by the on-board sensor; traffic data includes real-time traffic congestion information and traffic light status, which are obtained and transmitted by the roadside unit; entertainment data includes online music and video playback.

[0007] Preferably, the transmission rate is adjusted as follows: comprehensively considering the network signal strength S, signal to interference noise ratio SINR and available bandwidth B, when S>=140dBm, SINR>=0dB, first calculate the theoretical transmission rate When the absolute value of acceleration |a|>2m / s² and the signal strength S<=-105dBm, the transmission rate is adjusted; the transmission rate of security data is adjusted. ; Adjust traffic data transmission rate , adjust the data transmission rate for entertainment .

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment of the retransmission mechanism is: setting a timeout time T for data transmission waiting for confirmation def =0.5s, if T defIf no confirmation message is received within 10 seconds, the transmission is considered to have failed and needs to be retransmitted; (1) When the absolute value of acceleration |a|<=2m / s², safety data is retransmitted immediately, and the maximum number of retransmissions is 3 times; for traffic data, the first retransmission time interval is T r1 =T def， ×1.5, if it fails again, the retransmission time interval is T r2 =T r1 ×2 and the maximum number of retransmissions is 2; for entertainment data, the first retransmission time interval is T e1 =T def ×2, if it fails again, the retransmission time interval is T e2 =T e1 ×2 and the maximum number of retransmissions is 2 times; (2) When the absolute value of acceleration |a|>2m / s², the security data is immediately retransmitted and the upper limit is 3 times. If the acceleration continues to be large and the network signal strength S<-105dBm, the redundancy ratio of the retransmitted data is increased. ; For traffic data, the first retransmission interval If it fails again, the retransmission time interval is T r2 =T r1 ×2 and the maximum number of retransmissions is 2; for entertainment data, the first retransmission interval If it fails again, the retransmission time interval is T e2 =T e1 ×2 and the number of retransmissions is at most 2 times; preferably, the specific method of resource allocation is: the information processing terminal first calculates the network load , where B i is the bandwidth occupied by vehicles currently using network resources, B total is the total bandwidth of the 5G base station, and the 5G base station dynamically allocates resources according to the network load; when L>0.7, priority is given to bandwidth for security data and bandwidth allocation for entertainment data is reduced. The bandwidth adjustment ratio is: security data increases , entertainment category decreased ; When L>0.8, the traffic data bandwidth is also appropriately reduced, and the reduction ratio is The reduced bandwidth is allocated to security data first. Preferably, the evaluation of communication effect includes the data transmission success rate , average transmission delay And packet loss rate , where P i Indicates the priority of the i-th type of data, N i-s Indicates the amount of data successfully transmitted for the i-th type of data, N i-t represents the total transmission volume of the i-th category data, m represents the number of categories and is 3; T j represents the delay time of the jth data transmission, a jrepresents the acceleration of the vehicle at the jth transmission, S j Indicates the network signal strength at the jth transmission, SINR j represents the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio at the jth transmission, S0 and SINR0 represent the signal strength threshold and signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio threshold, respectively, and n represents the total number of data transmissions; P k Indicates the priority of the k-th type of data, N k-l Indicates the amount of data lost in the kth category, N k-t represents the total transmission volume of the kth category data, and m represents the number of categories and is 3. Preferably, the specific method of the optimization operation is as follows: (1) when the data transmission success rate is lower than the threshold, the control center adjusts the retransmission mechanism according to the packet loss of different data types. When the packet loss rate of security data is high, its retransmission interval is shortened, and the data redundancy of each retransmission is increased. The redundancy increase ratio is , if the packet loss rate of traffic data is high, while adjusting the retransmission interval, optimize its data scheduling priority to make it more advantageous in network resource allocation; (2) when the average transmission delay is higher than the threshold, optimize the data transmission path according to the vehicle acceleration and network conditions. For vehicles with large acceleration and weak network signals, give priority to them to communicate with nearby roadside units with stronger signals, reduce the number of transmission hops, and reduce delay; (3) if the packet loss rate is higher than the threshold, the 5G base station dynamically adjusts the bandwidth allocation according to the network load. When the network load L is less than 0.8, appropriately reduce the entertainment data bandwidth, increase the security data and traffic data bandwidth, and adjust the ratio to reduce the entertainment data bandwidth. The increased bandwidth is allocated to security data and traffic data in a ratio of 3:2. When the network load L is greater than or equal to 0.8, in addition to reducing the entertainment data bandwidth, the transmission of newly connected entertainment data is restricted to give priority to the transmission of security and traffic data.

[0009] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: The present invention makes full use of the characteristics of 5G networks, closely combines vehicle acceleration and the real-time network environment, accurately adjusts communication strategies for data of different priorities, and gives priority to ensuring safety data transmission in complex scenarios where vehicles accelerate and decelerate drastically, greatly improving data transmission efficiency and reliability, and building a solid defense line for driving safety. The present invention optimizes the data transmission path and improves the utilization rate of network resources through the coordinated communication between vehicles, roadside units, and 5G base stations, as well as the intelligent allocation of resources. When the network load is high, the bandwidth is reasonably allocated according to the data priority, which effectively reduces the data transmission delay and packet loss rate, and provides stable and efficient communication support for various applications of the Internet of Vehicles. The communication effect evaluation and feedback optimization mechanism established by the present invention enables the system to continuously optimize according to the actual communication conditions of different types of data. This adaptability ensures that the Internet of Vehicles communication can achieve differentiated services in various traffic scenarios and network environments, thereby improving the overall communication performance and user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] A communication transmission control method for a 5G-based vehicle network includes a vehicle terminal, an information processing terminal, a roadside unit, a 5G base station, a core network and a control center. The vehicle terminal is equipped with a 5G communication module and a sensor group. The roadside units are distributed along the road and connected to the 5G base station.

[0013] Vehicle terminal: It is the basic component directly related to the vehicle in the Internet of Vehicles. The 5G communication module and sensor group it is equipped with play a vital role.

[0014] 5G communication module: responsible for wireless communication with the outside world, realizing data transmission between vehicles and roadside units and 5G base stations, and providing key basis for adjusting communication strategies. According to the instructions of the control center or its own judgment of the network environment, the data transmission rate is dynamically adjusted to ensure the transmission effect of data with different priorities.

[0015] Sensor group: used to collect various types of information about the vehicle itself and provide basic data support for communication between the vehicle and roadside units, route planning, and traffic management.

[0016] Information processing terminal: Comprehensively analyze and process the data collected by the vehicle terminal and the data received from other devices.

[0017] Roadside units: They are important bridges connecting vehicles and 5G base stations in the Internet of Vehicles. They are distributed along the roads and can communicate with vehicle terminals within a certain range, collect data uploaded by vehicles, summarize and preliminarily process the collected vehicle data, and then forward it to the 5G base station connected to it, so as to realize the transmission of vehicle data to the core part of the network. At the same time, they receive traffic information, control instructions, etc. issued by the 5G base station and pass them to nearby vehicle terminals, so that vehicles can obtain external information in a timely manner and make corresponding adjustments.

[0018] 5G base station: Receives vehicle data uploaded by roadside units and transmits the data to the core network for further processing and distribution through connection with the core network. Performs signal management for vehicle terminals and roadside units within the coverage area.

[0019] Core network: It is the core hub of IoV communication and is responsible for the centralized processing, storage and distribution of data. It receives a large amount of vehicle data uploaded by 5G base stations, conducts in-depth analysis and processing of the data, and extracts valuable information.

[0020] Control center: It is the brain of the Internet of Vehicles communication transmission control and is responsible for monitoring, managing and optimizing the entire system.

[0021] As attached Figure 1 A communication transmission control method for a 5G-based vehicle network is shown, and the specific steps are as follows: S1. Information collection step: When the vehicle is driving, the vehicle's own information is collected in real time using the on-board sensor group, and the vehicle terminal monitors environmental information through the 5G communication module.

[0022] In this embodiment, it is specifically necessary to explain that: the vehicle's own information includes acceleration a, and the environmental information includes network signal strength S, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio SINR, and available bandwidth B; wherein, the acceleration is collected by an acceleration sensor; the network signal strength S, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio SINR, and available bandwidth B are obtained by the 5G communication module by obtaining relevant signaling from the 5G network and parsing.

[0023] S2. Priority confirmation step: The information processing terminal determines the priority of data transmission based on the collected information and application requirements.

[0024] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that: the specific method of determining the priority of data transmission is: subdividing the Internet of Vehicles data into security data P s , Traffic Data t And entertainment data e , and P s =3>P t =2>P e =1, where safety data includes vehicle emergency brake signal, front vehicle collision warning and road obstacle detection information. When the vehicle brakes, the acceleration a is less than the emergency brake acceleration threshold of −5 m / s, which triggers the vehicle emergency brake signal. When the relative speed between the vehicle and the front vehicle V r and relative distance D r satisfy And V r>0, the forward vehicle collision warning is triggered; road obstacle detection information is uploaded by the on-board sensor; traffic data includes real-time traffic congestion information and traffic light status, which are obtained and transmitted by the roadside unit; entertainment data includes online music and video playback.

[0025] S3, dynamic communication strategy adjustment step: based on the collected data, for different priority data, the communication strategy is dynamically adjusted through the information processing terminal, including the transmission rate and retransmission mechanism.

[0026] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that: the transmission rate is adjusted by comprehensively considering the network signal strength S, signal interference and noise ratio SINR and available bandwidth B. When S>=140dBm and SINR>=0dB, the theoretical transmission rate is first calculated. , and the absolute value of acceleration |a|>2m / s², signal strength S<=-105dBm, then adjust the transmission rate; adjust the data transmission rate of security ; Adjust traffic data transmission rate , adjust the data transmission rate for entertainment The retransmission mechanism is adjusted as follows: set the timeout time T for data transmission waiting for confirmation def =0.5s, if T def If no confirmation message is received within 10 seconds, the transmission is considered to have failed and needs to be retransmitted; (1) When the absolute value of acceleration |a|<=2m / s², safety data is retransmitted immediately, and the maximum number of retransmissions is 3 times; for traffic data, the first retransmission time interval is T r1 =T def， ×1.5, if it fails again, the retransmission time interval is T r2 =T r1 ×2 and the maximum number of retransmissions is 2; for entertainment data, the first retransmission time interval is T e1 =T def ×2, if it fails again, the retransmission time interval is T e2 =T e1 ×2 and the maximum number of retransmissions is 2 times; (2) When the absolute value of acceleration |a|>2m / s², the security data is immediately retransmitted and the upper limit is 3 times. If the acceleration continues to be large and the network signal strength S<-105dBm, the redundancy ratio of the retransmitted data is increased. ; For traffic data, the first retransmission interval If it fails again, the retransmission time interval is T r2 =T r1 ×2 and the maximum number of retransmissions is 2; for entertainment data, the first retransmission interval If it fails again, the retransmission time interval is T e2 =T e1×2 and the maximum number of retransmissions is 2. S4, resource allocation step: the vehicle terminal exchanges data with the roadside unit according to the adjusted strategy, and the roadside unit collects surrounding vehicle data and forwards it to the 5G base station, which then transmits the data to the core network for resource allocation. In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that: the specific method of resource allocation is: the information processing terminal first calculates the network load , where B i is the bandwidth occupied by vehicles currently using network resources, B total is the total bandwidth of the 5G base station, and the 5G base station dynamically allocates resources according to the network load; when L>0.7, priority is given to bandwidth for security data and bandwidth allocation for entertainment data is reduced. The bandwidth adjustment ratio is: security data increases , entertainment category decreased ; When L>0.8, the traffic data bandwidth is also appropriately reduced, and the reduction ratio is , the reduced bandwidth is allocated to safety data first. S5, communication effect evaluation step: the control center collects data information fed back by vehicle terminals, roadside units and 5G base stations, and evaluates the communication effect through the information processing terminal.

[0027] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that: the evaluation of communication effect includes the data transmission success rate , average transmission delay And packet loss rate , where P i Indicates the priority of the i-th type of data, N i-s Indicates the amount of data successfully transmitted for the i-th type of data, N i-t represents the total transmission volume of the i-th category data, m represents the number of categories and is 3; T j represents the delay time of the jth data transmission, a j represents the acceleration of the vehicle at the jth transmission, S j Indicates the network signal strength at the jth transmission, SINR j represents the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio at the jth transmission, S0 and SINR0 represent the signal strength threshold and signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio threshold, respectively, and n represents the total number of data transmissions; P k Indicates the priority of the k-th type of data, N k-l Indicates the amount of data lost in the kth category, N k-t represents the total transmission volume of the kth category data, and m represents the number of categories and is 3.

[0028] S6, feedback optimization step: The control center establishes corresponding data thresholds and performs optimization operations based on the evaluation results.

[0029] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that: the specific method of the optimization operation is: (1) When the data transmission success rate is lower than the threshold, the control center adjusts the retransmission mechanism according to the packet loss of different data types. When the packet loss rate of security data is high, the retransmission interval is shortened and the data redundancy of each retransmission is increased. The redundancy increase ratio is ,If the packet loss rate of traffic data is high, while adjusting the retransmission interval, its data scheduling priority is optimized to make it more advantageous in the allocation of network resources; (2) When the average transmission delay is higher than the threshold, the data transmission path is optimized according to the vehicle acceleration and network conditions. For vehicles with large acceleration and weak network signals, they are given priority to communicate with nearby roadside units with stronger signals, thereby reducing the number of transmission hops and delay. (3) If the packet loss rate is higher than the threshold, the 5G base station dynamically adjusts the bandwidth allocation according to the network load. When the network load L is less than 0.8, the bandwidth for entertainment data is appropriately reduced, and the bandwidth for security data and traffic data is increased. The adjustment ratio is: the bandwidth for entertainment data is reduced. The increased bandwidth is allocated to security data and traffic data in a ratio of 3:2. When the network load L is greater than or equal to 0.8, in addition to reducing the entertainment data bandwidth, the transmission of newly connected entertainment data is restricted to give priority to the transmission of security and traffic data.

[0030] Secondly: In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other; Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A communication transmission control method for a 5G-based Internet of Vehicles, characterized in that: It includes vehicle terminals, information processing terminals, roadside units, 5G base stations, core networks and control centers. The vehicle terminals are equipped with 5G communication modules and sensor groups. Roadside units are distributed along the roads and connected to 5G base stations. Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1. Information collection step: When the vehicle is driving, the vehicle's own information is collected in real time using the on-board sensor group, and the vehicle terminal monitors the environmental information through the 5G communication module; S2, priority confirmation step: the information processing terminal determines the priority of data transmission according to the collected information and application requirements; S3, dynamic communication strategy adjustment step: according to the collected data, for different priority data, dynamically adjust the communication strategy through the information processing terminal, including transmission rate and retransmission mechanism; S4, resource allocation step: the vehicle terminal exchanges data with the roadside unit according to the adjusted strategy, and the roadside unit collects surrounding vehicle data and forwards it to the 5G base station, which then transmits the data to the core network for resource allocation; S5, communication effect evaluation step: the control center collects data information fed back by vehicle terminals, roadside units and 5G base stations, and evaluates the communication effect through the information processing terminal; S6, feedback optimization step: The control center establishes corresponding data thresholds and performs optimization operations based on the evaluation results.

2. According to claim 1, a communication transmission control method for 5G-based Internet of Vehicles is characterized in that: The vehicle's own information includes acceleration a, and the environmental information includes network signal strength S, signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio SINR, and available bandwidth B; wherein, the acceleration is collected by an acceleration sensor; the network signal strength S, signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio SINR, and available bandwidth B are obtained by the 5G communication module by obtaining relevant signaling from the 5G network and parsing.

3. According to a 5G-based vehicle networking communication transmission control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The specific method of determining the priority of data transmission is: subdividing the Internet of Vehicles data into security data P s , Traffic Data t And entertainment data e , and P s =3>P t =2>P e =1, where safety data includes vehicle emergency brake signal, front vehicle collision warning and road obstacle detection information. When the vehicle brakes, the acceleration a is less than the emergency brake acceleration threshold of −5 m / s, which triggers the vehicle emergency brake signal. When the relative speed between the vehicle and the front vehicle V r and relative distance D r satisfy And V r >0 triggers the forward vehicle collision warning; road obstacle detection information is uploaded by the vehicle-mounted sensor; traffic data includes real-time traffic congestion information and traffic light status, all of which are obtained by roadside units; entertainment data includes online music and video playback.

4. The communication transmission control method of the 5G-based Internet of Vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission rate is adjusted as follows: considering the network signal strength S, signal to interference and noise ratio SINR and available bandwidth B, when S>=140dBm, SINR>=0dB, first calculate the theoretical transmission rate , and the absolute value of acceleration |a|>2m / s², signal strength S<=-105dBm, then adjust the transmission rate; Adjust the data transfer rate for secure classes ; Adjust traffic data rate , adjust the data transmission rate for entertainment .

5. The communication transmission control method of the 5G-based Internet of Vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The adjustment of the retransmission mechanism is: setting the timeout time T for data transmission waiting for confirmation def =0.5s, if T def If no confirmation message is received within 1 second, the transmission is considered to have failed and needs to be retransmitted; (1) When the absolute value of acceleration |a|<=2m / s², safety data is retransmitted immediately, and the maximum number of retransmissions is 3 times; for traffic data, the first retransmission time interval is T r1 =T def， ×1.5, if it fails again, the retransmission time interval is T r2 =T r1 ×2 and the maximum number of retransmissions is 2; For entertainment data, the first retransmission time interval is T e1 =T def ×2, if it fails again, the retransmission time interval is T e2 =T e1 ×2 and the maximum number of retransmissions is 2; (2) When the absolute value of acceleration |a|>2m / s², the security data is immediately retransmitted with an upper limit of 3 times. If the acceleration continues to be large and the network signal strength S<-105dBm, the redundancy ratio of the retransmitted data is increased. ; For traffic data, the first retransmission interval If it fails again, the retransmission time interval is T r2 =T r1 ×2 and the maximum number of retransmissions is 2; For the first retransmission interval of entertainment data If it fails again, the retransmission time interval is T e2 =T e1 ×2 and the maximum number of retransmissions is 2 times.

6. The communication transmission control method of the 5G-based Internet of Vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method of resource allocation is as follows: the information processing terminal first calculates the network load , where B i is the bandwidth occupied by vehicles currently using network resources, B total is the total bandwidth of the 5G base station, and the 5G base station dynamically allocates resources according to the network load; when L>0.7, priority is given to bandwidth for security data and bandwidth allocation for entertainment data is reduced. The bandwidth adjustment ratio is: security data increases , entertainment category decreased ; When L>0.8, the traffic data bandwidth is also appropriately reduced, and the reduction ratio is The reduced bandwidth is allocated first to security data.

7. The communication transmission control method of the 5G-based Internet of Vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication effect of the evaluation includes the data transmission success rate , average transmission delay And packet loss rate , where P i Indicates the priority of the i-th type of data, N i-s Indicates the amount of data successfully transmitted for the i-th type of data, N i-t represents the total transmission volume of the i-th category data, m represents the number of categories and is 3; T j represents the delay time of the jth data transmission, a j represents the acceleration of the vehicle at the jth transmission, S j Indicates the network signal strength at the jth transmission, SINR j represents the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio at the jth transmission, S0 and SINR0 represent the signal strength threshold and signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio threshold, respectively, and n represents the total number of data transmissions; P k Indicates the priority of the k-th type of data, N k-l Indicates the amount of data lost in the kth category, N k-t represents the total transmission volume of the kth category data, and m represents the number of categories and is 3.

8. The communication transmission control method of the 5G-based Internet of Vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method of the optimization operation is as follows: (1) When the data transmission success rate is lower than the threshold, the control center adjusts the retransmission mechanism according to the packet loss of different data types. When the packet loss rate of security data is high, the retransmission interval is shortened and the data redundancy of each retransmission is increased. The redundancy increase ratio is ,If the packet loss rate of traffic data is high, while adjusting the retransmission interval, its data scheduling priority is optimized to make it more advantageous in the allocation of network resources; (2) When the average transmission delay is higher than the threshold, the data transmission path is optimized according to the vehicle acceleration and network conditions. For vehicles with large acceleration and weak network signals, they are given priority to communicate with nearby roadside units with stronger signals, thereby reducing the number of transmission hops and delay. (3) If the packet loss rate is higher than the threshold, the 5G base station dynamically adjusts the bandwidth allocation according to the network load. When the network load L is less than 0.8, the bandwidth for entertainment data is appropriately reduced, and the bandwidth for security data and traffic data is increased. The adjustment ratio is: the bandwidth for entertainment data is reduced. The increased bandwidth is allocated to security data and traffic data in a ratio of 3:

2. When the network load L is greater than or equal to 0.8, in addition to reducing the entertainment data bandwidth, the transmission of newly connected entertainment data is restricted to give priority to the transmission of security and traffic data.

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