Vacuum system tail gas treatment device and method in biodiesel production

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of biodiesel tail gas treatment, and discloses a tail gas treatment device and method for a vacuum system in biodiesel production, and the technical scheme is characterized in that the biodiesel tail gas treatment device comprises a tail gas treatment tower; the separation pipeline is arranged in the tail gas treatment tower, a plurality of baffles a are arranged in the separation pipeline, and the baffles a are provided with screen plates used for bearing solid adsorbents; according to the invention, only the saturated adsorbent in the lowermost cavity is replaced, and the adsorbent in the upper cavity is continuously used, so that resource waste caused by one-time overall replacement of the adsorbent is avoided, the adsorbent is fully utilized, and unnecessary replacement cost is reduced; and the condition that the purification capacity is suddenly reduced due to saturation of an overall adsorbent in a traditional system is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biodiesel tail gas treatment, and in particular to a device and method for treating tail gas in a vacuum system in biodiesel production. Background Art

[0002] Biodiesel, as a renewable fuel, is mainly produced through transesterification, a process that usually involves the reaction of vegetable oil or animal fat with alcohol (such as methanol, ethanol) in the presence of a catalyst to produce fatty acid methyl esters (i.e. biodiesel) and by-product glycerol. In order to improve the purity and product quality of biodiesel, a vacuum system is usually required during the production process for dealcoholization, dehydration and refining. However, during operation, the vacuum system will emit tail gas containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), incompletely reacted alcohols, water vapor and other gaseous by-products. If not effectively treated, it may cause waste of resources and environmental pollution.

[0003] At present, the common method for treating the tail gas of the vacuum system in the biodiesel production process includes using solid adsorbents (such as activated carbon, molecular sieves, etc.) to adsorb the residual alcohols and VOCs in the tail gas. The traditional fixed bed adsorption system usually adopts the method of filling the whole adsorbent. As the use time increases, the adsorbent gradually becomes saturated, resulting in a decrease in adsorption efficiency.

[0004] In the prior art, in order to extend the service life of the adsorbent and improve the adsorption efficiency, the adsorbent is usually stirred to make the new and old adsorbents evenly distributed. However, since the saturated adsorbent is not separated in time, the overall adsorption efficiency will still be affected. In addition, the adsorbent particles may be pulverized or damaged during the stirring process, thereby affecting the adsorption effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for treating tail gas in a vacuum system in biodiesel production, aiming to alleviate the above problems at least to a certain extent.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A biodiesel tail gas treatment device, comprising: Tail gas treatment tower; A separation pipeline arranged in the tail gas treatment tower, wherein a plurality of baffles a are arranged in the separation pipeline, and a mesh plate for carrying a solid adsorbent is arranged on the baffle a; A plurality of baffles b are arranged in the separation pipe, wherein the baffles a and the baffles b divide the separation pipe into a plurality of cavities, and the mesh plate is arranged to connect the plurality of cavities to form a curved channel; A release plate is arranged at the bottom of the separation pipeline, and an air inlet pipe is arranged in the tail gas treatment tower at the bottom of the release plate, which is connected with the separation pipeline through the release plate; An adsorbent box provided in the tail gas treatment tower, used for storing solid adsorbent, is located at the top of the separation pipeline, an air outlet pipe is provided in the adsorbent box, and a material drop opening is formed between the adsorbent box and the air outlet pipe; A replacement component provided on the separation pipe, used to move the positions of the release plate and the baffle a, wherein the release plate moves to release the solid adsorbent in the lowermost cavity; The blanking component arranged in the adsorbent box is used for opening and closing the blanking port.

[0007] Preferably, the replacement component includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the exhaust gas treatment tower, the exhaust gas treatment tower is provided with a motor, the rotating shaft is connected to the driving shaft of the motor, a screw a is provided on the rotating shaft, the release plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the separation pipe and is threadedly connected to the screw a, and the screw a is a reciprocating screw.

[0008] Preferably, the cross section of the baffle b is triangular, and the thickness of the end close to the baffle a gradually decreases.

[0009] Preferably, the replacement component can drive the release plate to move the position of the baffle a when returning to the initial position after completing a reciprocating motion along a predetermined path, so as to allow the solid adsorbent to flow in the channel; The replacement component also includes a screw b rotatably connected to the exhaust gas treatment tower, the screw b is a reciprocating screw, the baffle a is slidably connected to the separation pipe and is threadedly connected to the screw b, a chain is provided between every two adjacent screws b, and a connecting shaft a is rotatably connected inside the exhaust gas treatment tower, the connecting shaft a and the rotating shaft are respectively provided with mutually meshing bevel gears a, the top of the connecting shaft a is slidably connected to the connecting shaft b, and the top of the connecting shaft b and an adjacent one of the screws b are respectively provided with mutually matching bevel gears b.

[0010] Preferably, the replacement component also includes a groove opened on the rotating shaft, a screw c is provided in the groove, a damping rod is slidably connected in the groove, a spring a is connected between the damping rod and the groove, one end of the damping rod is semi-spherical, and the inner wall of the screw c is provided with a damping groove adapted to the semi-spherical end of the damping rod, a sliding frame slidably connected to the separation pipe is threadedly connected to the screw c, a connecting frame is rotatably connected to one side of the sliding frame, the connecting frame is slidably connected to the screw a, a limiting rod is slidably connected in the connecting frame, a spring b is connected between the limiting rod and the connecting frame, a limiting groove is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the side of the limiting groove away from the screw a is sloped.

[0011] Preferably, the side wall of the separation pipe is slidably connected to a lifting rod, the connecting shaft b is rotatably connected to the lifting rod, a spring c is connected between the lifting rod and the separation pipe, the side wall of the separation pipe is connected to a guide rail, a connecting rod is slidably connected to the guide rail, the top of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting rod, and a convex strip is connected to one side of the release plate.

[0012] Preferably, when the release plate moves to open the bottom cavity, it can discharge part of the air in the air outlet pipe, so that the exhaust gas in the bottom cavity enters the cavity above it; When the release plate moves to open the cavity at the bottom layer, it can close the air inlet pipe; The cam is provided with a plurality of support members, each of which is provided with a plurality of support members, each of which is provided with a plurality of support members, each of which is provided with a plurality of support members, each of which is provided with a plurality of support members. One of the release plates is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes, one end of the air inlet pipe is connected with a shunt pipe, and the top of the shunt pipe is connected with a connecting pipe connected with the air inlet holes.

[0013] Preferably, the blanking component can open the blanking opening when the baffle a moves away from the baffle b, and close the blanking opening when the baffle a moves closer to the baffle b; The material-dropping component includes a material-controlling plate disposed in the material-dropping port, the material-controlling plate is connected to a folding rod, the bottom of the folding rod extends to one side of the separation pipe and is rotatably connected to a push rod, and the push rod is rotatably connected to an adjacent baffle a.

[0014] Preferably, the baffle b is slidably connected to the inner wall of the separation pipe, a spring f is connected between the baffle b and the separation pipe, and one end of the baffle a close to the baffle b is sloped.

[0015] A biodiesel tail gas treatment method is applicable to any of the above-mentioned biodiesel tail gas treatment devices, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Fill the solid adsorbent into the separation pipe in the tail gas treatment tower so that the adsorbent fills the entire channel to prepare for tail gas purification; Step 2: Introduce the exhaust gas into the lowest cavity of the separation pipe through the air inlet pipe, make the exhaust gas flow through the mesh plate, and the pollutants are adsorbed by the adsorbent during the flow process, and finally discharged from the exhaust pipe; Step 3: Infer whether the adsorbent in the lowermost cavity is saturated based on the exhaust gas purification time. If the predetermined time is reached, start replacing the new component and close the intake pipe when the release plate moves to stop the exhaust gas from entering; Step 4: The release plate moves along a predetermined path to open the lowermost cavity, releases the saturated adsorbent, and returns to the release plate after the release is completed; Step 5: baffle a moves away from baffle b, the material drop port is opened, and under the action of gravity, the adsorbent in the channel flows downward in sequence, and the new adsorbent fills the uppermost cavity; Step 6: Baffle a is reset to its original position, and the exhaust gas continues to flow through the cavity of the replaced adsorbent according to the normal process.

[0016] In summary, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial effects: The present application adopts a layered adsorption structure to allow the exhaust gas to flow along a curved channel in the separation pipe, thereby extending the contact time between the exhaust gas and the adsorbent. Compared with the traditional overall filling method, the utilization rate of the adsorbent is improved, and the pollutants can be more fully captured and removed. In addition, since the exhaust gas flows from bottom to top, the pollutant concentration is higher in the lower cavity and gradually decreases in the upper part. Therefore, the adsorbent in the lower cavity will be saturated first, while the adsorbent above still has a strong adsorption capacity. The present application only replaces the saturated adsorbent in the lower cavity, while the adsorbent in the upper cavity continues to be used, avoiding the waste of resources caused by a one-time overall replacement of the adsorbent, making full use of the adsorbent, and reducing unnecessary replacement costs. Since the adsorbent is gradually replaced according to the cavity order, the situation in which the purification capacity drops sharply due to the overall adsorbent saturation in the traditional system is avoided; During the adsorbent replacement process, through the synergistic effect of structures such as the release plate and baffle a, the orderly discharge of the saturated adsorbent is ensured. At the same time, the new adsorbent can be smoothly filled into the uppermost cavity, avoiding the waste of adsorbent during the replacement process, reducing manual intervention, and improving the maintenance efficiency. In addition, by the movement of the release plate in cooperation with the closing of the intake pipe, the flow direction of the tail gas can be effectively controlled, enabling the incompletely purified tail gas to enter the upper cavity for secondary adsorption, ensuring that the tail gas will not stagnate due to the closing of the intake pipe during the replacement process, thus avoiding the direct discharge of incompletely purified tail gas and the resulting pollution. Compared with the traditional stirring and mixing adsorption method, the solid adsorbent in this application maintains stable flow in the layered adsorption design, avoiding particle breakage or pulverization, and improving the purification effect. The tail gas purification process is optimized, and the utilization rate of the adsorbent is improved. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the tail gas treatment tower structure of the present invention; Figure 3 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the separation pipeline structure of the present invention; Figure 4 is Figure 3 the enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at a in Figure 5 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the rotating shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the connecting shaft a and connecting shaft b structures of the present invention; Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the lead screw c structure of the present invention; Figure 8 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the baffle a and baffle b structures of the present invention; Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the release plate structure of the present invention; Fig.10 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the piston structure of the present invention; Fig.11 is the schematic diagram of the traction shaft structure of the present invention.

[0018] Reference Signs: 100, tail gas treatment tower; 101, separation pipeline; 102, baffle a; 103, mesh plate; 104, baffle b; 105, cavity; 106, channel; 107, release plate; 108, intake pipe; 109, adsorbent box; 110, blanking port; 111, outlet pipe. 200, rotating shaft; 201, motor; 202, lead screw a; 203, lead screw b; 204, chain; 205, connecting shaft a; 206, bevel gear a; 207, connecting shaft b; 208, bevel gear b; 300, groove; 301, lead screw c; 302, damping rod; 303, spring a; 304, damping groove; 305, sliding frame; 306, connecting frame; 307, limiting rod; 308, spring b; 309, limiting groove; 310, lifting rod; 311, spring c; 312, guide rail; 313, connecting rod; 314, convex strip; 400, bracket; 401, piston; 402, connecting groove; 403, connecting port; 404, closed diaphragm; 405, lead screw d; 406, traction shaft; 407, spring d; 408, connecting rod; 409, traction rope; 410, inclined opening; 411, air inlet plate; 412, spring e; 413, air inlet hole; 414, shunt pipe; 415, connecting pipe; 500, material control plate; 501, folding rod; 502, ejector rod; 503, spring f. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] refer to Figure 1-Figure 11 , a biodiesel tail gas treatment device, comprising: Tail gas treatment tower 100; A separation pipe 101 is provided in the tail gas treatment tower 100, and a plurality of baffles a102 are provided in the separation pipe 101, and a mesh plate 103 for carrying a solid adsorbent is provided on the baffle a102; A plurality of baffles b104 are arranged in the separation pipe 101. The baffles a102 and b104 divide the separation pipe 101 into a plurality of cavities 105. The mesh plate 103 is arranged to connect the plurality of cavities 105 to form a curved channel 106. A release plate 107 is provided at the bottom of the separation pipe 101. An air inlet pipe 108 is provided in the tail gas treatment tower 100 at the bottom of the release plate 107 and is connected to the separation pipe 101 through the release plate 107; The adsorbent box 109 provided in the tail gas treatment tower 100 is used to store solid adsorbent and is located at the top of the separation pipeline 101. An air outlet pipe 111 is provided in the adsorbent box 109, and a material drop opening 110 is formed between the adsorbent box 109 and the air outlet pipe 111; The replacement component provided on the separation pipe 101 is used to move the positions of the release plate 107 and the baffle a102. The release plate 107 moves to release the solid adsorbent in the lowest cavity 105. The replacement component can drive the release plate 107 to move the baffle a102 when returning to the initial position after completing a reciprocating motion along a predetermined path, so that the solid adsorbent flows in the channel 106. The blanking component provided in the adsorbent box 109 is used to open and close the blanking port 110. The blanking component can open the blanking port 110 when the baffle a102 moves away from the baffle b104, and close the blanking port 110 when it moves close to the baffle b104; The release plate 107 can close the air inlet pipe 108 when it moves to open the lowermost cavity 105; When the release plate 107 is moving to open the lowermost cavity 105, it can discharge part of the air in the air outlet pipe 111, so that the exhaust gas in the lowermost cavity 105 enters the cavity 105 above it; By setting up the tail gas treatment tower 100, when in use, the operator can fill the solid adsorbent (such as activated carbon, molecular sieve, etc.) used to treat the tail gas into the separation pipe 101 therein, so that the solid adsorbent fills the entire channel 106. The tail gas can enter the lowest cavity 105 in the separation pipe 101 through the air inlet pipe 108, flow in the channel 106 through the mesh plate 103, and finally be discharged from the outlet pipe 111. In this process, pollutants such as alcohols that have not been completely reacted will be adsorbed by the solid adsorbent, thereby achieving the purification of the tail gas. As time goes by, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent in each cavity 105 gradually weakens, especially the adsorbent in the lowest cavity 105 will reach saturation first, resulting in reduced adsorption efficiency. To ensure the exhaust gas treatment effect, the operator can infer whether the adsorbent in the bottom cavity 105 is saturated according to the time of continuous exhaust gas purification. If the exhaust gas purification reaches the predetermined time, the operator can start the replacement part to allow the release plate 107 to move along the predetermined path. When the release plate 107 moves, the air intake pipe 108 can be closed to suspend air intake. When the release plate 107 returns to the initial position after completing a reciprocating motion along the predetermined path, the position of the baffle a102 is moved. In this process, when the release plate 107 moves to the predetermined position, the bottom of the separation pipe 101 can be opened, and the position of the baffle a102 remains unchanged. After the bottom cavity 105 is opened, the saturated adsorbent in it can be released. When the baffle a102 moves away from the baffle b104, the material outlet 110 can be opened. During this process, the adsorbent in the channel 106 will flow downward due to gravity, and the adsorbent can be filled into the lower cavity 105 in sequence. When the material outlet 110 is opened, new adsorbent can be filled into the uppermost cavity 105 to supplement the saturated adsorbent that has been discharged. In addition, when the release plate 107 is moving to open the lowermost cavity 105, it can discharge part of the air in the air outlet pipe 111, so that the tail gas in the lowermost cavity 105 enters the cavity 105 above it, so that the tail gas in the lowermost cavity 105 that is not completely purified can reach the upper layer, and the clean air outside can enter the cavity 105, avoiding the exhaust gas in the lowermost cavity 105 that is not completely purified when the tail gas is in a non-flowing state after the air inlet pipe 108 is closed, and the exhaust gas in the lowermost cavity 105 is discharged with the release of the adsorbent, thereby avoiding the leakage of pollutants and causing pollution. After the above work is completed and the new adsorbent is filled into the uppermost cavity 105, the baffle a102 is reset to its original position and the normal working state is restored. The exhaust gas flows through the cavity 105 where the adsorbent has been replaced and continues to be purified. As the exhaust gas continues to flow through each cavity 105, the pollutants are gradually adsorbed, and the purified exhaust gas is finally discharged from the outlet pipe 111 to ensure that the emissions meet environmental standards. The present application adopts a layered adsorption design to form a curved channel 106, which increases the contact time of the gas on the adsorbent surface. Compared with the traditional overall filling method, the utilization rate of the adsorbent is improved, so that the pollutants can be more fully captured and removed.Since the exhaust gas flows from bottom to top, the pollutant concentration is higher in the lower cavity 105 and gradually decreases at the top. Therefore, the adsorbent in the lower cavity 105 will be saturated first, while the adsorbent above still has a strong adsorption capacity. The present application only replaces the saturated adsorbent in the lowermost cavity 105, while the adsorbent in the upper cavity 105 continues to be used, avoiding the waste of resources caused by a one-time overall replacement of the adsorbent, making full use of the adsorbent, and reducing unnecessary replacement costs. Since the adsorbent is gradually replaced in the order of the cavity 105, the situation in which the purification capacity drops sharply due to the overall adsorbent saturation in the traditional system is avoided, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the exhaust gas treatment system. Compared with the exhaust gas treatment device in the prior art, the traditional method of stirring and mixing the adsorbent may cause the adsorbent particles to be damaged or pulverized. The present application allows a higher utilization rate of the solid adsorbent and improves the purification effect.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention, the replacement component includes a rotating shaft 200 rotatably connected to the tail gas treatment tower 100, the tail gas treatment tower 100 is provided with a motor 201, the rotating shaft 200 is connected to the driving shaft of the motor 201, the rotating shaft 200 is provided with a screw a202, the release plate 107 is slidably connected to the bottom of the separation pipe 101 and is threadedly connected to the screw a202, and the screw a202 is a reciprocating screw; By setting the motor 201, when in use, the motor 201 can be used to rotate the lead screw a202, and when the lead screw a202 rotates, the release plate 107 can move in the thread direction, so as to achieve the purpose of moving the release plate 107 to open the bottom of the separation pipe 101 and release the adsorbent in the bottom cavity 105. After the motor 201 drives the lead screw a202 to rotate a preset number of circles, the characteristics of the reciprocating lead screw can be used to allow the release plate 107 to return to the initial position after completing a reciprocating motion, and re-seal the bottom of the separation pipe 101.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention, the cross section of the baffle b104 is triangular, and the thickness of the end close to the baffle a102 gradually decreases; By setting the cross section of the baffle b104 to be triangular and gradually reducing the thickness of the end close to the baffle a102, the triangular shape can make it easier for the adsorbent to pass smoothly during the flow process, thereby promoting the flow of the adsorbent.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention, the replacement component also includes a screw b203 rotatably connected to the tail gas treatment tower 100, the screw b203 is a reciprocating screw, the baffle a102 is slidably connected to the separation pipe 101, and is threadedly connected to the screw b203, a chain 204 is provided between every two upper and lower adjacent screws b203, a connecting shaft a205 is rotatably connected in the tail gas treatment tower 100, and the connecting shaft a205 and the rotating shaft 200 are respectively provided with mutually meshing bevel gears a206, the top of the connecting shaft a205 is slidably connected with a connecting shaft b207, and the top of the connecting shaft b207 and an adjacent screw b203 are respectively provided with mutually adapted bevel gears b208; By setting the lead screw b203, after the rotating shaft 200 rotates to allow the release plate 107 to complete the reciprocating motion and return to the initial position, the position of the connecting shaft b207 can be moved, so that the connecting shaft b207 and the bevel gear b208 on the lead screw b203 are meshed with each other. At this time, the motor 201 can be used to drive the rotating shaft 200 to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the lead screw a202 does not rotate. The reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 200 can rotate the connecting shaft a205 through the bevel gear a206. By utilizing the sliding cooperation between the connecting shaft a205 and the connecting shaft b207, the connecting shaft b207 and a bevel gear b208 on the connecting shaft b207 can follow the rotation. At this time, the meshing state of the two bevel gears b208 can be used to drive the lead screw b203 to rotate, thereby allowing the baffle a102 to move, and the adsorbent in the corresponding cavity 105 is released to fill the lowest cavity 105, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively controlling the release and filling process of the adsorbent.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention, the replacement component also includes a groove 300 opened on the rotating shaft 200, a lead screw c301 is arranged in the groove 300, a damping rod 302 is slidably connected in the groove 300, a spring a303 is connected between the damping rod 302 and the groove 300, one end of the damping rod 302 is semi-spherical, and the inner wall of the lead screw c301 is provided with a damping groove 304 adapted to the semi-spherical end of the damping rod 302, a sliding frame 305 slidably connected to the separation pipe 101 is threadedly connected on the lead screw c301, a connecting frame 306 is rotatably connected to one side of the sliding frame 305, the connecting frame 306 is slidably connected to the lead screw a202, a limiting rod 307 is slidably connected in the connecting frame 306, a spring b308 is connected between the limiting rod 307 and the connecting frame 306, and a limiting groove 309 is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 200, and the side of the limiting groove 309 away from the lead screw a202 is sloped; By setting the damping rod 302, the damping rod 302 can cooperate with the damping groove 304 through the spring a303, and the potential energy of the spring a303 is used to form a certain friction force between the damping rod 302 and the damping groove 304. When the shaft 200 rotates in the positive direction and needs to drive the lead screw a202 to rotate to move the position of the release plate 107, the shaft 200 rotates first to rotate the lead screw c301 through the friction between the damping rod 302 and the damping groove 304, so that the sliding frame 305 moves along the path of the lead screw c301. When the sliding frame 305 moves, it can push the connecting frame 306 to move along the shaft 200. When the connecting frame 306 moves to the position of the limiting groove 309, the limiting rod 307 will be inserted into the limiting groove 309 by the potential energy of the spring b308 and cooperate with the limiting groove 309. At this time, the rightward (by Figure 5 The movement of the connecting frame 306 will be restricted. When the rotating shaft 200 continues to rotate forward, the movement resistance of the connecting frame 306 will be greater than the potential energy of the spring a303, which can overcome the spring a303 to disengage the damping rod 302 from the damping groove 304, and release the follow-up movement of the lead screw c301 and the rotating shaft 200. At the same time, due to the cooperation between the limiting rod 307 and the limiting groove 309, when the rotating shaft 200 rotates, the limiting groove 309 and the limiting rod 307 can be used to allow the connecting frame 306 to rotate with the lead screw a202, thereby achieving the purpose of moving the release plate 107. When the rotating shaft 200 rotates a preset number of times so that the release plate 107 completes a reciprocating movement along a predetermined path and returns to the original position, the adsorbent in the bottom cavity 105 is released, and the forward rotation of the rotating shaft 200 can be stopped at this time, and the rotating shaft 200 can be driven by the motor 201 to rotate in the reverse direction. During this process, the damping rod 302 and the damping groove 304 can be matched again through the force of the spring a303, and the friction resistance between the damping rod 302 and the damping groove 304 can make the lead screw c301 rotate with the rotating shaft 200, so that the sliding frame 305 can move to the left. The elastic potential energy of the spring a303 is greater than that of the spring b308. When the sliding frame 305 moves to the left, the connecting frame 306 can follow the movement, so that the limiting rod 307 slides along the slope surface of the limiting groove 309 until the limiting rod 307 is separated from the limiting groove 309. At this time, the reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 200 can release the follow-up of the lead screw a202, so that after the mobile release plate 107 releases the adsorbent in the bottom cavity 105 to close the bottom of the separation pipe 101 again, the baffle a102 is driven to move to allow the adsorbent in the channel 106 to flow and fill the bottom cavity 105, so as to complete the purpose of adsorbent renewal and replacement. In specific applications, through the cooperation of the damping rod 302, the limit mechanism and the screw structure, it is only necessary to control the number of positive and reverse rotations of the motor 201 to drive the rotating shaft 200 to realize the automatic control of the movement of the release plate 107 and the baffle a102, so that the exhaust gas treatment system can be replaced in an orderly and efficient manner after the adsorbent is saturated, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the system and improving the reliability and purification efficiency of the exhaust gas treatment.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention, a lifting rod 310 is slidably connected to the side wall of the separation pipe 101, the connecting shaft b207 is rotatably connected to the lifting rod 310, a spring c311 is connected between the lifting rod 310 and the separation pipe 101, a guide rail 312 is connected to the side wall of the separation pipe 101, a connecting rod 313 is slidably connected to the guide rail 312, the top of the connecting rod 313 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting rod 310, and a convex strip 314 is connected to one side of the release plate 107; By setting the spring c311, the initial state of the spring c311 is the stretched state, and the convex strip 314 set on one side of the release plate 107 touches the bottom of the connecting rod 313, so as to limit the bottom position of the connecting rod 313. When the rotating shaft 200 rotates forward and the lead screw a202 moves to make the release plate 107 move to open the bottom cavity 105, the release plate 107 can drive the convex strip 314 to move, and the lifting rod 310 gradually moves downward due to the potential energy of the spring c311, and the bottom of the connecting rod 313 slides along the guide rail 312, and the inclination amplitude of the connecting rod 313 gradually increases. When the lifting rod 310 moves downward, the connecting shaft can move downward, so that the bevel gear b208 on it can be disengaged from the bevel gear b208 on the lead screw b203. That is, when the positive rotation of the rotating shaft 200 drives the release plate 107 to move and open a cavity 105 at the bottom, the position of the baffle a102 remains unchanged, so as to prevent the adsorbent in other cavities 105 from being discharged and causing unnecessary waste when the bottom of the separation pipe 101 is opened. When the rotating shaft 200 rotates forward and returns the release plate 107 to its original position through the reciprocating screw characteristic of the screw a202, the convex strip 314 can press the bottom of the connecting rod 313, so that the bottom of the connecting rod 313 slides along the guide rail 312, and then the lifting rod 310 can move upward. When the release plate 107 is completely returned to close the bottom of the separation pipe 101 again, the lifting rod 310 moves upward to a predetermined position, and the connecting shaft b207 and the bevel gear b208 thereon can be lifted to a predetermined height, so that the bevel gear on the connecting shaft b207 can mesh with the bevel gear on the screw b203. Subsequently, during the reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 200, the bevel gear b208 can effectively drive the screw b203 to rotate, thereby driving the baffle a102 to move, so that the adsorbent is smoothly filled into the bottom cavity 105, thereby realizing automatic replacement of the adsorbent.

[0026] As a further solution of the present invention, two brackets 400 are connected in the air outlet pipe 111, a piston 401 slidably connected to the air outlet pipe 111 is arranged between the two brackets 400, a connecting groove 402 is provided on the top of the piston 401, a connecting port 403 communicating with the connecting groove 402 is provided on the bottom of the piston 401, two closed diaphragms 404 are connected in the connecting groove 402, the closed diaphragms 404 are bendable plastic sheets, parts of the two closed diaphragms 404 are in a stacked state, and a lead screw d405 threadedly connected to the piston 401 is rotatably connected on the bracket 400, and the lead screw d405 threadedly connected to the piston 401 is rotatably connected to the piston 401. A traction shaft 406 is connected to the lever d405, a spring d407 is connected between the traction shaft 406 and the bracket 400, a connecting rod 408 is connected to the top of the lifting rod 310, the connecting rod 408 extends into the adsorbent box 109 and is connected to a traction rope 409, one end of the traction rope 409 passes through the adsorbent box 109 and is wound around the traction shaft 406 through the air outlet pipe 111, an inclined opening 410 is provided on the top of the release plate 107, an air intake plate 411 is slidably connected to the interior of the separation pipe 101, and a spring e412 is connected between the air intake plate 411 and the separation pipe 101; A plurality of air inlet holes 413 are formed on one of the release plates 107, one end of the air inlet pipe 108 is connected to a shunt pipe 414, and the top of the shunt pipe 414 is connected to a connecting pipe 415 communicating with the air inlet holes 413; By setting the spring e412, the spring e412 is initially compressed and has potential energy. When the release plate 107 moves to open the bottom of the separation pipe 101, the spring e412 releases the potential energy to allow the air intake plate 411 to be close to the inclined opening 410 on the release plate 107. As the release plate 107 moves, the air intake plate 411 is gradually exposed. In addition, the boss moves with the release plate 107, allowing the spring c311 to release potential energy and gradually move the position of the lifting rod 310 downward. The lifting rod 310 moves downward and allows the connecting rod 408 to move downward. At this time, the traction rope 409 can be pulled to force the traction shaft 406 and the lead screw d405 to rotate, and the spring d407 is twisted to generate potential energy. During this process, the screw d405 rotates to move the position of the piston 401 upward through the force of the thread, and a part of the two closed diaphragms 404 set on the piston 401 is in a superimposed state, at this time, a valve with a closed connection port 403 can be formed. When the piston 401 moves upward, a negative pressure can be formed inside the separation pipe 101. The negative pressure can absorb external air through the air intake plate 411 into the bottommost cavity 105 in the separation channel 106, allowing the unpurified exhaust gas in the bottom cavity 105 to gradually enter the upper cavity 105, thereby replacing the exhaust gas in the bottom cavity 105. The purpose of setting the spring e412 and the air intake plate 411 is to first release the air and then release the adsorbent. This is to avoid the problem of accidental discharge of incompletely purified exhaust gas when releasing the adsorbent. When the subsequent release plate 107 is returned to its original position and the lifting rod 310 is reset upward, the connecting rod 408 follows the return position. At this time, the spring d407 releases potential energy, allowing the screw d405 to rotate in the opposite direction, allowing the piston 401 to move downward and return to its original position. During this process, a positive pressure is formed in the separation pipe 101, and the closed paddle is a bendable plastic sheet. Under the action of negative positive pressure, when the gas is not flowing smoothly due to the presence of the adsorbent in each cavity 105, the closed diaphragm 404 is bent, and the connecting port 403 is opened, and the piston 401 can smoothly return to its original position downward. Even if some of the exhaust gas that is not completely purified flows due to the return of the piston 401, the gas will be guided to the bottom cavity 105 and replaced with the clean air entering, and will not cause direct emission of the exhaust gas. In addition, the shunt pipe 414 and the connecting pipe 415 are set, so that when the exhaust gas enters the intake pipe 108, the exhaust gas can be diverted from multiple connecting pipes 415 and the intake hole 413 into the bottom cavity 105, which can differentiate the exhaust gas and optimize the intake path. In addition, during the displacement of the release plate 107, the air inlet connecting pipe 415 can be staggered, so that the purpose of stopping the air intake when the adsorbent is about to be released can be achieved. In summary, the piston 401 is used to control the gas flow, and the exhaust gas regulation during the adsorbent replacement process is achieved, ensuring that the incompletely purified exhaust gas will not be directly discharged into the environment, thereby improving the safety of exhaust gas treatment.

[0027] As a further solution of the present invention, the blanking component includes a material control plate 500 disposed in the blanking port 110, and a folding rod 501 is connected to the material control plate 500, and the bottom of the folding rod 501 extends to one side of the separation pipe 101 and is rotatably connected to a push rod 502, and the push rod 502 is rotatably connected to an adjacent baffle a102; By providing the push rod 502, when the baffle a102 moves away from the baffle b104, the push rod 502 can touch the position of the folding rod 501, so that the folding rod 501 can drive the material control plate 500 to move upward, and then the material drop opening 110 can be opened to feed the cavity 105. Furthermore, an elastic element can be provided between the material control plate 500 and the material drop opening 110, and when the baffle a102 moves in the opposite direction, that is, gradually approaches the baffle b104, the push rod 502 no longer applies a force to the folding rod 501, and the material control plate 500 falls back under the action of its own gravity or the resetting force of the elastic element, thereby closing the material drop opening 110, preventing the adsorbent from continuing to fall in or overflow, and ensuring the controllability of the feeding.

[0028] As a further solution of the present invention, the baffle b104 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the separation pipe 101, and a spring f503 is connected between the baffle a102 and the separation pipe 101, and one end of the baffle a102 close to the baffle b104 is sloped; By setting the spring f503, the spring f503 can support the position of the baffle b104. When the baffle a102 moves toward the baffle b104, the slope surface of the baffle a102 can press the position of the baffle b104, and can force the baffle b104 to move upward, press the adsorbent in the cavity 105, and make the adsorbent in the cavity 105 more compact after each adsorbent flow. This design can reduce the gap inside the adsorbent and increase the filling density, thereby enhancing the utilization rate of the adsorbent and improving the adsorption effect. When the baffle a102 moves to allow the adsorbent to flow in the channel 106, the baffle b104 can move downward for a distance under the force of the spring f503, allowing the adsorbent to relax, thereby reducing the resistance between the adsorbents and ensuring that it can flow smoothly into the next cavity 105. In this way, the entire adsorbent filling and replacement process is smoother, and the flow will not be blocked due to overly tight filling. At the same time, the high filling density of the adsorbent can be guaranteed in a static state, thereby improving the adsorption effect.

[0029] A biodiesel tail gas treatment method is applicable to any of the above-mentioned biodiesel tail gas treatment devices, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Fill the separation pipe 101 in the tail gas treatment tower 100 with a solid adsorbent (such as activated carbon, molecular sieve, etc.) so that the adsorbent fills the entire channel 106 to prepare for tail gas purification; Step 2: Introduce the tail gas into the bottom cavity 105 of the separation pipe 101 through the inlet pipe 108, make the tail gas flow through the mesh plate 103, and the pollutants are adsorbed by the adsorbent during the flow process, and finally discharged from the outlet pipe 111; Step 3: infer whether the adsorbent in the bottom cavity 105 is saturated according to the exhaust gas purification time. If the predetermined time is reached, start to replace the new component, and close the intake pipe 108 when the release plate 107 moves to stop the exhaust gas from entering; Step 4: The release plate 107 moves along a predetermined path to open the lowermost cavity 105, releases the saturated adsorbent, and returns the release plate 107 to its original position after the release is completed; Step 5: baffle a102 moves away from baffle b104, opening the blanking port 110, and under the action of gravity, the adsorbent in the channel 106 flows downward in sequence, and the new adsorbent fills the uppermost cavity 105; Step 6: The baffle a102 is reset to its original position, and the exhaust gas continues to flow through the cavity 105 where the adsorbent has been replaced according to the normal process.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biodiesel tail gas treatment device, characterized in that: include: Tail gas treatment tower (100); A separation pipeline (101) is arranged in the tail gas treatment tower (100), wherein a plurality of baffles a (102) are arranged in the separation pipeline (101), and a mesh plate (103) for carrying a solid adsorbent is arranged on the baffle a (102); A plurality of baffles b (104) are arranged in the separation pipe (101), the baffle a (102) and the baffle b (104) divide the separation pipe (101) into a plurality of cavities (105), and the mesh plate (103) is arranged to connect the plurality of cavities (105) to form a curved channel (106); a release plate (107) disposed at the bottom of the separation pipe (101); an air inlet pipe (108) located at the bottom of the release plate (107) is disposed in the tail gas treatment tower (100) and is connected to the separation pipe (101) via the release plate (107); An adsorbent box (109) provided in the tail gas treatment tower (100) is used to store solid adsorbent and is located at the top of the separation pipeline (101); an air outlet pipe (111) is provided in the adsorbent box (109); a material drop opening (110) is formed between the adsorbent box (109) and the air outlet pipe (111); A replacement component provided on the separation pipe (101), used for moving the positions of the release plate (107) and the baffle a (102), wherein the release plate (107) moves to release the solid adsorbent in the lowermost cavity (105); A blanking component provided in the adsorbent box (109) is used to open and close the blanking opening (110).

2. A biodiesel tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replacement component comprises a rotating shaft (200) rotatably connected to the exhaust gas treatment tower (100), the exhaust gas treatment tower (100) is provided with a motor (201), the rotating shaft (200) is connected to the drive shaft of the motor (201), a screw a (202) is provided on the rotating shaft (200), the release plate (107) is slidably connected to the bottom of the separation pipe (101) and is threadedly connected to the screw a (202), and the screw a (202) is a reciprocating screw.

3. A biodiesel tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the baffle b (104) is triangular, and the thickness of the end close to the baffle a (102) gradually decreases.

4. A biodiesel tail gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The replacement component is capable of driving the release plate (107) to move the position of the baffle a (102) when returning to the initial position after completing a reciprocating motion along a predetermined path, so as to allow the solid adsorbent to flow in the channel (106); The replacement component also includes a screw b (203) rotatably connected to the exhaust gas treatment tower (100), the screw b (203) being a reciprocating screw, the baffle a (102) being slidably connected to the separation pipe (101) and being threadedly connected to the screw b (203), a chain (204) being provided between every two screws b (203) adjacent to each other, a connecting shaft a (205) being rotatably connected inside the exhaust gas treatment tower (100), the connecting shaft a (205) and the rotating shaft (200) being provided with mutually meshing bevel gears a (206), the top of the connecting shaft a (205) being slidably connected to a connecting shaft b (207), the top of the connecting shaft b (207) and an adjacent one of the screws b (203) being provided with mutually matching bevel gears b (208).

5. A biodiesel tail gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The replacement component further comprises a groove (300) formed on the rotating shaft (200), a lead screw c (301) being provided in the groove (300), a damping rod (302) being slidably connected in the groove (300), a spring a (303) being connected between the damping rod (302) and the groove (300), one end of the damping rod (302) being semi-spherical, a damping groove (304) adapted to the semi-spherical end of the damping rod (302) being formed on the inner wall of the lead screw c (301), and a spring a (303) being threadedly connected to the damping rod (302). The separation pipe (101) is slidably connected to a sliding frame (305), one side of the sliding frame (305) is rotatably connected to a connecting frame (306), the connecting frame (306) is slidably connected to the lead screw a (202), a limiting rod (307) is slidably connected inside the connecting frame (306), a spring b (308) is connected between the limiting rod (307) and the connecting frame (306), and a limiting groove (309) is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (200), and the side of the limiting groove (309) away from the lead screw a (202) is sloped.

6. A biodiesel tail gas treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the separation pipe (101) is slidably connected to a lifting rod (310), the connecting shaft b (207) is rotatably connected to the lifting rod (310), a spring c (311) is connected between the lifting rod (310) and the separation pipe (101), the side wall of the separation pipe (101) is connected to a guide rail (312), a connecting rod (313) is slidably connected to the guide rail (312), the top of the connecting rod (313) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting rod (310), and one side of the release plate (107) is connected to a convex strip (314).

7. A biodiesel tail gas treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the release plate (107) moves to open the bottom cavity (105), it can discharge part of the air in the air outlet pipe (111), so that the exhaust gas in the bottom cavity (105) enters the cavity (105) above it; The release plate (107) is capable of closing the air inlet pipe (108) when it moves to open the cavity (105) at the bottom layer; Two brackets (400) are connected to the air outlet pipe (111), a piston (401) slidably connected to the air outlet pipe (111) is provided between the two brackets (400), a connecting groove (402) is provided on the top of the piston (401), a connecting port (403) communicating with the connecting groove (402) is provided on the bottom of the piston (401), two closed diaphragms (404) are connected to the connecting groove (402), the closed diaphragms (404) are bendable plastic sheets, and parts of the two closed diaphragms (404) are in a stacked state, a lead screw d (405) threadedly connected to the piston (401) is rotatably connected to the bracket (400), and the lead screw d (405) is connected to A traction shaft (406) is provided, a spring d (407) is connected between the traction shaft (406) and the bracket (400), a connecting rod (408) is connected to the top of the lifting rod (310), the connecting rod (408) extends into the adsorbent box (109) and is connected to a traction rope (409), one end of the traction rope (409) passes through the adsorbent box (109) and the air outlet pipe (111) and is wound around the traction shaft (406), an inclined opening (410) is provided on the top of the release plate (107), an air intake plate (411) is slidably connected to the interior of the separation pipe (101), and a spring e (412) is connected between the air intake plate (411) and the separation pipe (101); A plurality of air inlet holes (413) are formed on one of the release plates (107); one end of the air inlet pipe (108) is connected to a diverter pipe (414); and the top of the diverter pipe (414) is connected to a connecting pipe (415) connected to the air inlet holes (413).

8. The biodiesel tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blanking component is capable of opening the blanking opening (110) when the baffle a (102) moves away from the baffle b (104), and closing the blanking opening (110) when the baffle a (102) moves toward the baffle b (104); The material-dropping component comprises a material-controlling plate (500) disposed in the material-dropping port (110), the material-controlling plate (500) being connected to a folding rod (501), the bottom of the folding rod (501) extending to one side of the separation pipe (101) and being rotatably connected to a push rod (502), the push rod (502) being rotatably connected to an adjacent baffle a (102).

9. The biodiesel tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle plate b (104) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the separation pipe (101), and a spring f (503) is connected between the baffle plate b and the separation pipe (101). One end of the baffle plate a (102) close to the baffle plate b (104) is sloped.

10. A method for treating biodiesel tail gas, applicable to a biodiesel tail gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Filling a solid adsorbent into the separation pipe (101) in the tail gas treatment tower (100) so that the adsorbent fills the entire channel (106) to prepare for tail gas purification; Step 2: introducing the exhaust gas into the lowest cavity (105) of the separation pipe (101) through the air inlet pipe (108), allowing the exhaust gas to flow through the mesh plate (103), and the pollutants are adsorbed by the adsorbent during the flow process, and finally discharged from the exhaust pipe (111); Step 3: infer whether the adsorbent in the bottom cavity (105) is saturated according to the exhaust gas purification time. If the predetermined time is reached, start to replace the new component, and close the intake pipe (108) when the release plate (107) moves to stop the exhaust gas from entering; Step 4: the release plate (107) moves along a predetermined path to open the lowermost cavity (105), releases the saturated adsorbent, and returns the release plate (107) to its original position after the release is completed; Step 5: the baffle a (102) moves away from the baffle b (104), the material discharge port (110) is opened, and under the action of gravity, the adsorbent in the channel (106) flows downward in sequence, and the new adsorbent fills the uppermost cavity (105); Step 6: The baffle a (102) is reset to its original position, and the exhaust gas continues to flow through the cavity (105) in which the adsorbent has been replaced according to the normal process.

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