Tin slag impurity removal production process convenient to clean

Abstract

The invention discloses a convenient-to-clean tin slag impurity removal production process, and relates to the technical field of tin slag impurity removal, and the convenient-to-clean tin slag impurity removal production process comprises the following steps: S1, collecting and classifying raw materials; s2, primary crushing; s3, leaching reaction, wherein the crushed tin slag is put into the leaching tank to be subjected to chemical reaction; s4, impurity removal and precipitation are conducted, specifically, a proper amount of precipitant is added into the leached solution, and insoluble metal sulfide precipitation is generated; s5, electrolytic refining is conducted, specifically, the tin-containing solution obtained after impurity removal is transferred into an electrolytic bath for electrolytic refining; s6, filtering and cleaning: after electrolysis is completed, tin on the cathode plate is taken down, and the cathode plate is put into clear water to be washed for multiple times; s7, solid waste treatment; and S8, equipment cleaning. According to the tin slag impurity removal production process convenient to clean, compared with a traditional process, the impurity removal rate is higher, the purity of recycled metallic tin is higher, harmless treatment is conducted on solid waste, and the influence of impurity residues on equipment and the environment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tin slag impurity removal, and in particular to a tin slag impurity removal production process which is easy to clean. Background Art

[0002] During the production, processing and related industrial applications of tin, it is necessary to treat the waste slag containing tin. These impurities usually include metal impurities (such as iron, copper, lead, etc.), non-metallic impurities (such as oxides, silicates, etc.) and some other residual chemical substances. By adopting physical (such as screening, magnetic separation, gravity separation, etc.), chemical (such as acid leaching, alkali leaching, oxidation-reduction, etc.) or physical and chemical combined methods, the impurities in the tin slag are separated from the tin, so that the tin is purified or the tin slag meets the requirements of subsequent treatment or discharge, which also helps to recycle resources.

[0003] The existing tin slag impurity removal process has a low impurity removal rate and a low recovery rate of metallic tin. In addition, a large amount of solid waste will be generated during the impurity removal process. The waste will cause harm to equipment and the environment, and bring certain adverse effects to people's production process. In order to solve the shortcomings of the existing technology, we propose a tin slag impurity removal production process that is easy to clean. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a tin slag impurity removal production process that is easy to clean and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A tin slag impurity removal production process that is easy to clean, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Raw material collection and classification: At the source of tin slag, different special containers are used to collect and classify the tin slag, and lead-containing tin slag and non-lead-containing tin slag are placed in different collection containers;

[0008] S2: Preliminary crushing: For large-volume tin slag, mechanical crushing equipment is used for preliminary crushing;

[0009] S3: Leaching reaction: Put the crushed tin slag into an acid and alkali corrosion resistant reactor, add an appropriate amount of leaching agent, and stir at the same time to make the impurities in the tin slag, such as copper, iron and other metals, react chemically with the leaching agent to generate soluble salts that enter the solution;

[0010] S4: impurity removal and precipitation: add an appropriate amount of precipitant to the leached solution, the precipitant reacts with copper ions, iron ions, etc. in the solution to generate insoluble metal sulfide precipitates. After the precipitation is completed, let it stand for 30-45 minutes;

[0011] S5: Electrolytic refining: The tin-containing solution after impurities removal is transferred to the electrolytic cell for electrolytic refining. The tin ions in the solution are reduced to metallic tin by electrons at the cathode and deposited on the cathode plate;

[0012] S6: Filtration and cleaning: After the electrolysis is completed, the tin on the cathode plate is removed and rinsed in clean water for multiple times to remove the residual electrolyte on the surface, and then the rinsed water is separated from the tin through a filtering device;

[0013] S7: Solid waste treatment: The metal sulfide precipitates produced in the precipitation stage and the solid impurities remaining in the filtration process are collected and treated harmlessly using cement solidification and stabilization technology;

[0014] S8: Equipment cleaning: After the process is completed, use a cleaning agent to thoroughly clean the reactor, electrolytic cell and other equipment.

[0015] Preferably, in S2, the mechanical crushing equipment used is a jaw crusher, and the large pieces of tin slag are crushed into small pieces with a particle size of 5-10 mm.

[0016] Preferably, in S3, the leaching agent used is a hydrochloric acid-hydrogen peroxide mixed leaching agent, the inner wall of the reactor is provided with an electric heating jacket, the reaction temperature is controlled at 50-60° C., and the reaction time is 2-3 hours.

[0017] Preferably, in S4, the precipitant used is sodium sulfide, the reaction pH value of sodium sulfide is in the range of 8-9, and the reaction time is 1-1.5 hours.

[0018] Preferably, in S5, the cathode plate used is a pure tin plate, the anode plate is a graphite plate, the current passed is direct current, and the electrolysis time is 6-8 hours.

[0019] Preferably, in S6, the cleaning method adopts countercurrent cleaning, the water temperature is controlled at 40-50°C, the flushing time is 5-10 minutes, the secondary flushing adopts superionized water, the flushing time is 3-5 minutes, and the filtration accuracy of the filter device is 0.1μm.

[0020] Preferably, in S7, the ratio of solid waste to cement is 1:3.

[0021] Preferably, in S8, the equipment is cleaned by flushing with a high-pressure water gun and manually scrubbing, and the cleaning agent used is prepared from an organic acid and a surfactant.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. In the process of the present invention, by accurately controlling various parameters of the chemical leaching process and the precipitation process, such as the ratio of the leaching agent, the reaction temperature, the pH value, etc., various impurities such as copper, iron, and lead in the tin slag can be deeply removed. Compared with the traditional process, the removal rate of impurities is higher, and the purity of the recovered metallic tin is also higher, so that the recovered metallic tin can meet some fields with high requirements for tin purity, and the application scope of the recovered metallic tin is broadened. In the process of the present invention, solid waste is professionally treated, the impact of residual impurities on equipment and the environment is reduced, and the equipment will be cleaned promptly and thoroughly after each use, which reduces the maintenance cost of the equipment and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0024] 2. In the process of the present invention, efficient recovery of tin in tin slag is achieved, which not only improves the utilization rate of tin, but also reduces the over-exploitation of primary tin ore, better protects the environment, reduces resource consumption, and saves costs for production enterprises.

[0025] 3. The production process of the present invention treats the solid waste containing heavy metals harmlessly, effectively avoiding the leakage and diffusion of heavy metals in the natural environment, and can effectively prevent the pollution of water sources and soil by heavy metals, protecting the ecological environment, while also avoiding the accumulation of tin slag in the open air environment, preventing the impact on the surrounding environment, and preventing threats to the health of surrounding residents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The present invention relates to a tin slag impurity removal production process which is easy to clean, comprising the following operating steps:

[0029] S1: Raw material collection and classification: At the source of tin slag, different special containers are used to collect and classify the tin slag, and lead-containing tin slag and lead-free tin slag are placed in different collection containers respectively.

[0030] S2: Preliminary crushing: For larger block tin slag, a jaw crusher is used for preliminary mechanical crushing. Before operation, the feed port size of the crusher and the gap of the crushing chamber are adjusted to make the particle size of the crushed tin slag reach 5-10mm.

[0031] S3: Leaching reaction: The crushed tin slag is transferred to the reactor, and the leaching agent is prepared by mixing hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide in a volume ratio of 3:1. The leaching agent is added into the reactor, and the stirring device of the reactor is turned on to allow the tin slag to fully contact with the leaching agent. At the same time, the reaction temperature inside the reactor is controlled at 50-60°C using an electric heating jacket. The reaction time is 2-3 hours. During the reaction, the pH value and point changes of the solution are monitored in real time, and the leaching agent is supplemented in time according to the changes to ensure that impurities such as copper, iron and other metals fully react with the leaching agent to generate soluble salts that enter the solution.

[0032] S4: impurity removal and precipitation: after the leaching reaction is completed, slowly add sodium sulfide precipitant to the solution. At the same time, by adding sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, the reaction pH value is stabilized in the range of 8-9. Under this condition, the copper ions, iron ions, etc. in the solution react with sodium sulfide in sequence to generate black metal sulfide precipitates. The reaction time is 1-1.5 hours. During the reaction, continuous stirring makes the precipitation more uniform. After the precipitation is completed, let it stand for 30-45 minutes to allow the precipitate to fully settle to the bottom of the reactor.

[0033] S5: Electrolytic refining: The tin-containing solution after impurity removal and precipitation is transferred to the electrolytic cell. The cathode of the electrolytic cell uses a pure tin plate and the anode uses a high-purity graphite plate. Direct current is connected and the electrolysis time is generally 6-8 hours. During the electrolysis process, the tin in the solution obtains electrons on the cathode plate and is reduced to metallic tin and gradually deposited. During this period, the cathode plate needs to be regularly brushed to remove bubbles attached to the surface to ensure uniform deposition of metallic tin.

[0034] S6: Filtration and cleaning: After the electrolytic refining is completed, the cathode plate is taken out and placed in a special cleaning tank. The countercurrent cleaning method is adopted. First, it is rinsed with purified warm water. The water temperature is controlled at 40-50℃. The rinsing time is 5-10 minutes to remove most of the residual electrolyte on the surface of the tin. Then, it is rinsed twice with deionized water. The rinsing time is 3-5 minutes to further ensure that there are no residual impurities on the surface. The rinsed water is filtered through a precision filtration device with a filtration accuracy of 0.1μm to remove tiny particles and impurities in the water.

[0035] S7: Solid waste treatment: The metal sulfide precipitates produced in the precipitation stage and the solid impurities remaining in the filtration process are collected together, and the cement solidification and stabilization technology is used to mix the solid waste with cement in a ratio of 1:3. After stirring evenly, the solid waste is formed and cured in a mold, and then landfilled in accordance with the hazardous waste treatment standards.

[0036] S8: After the process is completed, the reactor, electrolytic cell and other key equipment are thoroughly cleaned. The equipment is flushed with a high-pressure water gun, and the inside of the equipment is manually scrubbed with a cleaning agent prepared with organic acid and surfactant, and then rinsed again with clean water.

[0037] Compared with traditional processes, this process has a higher impurity removal rate, the purity of the recovered metallic tin is also higher, and solid waste is professionally treated, reducing the impact of residual impurities on equipment and the environment. In addition, the equipment will be cleaned promptly and thoroughly after each use, reducing the maintenance cost of the equipment and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0038] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tin slag impurity removal production process that is easy to clean, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Raw material collection and classification: At the source of tin slag, different special containers are used to collect and classify the tin slag, and lead-containing tin slag and non-lead-containing tin slag are placed in different collection containers; S2: Preliminary crushing: For large-volume tin slag, mechanical crushing equipment is used for preliminary crushing; S3: Leaching reaction: Put the crushed tin slag into an acid and alkali corrosion resistant reactor, add an appropriate amount of leaching agent, and stir at the same time to make the impurities in the tin slag, such as copper, iron and other metals, react chemically with the leaching agent to generate soluble salts that enter the solution; S4: impurity removal and precipitation: add an appropriate amount of precipitant to the leached solution, the precipitant reacts with copper ions, iron ions, etc. in the solution to generate insoluble metal sulfide precipitates. After the precipitation is completed, let it stand for 30-45 minutes; S5: Electrolytic refining: The tin-containing solution after impurities removal is transferred to the electrolytic cell for electrolytic refining. The tin ions in the solution are reduced to metallic tin by electrons at the cathode and deposited on the cathode plate; S6: Filtration and cleaning: After the electrolysis is completed, the tin on the cathode plate is removed and rinsed in clean water for multiple times to remove the residual electrolyte on the surface, and then the rinsed water is separated from the tin through a filtering device; S7: Solid waste treatment: The metal sulfide precipitates produced in the precipitation stage and the solid impurities remaining in the filtration process are collected and treated harmlessly using cement solidification and stabilization technology; S8: Equipment cleaning: After the process is completed, use a cleaning agent to thoroughly clean the reactor, electrolytic cell and other equipment.

2. The tin slag impurity removal production process that is easy to clean according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S2, the mechanical crushing equipment used is a jaw crusher, and the large pieces of tin slag are crushed into small pieces with a particle size of 5-10 mm.

3. The tin slag impurity removal production process that is easy to clean according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S3, the leaching agent used is a hydrochloric acid-hydrogen peroxide mixed leaching agent, the inner wall of the reactor is provided with an electric heating jacket, the reaction temperature is controlled at 50-60° C., and the reaction time is 2-3 hours.

4. The tin slag impurity removal production process that is easy to clean according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S4, the precipitant used is sodium sulfide, the reaction pH value of sodium sulfide is in the range of 8-9, and the reaction time is 1-1.5 hours.

5. The tin slag impurity removal production process that is easy to clean according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the S5, the cathode plate used is a pure tin plate, the anode plate is a graphite plate, the current passed is direct current, and the electrolysis time is 6-8 hours.

6. The tin slag impurity removal production process that is easy to clean according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S6, the cleaning method adopts the countercurrent cleaning method, the water temperature is controlled at 40-50°C, the flushing time is 5-10 minutes, the secondary flushing adopts deionized water, the flushing time is 3-5 minutes, and the filtering accuracy of the filtering device is 0.1μm.

7. The tin slag impurity removal production process that is easy to clean according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S7, the ratio of solid waste to cement is 1:

3.

8. The tin slag impurity removal production process that is easy to clean according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S8, the equipment is cleaned by flushing with a high-pressure water gun and manually scrubbing, and the cleaning agent used is prepared from organic acid and surfactant.

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