Organic solid waste heat treatment device

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic solid waste heat treatment device which comprises a vertical incinerator, a burner and a waste heat boiler, a reduction reaction hearth, an oxidation reaction hearth and a cooling section are sequentially formed on the incinerator from top to bottom, the diameters of the reduction reaction hearth and the oxidation reaction hearth are gradually increased, and the side face of the lower portion of the cooling section is connected to the waste heat boiler through an inclined upward connecting pipeline. An upper shell wraps the reduction reaction hearth, a lower shell wraps the oxidation reaction hearth and the cooling section, and the upper end of the lower shell is in butt joint with the lower end of the upper shell; an annular combustion-supporting air bellow a is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper portion of the upper shell, a plurality of spray pipes a communicated to a reduction reaction hearth are evenly installed on the inner side of the combustion-supporting air bellow a along the circumference, and the directions of the spray pipes a have tangential angles so that inlet air can form rotational flow. And a cooling ring box is mounted in the middle of the lower shell. The device realizes environment-friendly, efficient and energy-saving treatment of the organic solid waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of incineration treatment, and in particular to an organic solid waste thermal treatment device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the main methods of incineration for treating organic solid waste are circulating fluidized bed and rotary kiln. There are no mechanical moving parts in the circulating fluidized bed furnace, and its durability is relatively good, which can extend the service life of the machinery. However, the treatment of hazardous solid waste is prone to produce secondary hazards such as tar or dioxins; the rotary kiln method can treat waste without pretreatment before it can enter the furnace for incineration, and its adaptability is relatively wide. In garbage disposal, the speed of the rotary kiln can be released and the garbage residence time can be adjusted. At the same time, due to the mechanical vibration of the system, the garbage can achieve a good stirring effect and improve the overall efficiency of garbage disposal. However, spherical solid waste is prone to rotation and is not easy to burn completely. There are relatively more flotation particles in the flue, and slag is prone to occur in the process of treating sludge waste. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an organic solid waste thermal treatment device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an organic solid waste heat treatment device, comprising a vertical incinerator, a burner and a waste heat boiler, wherein the incinerator is sequentially formed with a reduction reaction furnace, an oxidation reaction furnace and a cooling section with gradually increasing diameters from top to bottom, the burner is vertically installed downward on the top of the reduction reaction furnace and the nozzle of the burner extends to the inner cavity of the reduction reaction furnace, the lower side of the cooling section is connected to the waste heat boiler through an oblique upward connecting pipe, the reduction reaction furnace is wrapped with an upper shell, the oxidation reaction furnace and the cooling section are wrapped with a lower shell, and the upper end of the lower shell is butted with the lower end of the upper shell;

[0005] An annular combustion-supporting wind box a is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper part of the upper shell, and a plurality of nozzles a connected to the reduction reaction furnace are evenly installed on the inner side of the combustion-supporting wind box a along the circumference, and the direction of the nozzle a has a tangential angle to form a swirl of incoming air. An annular combustion-supporting wind box b is installed at the connection between the lower shell and the upper shell, and the inner side of the combustion-supporting wind box b is respectively connected to the top of the oxidation reaction furnace through a plurality of nozzles b evenly distributed along the circumference. A cooling ring box is installed in the middle part of the lower shell, and the inner side of the cooling ring box is respectively connected to the upper side of the cooling section through a plurality of nozzles c evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0006] Preferably, an inverted U-shaped flue is provided in the waste heat boiler and a smoke exhaust port is provided at the end of the flue, and a plurality of heat exchange devices and a feed water preheater are installed along the side wall of the flue of the waste heat boiler.

[0007] Preferably, a boiler drum is installed on the top of the waste heat boiler, and the boiler drum is connected to the top of the inner cavity of the flue by a pipeline.

[0008] Preferably, a water-cooled wall interlayer is formed between the outer side of the reduction reaction furnace and the inner cavity of the upper shell.

[0009] Preferably, the tangential angles of the nozzles a, b and c are 4 to 30 degrees.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention adopts a two-stage vertical furnace design, and the organic solid waste is firstly converted into CO and H by combustion in the reduction reaction furnace under oxygen. 2 , CO 2 and H 2 O, the reduction product enters the oxidation reaction furnace with the flue gas and mixes with the combustion-supporting air to produce an oxidation reaction and burns cleanly. In the cooling section, cold air connected by the cooling ring box is mixed to cool down to ensure that the ash discharged from the lower end is solid. Finally, the waste heat boiler is used to recover the heat in the flue gas to generate steam. This device realizes environmentally friendly, efficient and energy-saving treatment of organic solid waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the horizontal cross-sectional structure at position a of the combustion-supporting wind box.

[0013] In the figure: 1. burner; 2. reduction reaction furnace; 3. oxidation reaction furnace; 4. cooling section; 5. upper shell; 6. lower shell; 7. waste heat boiler; 8. connecting pipe; 9. boiler drum; 10. smoke exhaust port; 11. combustion-supporting wind box a; 12. combustion-supporting wind box b; 13. cooling ring box; 14. water-cooled wall interlayer; 15. nozzle a. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0015] See also Figure 1-2The present invention provides a technical solution: an organic solid waste heat treatment device, including a vertical incinerator, a burner 1 and a waste heat boiler 7. The incinerator is formed with a reduction reaction furnace 2, an oxidation reaction furnace 3 and a cooling section 4 with gradually increasing diameters from top to bottom. The burner 1 is installed vertically downward on the top of the reduction reaction furnace 2 and the nozzle of the burner 1 extends to the inner cavity of the reduction reaction furnace 2. The lower side of the cooling section 4 is connected to the waste heat boiler 7 through an oblique connecting pipe 8. An inverted U-shaped flue is arranged in the waste heat boiler 7 and a smoke exhaust port 10 is arranged at the end of the flue. Finally, low-temperature clean flue gas is discharged through the smoke exhaust port 10. The waste heat boiler 7 is equipped with multiple heat exchange equipment and a feed water preheater along the side wall of the flue. A boiler drum 9 is installed on the top of the waste heat boiler 7, and the boiler drum 9 is connected to the top of the inner cavity of the flue by a pipeline. The reduction reaction furnace 2 is wrapped with an upper shell 5, the oxidation reaction furnace 3 and the cooling section 4 are wrapped with a lower shell 6, the inner wall of the lower shell 6 and the oxidation reaction furnace 3 and the cooling section 4 are filled with insulation material, and the upper end of the lower shell 6 is connected to the lower end of the upper shell 5.

[0016] A circular combustion-supporting wind box a11 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper part of the upper shell 5. A plurality of nozzles a15 connected to the reduction reaction furnace 2 are evenly installed along the circumference of the inner side of the combustion-supporting wind box a11. The nozzles a15 are oriented at a tangential angle to form a swirl flow. After the organic solid waste is blown into the reduction reaction furnace 2, it undergoes oxygen-deficient combustion to generate CO and CO 2 , H 2 , water vapor, etc., and then the organic solid waste enters the oxidation reaction furnace 3 in the form of liquid along with the flue gas. A water-cooled wall interlayer 14 is formed between the outer side of the reduction reaction furnace 2 and the inner cavity of the upper shell 5.

[0017] An annular combustion-supporting wind box b12 is installed at the connection between the lower shell 6 and the upper shell 5. The inner side of the combustion-supporting wind box b12 is connected to the top of the oxidation reaction furnace 3 through multiple nozzles b evenly distributed along the circumference. The combustion-supporting wind box b12 is used to connect sufficient air to the oxidation reaction furnace 3 (the oxidation reaction furnace 3 is a positive pressure furnace, and the positive pressure value is between 10 and 100 KPa. The positive pressure state is conducive to the efficient combustion reaction of solid waste and avoids flashback). The combustion-supporting wind is quickly mixed with the reducing component flue gas at a certain angle to produce an oxidation reaction, and the residue is burned cleanly in this stage. A cooling ring box 13 is installed in the middle of the lower shell 6. The inner side of the cooling ring box 13 is connected to the upper side of the cooling section 4 through multiple nozzles c evenly distributed along the circumference. The ash and slag produced in the oxidation reaction stage enter the cooling section, and the cooling ring box 13 blows in cold air to mix with the high-temperature flue gas and ash and slag to reduce the temperature, so that large particles of ash and slag are discharged in a solid form through the slag discharge port to avoid the problem of slag. The tangential angles of the nozzles a15, b and c are 4 to 30 degrees.

[0018] Working principle: Organic solid waste is blown into the burner 1 through the nozzle, and the combustion air is blown into the reduction reaction furnace 2 through the combustion air box a11. The organic solid waste is first burned in the reduction reaction furnace 2 under oxygen, and the C and H in the organic solid waste are all converted into gases such as CO and H. 2 , CO 2 , H 2 O and enters the oxidation reaction furnace 3 along with the flue gas (at the same time, a large amount of heat is generated, and the temperature of the reduction reaction furnace 2 is controlled above the melting point of the organic solid waste ash to ensure that the ash is in a molten state). Sufficient oxygen is blown into the oxidation reaction furnace 12 through the combustion-supporting wind box b12 to mix with the material to produce an oxidation reaction. At this time, the residual carbon in the ash that has not fully reacted is burned clean at this stage. A cooling ring box 13 is set at the entrance of the cooling section 4. After the cooling air enters the cooling ring box 13, it is quickly mixed with the high-temperature flue gas to reduce the temperature of the cooling section 4, so that the burned ash is discharged in a solid form. Then the flue gas and fly ash enter the waste heat boiler 7 through the connecting pipe 8, and heat is exchanged by multiple heat exchange equipment and feed water preheaters set in the waste heat boiler.

[0019] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An organic solid waste heat treatment device, comprising a vertical incinerator, a burner (1) and a waste heat boiler (7), characterized in that: The incinerator is formed with a reduction reaction furnace (2), an oxidation reaction furnace (3) and a cooling section (4) with gradually increasing diameters from top to bottom, the burner (1) is vertically installed downward on the top of the reduction reaction furnace (2) and the nozzle of the burner (1) extends into the inner cavity of the reduction reaction furnace (2), the lower side of the cooling section (4) is connected to the waste heat boiler (7) through an oblique connecting pipe (8), the reduction reaction furnace (2) is wrapped with an upper shell (5), the oxidation reaction furnace (3) and the cooling section (4) are wrapped with a lower shell (6), and the upper end of the lower shell (6) is butt-jointed with the lower end of the upper shell (5); An annular combustion-supporting wind box a (11) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the upper part of the upper shell (5), and a plurality of nozzles a (15) connected to the reduction reaction furnace (2) are evenly mounted on the inner side of the combustion-supporting wind box a (11) along the circumference, and the nozzles a (15) are oriented at a tangential angle so that the incoming air forms a swirl. An annular combustion-supporting wind box b (12) is mounted at the connection between the lower shell (6) and the upper shell (5), and the inner side of the combustion-supporting wind box b (12) is respectively connected to the top of the oxidation reaction furnace (3) through a plurality of nozzles b evenly distributed along the circumference. A cooling ring box (13) is mounted in the middle of the lower shell (6), and the inner side of the cooling ring box (13) is respectively connected to the upper side of the cooling section (4) through a plurality of nozzles c evenly distributed along the circumference.

2. The device for thermal treatment of organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inverted U-shaped flue is arranged in the waste heat boiler (7) and a smoke exhaust port (10) is arranged at the end of the flue. The waste heat boiler (7) is installed with a plurality of heat exchange devices and a feed water preheater along the side wall of the flue.

3. The organic solid waste thermal treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A boiler drum (9) is installed on the top of the waste heat boiler (7), and the boiler drum (9) is connected to the top of the inner cavity of the flue by a pipeline.

4. The device for thermal treatment of organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water-cooled wall interlayer (14) is formed between the outer side of the reduction reaction furnace (2) and the inner cavity of the upper shell (5).

5. The device for thermal treatment of organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tangential angles of the nozzle a (15), the nozzle b and the nozzle c are all 4 to 30 degrees.

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