Biomass fuel particle preparation device and preparation method

Abstract

The invention provides a biomass fuel particle preparation device and a biomass fuel particle preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of granulators. The device for preparing the biomass fuel particles comprises a support, a plurality of supporting rods and a plurality of supporting rods, the fixed shell is fixedly connected to the mounting seat; the driving shaft is rotationally connected to the mounting base, and the driving shaft penetrates through the fixing shell and is rotationally connected with the fixing shell; the mounting shaft is detachably connected to the driving shaft, and the mounting shaft is rotationally connected with two grinding rollers which are distributed in a central symmetry manner; and the millstone is arranged on the driving shaft, and the millstone is in sealed sliding connection with the fixed shell. The position of the millstone is changed, the distance between the millstone and the grinding roller on the mounting shaft is increased, the local pressure between the millstone and the grinding roller on the mounting shaft is reduced, a redistribution space is provided for materials between the millstone and the grinding roller, the clamped materials can enter a grinding area again, shutdown treatment is not needed any more, and the overall working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pelletizers, and in particular to a biomass fuel pellet preparation device and a preparation method. Background Art

[0002] Biomass fuel pellets are a renewable energy product made from various biomass raw materials (such as wood waste, crop residues, herbaceous plants, etc.). They are usually used to replace traditional fossil fuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Among them, the flat die pelletizer is the core device for the preparation of biomass pellets. Its performance directly determines the yield, density and combustion efficiency of pellet fuel.

[0003] The traditional flat die pellet mill compresses the biomass raw materials into pellet fuel through the extrusion of grinding rollers and grinding discs. However, in actual production, it is found that at the initial start-up of the equipment, the grinding roller is easily stuck by the raw materials and cannot rotate, resulting in the inability to carry out pelletizing normally. At the same time, it will also cause the load on the motor output shaft to increase, and cause the surface of the grinding disc and the grinding roller to wear due to increased friction. In severe cases, it will cause the motor to be overloaded and damaged. At this time, it is necessary to stop the machine, clean the material under the grinding roller and then restart the pellet mill. The overall process is relatively cumbersome, which slows down the overall pelletizing progress. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing flat die pelletizer during use, the present invention provides a biomass fuel pellet preparation device and method.

[0005] The technical solution is: a biomass fuel particle preparation device, comprising:

[0006] A bracket, wherein the bracket is provided with a mounting seat;

[0007] A fixed shell is fixedly connected to the mounting seat, a material guide shell and a material outlet are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the fixed shell, and a cutting blade is arranged inside the fixed shell;

[0008] A driving shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting seat, the driving shaft passes through the fixed shell and is rotatably connected thereto, the bracket is provided with a driving module for driving the driving shaft to rotate, and the driving shaft is fixedly connected with a material guide plate rotatably connected to the fixed shell;

[0009] A mounting shaft, detachably connected to the driving shaft, wherein the mounting shaft is rotatably connected to two grinding rollers symmetrically distributed around the center;

[0010] A grinding disc is arranged on the driving shaft, the grinding disc is sealingly and slidingly connected with the fixed shell, the grinding disc is provided with a plurality of granulation holes, and the grinding disc is located below the mounting shaft;

[0011] A first hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the mounting seat, and a telescopic end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod passes through the fixed shell and is fixedly connected to the grinding disc through a connecting rod.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0013] There are two guide plates, which are centrally symmetrically distributed and are both fixed to the mounting shaft, and the two guide plates are staggeredly distributed with the two grinding rollers;

[0014] A movable sleeve is rotatably and slidably connected to the grinding disc, the movable sleeve is spline-connected to the driving shaft, and the movable sleeve is fixedly connected to the cutting blade;

[0015] Two movable racks are centrally symmetrically distributed and are both arranged on the movable sleeve, and the movable racks are slidably connected to the adjacent guide plates;

[0016] The second hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the mounting seat, the telescopic end of the second hydraulic telescopic rod passes through the fixed shell, the telescopic end of the second hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a connecting piece, and the connecting piece on the second hydraulic telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the movable sleeve.

[0017] Furthermore, the maximum moving distance of the movable sleeve on the driving shaft is A, the maximum distance of the grinding disc on the fixed shell is B, the minimum distance between the grinding disc and the guide plate is C, and AB>C.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0019] The scraper plates have two centrally symmetrically distributed ones, which are rotatably connected to the adjacent moving frames respectively. The scraper plates and the adjacent moving frames are fixedly connected with torsion springs. When the guide plates are in contact with the adjacent scraper plates, they limit the adjacent scraper plates.

[0020] Furthermore, the two scraper plates are both provided with an inclined surface for cleaning and guiding the material adhered to the upper side of the grinding disc when the movable frame disturbs the material on the grinding disc.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0022] The connecting posts are provided with two connecting posts which are centrally symmetrically distributed and respectively fixed to the adjacent moving frames. The connecting posts are slidably connected to the moving sleeves, and a tension spring is fixed between the connecting posts and the moving sleeves.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0024] A first shielding member is fixed to the upper end of the driving shaft and is rotatably connected to the material guide shell;

[0025] A second shielding member, which is limitedly slidably connected to the first shielding member and is rotatably connected to the material guide shell;

[0026] A third shielding member is limitedly slidably connected to the second shielding member and is rotatably connected to the material guide shell, and the third shielding member is provided with an inclined surface for guiding the material when the material enters the fixed shell;

[0027] A driving mechanism is arranged in the material guiding shell, and the driving mechanism is used to change the flow area of ​​the through hole on the first shielding member when the grinding disc moves.

[0028] Furthermore, the first shielding member, the second shielding member and the third shielding member are all composed of centrally symmetrically distributed sector blocks and a circular ring, and the circumferential angles corresponding to the three sector blocks are equal to the angle between the central axis of the mounting shaft and the scraper plate, and the angle is not less than 60°, and the maximum rotation angle of the second shielding member on the first shielding member and the maximum rotation angle of the second shielding member on the third shielding member are both equal to 60°.

[0029] Furthermore, the driving mechanism comprises:

[0030] A third hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly connected in the material guide housing;

[0031] A driving rod, rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the third hydraulic telescopic rod, a limiting groove is provided on the driving rod, the driving rod passes through the second shielding member and the third shielding member, and the driving rod is spline-connected to the driving shaft;

[0032] A limiting ball, fixedly connected to the third shielding member, the limiting ball being located in the limiting groove;

[0033] The sealing member is fixedly connected between the third shielding member and the driving rod, and the sealing member is made of an elastic and deformable material.

[0034] A method for preparing biomass fuel particles, based on the above-mentioned device for preparing biomass fuel particles, comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1: Start the driving module, the driving module drives the driving shaft to rotate, and the driving shaft drives the mounting shaft, the cutting blade, the guide plate, the moving sleeve, the scraper plate and the first shielding member to rotate synchronously;

[0036] S2: transporting the pre-treated material into the material guide shell, and the material falls on the third shielding member under the guidance of the material guide shell. Under the guidance of the third shielding member, the material moves into the fixed shell and falls between the material guide plate and the grinding roller;

[0037] S3: The rotating guide plate pre-levels the material, and the grinding roller and the grinding disc squeeze the material together, so that the material passes through the granulation hole on the grinding disc, and the rotating cutting blade cuts the material into particles of a specified length. The cut particles fall down on the guide disc and are affected by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the guide disc, and move outward through the discharge port of the fixed shell;

[0038] S4: When the grinding roller is stuck, the first hydraulic telescopic rod, the second hydraulic telescopic rod and the third hydraulic telescopic rod are started, and the first hydraulic telescopic rod drives the grinding disc to move downward to loosen the material; the second hydraulic telescopic rod drives the moving sleeve to move downward to make the scraper plate contact the grinding disc, and the scraper plate scrapes and scatters the material adhering to the grinding disc during the rotation process; the third hydraulic telescopic rod drives the driving rod to move downward, so that the limiting ball is squeezed by the limiting groove to drive the third shielding member to rotate, and the third shielding member drives the second shielding member to rotate, so as to block the material guide shell and maintain the stability of the material volume in the fixed shell;

[0039] S5: start the second hydraulic telescopic rod and the first hydraulic telescopic rod in reverse at the same time, after the first hydraulic telescopic rod drives the grinding disc to reset to the initial position and the second hydraulic telescopic rod drives the moving sleeve to reset to the initial position, start the third hydraulic telescopic rod in reverse, the third hydraulic telescopic rod drives the driving rod to reset, and the granulation process continues;

[0040] S6: After the preparation is completed, shut down the drive module.

[0041] The beneficial effects are as follows: the present invention changes the position of the grinding disc, increases the distance between the grinding disc and the grinding roller on the mounting shaft, reduces the local pressure between the grinding disc and the grinding roller on the mounting shaft, provides space for redistribution of materials between the two, allows stuck materials to re-enter the grinding area, no longer requires shutdown for processing, and improves overall work efficiency.

[0042] After the grinding disc moves, the mobile frame disturbs the material on the grinding disc, causing the material to move through the gaps between the vertically placed cylinders on the mobile frame, thereby breaking up the material and making the material compacted by the grinding roller loose again (reducing the probability of the material forming lumps or compacted layers), thereby reducing the probability of the grinding roller slipping during rotation.

[0043] After the grinding disc moves, the first blocking member, the second blocking member and the third blocking member cooperate to seal the material guide shell, thereby reducing the volume of the material in the material guide shell entering the fixed shell, thereby maintaining the volume of the material in the fixed shell stable, and reducing the risk of secondary accumulation of materials in the fixed shell and aggravating the blockage of the grinding disc due to the continuous increase of materials in the fixed shell after the grinding disc moves downward. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the fixed shell and the material guiding shell of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the grinding disc and the first hydraulic telescopic rod of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the grinding disc of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the material guide plate of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the movable frame and the scraper plate of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting column and the tension spring of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the scraper plate of the present invention;

[0052] Fig. 9 It is an exploded view of the first shielding member and the second shielding member of the present invention.

[0053] Figure numbers: 1, bracket, 2, mounting seat, 3, fixed shell, 31, guide shell, 32, cutting blade, 33, guide plate, 34, grinding roller, 4, driving shaft, 5, mounting shaft, 6, grinding plate, 7, first hydraulic telescopic rod, 8, guide plate, 9, movable frame, 10, movable sleeve, 11, second hydraulic telescopic rod, 12, scraper plate, 14, torsion spring, 15, connecting column, 16, tension spring, 17, first shielding member, 18, second shielding member, 19, third shielding member, 20, third hydraulic telescopic rod, 21, driving rod, 22, limiting groove, 23, limiting ball, 24, sealing member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Embodiment 1: A biomass fuel particle preparation device, such as Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, it includes a bracket 1, on which a mounting seat 2 is arranged; a fixed shell 3, which is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 2, the upper side of the fixed shell 3 is fixedly connected and communicated with a material guide shell 31, the lower side of the fixed shell 3 is provided with a discharge port, and a cutting blade 32 is arranged in the fixed shell 3; a driving shaft 4, which is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 2, the driving shaft 4 passes through the fixed shell 3 and is rotatably connected thereto, a driving module for driving the driving shaft 4 to rotate is arranged on the bracket 1, the driving shaft 4 is fixedly connected with a material guide disk 33, and the material guide disk 33 is rotatably connected to the fixed shell 3; the mounting shaft 5, is detachably connected to the driving shaft 4, and two grinding rollers 34 distributed symmetrically at the center are rotatably connected to the mounting shaft 5, and the mounting shaft 5 is located in the fixed shell 3; the grinding disc 6 is arranged on the driving shaft 4, and the grinding disc 6 is sealingly and slidably connected to the fixed shell 3, the grinding disc 6 is provided with a plurality of granulation holes, and the grinding disc 6 is located below the mounting shaft 5; the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 2, the telescopic end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7 passes through the fixed shell 3 and is slidably connected thereto, and the telescopic end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7 is fixedly connected to the grinding disc 6 through a connecting rod.

[0056] In the above scheme, the discharge port on the fixed shell 3 is located at the front side thereof, for discharging the biomass fuel particles inside thereof, the guide shell 31 is a truncated cone shell, and the minimum diameter of the guide shell 31 is smaller than the diameter of the fixed shell 3; the driving module on the bracket 1 is a combination of a motor and a reducer, wherein the motor is not shown in the figure, the input shaft of the reducer is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the output shaft of the reducer is connected to the drive shaft 4; the guide plate 33 is located below the grinding plate 6, and the upper side surface of the guide plate 33 is flush with the lower side of the discharge port on the fixed shell 3; the specific number and diameter of the granulation holes on the grinding plate 6 are selected by the staff according to actual usage.

[0057] In this embodiment, the driving shaft 4 is spline-connected to the cutting blade 32 , and the cutting blade 32 is rotationally connected to the grinding disc 6 .

[0058] The specific workflow of the above scheme is as follows:

[0059] When it is necessary to use this device to prepare biomass fuel particles, the staff starts the driving module, and the driving module drives the driving shaft 4 to rotate, and the driving shaft 4 drives the cutting blade 32 and the guide plate 33 to rotate synchronously, the driving shaft 4 drives the installation shaft 5 to rotate, and the installation shaft 5 drives the two grinding rollers 34 to rotate synchronously (with the central axis of the driving shaft 4 as the rotation axis), and then the staff transports the pretreated material to the guide shell 31 through the existing conveying device, and then the material falls into the fixed shell 3 along the guide shell 31, and the material entering the fixed shell 3 is squeezed by the grinding roller 34 and the grinding disc 6 and passes through several granulation holes on the grinding disc 6 (in this process, the grinding disc 6 rotates due to the friction of the material on the grinding disc 6), and at the same time, the material passing through the grinding disc 6 is cut into particles of a specified length by the cutting blade 32, that is, biomass fuel particles are prepared.

[0060] After the material passing through the grinding disc 6 is cut into a specified length by the cutting blade 32, biomass fuel particles are formed. The cut particles fall onto the guide plate 33 and are affected by the centrifugal force generated during the rotation of the guide plate 33 and move to the outside of the fixed shell 3 through the discharge port on the fixed shell 3. The prepared biomass fuel particles are collected by the staff for subsequent use.

[0061] At the beginning of the start-up of the driving module, the staff observes the discharge of the fixed shell 3. If the discharge of the fixed shell 3 can be normal, the device can be used normally according to the above operation to produce biomass fuel particles. When the grinding roller 34 is stuck by the material and cannot rotate, the discharge of the fixed shell 3 cannot flow out the biomass fuel particles normally. Then the staff starts the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7, and the telescopic end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7 drives the grinding disc 6 and the cutting blade 32 to move downward synchronously, increasing the distance between the grinding disc 6 and the grinding roller 34, and reducing the distance between the grinding disc 6 and the grinding roller 34. The local pressure between the grinding disc 6 and the grinding roller 34 is increased to provide a space for the material to be redistributed therebetween. After the grinding disc 6 moves downward to the limit position, the staff starts the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7 in the reverse direction. The telescopic end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7 drives the grinding disc 6 to move upward to the initial position, and repeats the above process. By changing the contact position between the material on the grinding disc 6 and the grinding roller 34, the stuck material can re-enter the grinding area, so that the material on the grinding disc 6 is squeezed by the grinding roller 34 again and is normally formed. The staff no longer needs to stop the machine for processing, thereby improving the overall work efficiency.

[0062] After a certain amount of biomass fuel particles are prepared using the device, the staff shuts down the drive module and cleans the device in preparation for the subsequent use of the device to prepare biomass fuel particles.

[0063] Embodiment 2: Based on embodiment 1, Figure 2-Figure 5 As shown, it also includes: a material guide plate 8, two of which are centrally symmetrically distributed and are both fixed to the mounting shaft 5, and the two material guide plates 8 are staggered with the two grinding rollers 34; a movable sleeve 10, which is rotatably and slidably connected to the grinding disc 6, the movable sleeve 10 is spline-connected to the drive shaft 4, and the movable sleeve 10 is fixed to the cutting blade 32; a movable frame 9, two of which are centrally symmetrically distributed and are both arranged on the movable sleeve 10, and the movable frame 9 is slidably connected to the adjacent material guide plates 8; a second hydraulic telescopic rod 11, which is fixed to the mounting seat 2, the telescopic end of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11 passes through the fixed shell 3, the telescopic end of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11 is fixed with a connecting piece, and the connecting piece on the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11 is rotatably connected to the movable sleeve 10.

[0064] In the above scheme, the material guide plate 8 is used to pre-level the material entering the fixed shell 3; the movable frame 9 is composed of several vertically placed cylinders and a horizontally placed cylinder, and the specific number and spacing of the vertically placed cylinders can be selected by the staff according to actual usage requirements; initially, the cutting blade 32 is in contact with the grinding wheel 6.

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, the maximum moving distance of the movable sleeve 10 on the driving shaft 4 is A, the maximum distance of the grinding disc 6 on the fixed shell 3 is B, the minimum distance between the grinding disc 6 and the guide plate 8 is C, AB>C, ensuring that when the grinding disc 6 moves downward to the extreme position, the movable sleeve 10 can drive the movable frame 9 to move downward to a position in contact with the upper side of the grinding disc 6 (in the embodiment, neither the grinding disc 6 nor the movable sleeve 10 needs to move to the extreme position).

[0066] In this embodiment, the movable frame 9 is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve 10 .

[0067] The specific workflow of the above scheme is as follows:

[0068] During the rotation of the driving shaft 4, the driving shaft 4 drives the movable sleeve 10 and the cutting blade 32 to rotate synchronously. At the same time, the mounting shaft 5 drives the two guide plates 8 and the two movable frames 9 to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the two guide plates 8, the materials entering the fixed shell 3 are scraped and leveled to facilitate the subsequent extrusion of the grinding roller 34.

[0069] While the staff starts the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7, the staff starts the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11. The telescopic end of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11 drives the movable sleeve 10 and the cutting blade 32 to move downward synchronously through the connecting piece thereon. The movable sleeve 10 drives the two movable frames 9 to move downward synchronously. After the grinding disc 6 moves downward to the extreme position, the staff shuts down the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7 and continues to lower the height of the telescopic end of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11. When the lower sides of the two movable frames 9 move downward to contact the upper side of the grinding disc 6, the staff shuts down the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11.

[0070] After the two mobile frames 9 move downward to contact the grinding disc 6, the driving shaft 4 drives the two mobile frames 9 to rotate through the two material guide plates 8, and the two mobile frames 9 disturb the material on the grinding disc 6, so that the material moves through the gaps between the vertically placed cylinders on the mobile frames 9, thereby breaking up the material and making the material compacted by the grinding roller 34 loose again (reducing the probability of the material forming a hard lump or a hardened layer), thereby reducing the probability of the grinding roller 34 slipping during rotation.

[0071] After disturbing the material for a specified time, the staff starts the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7 and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11 in reverse, and the telescopic end of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11 drives the movable sleeve 10 to reset upward, thereby driving the two movable frames 9 to reset upward, and at the same time, the telescopic end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7 drives the grinding disc 6 to reset to the initial position. After the grinding disc 6 is reset to the initial position, the staff shuts down the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7. At this time, the movable sleeve 10 has not been reset to the initial position. After the movable sleeve 10 is reset to the initial position, the staff shuts down the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11 to continue to produce biomass fuel particles.

[0072] Embodiment 3: Based on embodiment 2, Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, it also includes: two scraper plates 12, which are symmetrically distributed at the center and are rotatably connected to adjacent moving frames 9 respectively. The scraper plates 12 and the adjacent moving frames 9 are fixedly connected with torsion springs 14. When the guide plate 8 contacts the adjacent scraper plates 12, the adjacent scraper plates 12 are limited.

[0073] In the above scheme, the scraper plate 12 is initially in contact with the adjacent guide plate 8 and is pressed by the lower side of the adjacent guide plate 8 toward the lower side; the torsion spring 14 is initially in a force storage state.

[0074] like Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, the two scraper plates 12 are both provided with inclined surfaces, which are used to clean and guide the materials attached to the upper side of the grinding disc 6 when the movable frame 9 disturbs the materials on the grinding disc 6. When the two scraper plates 12 are in a horizontal state, the lower edge line of the front scraper plate 12 is located on the right side of the adjacent guide plate 8, and the lower edge line of the rear scraper plate 12 is located on the left side of the adjacent guide plate 8.

[0075] The specific workflow of the above scheme is as follows:

[0076] In the process of the driving shaft 4 driving the two guide plates 8 to rotate through the mounting shaft 5, the guide plates 8 drive the adjacent scraper plates 12 to rotate synchronously through the adjacent moving frames 9. In the process of the moving sleeve 10 driving the two moving frames 9 to move downward, the two moving frames 9 respectively drive the adjacent scraper plates 12 to move downward synchronously. When the scraper plates 12 lose contact with the adjacent guide plates 8, the scraper plates 12 gradually rotate relative to the adjacent moving frames 9 under the action of the adjacent torsion springs 14. Even if the scraper plates 12 rotate from a vertical state to a horizontal state (with Figure 1 The front scraper plate 12 rotates counterclockwise and the rear scraper plate 12 rotates clockwise), until the scraper plate 12 rotates to a horizontal state, and the torsion spring 14 no longer stores force.

[0077] After the lower side of the rotating scraper plate 12 moves downward to contact the upper side of the grinding disc 6, the staff stops the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11, and the scraper plate 12 in a horizontal state scrapes and cleans the material attached to the grinding disc 6, and the cleaned material is guided by the inclined surface of the scraper plate 12 to move to the adjacent moving frame 9, so that part of the material passes through the gap between the vertically placed cylinders on the moving frame 9, further increasing the dispersion of the material.

[0078] During the reverse start-up of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11, the adjacent scraper plate 12 is driven by the mobile frame 9 to move upward synchronously. When the scraper plate 12 contacts the adjacent guide plate 8, the scraper plate 12 is squeezed by the adjacent guide plate 8 and rotates relative to the adjacent guide plate 8, so that the scraper plate 12 is rotated back to a vertical state (in this process, the adjacent torsion spring 14 is twisted again to store force) for subsequent use.

[0079] Embodiment 4: Based on embodiment 3, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, it also includes: two connecting columns 15 that are centrally symmetrically distributed and are respectively fixed to adjacent moving frames 9 . The connecting columns 15 are slidably connected to the moving sleeve 10 , and a tension spring 16 is fixed between the connecting columns 15 and the moving sleeve 10 .

[0080] The specific workflow of the above scheme is as follows:

[0081] During the downward movement of the movable sleeve 10, the movable sleeve 10 drives the connecting column 15 to move downward through the tension spring 16, and the connecting column 15 drives the adjacent movable frame 9 to move downward synchronously, until the movable sleeve 10 stops moving downward, and the connecting column 15 stops moving synchronously (during this process, the tension spring 16 is always in an unstretched state). During the process of the scraper plate 12 in the horizontal state cleaning the material adhered to the grinding disc 6, if the material adhered to the grinding disc 6 is too firm, the resistance provided by the impurities to the scraper plate 12 increases, so that the scraper plate 12 is subjected to the resistance and rotates in the opposite direction relative to the adjacent movable frame 9. (The front scraper plate 12 rotates clockwise, and the rear scraper plate 12 rotates counterclockwise), and the adjacent torsion spring 14 is twisted to store force. At the same time, during the reverse rotation of the scraper plate 12, the scraper plate 12 squeezes the adjacent moving frame 9, so that the moving frame 9 moves upward along the adjacent guide plate 8 relative to the moving sleeve 10, thereby driving the adjacent connecting column 15 to move upward relative to the moving sleeve 10, and stretching the adjacent tension spring 16 to store force, so that the scraper plate 12 scrapes and cleans this part of impurities layer by layer from top to bottom, thereby reducing the direct force between the scraper plate 12 and this part of the material, and extending the service life of the scraper plate 12.

[0082] After the scraper plate 12 passes through this part of the material, the scraper plate 12 rotates to the horizontal state again under the action of the adjacent torsion spring 14. At the same time, under the action of the tension spring 16, the scraper plate 12 contacts the upper side of the grinding disc 6 again at the lower side after rotation, thereby disturbing the material at the remaining position.

[0083] Embodiment 5: Based on embodiment 4, Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Fig. 9 As shown, it also includes: a first shielding member 17, which is fixed to the upper end of the driving shaft 4 and is rotatably connected to the material guide shell 31; a second shielding member 18, which is limitedly slidably connected to the first shielding member 17 and is rotatably connected to the material guide shell 31; a third shielding member 19, which is limitedly slidably connected to the second shielding member 18 and is rotatably connected to the material guide shell 31, and the third shielding member 19 is provided with an inclined surface for guiding the material when the material enters the fixed shell 3; a driving mechanism, which is arranged in the material guide shell 31, and the driving mechanism is used to change the flow area of ​​the through hole on the first shielding member 17 when the grinding disc 6 moves.

[0084] In the above scheme, the first shielding member 17, the second shielding member 18 and the third shielding member 19 are arranged in order from bottom to top, and the direction in which the second shielding member 18 can rotate on the first shielding member 17 and the direction in which the third shielding member 19 can rotate on the second shielding member 18 are opposite to the rotation direction of the drive shaft 4.

[0085] like Fig. 9 As shown, the first shielding member 17, the second shielding member 18 and the third shielding member 19 are all composed of centrally symmetrically distributed sector blocks and a circular ring, and the sector blocks are located in adjacent circular rings, and the circumferential angles corresponding to the three sector blocks are all equal to the angle between the central axis of the mounting shaft 5 and the scraper plate 12, and the angle is not less than 60°, and the maximum rotation angle of the second shielding member 18 on the first shielding member 17 and the maximum rotation angle of the second shielding member 18 on the third shielding member 19 are both equal to 60°, ensuring that the disc formed after the three rotate can completely block the through hole on the lower side of the guide shell 31.

[0086] like Fig. 9 As shown, the driving mechanism includes: a third hydraulic telescopic rod 20, fixedly connected in the material guide shell 31; a driving rod 21, rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the third hydraulic telescopic rod 20, a limiting groove 22 is arranged on the driving rod 21, the driving rod 21 passes through the second shielding member 18 and the third shielding member 19, and the driving rod 21 is spline-connected to the driving shaft 4; a limiting ball 23, fixedly connected to the third shielding member 19, and the limiting ball 23 is located in the limiting groove 22; a sealing member 24, fixedly connected between the third shielding member 19 and the driving rod 21, and the sealing member 24 is made of elastic deformable material.

[0087] In the above scheme, the projection of the limit groove 22 on the horizontal plane is arc-shaped, and the central angle of the arc is 120°; the seal 24 is used to block the limit groove 22 to prevent materials from entering the limit groove 22 and affecting the normal use of the limit groove 22.

[0088] The specific workflow of the above scheme is as follows:

[0089] During the rotation of the above-mentioned drive shaft 4, the drive shaft 4 drives the first shielding member 17 to rotate, the first shielding member 17 drives the second shielding member 18 to rotate, and the second shielding member 18 drives the third shielding member 19 to rotate. At the same time, the drive shaft 4 drives the drive rod 21 to rotate synchronously relative to the third hydraulic telescopic rod 20, and the inclined surface on the third shielding member 19 guides the material falling thereon, so that the material flows to between the front guide plate 8 and the right grinding roller 34 and the rear guide plate 8 and the left grinding roller 34.

[0090] When the staff starts the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7, the staff starts the third hydraulic telescopic rod 20 synchronously, and the telescopic end of the third hydraulic telescopic rod 20 drives the driving rod 21 to move downward, and the sealing member 24 is compressed and contracted. At the same time, in the process of the driving rod 21 moving downward, the limiting ball 23 is squeezed by the limiting groove 22 to drive the third shielding member 19 to rotate (with the third shielding member 19 rotating at the same time). Fig. 9 The top-down perspective in the figure is the reference perspective, and the rotation direction is clockwise), so that the third blocking member 19 is misaligned with the second blocking member 18. After the third blocking member 19 rotates 60°, the third blocking member 19 drives the second blocking member 18 to rotate synchronously. Until the second blocking member 18 rotates 60°, the first blocking member 17, the second blocking member 18 and the third blocking member 19 cooperate to block the material guide shell 31, reduce the volume of the material in the material guide shell 31 entering the fixed shell 3, thereby maintaining the stability of the material volume in the fixed shell 3, and reducing the risk of secondary accumulation of materials in the fixed shell 3 after the grinding disc 6 moves downward due to the continuous increase of materials in the fixed shell 3, aggravating the risk of material blocking the grinding disc 6, and at the same time causing the drive shaft 4 to drive the mounting shaft 5 to rotate after the grinding disc 6 moves upward. Increased resistance, resulting in an abnormal increase in the motor current in the drive module, and even triggering overload protection and shutdown.

[0091] After the telescopic end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7 drives the grinding disc 6 to return to the initial position, the staff starts the third hydraulic telescopic rod 20 in reverse, and the telescopic end of the third hydraulic telescopic rod 20 drives the other connections connected thereto to slowly return upward synchronously, so that the third shielding member 19 is slowly reset relative to the second shielding member 18. After the third shielding member 19 rotates in the opposite direction by 60°, the third shielding member 19 drives the second shielding member 18 to slowly return to the initial position together, so that the material can be moved normally into the fixed shell 3.

[0092] After a certain amount of biomass fuel particles are prepared using the device, the staff shuts down the drive module and cleans and maintains other parts on the device in preparation for the subsequent use of the device to prepare biomass fuel particles.

[0093] Embodiment 6: Based on embodiment 5, Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, a method for preparing biomass fuel particles, based on the above-mentioned device for preparing biomass fuel particles, comprises the following steps:

[0094] S1: Start the driving module, the driving module drives the driving shaft 4 to rotate, and the driving shaft 4 drives the mounting shaft 5, the cutting blade 32, the guide plate 8, the moving sleeve 10, the scraper plate 12 and the first shielding member 17 to rotate synchronously;

[0095] S2: The pre-treated material is transported into the material guide shell 31, and falls on the third shielding member 19 under the guidance of the material guide shell 31. Under the guidance of the third shielding member 19, the material moves into the fixed shell 3 and falls between the material guide plate 8 and the grinding roller 34;

[0096] S3: The rotating guide plate 8 pre-levels the material, and the grinding roller 34 and the grinding disc 6 squeeze the material together, so that the material passes through the granulation holes on the grinding disc 6, and the rotating cutting blade 32 cuts the material into particles of a specified length. The cut particles fall downward onto the guide disc 33, and are affected by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the guide disc 33, and move outward through the discharge port of the fixed shell 3;

[0097] S4: When the grinding roller 34 is stuck, the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7, the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11 and the third hydraulic telescopic rod 20 are started, and the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7 drives the grinding disc 6 to move downward to loosen the material; the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11 drives the movable sleeve 10 to move downward, so that the scraper plate 12 contacts the grinding disc 6, and the scraper plate 12 scrapes and scatters the material adhering to the grinding disc 6 during the rotation process; the third hydraulic telescopic rod 20 drives the driving rod 21 to move downward, so that the limiting ball 23 is squeezed by the limiting groove 22 to drive the third blocking member 19 to rotate, and the third blocking member 19 drives the second blocking member 18 to rotate, so as to block the material guide shell 31 and maintain the stability of the material volume in the fixed shell 3;

[0098] S5: Simultaneously reversely start the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11 and the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7, after the first hydraulic telescopic rod 7 drives the grinding disc 6 to reset to the initial position and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 11 drives the movable sleeve 10 to reset to the initial position, reversely start the third hydraulic telescopic rod 20, the third hydraulic telescopic rod 20 drives the driving rod 21 to reset, and the granulation process continues;

[0099] S6: After the preparation is completed, shut down the drive module.

[0100] While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments.The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions.

Claims

1. A biomass fuel particle preparation device, characterized in that: include: A bracket (1), wherein the bracket (1) is provided with a mounting seat (2); A fixed shell (3) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (2), a material guide shell (31) and a material outlet are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the fixed shell (3), and a cutting blade (32) is provided inside the fixed shell (3); A drive shaft (4) is rotatably connected to the mounting seat (2); the drive shaft (4) passes through the fixed shell (3) and is rotatably connected thereto; the bracket (1) is provided with a drive module for driving the drive shaft (4) to rotate; the drive shaft (4) is fixedly connected to a material guide plate (33) rotatably connected to the fixed shell (3); A mounting shaft (5) detachably connected to the driving shaft (4), wherein the mounting shaft (5) is rotatably connected to two grinding rollers (34) that are centrally symmetrically distributed; A grinding disc (6) is arranged on the driving shaft (4), the grinding disc (6) is sealingly and slidably connected to the fixed shell (3), the grinding disc (6) is provided with a plurality of granulation holes, and the grinding disc (6) is located below the mounting shaft (5); A first hydraulic telescopic rod (7) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (2); a telescopic end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod (7) passes through the fixed shell (3) and is fixedly connected to the grinding disc (6) via a connecting rod.

2. A biomass fuel particle preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that include: The guide plates (8) have two centrally symmetrically distributed plates, both of which are fixed to the mounting shaft (5), and the two guide plates (8) and the two grinding rollers (34) are staggeredly distributed; A movable sleeve (10) is rotatably and slidably connected to the grinding disc (6), the movable sleeve (10) is spline-connected to the driving shaft (4), and the movable sleeve (10) is fixedly connected to the cutting blade (32); Two movable racks (9) are centrally symmetrically distributed and are both arranged on the movable sleeve (10). The movable racks (9) are slidably connected to the adjacent guide plates (8); The second hydraulic telescopic rod (11) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (2), the telescopic end of the second hydraulic telescopic rod (11) passes through the fixed shell (3), the telescopic end of the second hydraulic telescopic rod (11) is fixedly connected with a connecting piece, and the connecting piece on the second hydraulic telescopic rod (11) is rotatably connected to the movable sleeve (10).

3. A biomass fuel particle preparation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The maximum moving distance of the movable sleeve (10) on the driving shaft (4) is A, the maximum distance of the grinding disc (6) on the fixed shell (3) is B, the minimum distance between the grinding disc (6) and the guide plate (8) is C, and AB>C.

4. A biomass fuel particle preparation device according to claim 3, characterized in that include: The scraper plates (12) have two centrally symmetrically distributed ones, which are rotatably connected to the adjacent moving frames (9) respectively. The scraper plates (12) and the adjacent moving frames (9) are fixedly connected with a torsion spring (14) together. When the guide plate (8) contacts the adjacent scraper plates (12), the adjacent scraper plates (12) are limited in position.

5. A biomass fuel particle preparation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two scraper plates (12) are both provided with an inclined surface for cleaning and guiding the material adhering to the upper side of the grinding disc (6) when the movable frame (9) disturbs the material on the grinding disc (6).

6. A biomass fuel particle preparation device according to claim 5, characterized in that include: The connecting column (15) has two centrally symmetrically distributed ones, which are respectively fixed to the adjacent movable frames (9); the connecting column (15) is slidably connected to the movable sleeve (10), and a tension spring (16) is fixed between the connecting column (15) and the movable sleeve (10).

7. A biomass fuel particle preparation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: include: A first shielding member (17) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the driving shaft (4) and is rotatably connected to the material guide shell (31); A second shielding member (18) is connected to the first shielding member (17) in a limited sliding manner and is rotatably connected to the material guide shell (31); a third shielding member (19) which is limitedly slidably connected to the second shielding member (18) and is rotatably connected to the material guide shell (31); the third shielding member (19) is provided with an inclined surface for guiding the material when the material enters the fixed shell (3); A driving mechanism is arranged in the material guide shell (31), and is used to change the flow area of ​​the through hole on the first shielding member (17) when the grinding disc (6) moves.

8. A biomass fuel particle preparation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first shielding member (17), the second shielding member (18) and the third shielding member (19) are all composed of centrally symmetrically distributed sector blocks and a circular ring, and the circumferential angles corresponding to the three sector blocks are all equal to the angle between the central axis of the mounting shaft (5) and the scraper plate (12), and the angle is not less than 60°, and the maximum rotation angle of the second shielding member (18) on the first shielding member (17) and the maximum rotation angle of the second shielding member (18) on the third shielding member (19) are both equal to 60°.

9. A biomass fuel particle preparation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises: A third hydraulic telescopic rod (20) is fixedly connected in the material guide housing (31); A driving rod (21) is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the third hydraulic telescopic rod (20), a limiting groove (22) is provided on the driving rod (21), the driving rod (21) passes through the second shielding member (18) and the third shielding member (19), and the driving rod (21) is spline-connected to the driving shaft (4); a limiting ball (23) is fixedly connected to the third shielding member (19), and the limiting ball (23) is located in the limiting groove (22); A sealing member (24) is fixedly connected between the third shielding member (19) and the driving rod (21), and the sealing member (24) is made of an elastic and deformable material.

10. A method for preparing biomass fuel particles, characterized in that: According to the biomass fuel particle preparation device of claim 9, the steps are as follows: S1: starting the driving module, the driving module drives the driving shaft (4) to rotate, and the driving shaft (4) drives the mounting shaft (5), the cutting blade (32), the guide plate (8), the moving sleeve (10), the scraper plate (12) and the first shielding member (17) to rotate synchronously; S2: The pre-treated material is transported into the material guide shell (31), and falls on the third shielding member (19) under the guidance of the material guide shell (31). Under the guidance of the third shielding member (19), the material moves into the fixed shell (3) and falls between the material guide plate (8) and the grinding roller (34); S3: The rotating guide plate (8) pre-levels the material, and the grinding roller (34) and the grinding disc (6) squeeze the material together, so that the material passes through the granulation holes on the grinding disc (6), and the rotating cutting blade (32) cuts the material into particles of a specified length. The cut particles fall downward onto the guide disc (33) and are affected by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the guide disc (33) and move outward through the discharge port of the fixed shell (3); S4: When the grinding roller (34) is stuck, the first hydraulic telescopic rod (7), the second hydraulic telescopic rod (11) and the third hydraulic telescopic rod (20) are started, and the first hydraulic telescopic rod (7) drives the grinding disc (6) to move downward to loosen the material; the second hydraulic telescopic rod (11) drives the movable sleeve (10) to move downward to make the scraper plate (12) contact with the grinding disc (6), and the scraper plate (12) scrapes and scatters the material adhering to the grinding disc (6) during the rotation process; the third hydraulic telescopic rod (20) drives the driving rod (21) to move downward, so that the limiting ball (23) is squeezed by the limiting groove (22) to drive the third blocking member (19) to rotate, and the third blocking member (19) drives the second blocking member (18) to rotate, thereby blocking the material guide shell (31) and maintaining the stability of the material volume in the fixed shell (3); S5: simultaneously starting the second hydraulic telescopic rod (11) and the first hydraulic telescopic rod (7) in reverse, after which the first hydraulic telescopic rod (7) drives the grinding disc (6) to return to the initial position and the second hydraulic telescopic rod (11) drives the movable sleeve (10) to return to the initial position, starting the third hydraulic telescopic rod (20) in reverse, and the third hydraulic telescopic rod (20) drives the driving rod (21) to return to the initial position, and the granulation process continues; S6: After the preparation is completed, shut down the drive module.

Images