Flood discharge groove water flow energy dissipation automatic adjusting system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a flood discharge tank water flow energy dissipation automatic adjusting system and method. The flood discharge tank water flow energy dissipation automatic adjusting system comprises a flood discharge tank body, and an adjustable energy dissipation plate is arranged in the flood discharge tank body; a sensor system is arranged in the flood discharge tank main body and comprises a plurality of sensors; the adjustable energy dissipation plate is connected with the driving device; and the sensor system and the driving device are electrically connected with the control system. The sensor system comprises a plurality of flow sensors, a flow velocity sensor and a water level sensor; the driving device takes a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod as a power source; the control system is an embedded system; the problems that in the prior art, a flood discharge groove is poor in structural adaptability, poor in efficiency effect, backward in design method and low in intelligent program are solved, the flow rate, the flow velocity and the water level parameters of water flow in the flood discharge groove are monitored in real time, and the optimal configuration parameters of the energy dissipation plate under the current water flow condition are calculated; and the energy dissipation plate structure is dynamically adjusted through a hydraulic or electric driving device, continuous monitoring and adjustment are conducted in the whole flood discharge process, and it is ensured that the energy dissipation effect is optimal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of flood discharge, and particularly relates to a flood discharge chute water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system and method. Background Art

[0002] Traditional flood discharge chute energy dissipation solutions mainly adopt energy dissipators with fixed structural forms such as stilling basins and energy dissipation piers, and have the following defects: (1) Poor structural adaptability: The structural forms of traditional energy dissipators are fixed, and when facing the dynamic changes of flow rate, flow velocity and water level during flood discharge, they cannot flexibly adjust their own structures to adapt to different water flow conditions. For example, when the flow rate suddenly increases, the fixed structure is difficult to effectively disperse the water flow energy, which may cause the water flow impact force to concentrate, resulting in serious scouring of the downstream riverbed, dikes, etc. The solution in the patent can better cope with the water flow changes by real-time monitoring of water flow parameters and dynamically adjusting the energy dissipator structure. (2) Poor energy dissipation effect: Because the structure is fixed, traditional energy dissipators cannot achieve the ideal energy dissipation effect in many cases. Under different flood discharge conditions, a single fixed structure cannot fully dissipate the water flow energy, resulting in greater risks for downstream hydraulic structures. In contrast, the solution in the patent realizes efficient and stable energy dissipation by calculating the optimal energy dissipator configuration parameters, ensuring effective protection of downstream facilities under various flood discharge conditions. (3) Backward design method: The design of traditional energy dissipators relies on empirical formulas and static hydraulic models, lacking the ability of precise analysis and real-time response to water flow conditions. During the actual flood discharge process, the water flow conditions are complex and changeable, and this design method based on static analysis is difficult to meet the actual needs. The patent solution introduces advanced sensing technology and automatic control algorithms, which can perform precise calculations and adjustments according to the water flow conditions in real time, greatly improving the energy dissipation efficiency. (4) Low degree of intelligence: Traditional energy dissipators lack remote monitoring and automatic regulation capabilities and cannot achieve intelligent management. During the project management and maintenance process, on-site monitoring and operation need to be carried out manually, which is not only inefficient but also has certain safety risks. The automatic regulation system in the patent supports remote monitoring and operation, improves the degree of intelligence, facilitates project management and maintenance, reduces labor costs and potential safety hazards. Therefore, it is necessary to design a flood discharge chute water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system and method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic adjustment system and method for water flow energy dissipation in a flood spillway, aiming to solve the problems of poor adaptability, poor performance, backward design method and low intelligent program of the flood spillway structure in the prior art. By real-time monitoring of the flow rate, flow velocity and water level parameters of the water flow in the flood spillway, the optimal configuration parameters of the energy dissipation plate under the current water flow conditions are calculated, including the angle, position and height of the energy dissipation plate. The energy dissipation plate structure is dynamically adjusted using a hydraulic or electric drive device, and continuous monitoring and adjustment are performed throughout the flood discharge process to ensure the optimal energy dissipation effect.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The flood spillway water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system comprises a flood spillway main body with an adjustable energy dissipation plate built in the flood spillway main body; a sensor system is arranged inside the flood spillway main body, comprising a plurality of sensors; the adjustable energy dissipation plate is connected to a driving device; and both the sensor system and the driving device are electrically connected to a control system.

[0005] Preferably, the flood discharge trough body is a stepped or wave-shaped trough structure.

[0006] Preferably, the sensor system includes a plurality of flow sensors, flow velocity sensors and water level sensors.

[0007] Preferably, the driving device is powered by a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder or the electric push rod is connected to the adjustable energy dissipation plate to accurately adjust the angle, position and height of the adjustable energy dissipation plate.

[0008] Preferably, the control system is an embedded system, the input end of the control system is electrically connected to the sensor system, and the output end of the control system is electrically connected to the driving device.

[0009] Preferably, the control system has a built-in adjustment algorithm to optimize the adjustment configuration parameters of the adjustable energy dissipation plate, and the adjustment algorithm includes a neural network algorithm or a fuzzy control algorithm.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment range of the adjustable energy dissipation plate includes angle θ=0°~45°, position P=0~2m and height H=0.5~3m.

[0011] Preferably, the method of the flood discharge chute water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system comprises the following steps: S1, real-time monitoring of the flow rate Q, flow velocity v and water level h in the flood discharge channel through sensors; S2, based on the monitoring data, the optimal configuration parameters of the angle θ, position P and height H of the energy dissipation plate are calculated by using a multivariate linear regression model and the least squares method; S3, dynamically adjusting the angle, position and height of the adjustable energy dissipation plate through a driving device; S4, continuous monitoring and feedback adjustment during flood discharge to form a closed-loop optimization system.

[0012] Preferably, in step S2, before calculating the configuration parameters, it is determined whether flood discharge has started. If the state is currently in flood discharge, the next step is entered; if the state has not started, continuous monitoring and waiting are performed.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, the closed-loop optimization process includes: S401, during the flood discharge process, the sensor continuously monitors the water flow parameters: during the flood discharge, the sensor continuously monitors the water flow parameters in real time to prepare for the subsequent judgment of whether the wide tail pier adjustment plate needs to be adjusted; S402, the control system calculates whether the configuration needs to be adjusted based on the new data: The control system recalculates the configuration parameters of the wide tail pier adjustment plate based on the newly collected water flow parameters to determine whether adjustment is needed; if adjustment is needed, it returns to the step of calculating the best configuration parameters; if not, it continues monitoring; S403, judging whether flood discharge is completed: Determine whether the flood discharge is completed. If not, continue monitoring and adjustment; if completed, proceed to the initial configuration recovery step.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Strong adaptive adjustment capability: The patented system can dynamically adjust the energy dissipation structure according to the real-time monitored water flow conditions, such as changes in flow rate, flow velocity and water level, that is, automatically adjust the angle, position and height of the wide tail pier adjustment plate to achieve the best energy dissipation effect without manual intervention. It can better adapt to different flood discharge conditions and achieve efficient energy dissipation.

[0015] 2. High stability: Through real-time monitoring and feedback control, the system can continuously monitor water flow parameters and adjust the energy dissipation structure in time according to parameter changes to ensure that the energy dissipation effect remains stable throughout the entire flood discharge process, effectively avoiding poor or unstable energy dissipation effects caused by changes in water flow conditions, and ensuring flood discharge safety.

[0016] 3. Wide adaptability: It can cope with the complex changes in flow, flow velocity and water level during flood discharge. Whether it is a sharp increase in flow or a large fluctuation in water level, the system can adapt through automatic adjustment. It can play a role in various water conservancy engineering scenarios such as reservoir spillway, hydropower station spillway, river regulation projects, etc., and has strong versatility and adaptability.

[0017] 4. High level of intelligent management: Supports remote monitoring and operation. Engineering personnel can monitor and operate the system in real time through remote equipment far away from the site, which facilitates project management and maintenance, improves work efficiency, reduces labor costs and risks of on-site operations, and improves the intelligent management level of water conservancy projects.

[0018] 5. Both technical innovation and practicality: By automatically adjusting the energy dissipation structure, the efficient dissipation of kinetic energy of water in the flood discharge channel is achieved, which is technically innovative and solves the shortcomings of traditional energy dissipation methods in dealing with complex water flow conditions. At the same time, this patent has significant practical value in actual water conservancy projects and can be widely used in various water conservancy projects. It can effectively protect the downstream riverbed and dams, reduce the impact on the downstream environment, and prevent riverbed scouring and other problems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the inside of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the adjustment process in an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: adjustable energy dissipation plate 1, driving device 2, gate pier 3, sensor system 4, control system 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the automatic regulation system of water flow energy dissipation of the spillway comprises a spillway main body, wherein the spillway main body has an adjustable energy dissipation plate 1 built in; a sensor system 4 is arranged inside the spillway main body, comprising a plurality of sensors; the adjustable energy dissipation plate 1 is connected to the driving device 2; and the sensor system 4 and the driving device 2 are both electrically connected to the control system 5.

[0021] Further, Figure 1 middle, B 0 , B, b They are the spacing, clear width and thickness of the spillway wall piers; B', b' They are the clear distance and thickness of the wide tail pier tail. ；α、α s They are the mainstream direction angle of water flow and the vertical diffusion angle respectively.

[0022] Preferably, the flood discharge trough body is a stepped or wave-shaped trough structure.

[0023] Furthermore, the main body of the flood spillway adopts a stepped or wave-type trough structure. Utilizing this special structural form, when water flows through the flood spillway, the water flows and rubs against different parts of the trough, thereby initially dissipating the kinetic energy of the water and reducing the subsequent energy dissipation pressure.

[0024] Preferably, the sensor system 4 includes a plurality of flow sensors, flow velocity sensors and water level sensors.

[0025] Preferably, the driving device 2 is powered by a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder or the electric push rod is connected to the adjustable energy dissipation plate 1 to accurately adjust the angle, position and height of the adjustable energy dissipation plate 1.

[0026] Preferably, the control system 5 is an embedded system, an input end of the control system 5 is electrically connected to the sensor system 4 , and an output end of the control system 5 is electrically connected to the driving device 2 .

[0027] Preferably, the control system 5 has a built-in adjustment algorithm to optimize the adjustment configuration parameters of the adjustable energy dissipation plate 1, and the adjustment algorithm includes a neural network algorithm or a fuzzy control algorithm.

[0028] Preferably, the adjustment range of the adjustable energy dissipation plate 1 includes an angle θ=0°~45°, a position P=0~2m and a height H=0.5~3m.

[0029] Preferably, the method of the flood discharge chute water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system comprises the following steps: S1, real-time monitoring of the flow rate Q, flow velocity v and water level h in the flood discharge channel through sensors; S2, based on the monitoring data, the optimal configuration parameters of the angle θ, position P and height H of the energy dissipation plate are calculated by using a multivariate linear regression model and the least squares method; S3, dynamically adjusting the angle, position and height of the adjustable energy dissipation plate 1 through the driving device 2; S4, continuous monitoring and feedback adjustment during flood discharge to form a closed-loop optimization system.

[0030] Preferably, in step S2, before calculating the configuration parameters, it is determined whether flood discharge has started. If the state is currently in flood discharge, the next step is entered; if the state has not started, continuous monitoring and waiting are performed.

[0031] Preferably, in step S4, the closed-loop optimization process includes: S401, during the flood discharge process, the sensor continuously monitors the water flow parameters: during the flood discharge, the sensor continuously monitors the water flow parameters in real time to prepare for the subsequent judgment of whether the wide tail pier adjustment plate needs to be adjusted; S402, the control system 5 calculates whether the configuration needs to be adjusted based on the new data: The control system 5 recalculates the configuration parameters of the wide tail pier adjustment plate according to the newly collected water flow parameters to determine whether adjustment is needed; if adjustment is needed, it returns to the step of calculating the optimal configuration parameters; if not, it continues monitoring; S403, judging whether flood discharge is completed: Determine whether the flood discharge is completed. If not, continue monitoring and adjustment; if completed, proceed to the initial configuration recovery step.

[0032] Embodiment 2: like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a regulation method based on the automatic regulation system of flood discharge channel water flow efficiency, and the specific process is as follows: (1) Start: Indicates the starting point of the entire system control process.

[0033] (2) Sensor system 4 monitors flow rate Q, flow velocity v, and water level h in real time: Sensor system 4 continuously collects key parameters of water flow in the spillway.

[0034] (3) Whether flood discharge has started: Determine whether the flood discharge is currently in progress. If it has not started, continue monitoring and waiting. If it has started, proceed to the next step.

[0035] (4) The control system 5 calculates the optimal configuration parameters θ, P, and H of the wide tail pier adjustment plate based on the monitoring data: The control system 5 calculates the optimal angle θ, position P, and height H of the wide tail pier adjustment plate based on the data collected by the sensor using a multivariate linear regression model and the least squares method.

[0036] (5) The driving device 2 (hydraulic cylinder) adjusts the wide tail pier adjustment plate to the optimal configuration: The driving device 2 adjusts the angle, position and height of the wide tail pier adjustment plate according to the optimal parameters calculated by the control system 5.

[0037] (6) During the flood discharge process, the sensor continuously monitors the water flow parameters: During the flood discharge, the sensor continuously monitors the water flow parameters in real time to prepare for the subsequent judgment of whether the wide tail pier adjustment plate needs to be adjusted.

[0038] (7) Control system 5 calculates whether the configuration needs to be adjusted based on the new data: Control system 5 recalculates the configuration parameters of the wide tail pier adjustment plate based on the newly collected water flow parameters to determine whether adjustment is needed. If adjustment is needed, return to the step of calculating the optimal configuration parameters; if not, continue monitoring.

[0039] (8) Whether the flood discharge is completed: Determine whether the flood discharge is completed. If not, continue monitoring and adjustment. If completed, enter the initial configuration recovery step.

[0040] (9) System restores initial configuration: After the flood discharge is completed, the system restores the wide tail pier adjustment plate to its initial setting state.

[0041] (10) End: Indicates that the entire system control process has ended and is waiting for the next flood discharge event to be triggered.

[0042] Embodiment three: Among the alternative options, the energy dissipation method alternatives are as follows: (1) Adding an energy dissipation pool: Instead of using an adjustable wide tail pier adjustment plate, an energy dissipation pool is set up downstream of the flood discharge channel. By setting up auxiliary energy dissipation facilities such as energy dissipation sills and energy dissipation piers in the energy dissipation pool, high-speed water flow will generate a hydraulic jump in the energy dissipation pool, and the turbulence and diffusion of the hydraulic jump will be used to consume the water flow energy. According to different water flow conditions, the size of the energy dissipation pool, the height and shape of the energy dissipation sill and other parameters can be adjusted to meet the energy dissipation requirements.

[0043] (2) Energy dissipation by diverting flow: A diverting nose is set at the end of the flood discharge channel to divert the water flow to the downstream river away from the building. The parabolic motion trajectory of the water flow is used to make the water flow diffuse and aerate in the air, and then fall into the downstream river channel. The energy is consumed by the friction between the water flow and the air and the diffusion of the water flow in the downstream river channel. The angle, elevation and shape of the diverting nose can be adjusted according to the flood discharge and terrain conditions to achieve a better energy dissipation effect.

[0044] (3) Bottom flow energy dissipation combined with auxiliary energy dissipators: A horizontal or inclined guardrail is set at the bottom of the spillway to form the basis for bottom flow energy dissipation. At the same time, some auxiliary energy dissipators of fixed shape and size are arranged on the guardrail, such as tooth piers and tail sills. When the water flows through the guardrail, the turbulence of the bottom flow and the blocking and interference of the auxiliary energy dissipators are used to enhance the turbulence of the water flow, thereby consuming the energy of the water flow. This method can design the appropriate guardrail length, slope, form and arrangement spacing of the auxiliary energy dissipators according to common water flow conditions.

[0045] Among the alternatives, the automatic adjustment system alternatives are as follows: (1) PLC-based control system 5: Instead of using an embedded system, a programmable logic controller (PLC) is used as the core of the control system 5. PLC has the characteristics of high reliability, flexible programming, and strong anti-interference ability. The water flow parameter signal collected by the sensor can be input into the PLC. By writing the corresponding control program, data processing and calculation are performed in the PLC to obtain the control parameters of the energy dissipator, and the control signal is output to the drive device 2 to achieve the adjustment of the energy dissipator structure.

[0046] (2) Distributed Control System 5 (DCS): DCS is used to control the entire flood spillway energy dissipation system. DCS can connect various parts of the system, such as sensors, controllers, and drive devices 2, through a network to achieve decentralized control and centralized management. In DCS, multiple field control stations can be set up to collect water flow parameters at different locations and control the energy dissipation equipment in the corresponding areas. The entire system is then monitored and managed uniformly through the central operation station, and the operation of each energy dissipation device is coordinated according to the overall water flow conditions.

[0047] (3) Intelligent control algorithm replacement: In addition to the multivariate linear regression model, intelligent control methods such as neural network algorithm and fuzzy control algorithm can also be used to calculate the optimal configuration parameters of the energy dissipator. Taking the neural network algorithm as an example, the neural network is trained with a large amount of historical water flow parameter data and the corresponding optimal energy dissipator configuration parameter data to learn the complex nonlinear relationship between the water flow parameters and the energy dissipator configuration parameters. In actual operation, the neural network can quickly output the optimal energy dissipator configuration parameters based on the real-time monitored water flow parameters, providing a decision basis for the control system 5.

Claims

1. The flood discharge channel water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system is characterized by: It includes a flood spillway main body, which has an adjustable energy dissipation plate built in the flood spillway main body; a sensor system is arranged inside the flood spillway main body, including multiple sensors; the adjustable energy dissipation plate is connected to a driving device; and both the sensor system and the driving device are electrically connected to a control system.

2. The flood discharge channel water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The flood discharge trough body is a stepped or wave-shaped trough structure.

3. The flood discharge channel water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sensor system includes a plurality of flow sensors, flow velocity sensors and water level sensors.

4. The flood discharge channel water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The driving device uses a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod as a power source, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder or the electric push rod is connected to the adjustable energy dissipation plate to accurately adjust the angle, position and height of the adjustable energy dissipation plate.

5. The flood discharge channel water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The control system is an embedded system, the input end of the control system is electrically connected to the sensor system, and the output end of the control system is electrically connected to the driving device.

6. The flood discharge channel water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system according to claim 5 is characterized by: The control system has a built-in adjustment algorithm to optimize the adjustment configuration parameters of the adjustable energy dissipation plate, and the adjustment algorithm includes a neural network algorithm or a fuzzy control algorithm.

7. The flood discharge channel water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The adjustment range of the adjustable energy dissipation plate includes angle θ=0°~45°, position P=0~2m and height H=0.5~3m.

8. The method of the flood discharge channel water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, real-time monitoring of the flow rate Q, flow velocity v and water level h in the flood discharge channel through sensors; S2, based on the monitoring data, the optimal configuration parameters of the angle θ, position P and height H of the energy dissipation plate are calculated by using a multivariate linear regression model and the least squares method; S3, dynamically adjusting the angle, position and height of the adjustable energy dissipation plate through a driving device; S4, continuous monitoring and feedback adjustment during flood discharge to form a closed-loop optimization system.

9. The method of the flood discharge channel water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, before calculating the configuration parameters, it is determined whether flood discharge has started. If it is currently in a flood discharge state, the next step is entered; if it has not started, continuous monitoring and waiting are performed.

10. The method of the flood discharge channel water flow energy dissipation automatic regulation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, the closed-loop optimization process includes: S401, during the flood discharge process, the sensor continuously monitors the water flow parameters: during the flood discharge, the sensor continuously monitors the water flow parameters in real time to prepare for the subsequent judgment of whether the wide tail pier adjustment plate needs to be adjusted; S402, the control system calculates whether the configuration needs to be adjusted based on the new data: The control system recalculates the configuration parameters of the wide tail pier adjustment plate based on the newly collected water flow parameters to determine whether adjustment is needed; if adjustment is needed, it returns to the step of calculating the best configuration parameters; if not, it continues monitoring; S403, judging whether flood discharge is completed: Determine whether the flood discharge is completed. If not, continue monitoring and adjustment; if completed, proceed to the initial configuration recovery step.

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