Ocean carbon sink increasing method based on construction of multifunctional artificial coral forest

Abstract

The invention provides an ocean carbon sink increasing method based on construction of a multifunctional artificial coral forest, and belongs to the technical field of carbon sink increasing. The ocean carbon sink increasing method comprises the following steps that (1) an artificial coral forest framework unit is constructed, and the constructed artificial coral forest framework unit is placed on the seabed; and 2) opening a water outlet pipe of a liquid storage bottle in the artificial coral forest framework unit so as to release a carbon sequestration compound solution in the liquid storage bottle to promote seawater to absorb CO2 in the atmosphere. According to the method provided by the invention, ocean carbon sink increase is enhanced, meanwhile, the seabed ecological environment can be improved, a good habitat is provided for fishes and benthic organisms, the cost of artificial fish reef production and laying and ocean chemical carbon sequestration is reduced, and the comprehensive ecological and economic benefits of the artificial fish reef and ocean chemical carbon sequestration are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbon sink enhancement, and in particular relates to a method for enhancing marine carbon sinks based on constructing a multifunctional artificial coral forest. Background Art

[0003] The ocean has been recognized as one of the two major carbon sinks on Earth. The ocean is vast, accounting for about 71% of the Earth's surface area. It can absorb about one-third of the carbon dioxide emitted by human activities each year. The carbon absorbed by the ocean can be transferred to deep layers and sediments through the "biological pump" and "carbonate pump" for long-term storage. Whether it is the "biological pump" or the "carbonate pump", both belong to the category of carbon fixation in marine ecosystems. Their absorption and fixation of carbon depends on marine biological processes, and the carbon fixation efficiency is relatively low. In order to increase the ocean's absorption efficiency of atmospheric carbon dioxide, people have tried to use engineering and technical means to intervene in the marine system, which has spawned a number of ocean-related geoenvironmental projects.

[0004] Chemical storage is a process of converting CO 2 Transformed into stable carbonates, thus achieving long-term storage of CO 2 However, the current marine chemical storage technology is still in the theoretical stage, and there are still great uncertainties in its technical methods, emission reduction efficiency and the ecological environment it causes. In particular, the cost of chemical storage is high and lacks practical operability. One of the main technologies of marine ranching is to lay artificial reefs of various materials and shapes on the seabed to provide habitats for marine life. However, the production and deployment costs of artificial reefs are also very high, which limits the widespread application of artificial reefs. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for increasing marine carbon sinks based on constructing a multifunctional artificial coral forest. The method provided by the present invention can not only enhance marine carbon sinks, but also improve the seabed ecological environment, provide a better habitat for fish and benthic organisms, reduce the cost of artificial fish reef production and deployment and marine chemical carbon sequestration, and improve the comprehensive ecological and economic benefits of artificial fish reefs and marine chemical carbon sequestration.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for increasing marine carbon sinks based on constructing a multifunctional artificial coral forest, comprising the following steps:

[0007] 1) constructing an artificial coral forest framework unit, and placing the constructed artificial coral forest framework unit on the seabed;

[0008] 2) Open the outlet pipe of the liquid storage bottle in the artificial coral forest frame unit to release the carbon-fixing compound solution in the liquid storage bottle to promote seawater to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. 2 .

[0009] Preferably, the carbon-fixing compound solution in step 2) is a saturated solution of a soluble calcium compound.

[0010] Preferably, the release rate of the carbon-fixing compound solution in step 2) is 0.1 mL / min.

[0011] Preferably, the artificial coral forest framework unit in step 1) comprises a base, an artificial coral skeleton, a drainage tube, a liquid storage bottle bracket, a liquid storage bottle and a micro water pump;

[0012] The artificial coral frame and the liquid storage bottle bracket are respectively installed on the base; the liquid storage bottle is installed on the liquid storage bottle bracket; the water inlet pipe of the micro water pump is connected with the water outlet pipe of the liquid storage bottle; one end of the drainage tube is connected with the water outlet pipe of the micro water pump, and the other end is fixed on the top of the artificial coral frame.

[0013] Preferably, a steel grid is arranged in the base, and a galvanized pipe is arranged in the center and four corners of the base respectively; the artificial coral skeleton is inserted into the galvanized pipes at the four corners of the base; and the liquid storage bottle bracket is inserted into the galvanized pipe in the center of the base.

[0014] Preferably, the artificial coral skeleton in step 1) is constructed with steel bars and has a curved structure with a height of 25 to 35 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the upper end of the liquid storage bottle bracket is in a conical structure, the liquid storage bottle is invertedly installed in the conical structure of the liquid storage bottle bracket, and an adjustable mechanism is provided at the contact portion between the liquid storage bottle bracket and the liquid storage bottle.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of recessed rope noses are evenly spaced on the bottom edge of the liquid storage bottle; a plurality of threaded holes are distributed in the middle of the bottom of the liquid storage bottle; a grid is provided on the shoulder inside the liquid storage bottle; a sealing cover is provided on the top of the liquid storage bottle, and a water outlet pipe passes through the sealing cover to form a watertight connection with the water inlet pipe of the micro water pump.

[0017] Preferably, the micro water pump comprises a waterproof housing, a water pump body and a battery; the bottom of the waterproof housing is provided with screws matching the threaded holes at the bottom of the liquid storage bottle.

[0018] Preferably, the micro water pump is provided with a plurality of water pump outlets.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0020] The method for increasing marine carbon sinks based on constructing a multifunctional artificial coral forest provided by the present invention uses a chemical method to construct an artificial coral forest, on the one hand, by releasing Ca 2+ Promoting CO in seawater 3 2-concentration to promote oceanic CO 2 On the other hand, carbon fixation compounds are dripped onto the artificial coral reef skeleton from the outlet of the micro pump through the drainage tube, and Ca 2+ With CO 3 2- Combined to form CaCO 3 The artificial coral is deposited and attached to the artificial coral skeleton to form an artificial coral. The method provided by the present invention can not only enhance the marine carbon sink technology, but also improve the seabed ecological environment, provide a better habitat for fish and benthic organisms, reduce the cost of artificial fish reef production and deployment and marine chemical carbon sequestration, and improve the comprehensive ecological and economic benefits of artificial fish reefs and marine chemical carbon sequestration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the artificial coral forest framework unit provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the base, liquid storage bottle bracket and artificial coral skeleton of the artificial coral forest framework unit provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a liquid storage bottle;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a micro water pump;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the carbon fixation effect of the present invention;

[0026] Among them: 1-base, 2-artificial coral skeleton, 3-drainage tube, 4-liquid storage bottle bracket, 5-liquid storage bottle, 6-micro water pump, 7-steel grid, 8-adjustable mechanism, 9-recessed rope nose, 10 threaded hole, 11-grid, 12-sealing cover, 13-water outlet pipe, 14-waterproof shell, 15-water pump body 15, 16-battery, 17 water pump outlet, 18-screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The present invention provides a method for increasing marine carbon sinks based on constructing a multifunctional artificial coral forest, comprising the following steps:

[0029] 1) constructing an artificial coral forest framework unit, and placing the constructed artificial coral forest framework unit on the seabed;

[0030] 2) Open the outlet pipe of the liquid storage bottle in the artificial coral forest frame unit to release the carbon-fixing compound solution in the liquid storage bottle to promote seawater to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. 2 .

[0031] The present invention constructs an artificial coral forest framework unit, and places the constructed artificial coral forest framework unit on the seabed. In the present invention, if Figure 1 As shown, the artificial coral forest frame unit preferably includes a base 1, an artificial coral skeleton 2, a drainage tube 3, a liquid storage bottle bracket 4, a liquid storage bottle 5 and a micro water pump 6; the artificial coral skeleton 2 and the liquid storage bottle bracket 4 are respectively mounted on the base 1; the liquid storage bottle 5 is mounted on the liquid storage bottle bracket 4; the water inlet pipe of the micro water pump 6 is connected to the water outlet pipe 13 of the liquid storage bottle 5; one end of the drainage tube 3 is connected to the water outlet pipe of the micro water pump 6, and the other end is fixed to the top of the artificial coral skeleton 2. In the present invention, as Figure 2 It is described that a steel grid 7 is preferably arranged in the base 1, and a galvanized pipe is arranged in the center and four corners of the base 1 respectively; the artificial coral skeleton 2 is inserted into the galvanized pipes at the four corners of the base 1; and the liquid storage bottle bracket 4 is inserted into the galvanized pipe in the center of the base 1. In the present invention, a steel grid is arranged on the base to enhance the firmness and compressive strength of the base. The galvanized pipes arranged at the four corners and the center of the base can provide a stable support for the installation of subsequent components. In the embodiment of the present invention, the base is a cement base with a size of 50 cm long, 50 cm wide and 10 cm high. The base is built with a steel grid during casting, and a 15 cm long DN32 (outer diameter 4.23 cm, inner diameter 3.20 cm, wall thickness 5.15 mm) galvanized pipe is pre-buried in the center of the base, and a 15 cm long DN20 (outer diameter 2.68 cm, inner diameter 2.00 cm, wall thickness 3.40 mm) galvanized pipe is pre-buried at each of the four corners.

[0032] In the present invention, the artificial coral skeleton 2 is preferably constructed with steel bars, and is a curved structure with a height of 25 to 35 cm. In the present invention, the diameter of the steel bars is preferably 0.5 cm to 2 cm. In the present invention, the curved structure refers to a branch and / or layered design, so that the skeleton is in the shape of straight branches, curved branches, V-shaped branches, ring branches or multi-branched branches. In the present invention, the artificial coral skeleton 2 is set as a curved structure, which can make the overall skeleton more spatially three-dimensional, facilitate the attachment of marine organisms, and improve the attachment of artificial corals and the complexity of the growth environment. In an embodiment of the present invention, the height of the artificial coral skeleton is 30 cm, and the bottom end is inserted into a pre-buried DN20 galvanized pipe.

[0033] In the present invention, if Figure 2The upper end of the liquid storage bottle bracket 4 is preferably a conical structure, the liquid storage bottle 5 is invertedly installed in the conical structure of the liquid storage bottle bracket 4, and the contact portion of the liquid storage bottle bracket 4 and the liquid storage bottle 5 is provided with an adjustable mechanism 8. In the present invention, the upper end of the liquid storage bottle bracket 4 is set to a conical structure to form a triangular support structure, which can increase stability and ensure stability in a seawater environment. The adjustable mechanism 8 is provided so that it can better adapt to different types of liquid storage bottles and provide greater flexibility. The present invention does not specifically limit the specific structure of the adjustable mechanism 8, and a conventional adjustment structure in the field can be used. In an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid storage bottle bracket is made of round steel with a diameter of 28 mm, the inner diameter of the conical structure is 31 cm, and the column height at the lower end of the conical structure is 30 cm.

[0034] In the present invention, if Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the liquid storage bottle 5 is preferably equidistantly distributed with a plurality of concave rope noses 9 and threaded holes 10; the shoulder of the liquid storage bottle 5 is provided with a grid 11; the top of the liquid storage bottle 5 is provided with a sealing cover 12, and the water outlet pipe 13 passes through the sealing cover 12 to form a watertight connection with the water inlet pipe of the micro water pump 6. In the present invention, by providing a concave rope nose 9 at the bottom edge of the liquid storage bottle 5, it is convenient to fix the liquid storage bottle 5 on the liquid storage bottle bracket 4. The threaded hole 10 is provided at the bottom of the liquid storage bottle 5, so as to facilitate the fixing of the micro water pump 6 and ensure its stability. The shoulder of the liquid storage bottle is provided with a grid 11, which can be used to filter the particulate matter that may be generated by the carbon-fixing compound solution to avoid clogging the water outlet below the grid. In the present invention, the pore size of the grid is preferably 50μm. In the embodiment of the present invention, the liquid storage bottle is a 10L plastic liquid storage bottle with a diameter of 30cm and a height of 15cm.

[0035] In the present invention, if Figure 4 As shown, the micro water pump 6 preferably includes a waterproof housing 14, a water pump body 15 and a battery 16, and the bottom of the waterproof housing 14 is provided with a screw 18 that matches the threaded hole 10 at the bottom of the liquid storage bottle 5. The present invention does not specifically limit the specific material of the waterproof housing, and pressure-resistant plastic can be selected. In the present invention, the micro water pump is preferably provided with a plurality of water pump outlets 17. By providing a plurality of water pump outlets 17, it can be connected to a plurality of drainage tubes 3. In the present invention, in order to improve efficiency and adapt to different environmental conditions, the power of the micro water pump can be adjusted according to demand.

[0036] In the present invention, the inner diameter of the drainage tube 3 is preferably 2-5 mm. The material of the drainage tube 3 is preferably polyethylene. The drainage tube made of polyethylene has strong corrosion resistance and UV resistance, thereby improving durability.

[0037] In the present invention, after the constructed artificial coral forest framework unit is placed on the seabed, the outlet pipe of the liquid storage bottle in the artificial coral forest framework unit is opened to release the carbon fixation compound solution in the liquid storage bottle to promote seawater to absorb CO2 in the atmosphere. 2 . Carbon-fixed compounds and CO in seawater 3 2- The reaction generates calcium carbonate and attaches to the artificial coral skeleton to form artificial corals. At the same time, the dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater is reduced, which promotes the absorption of atmospheric CO by seawater. 2 In the present invention, the carbon-fixing compound solution is preferably a saturated solution of a soluble calcium compound, more preferably CaCl 2 、CaSO 4 In the present invention, the release rate of the carbon-fixing compound solution is 0.1 mL / min.

[0038] In the present invention, the artificial coral forest framework units are preferably placed on the seabed at intervals of 0.5m to 1m, and can be arranged randomly or in a matrix.

[0039] The carbon in ocean water is about 50 times that in the atmosphere, and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) accounts for more than 95%, about 24 mg / kg. Ocean water is an important absorber of atmospheric CO 2 is an important carrier of atmospheric CO 2 The form of carbon that is most closely absorbed, any small change in which could affect atmospheric CO 2 The dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater mainly exists in the form of bicarbonate (HCO 3 - ), carbonate (CO 3 2- ) and carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ), which is in a dynamic balance. At the same time, most seawater calcium carbonate is in a supersaturated state (ΩCaCO 3 >1) If the physical and chemical conditions of seawater are changed to promote the formation and precipitation of calcium carbonate, the equilibrium state of the seawater carbonate system can be broken, increasing the seawater's response to atmospheric CO 2 This is the realization of CO 2 The basic principle of marine chemical storage. In the present invention, the principle of enhancing marine carbon sink is as follows: Seawater contains a huge amount of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), which mainly exists in the form of bicarbonate (HCO 3 - ), carbonate (CO 3 2- ) and carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ), there is a dynamic balance between the various forms as follows:

[0040]

[0041] When Ca is added to seawater 2+ ions, resulting in CaCO 3 The formation of precipitation makes the CO in seawater 3 2- The concentration decreases, so that all the reaction equilibrium of equations 1 to 5 shifts to the right, thus promoting the ocean's absorption of atmospheric CO 2 The method for increasing the carbon sink of the ocean based on constructing a multifunctional artificial coral forest provided by the present invention combines chemical methods to construct an artificial coral forest, on the one hand, by releasing Ca 2+ Promoting CO in seawater 3 2- concentration to promote oceanic CO 2 On the other hand, carbon fixation compounds are dripped onto the artificial coral reef skeleton from the outlet of the micro pump through the drainage tube, and Ca 2+ With CO 3 2- Combined to form CaCO 3 It settles and attaches to the artificial coral skeleton to form artificial corals. While enhancing the ocean carbon sink technology, it can also improve the seabed ecological environment, provide a better habitat for fish and benthic organisms, reduce the cost of artificial reef production and deployment and marine chemical carbon sequestration, and improve the comprehensive ecological and economic benefits of artificial reefs and marine chemical carbon sequestration.

[0042] Taking calcium chloride solution as an example, the changes in seawater DIC and the amount of calcium carbonate precipitation caused by solutions of different concentrations are shown in Figure 2. Figure 5 For a saturated calcium chloride solution, if the seawater temperature is 20°C, 10L of saturated calcium chloride solution contains 7.45kg of calcium chloride, forming 6.72kg of calcium carbonate precipitation, which in turn promotes the seawater to absorb 2.95kg of atmospheric CO 2 When the calcium-containing solution in the storage bottle is consumed, the storage bottle can be lifted out of the sea surface to replace the solution, or it can be directly replaced with a storage bottle filled with calcium-containing solution.

[0043] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Several artificial coral forest framework units are placed on the seabed at intervals of 0.5m to 1m to form an artificial coral forest, thereby changing the benthic ecological environment and forming a habitat for fish and benthic organisms. The basic framework unit of the artificial coral forest consists of a base, an artificial coral skeleton, a drainage tube, a liquid storage bottle bracket, a liquid storage bottle and a micro water pump. The base is a cement structure with a steel grid inside. The artificial coral skeleton is inserted into the four corners of the base, and the liquid storage bottle bracket is inserted into the center of the base. Saturated calcium chloride solution is filled into a 10L liquid storage bottle, and the liquid storage bottle is fixed on the liquid storage bottle bracket. The micro water pump is fixed to the bottom of the liquid storage bottle. The saturated calcium chloride solution drips carbon-fixing compounds from the outlet of the micro water pump through the drainage tube to the artificial coral reef skeleton, where Ca 2+ With CO 3 2- Combined to form CaCO 3 It precipitates and attaches to the artificial coral skeleton to form artificial coral. At the same time, it reduces the content of DIC in seawater and promotes the ocean's absorption of atmospheric CO 2 absorption.

[0046] During the implementation process, the content of DIC in seawater continued to decrease, which promoted the ocean's absorption of atmospheric CO 2 If the seawater temperature is 20°C, 10L of saturated calcium chloride solution contains 7.45kg of calcium chloride, forming 6.72kg of calcium carbonate precipitation, which in turn promotes the absorption of 2.95kg of atmospheric CO2 by seawater. 2 At the same time, the formation of artificial coral forests provides habitats for fish, benthic organisms, and plankton, forming a de facto marine pasture. While increasing biomass, it further increases marine carbon sinks, achieving both economic and ecological benefits.

[0047] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for increasing marine carbon sinks based on constructing a multifunctional artificial coral forest, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) constructing an artificial coral forest framework unit, and placing the constructed artificial coral forest framework unit on the seabed; 2) Open the outlet pipe of the liquid storage bottle in the artificial coral forest framework unit to release the carbon-fixing compound solution in the liquid storage bottle to promote seawater to absorb CO2 in the atmosphere.

2. The method for increasing ocean carbon sinks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon-fixing compound solution in step 2) is a saturated solution of a soluble calcium compound.

3. The method for increasing ocean carbon sinks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The release rate of the carbon-fixing compound solution in step 2) is 0.1 mL / min.

4. The method for increasing ocean carbon sinks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The artificial coral forest framework unit in step 1) includes a base, an artificial coral frame, a drainage tube, a liquid storage bottle bracket, a liquid storage bottle and a micro water pump; The artificial coral frame and the liquid storage bottle bracket are respectively installed on the base; the liquid storage bottle is installed on the liquid storage bottle bracket; the water inlet pipe of the micro water pump is connected with the water outlet pipe of the liquid storage bottle; one end of the drainage tube is connected with the water outlet pipe of the micro water pump, and the other end is fixed on the top of the artificial coral frame.

5. The method for increasing ocean carbon sinks according to claim 4, characterized in that: A steel grid is arranged inside the base, and a galvanized pipe is arranged at the center and four corners of the base respectively; the artificial coral frame is inserted into the galvanized pipes at the four corners of the base; and the liquid storage bottle bracket is inserted into the galvanized pipe at the center of the base.

6. The method for increasing ocean carbon sinks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The artificial coral frame in step 1) is constructed with steel bars and has a curved structure with a height of 25 to 35 cm.

7. The method for increasing ocean carbon sinks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the liquid storage bottle bracket is in a conical structure, the liquid storage bottle is invertedly installed in the conical structure of the liquid storage bottle bracket, and an adjustable mechanism is provided at the contact portion between the liquid storage bottle bracket and the liquid storage bottle.

8. The method for increasing ocean carbon sinks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom edge of the liquid storage bottle is provided with a number of recessed rope noses at equal distances; the middle of the bottom of the liquid storage bottle is provided with a number of threaded holes; the shoulder inside the liquid storage bottle is provided with a grid; the top of the liquid storage bottle is provided with a sealing cover, and the water outlet pipe passes through the sealing cover to form a watertight connection with the water inlet pipe of the micro water pump.

9. The method for increasing ocean carbon sinks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The micro water pump comprises a waterproof shell, a water pump body and a storage battery; the bottom of the waterproof shell is provided with screws matching with the threaded holes at the bottom of the liquid storage bottle.

10. The method for increasing ocean carbon sinks according to claim 9, characterized in that: The micro water pump is provided with a plurality of water pump outlets.

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