Method and device for feeding and discharging materials into and out of warehouse

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of bins. The material in-warehouse and out-warehouse method comprises a material in-warehouse method and a material out-warehouse method. The material warehousing method comprises the following steps: (1-1) assigning a feeding starting position and a feeding stopping position of the unloading vehicle in a single stock bin compartment; (1-2) the slicking machine ascends; starting a slicking machine, and feeding; (1-3) in the feeding process, the middle of the slicking machine firstly makes contact with materials, and the slicking machine firstly scrapes the materials towards the non-discharging scraper blade side till the non-discharging scraper blade side of the slicking machine is covered with the materials; the slicking machine rotates reversely, and the slicking machine scrapes materials towards the discharging scraper blade side until the discharging scraper blade side of the slicking machine is covered with the materials; and (1-4) the slicking machine is lifted upwards, the step (1-3) is repeated, the discharging trolley moves forwards immediately, the slicking machine moves forwards transversely, the step (1-3) is repeated, and then the step (1-4) is repeated. The invention also discloses a device for realizing the method. The device is used for solving the technical problems that an existing slicking machine is manually operated, the feeding action is often broken, and impact on front-end feeding equipment and the technological process is large.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of silos, and in particular relates to a method for material entering and exiting a silo, and a device for implementing the method. Background Art

[0002] The main body of the scraper consists of a middle truss structure, a head, a tail, a middle support rail, and a scraper chain for scraping and transporting materials. The head or tail is equipped with a drive motor, which drives the scraper chain to make a circular motion around the head and tail sprockets through the head and tail sprockets. The scraper is generally suspended by a crane hook. When working, the scraper chain at the bottom of the scraper contacts the material and "scrapes" the material away. When the material layer height decreases, the scraper will slowly move downward, upward, left or right to a new working position under the traction of the crane on it, and continue to scrape and transport the material.

[0003] The scraper is a device used for materials to enter and exit the bunker. When entering the bunker, the scraper can "scrape" the pile of materials piled in one place and spread the materials out to greatly increase the filling coefficient of the bunker and improve the utilization rate of the bunker. When leaving the bunker, the scraper is used to scrape the materials to the discharging scraper on one side of the bunker to improve the discharging efficiency.

[0004] The scraping process of the scraper is currently generally operated in manual remote control mode. During manual remote control, people in the control loop make corresponding equipment operation judgments by observing the material accumulation situation with their eyes, and then control the operation of the equipment through the remote control in the hands of the operator. The general operation process is as follows: 1. During manual operation, the conveyor is used to feed the material first. At this time, the scraper is in the non-feeding position, as follows: 2. After the feeding stage is temporarily completed, stop feeding, move the scraper to the feeding position, and start the scraping action as follows: 3. After scraping and leveling, determine whether the material level has reached the expected level. If more material needs to be fed, repeat the feeding and scraping actions of processes 1 and 2.

[0005] From the above process, it can be seen that the main disadvantages of manual operation include: 1. The overall work efficiency is low, which is not conducive to improving the turnover efficiency of the silo; 2. The feeding action is often interrupted, which has a great impact on the front-end feeding equipment and process flow; 3. There is a lot of dust in the silo, which is not conducive to the health of the operator; 4. The skill requirements for the operator are high, and personnel training is difficult; 5. The operator's negligence can easily lead to safety problems, or material loss or equipment damage such as mixing; 6. The main advantage of manual remote control operation is that the control logic is relatively simple. Summary of the invention

[0006] The first purpose of the present invention is to provide a material in-and-out method to solve the technical problems that the existing scraper is manually operated, the overall working efficiency is low, the feeding action is often interrupted, and the impact on the front-end feeding equipment and process flow is large.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the material in-and-out method is realized by using a scraper and a discharger, and the lateral movement of the scraper is realized by using a crane. The method is characterized in that the method includes a material in-and-out method and a material out-and-out method; The material warehousing method comprises: When setting the feeding, the feeding and unloading vehicle moves horizontally per unit distance W 横移进 ; When setting the feeding, the unit distance of the crane's horizontal movement is W 横移进 ; Set the highest limit position G of the scraper 刮 , minimum limit position D 刮 ; Set the unit distance of the scraper rising or falling to H 单距 ; The width of the scraper is L3; Set the highest material level position G in the silo 料； (1-1) Specify the starting and ending feeding positions of the unloading vehicle in a single silo compartment; first lift the scraper to the highest limit position G 刮 , then move the unloading car horizontally to the feeding position, and move the scraper horizontally to a distance L1 from the unloading car; the scraper then descends to the position where there is material or the lower limit position D 刮 , that is, the starting working position of the scraper. After ensuring that the scraper is in the correct position and the material is correct, the feeding mechanism starts feeding; (1-2) The scraper rises at least one unit distance H 单距 , until there is no material at the left end, right end and middle of the scraper; turn on the scraper, and the feeding mechanism starts feeding; (1-3) When feeding, the middle part of the scraper contacts the material first, and the scraper first scrapes the material toward the non-discharging scraper side until the non-discharging scraper side of the scraper is covered by the material; the scraper reverses, and the scraper scrapes the material toward the discharging scraper side until the discharging scraper side of the scraper is covered by the material; (1-4) The scraper is lifted up a unit distance H 单距 Repeat steps (1-3) until the machine stops automatically or the scraper rises to the highest material level position G 料 , the unloading vehicle moves horizontally to the feeding stop position by a unit distance W 横移进 , while moving, the feeding process continues, and the scraper is at the highest material level position G 料 After finishing scraping the material to the non-discharging scraper side and the discharging scraper side, the scraper moves horizontally to the feeding stop position by a unit distance W. 横移进When the scraper moves horizontally, it is in the state of scraping materials toward the discharging scraper side without stopping; (1-5) After the scraper moves to the new working position, the scraper turns to scrape the material toward the non-discharging scraper side and repeats steps (1-3), and then repeats steps (1-4) until the unloading vehicle moves horizontally to the feed stop position or stops.

[0008] The present invention improves the overall working efficiency and can effectively improve the storage capacity and turnover efficiency of the silo. The present invention has a continuous feeding process and avoids the impact on the front-end feeding equipment.

[0009] To solve H 单距、 W 横移进 How to achieve the technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, the H 单距 is 30-150mm; said W 横移进 It is L3.

[0010] In order to solve the technical problem of how to implement the material out-of-warehouse method, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, and the material out-of-warehouse method includes: Set the unit distance of the discharging crane to W 横移出 : (2-1) Specify the starting and ending discharging positions of the scraper in a single silo compartment, and raise the scraper to the highest limit position G. 刮 , then move horizontally to the discharge position; start the scraper; (2-2) The scraper starts to descend until there is material at the left end, right end or middle of the scraper, then the scraper stops descending; the scraper scrapes the material toward the discharge port until there is no material at the left end, right end or middle of the scraper, then the scraper continues to descend a unit distance H 单距 , and stop descending, and keep scraping in the process until the scraper descends to the lower limit position D 刮 ; (2-3) The scraper rises upward and then moves horizontally to the discharge stop position W 横移出 , repeat step (2-2), and keep the scraper running during the descent; (2-4) Repeat steps (2-3) until the scraper runs to the lower limit position D of the final discharge position. 刮 , and there is no material covering the two ends and the middle of the scraper, so the bottom material is cleaned.

[0011] In order to solve the technical problem of how to discharge materials prone to arching, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: for materials prone to arching, the scraper is raised upward to the highest material level position G 料 , then move W 横移出 , W 横移出 It is L3.

[0012] In order to solve the technical problem of how to remove materials with good fluidity, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: for materials with good fluidity, the scraper rises H 单距 , and keep the height, the scraper moves horizontally W 横移出 , W 横移出 It is half the width of the scraper. At this time, at least one of the left end, right end and middle part of the scraper should be covered by the material. The scraper continues to discharge materials until there is no material on the left end, right end and middle part of the scraper. The scraper goes down a unit distance to the bottom. When the scraper reaches the left, right and middle ends, there is no signal, indicating that the bottom material has been cleaned. Repeat steps (2-3) until the scraper reaches the lower limit position D of the final discharge position. 刮 or downtime.

[0013] In order to solve the technical problem of no material after the scraper is lifted, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, in the steps (1-3): if the scraper is lifted upward by a unit distance H, and the left end, right end and middle part of the scraper are not covered by material within time T1, the scraper issues a no material alarm until there is a material signal again.

[0014] The second object of the present invention is to provide a device for implementing any of the above-mentioned methods for material entering and exiting a warehouse, comprising a scraper, a crane, a crane track, a discharger, and a discharger track, wherein: Limit switches 1 are respectively arranged on both sides of the unloading vehicle track; the starting and stopping feeding positions are located at any position between the two limit switches 1; An incremental encoder 1 is arranged on the rotating shaft of the unloading vehicle, for obtaining the moving distance of the unloading vehicle relative to the corresponding material position base point 1; A plurality of proximity switches 1 are arranged along the length direction on the unloading vehicle track between the two limit switches 1 as material level base points 1; the proximity switches 1 are used to correct the error of the encoder 1; Limit switches 2 are respectively arranged on both sides of the driving track; An incremental encoder 2 is provided on the crane shaft to obtain the moving distance of the crane relative to the corresponding material level base point 2; A plurality of proximity switches 2 are arranged along the length direction on the driving track between the two limit switches 2 as material level base points 2; the proximity switches 2 are used to correct the error of the encoder 1; The winch is provided with encoder 3 for obtaining the height of the scraper; The non-discharging scraper side, the middle part and the discharging scraper side of the scraper are respectively provided with a material level switch B, a material level switch A and a material level switch C.

[0015] In order to solve the technical problems that the existing scraper level switch adopts a single radar type, which is high in cost and inaccurate, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, wherein the level switch A, the level switch B and the level switch C are all ultrasonic level switches. The present invention adopts 3 ultrasonic types, which have high accuracy.

[0016] The lateral position detection of the vehicle is usually equipped with an inductive sensor on the track where the vehicle passes. When the vehicle passes, the inductive sensor is triggered and the position is synchronously displayed in the control system. The placement distance of the inductive sensor is generally 3-5m. This method cannot accurately pre-set the vehicle position, nor can it accurately control the unloading position, which is not conducive to automated operation.

[0017] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the number of the proximity switches 1 is 10, and the interval between the proximity switches 1 is 5m; The number of the proximity switches 2 is 10, and the interval between the proximity switches 2 is 5m.

[0018] The present invention adopts the method of encoder + safety limit switches at both ends of the guide rail + middle position correction switch, which can accurately know the position of the crane on the track, and keep the encoder corrected by the position correction switches at 1-2 points in the middle to ensure the correct position. The safety limit switches at both ends ensure that the crane will not slide off the track. The lateral movement position detection of the crane adopts the encoder type, and the position feedback is accurate, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of the warehouse capacity.

[0019] In order to solve the technical problem of material level switch failure, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: when feeding, a delay control or a current over-limit control is set on the material level switch B / C; When there is no signal from the material level switch B / C, that is, the material level switch B / C fails, the delay control or current over-limit control is triggered, and an abnormal alarm is issued; The delay control is: setting the delay time to T 延 , the material level switch B / C has no signal, and the scraper operation time is greater than the delay time T 延 After that, an abnormal alarm is issued, and then the scraper reverses; The current over-limit control is as follows: setting the over-limit current I max , the material level switch B / C has no signal, and the scraper operating current exceeds the maximum current I max After that, an abnormal alarm is issued and the scraper reverses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic longitudinal section diagram of a single bin of the silo of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a single bin of the silo of the present invention; Figure 3It is the feeding status diagram of the existing silo; Figure 4 It is a feeding state diagram of the silo of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram of the discharging state of the silo of the present invention; Figure 6a It is a front view of the scraper of the present invention; Figure 6b It is a side view of the scraper of the present invention; Figure 6c It is a three-dimensional diagram of the scraper of the present invention; Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material blocking switch of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 7b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material blocking switch of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material level switch of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-chain break switch of the present invention; In the figure: 100 scraping mechanism; 110 scraping machine; 120 crane; 130 truss; 140 winch; 150 crane lateral movement motor; 160 wire rope; 170 crane track; 200 unloading truck; 310 discharge hopper; 320 discharge conveying equipment; 400 silo single warehouse; 401 silo floor; 402 wall; 500 materials; 610 material level switch A; 611 switch bracket; 612 material level switch; 620 material level switch B; 630 material level switch C; 710 anti-chain break switch 1; 711 switch bracket, 712 monitoring switch; 720 anti-chain break switch 2; 800 blocking switch; 801 switch bracket; 802 anti-blocking switch; 803 anti-blocking leather cup. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the silo 400 includes a silo floor 401 and a wall 402. A discharge port is arranged on one side of the silo floor 401. A discharge hopper 310 is installed on the discharge port. A discharge conveying device 320 is installed on the discharge hopper 310.

[0023] like Figure 3As shown, a material in-and-out device is arranged in the silo 400, including a scraper 100 and a discharger 200. The discharger 200 moves transversely on the discharger track.

[0024] like Figure 6a , Figure 6b , Figure 6c As shown, the scraping mechanism 100 includes a scraping machine 110 , a crane 120 , a truss 130 , a winch 140 , a crane transverse movement motor 150 , a steel wire rope 160 , and a crane track 170 .

[0025] In order to ensure the safe use of the equipment, corresponding safety protection measures are provided, mainly including: like Figure 1-2 As shown, the unloading car moves horizontally: limit switches are set on both sides of the unloading car track, corresponding to Figure 1 The solid line limit material level in the figure. The starting and ending feeding positions are located at any position between the two limit switches.

[0026] An incremental encoder 1 is arranged on the rotating shaft of the unloading vehicle for obtaining the moving distance of the unloading vehicle relative to the corresponding material level base point 1. Several proximity switches are arranged along the length direction on the unloading vehicle track between the two limit switches. Figure 1 The calibration material level represented by the solid line in the middle) is used as the material level base point 1. The proximity switch 1 is used to correct the error of the encoder 1. Preferably, the number of the proximity switches 1 is 10, and the interval between the proximity switches 1 is 5m.

[0027] Specifically, several (5m×10) proximity switches are configured along the length as the material level base point, and an incremental encoder is configured on the rotating shaft of the unloading vehicle to know the moving distance of the unloading vehicle relative to the material level base point. Limit sensors are configured at both ends of the unloading vehicle track, and mechanical limit buffers are configured.

[0028] Crane lateral movement: two limit switches are set on both sides of the driving track, corresponding to Figure 1 The dotted line in the figure represents the limit material level. An incremental encoder 2 is arranged on the rotating shaft of the horizontal moving motor of the crane to obtain the moving distance of the crane relative to the corresponding material level base point 2.

[0029] Several proximity switches 2 are arranged along the length direction of the driving track between the two limit switches 2 (corresponding to Figure 1 The dotted line in the figure represents the calibration material level), as the material level base point 2; the proximity switch 2 is used to correct the error of the encoder 1. Preferably, the number of the proximity switches 2 is 10, and the interval between the proximity switches 2 is 5m.

[0030] Specifically, several (5m×10) proximity switches are configured along the length as the material level base point, and an incremental encoder is configured on the crane shaft to know the moving distance of the crane relative to the material level base point. Limit sensors are configured at both ends of the crane, and mechanical limit buffers are configured.

[0031] The present invention adopts the method of encoder 2 + safety limit switches at both ends of the guide rail + middle position correction switch (proximity switch 2) to realize the lateral movement position detection of the driving vehicle, which can accurately know the position of the driving vehicle on the track, and keep the encoder corrected by the position correction switch of 1-2 points in the middle to ensure the correct position. The safety limit switches at both ends ensure that the driving vehicle will not slide off the track. The lateral movement position detection of the driving vehicle adopts the encoder type, and the position feedback is accurate, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of the warehouse capacity.

[0032] Scraper lifting: two electric hoists act simultaneously (during the debugging stage, the two electric hoists can be controlled separately), and the electric hoist has a built-in high limit G 刮 and low limit D 刮 . The winch is equipped with encoder 3 to know the height of the scraper in real time. The scraper height position detection, the present invention sets encoder 3 on the winch, adopts encoder 3 + high and low limit switches, can accurately know the height of the scraper, and the high and low limit switches at both ends can be used to correct the encoder in time and prevent damage to the equipment. The present invention adopts an encoder type, and has high and low limits, which is safer to use.

[0033] like Figure 6a As shown, the non-discharging scraper side, the middle part, and the discharging scraper side of the scraper are respectively installed with a material level switch B 620, a material level switch A 610, and a material level switch C 630. The material level switches A, B, and C adopt ultrasonic form, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, it includes a switch bracket 611 and a level switch 612. Three ultrasonic level switches have high accuracy. The level switch can be used to evaluate the material condition at the bottom of the scraper and provide material information for the operation of the equipment. The level switch of the present invention uses an ultrasonic sensor, which has the characteristics of high sensitivity, no dust influence, accurate distance sensing, and each device is equipped with three, which has higher reliability and the total cost is equivalent to a radar level.

[0034] like Figure 6a As shown, a material blocking switch 800 is arranged near the material level switch A 610, which is used for emergency shutdown when the equipment is buried due to material collapse. The present invention arranges a material blocking switch 800 on the upper part of the scraper. Figure 7a , Figure 7bAs shown, the blocking switch 800 includes a switch bracket 801, an anti-blocking switch 802, and an anti-blocking leather cup 803. The anti-blocking switch is an inductive structure. When the material accumulates or collapses to the upper part of the scraper and triggers the blocking switch, the equipment stops working. The main purpose is to avoid further damage to the equipment when the equipment continues to work when it is blocked or pressed by the material. The inductive structure + leather cup mechanism effectively avoids false alarms caused by dust in high-dust application environments.

[0035] Chain speed measuring devices are installed on both sides of the upper part of the scraper head to directly test the number of scraper blades. Figure 6a As shown, the present invention is equipped with a first anti-chain break switch 710 and a second anti-chain break switch 720 on the scraper. The first anti-chain break switch 710 and the second anti-chain break switch 720 are both inductive sensors installed on both sides of the equipment. Fig. 9 As shown, the first anti-chain break switch 710 and the second anti-chain break switch 720 include a switch bracket 711 and a monitoring switch 712. When each scraper blade passes, a count is performed. If problems such as scraper blade falling off or chain breaking occur, the information collected by the two sensors will be deviated or the data will be interrupted, and it can be determined that there is a problem with the chain part.

[0036] An angle sensor is arranged in the middle of the scraper for shaking control. The present invention places a special angle sensor in the middle of the scraper to monitor the swing angle of the scraper. When the limit value is exceeded, the equipment is stopped. The main purpose is to avoid excessive shaking of the equipment, which may cause safety problems such as equipment overturning or wire rope overload.

[0037] The material storage method is realized by using a scraper and a discharger. The horizontal movement of the scraper is realized by a crane, including: When setting the feeding, the feeding and unloading vehicle moves horizontally per unit distance W 横移进 ; When setting the feeding, the unit distance of the crane's horizontal movement is W 横移进 ; Set the highest limit position G of the scraper 刮 , minimum limit position D 刮 ; Set the unit distance of the scraper rising or falling to H 单距 ; The width of the scraper is L3; Set the highest material level position G in the silo 料； (1-1) Specify the starting and ending feeding positions of the unloading vehicle in a single silo compartment; first lift the scraper to the highest limit position G 刮 , then move the unloading car horizontally to the feeding position, and move the scraper horizontally to a distance L1 from the unloading car; the scraper then descends to the position where there is material or the lower limit position D 刮, that is, the starting working position of the scraper (at this time, the distance between the scraper and the wallboard is L2). After ensuring that the position of the scraper is correct and the material is correct, the feeding mechanism starts feeding; (1-2) The scraper rises at least one unit distance H 单距 , until there is no material at the left end, right end and middle of the scraper; turn on the scraper, and the feeding mechanism starts feeding; (1-3) When feeding, the middle part of the scraper contacts the material first, and the scraper first scrapes the material toward the non-discharging scraper side until the non-discharging scraper side of the scraper is covered by the material; the scraper reverses, and the scraper scrapes the material toward the discharging scraper side until the discharging scraper side of the scraper is covered by the material; (1-4) The scraper is lifted up a unit distance H 单距 Repeat steps (1-3) until the machine stops automatically or the scraper rises to the highest material level position G 料 , the unloading vehicle moves horizontally to the feeding stop position by a unit distance W 横移进 , while moving, the feeding process continues, and the scraper is at the highest material level position G 料 After finishing scraping the material on the non-discharging scraper side and the discharging scraper side, the scraper moves horizontally to the feeding stop position by a unit distance W. 横移进 When the scraper moves horizontally, it is in the state of scraping materials toward the discharging scraper side without stopping; (1-5) After the scraper moves to the new working position, the scraper turns to scrape the material toward the non-discharging scraper side and repeats steps (1-3), and then repeats steps (1-4) until the unloading vehicle moves horizontally to the feed stop position or stops.

[0038] H 单距 Preferably 30-150 mm. 横移进 Preferred is L3.

[0039] The specific feeding process is: 1. The customer specifies the starting and ending feeding points (material level base points) (cross-compartment designation is not allowed). The scraper should first be lifted to the high limit position, and then moved horizontally to the specified position with the unloading vehicle. The scraper then drops to the lowest point (driving low limit signal). If there is material at this position, any signal from the material level switch A\B\C on the scraper indicates that the scraper has dropped to the lowest point. After the scraper reaches the position, manual confirmation is required to ensure that the position is correct and the material 500 is correct (to prevent mixing). After confirmation and clicking the start button, the system starts feeding; 2. The scraper rises a unit distance (adjustable, 30-150mm) to make sure that the material level switches are out of the material. Otherwise, it continues to rise a unit distance. Too much rise indicates a switch problem. Start the scraper and the belt conveyor starts feeding. 3. When feeding, the material level switch A should first have a signal feedback, and the scraper will scrape the material to the left (towards the non-discharging scraper side) until the material level switch B has a signal, and the scraper will reverse until the material level switch C has a model; 4. The scraper is lifted up by one unit distance, and step 3 is repeated. If the scraper is lifted up by one unit and there is no material signal at the three material levels for a long time (1 minute, adjustable), the scraper will issue a no material alarm until there is a material signal again; 5. Until the customer stops the machine on his own initiative, or the scraper rises to the high material level position, the unloading vehicle immediately moves forward horizontally by a unit distance (set to 1m according to the width of the scraper, adjustable). During the movement, the feeding process continues. After the scraper completes the left and right scraping at the high material level position, the scraper also moves forward horizontally by a unit distance. During the horizontal movement, the scraper is in the right scraping (scraping towards the discharging scraper) open state without stopping; 6. After moving to the new working position, the scraper turns to the left to scrape the material and repeats step 3, and then repeats step 5 until it stops or touches the limit switches at both ends of the track.

[0040] In one embodiment, in step 3, when feeding, a delay control or a current over-limit control is also set on the material level switch B / C; When there is no signal from the material level switch B / C, that is, the material level switch B / C fails, the delay control or current over-limit control is triggered, and an abnormal alarm is issued; The delay control is: setting the delay time to T 延 , the material level switch B / C has no signal, and the scraper operation time is greater than the delay T 延 After that, an abnormal alarm is issued, and then the scraper reverses; The current over-limit control is as follows: setting the over-limit current I max , the material level switch B / C has no signal, and the scraper operating current exceeds the maximum current I max After that, an abnormal alarm is issued and the scraper reverses.

[0041] Material out of warehouse method, including: Set the unit distance of the discharging crane to W 横移出 : (2-1) Specify the starting and ending discharging positions of the scraper in a single silo compartment, and raise the scraper to the highest limit position G. 刮 , then move horizontally to the discharge position; start the scraper; (2-2) The scraper starts to descend until there is material at the left end, right end or middle of the scraper, then the scraper stops descending; the scraper scrapes the material toward the discharge port until there is no material at the left end, right end or middle of the scraper, then the scraper continues to descend a unit distance H 单距 , and stop descending, and keep scraping in the process until the scraper descends to the lower limit position D刮 ; (2-3) The scraper rises upward and then moves horizontally to the discharge stop position W 横移出 , repeat step (2-2), and keep the scraper running during the descent; (2-4) Repeat steps (2-3) until the scraper runs to the lower limit position D of the final discharge position. 刮 , and there is no material covering the two ends and the middle of the scraper, so the bottom material is cleaned. In one embodiment, for materials that are prone to arching, the scraper is raised to the highest material level position G. 料 , then move W 横移出 , W 横移出 Specifically, the discharging process 1 of the material prone to arching is: 1. The customer specifies the starting and ending discharging positions (specification across compartments is not allowed), the scraper is lifted to the high limit position, then moves horizontally to the specified position, starts the scraper, and starts to descend; 2. When any switch of material level A / B / C has material signal, the scraper stops descending. When there is no material level signal from material level switch A / B / C, the scraper continues to descend a unit distance and stops descending. During the process, the scraper keeps the material scraping state until the scraper descends to the lower limit. 3. For materials that are easy to arch, the scraper is raised to the high material level position, and then moved horizontally by a scraper width (1m, adjustable), and the scraper begins to descend. During the process, the scraper keeps running, and then step 2 is repeated.

[0043] In one embodiment, for materials with good fluidity, the scraper rises H 单距 , and keep the height, the scraper moves horizontally W 横移出 , W 横移出 It is half the width of the scraper. At this time, at least one of the left end, right end and middle part of the scraper should be covered by the material. The scraper continues to discharge materials until there is no material on the left end, right end and middle part of the scraper. The scraper goes down a unit distance to the bottom. When the scraper reaches the left, right and middle ends, there is no signal, indicating that the bottom material has been cleaned. Repeat steps (2-3) until the scraper reaches the lower limit position D of the final discharge position. 刮 or downtime.

[0044] Specifically, the discharging process 2 of materials with good fluidity is: 1. The customer specifies the starting and ending discharging positions (specification across compartments is not allowed), the scraper is lifted to the high limit position, then moves horizontally to the specified position, starts the scraper, and starts to descend; 2. When any switch of material level A / B / C has material signal, the scraper stops descending. When there is no material level signal from material level switch A / B / C, the scraper continues to descend a unit distance and stops descending. During the process, the scraper keeps the material scraping state until the scraper descends to the lower limit. 3. For materials with good fluidity, the scraper rises a unit distance and maintains the height, and moves horizontally. Each horizontal movement distance is controlled at half the width of the scraper (about 500mm, adjustable). At this time, at least one of the three material levels should be able to sense the material, and the scraper continues to discharge until there is no signal at the material level; 4. The scraper goes down a unit distance to the bottom. There is no signal when scraping to 3 material levels, indicating that the bottom material has been cleaned. Repeat step 3 until the equipment moves to the end of the track to trigger the limit, or the customer stops the machine.

[0045] The present invention realizes the automatic control of the scraper, specifically: 1. Improve the overall work efficiency and effectively increase the storage capacity and turnover efficiency of the silo; 2. The feeding process is continuous, avoiding the impact on the front-end feeding equipment; 3. No personnel are required to enter the silo to avoid damage to the health of operators; 4. Avoid equipment problems or safety issues caused by operator errors; 5. Avoid high skill requirements for personnel.

[0046] The above-mentioned implementation modes are only for illustrating the technical features and concepts of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable technicians familiar with this technology in the field to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them. They cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and implementation modes of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The material in and out of the warehouse is realized by using a scraper and a discharger. The horizontal movement of the scraper is realized by a crane. Its characteristics are: The method includes a material entry method and a material exit method; The material warehousing method comprises: When setting the feeding, the feeding and unloading vehicle moves horizontally per unit distance W 横移进 ; When setting the feeding, the unit distance of the crane's horizontal movement is W. 横移进 ; Set the highest limit position G of the scraper 刮 , minimum limit position D 刮 ; Set the unit distance of the scraper rising or falling to H 单距 ; The width of the scraper is L3; Set the highest material level position G in the silo 料； (1-1) Specify the starting and ending feeding positions of the unloading vehicle in a single silo compartment; first lift the scraper to the highest limit position G 刮 , then move the unloading car horizontally to the feeding position, and move the scraper horizontally to a distance L1 from the unloading car; the scraper then descends to the position where there is material or the lower limit position D 刮 , that is, the starting working position of the scraper. After ensuring that the scraper is in the correct position and the material is correct, the feeding mechanism starts feeding; (1-2) The scraper rises at least one unit distance H 单距 , until there is no material at the left end, right end and middle of the scraper; turn on the scraper, and the feeding mechanism starts feeding; (1-3) When feeding, the middle part of the scraper contacts the material first, and the scraper first scrapes the material toward the non-discharging scraper side until the non-discharging scraper side of the scraper is covered by the material; the scraper reverses, and the scraper scrapes the material toward the discharging scraper side until the discharging scraper side of the scraper is covered by the material; (1-4) The scraper is lifted up a unit distance H 单距 Repeat steps (1-3) until the machine stops automatically or the scraper rises to the highest material level position G 料 , the unloading vehicle moves horizontally to the feeding stop position by a unit distance W 横移进 , while moving, the feeding process continues, and the scraper is at the highest material level position G 料 After finishing scraping the material on the non-discharging scraper side and the discharging scraper side, the scraper moves horizontally to the feeding stop position by a unit distance W. 横移进 When the scraper moves horizontally, it is in the state of scraping materials toward the discharging scraper side without stopping; (1-5) After the scraper moves to the new working position, the scraper turns to scrape the material toward the non-discharging scraper side and repeats steps (1-3), and then repeats steps (1-4) until the unloading vehicle moves horizontally to the feed stop position or stops.

2. The material in-and-out warehouse method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The H 单距 is 30-150mm; said W 横移进 It is L3.

3. The material in-and-out warehouse method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material unloading method comprises: Set the unit distance of the discharging crane to W 横移出 : (2-1) Specify the starting and ending discharging positions of the scraper in a single silo compartment, and raise the scraper to the highest limit position G. 刮 , then move horizontally to the discharge position; start the scraper; (2-2) The scraper starts to descend until there is material at the left end, right end or middle of the scraper, then the scraper stops descending; the scraper scrapes the material toward the discharge port until there is no material at the left end, right end or middle of the scraper, then the scraper continues to descend a unit distance H 单距 , and stop descending, and keep scraping in the process until the scraper descends to the lower limit position D 刮 ; (2-3) The scraper rises upward and then moves horizontally to the discharge stop position W 横移出 , repeat step (2-2), and keep the scraper running during the descent; (2-4) Repeat steps (2-3) until the scraper runs to the lower limit position D of the final discharge position. 刮 , and there is no material covering the two ends and the middle of the scraper, so the bottom material is cleaned.

4. The material in-and-out warehouse method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: For materials prone to arching, the scraper is raised to the highest material level position G 料 , then move W 横移出 , W 横移出 It is L3.

5. The material in-and-out warehouse method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: For materials with good fluidity, the scraper rises H 单距 , and keep the height, the scraper moves horizontally W 横移出 , W 横移出 It is half the width of the scraper. At this time, at least one of the left end, right end and middle part of the scraper should be covered by the material. The scraper continues to discharge materials until there is no material on the left end, right end and middle part of the scraper. The scraper goes down a unit distance to the bottom. When the scraper reaches the left, right and middle ends, there is no signal, indicating that the bottom material has been cleaned. Repeat steps (2-3) until the scraper reaches the lower limit position D of the final discharge position. 刮 or downtime.

6. The material in-and-out warehouse method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the steps (1-3): if the scraper is lifted upward by a unit distance H, and the left end, the right end and the middle of the scraper are not covered by materials within the time T1, the scraper will issue a material-free alarm until there is a material signal again.

7. A device for implementing the material in-and-out method of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a scraper, a crane, a crane track, a discharger, and a discharger track, wherein: Limit switches 1 are respectively arranged on both sides of the unloading vehicle track; the starting and stopping feeding positions are located at any position between the two limit switches 1; An incremental encoder 1 is arranged on the rotating shaft of the unloading vehicle, for obtaining the moving distance of the unloading vehicle relative to the corresponding material position base point 1; A plurality of proximity switches 1 are arranged along the length direction on the unloading vehicle track between the two limit switches 1 as material level base points 1; the material level switch 1 is used to correct the error of the encoder 1; Limit switches 2 are respectively arranged on both sides of the driving track; An incremental encoder 2 is arranged on the crane shaft to obtain the moving distance of the crane relative to the corresponding material level base point 2; a plurality of proximity switches 2 are arranged along the length direction on the crane track between the two limit switches 2 as material level base points 2; the proximity switches 2 are used to correct the error of the encoder 1; The winch is provided with encoder 3 for obtaining the height of the scraper; The non-discharging scraper side, the middle part and the discharging scraper side of the scraper are respectively provided with a material level switch B, a material level switch A and a material level switch C.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material level switch A, material level switch B and material level switch C are all ultrasonic material level switches.

9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the proximity switches 1 is 10, and the interval between the proximity switches 1 is 5m; The number of the proximity switches 2 is 10, and the interval between the proximity switches 2 is 5m.

10. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that: When feeding, set delay control or current over-limit control on the material level switch B / C; When there is no signal from the material level switch B / C, that is, the material level switch B / C fails, the delay control or current over-limit control is triggered, and an abnormal alarm is issued; The delay control is: setting the delay time to T 延 , the material level switch B / C has no signal, and the scraper operation time is greater than the delay time T 延 After that, an abnormal alarm is issued, and then the scraper reverses; The current over-limit control is as follows: setting the over-limit current I max , the material level switch B / C has no signal, and the scraper operating current exceeds the maximum current I max After that, an abnormal alarm is issued and the scraper reverses.

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