Automatic monitoring device for air particulate matter comparison

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic monitoring device for air particulate matter comparison, and relates to the technical field of air detection, and the technical scheme is that the automatic monitoring device comprises a sampling part which can sample external air; the detection part can receive and detect the sample collected by the sampling part; the sampling part comprises an air extraction unit which can extract external air; the separation unit comprises a sampling cutter; the replacing unit is linked with the separating unit and can replace the filtering piece of the sampling cutter; the detection part comprises a detection box which is a constant temperature and humidity box. The device has the beneficial effects that a sample can be directly obtained from the atmosphere through the sampling unit, then the sample is directly detected by the detection part, external transfer of the sample is not needed, and sampling and detection are sequentially completed in the device. Compared with a traditional extraction sampling mode, the device can enable an air sample to be closer to the real air quality condition of the surrounding environment, further facilitates sample size control of workers, and is ingenious in design and high in practicability.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of air detection, and in particular to an automatic monitoring device for comparing air particles. Background Art

[0002] Air particulate matter refers to solid or liquid granular matter dispersed in the air. If a large number of these particles fall on plant leaves, it will affect plant growth, and will also stain and corrode buildings and clothing. Small-sized particles may also cause or aggravate respiratory diseases in residents. In order to monitor the content of various pollutants in the atmosphere, it is necessary to actively sample the atmosphere and then test the collected samples.

[0003] As for the atmospheric sampling work, atmospheric samplers are usually used. Traditional samplers generally complete the sampling of air by extraction, and then send the sample to the place where the detection equipment is placed for detection. During the sample transfer process, the test results may be erroneous due to the reaction changes of the pollutants themselves.

[0004] In addition, the samples obtained by the existing sampling method are not convenient for the staff to split, and the air samples taken at the same place will produce different test results due to different time. Furthermore, the existing sampling method is implemented by extraction, which will also affect the content of particulate matter in the sample. The particulate matter in the air is inconsistent with the air flow rate when it moves to the sampling device under suction. Under the influence of the above reasons, the accuracy of the test results cannot be guaranteed. In view of this, the present invention proposes an automatic monitoring device for air particulate matter comparison. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of one of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic monitoring device for air particle comparison to solve the problem of collecting and detecting air samples.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic monitoring device for comparing air particles, comprising: The sampling part can sample the external air; A detection unit, arranged at one side of the sampling unit, capable of receiving and detecting the sample collected by the sampling unit; The sampling unit comprises: An air extraction unit can extract external air; A separation unit is arranged below the air extraction unit, and the separation unit includes a sampling cutter, which is connected to the air extraction unit and can receive air samples inside the air extraction unit; A replacement unit, linked with the separation unit, capable of replacing the filter element of the sampling cutter; The detection unit comprises: The testing box is a constant temperature and humidity box, and a testing mechanism is arranged inside the testing box; The transfer unit is arranged close to the separation unit and can transfer the sample in the separation unit to the inside of the detection box.

[0007] Preferably, the replacement unit is arranged below the separation unit, and the replacement unit comprises: A first bearing platform can drive the filter element to move toward or away from the sampling cutter; a second bearing platform, which can drive the filter element to rotate when the first bearing platform is away from the sampling cutter; A sampling channel is provided on a horizontal side of the second supporting platform corresponding to the transfer unit.

[0008] Preferably, the air extraction unit comprises: A support structure, fixedly arranged on a horizontal side of the detection box; The sampling mechanism is arranged inside the supporting structure, and the sampling cutter is connected to the inside of the sampling mechanism; The driving mechanism is linked with the sampling mechanism to drive the sampling mechanism to extract the air sample, or drive the sampling mechanism to deliver the air sample to the sampling cutter.

[0009] Preferably, the separation unit comprises a plurality of sampling cutters; The first carrier platform and the second carrier platform are respectively provided with filter placement positions corresponding to the number of sampling cutters; The sampling agencies include: A sampling shell, fixedly disposed inside the supporting structure; The sampling cavity is a cavity opened inside the sampling shell, and the number of the sampling cavities corresponds to the number of the sampling cutters; the sampling cutters are connected to the inside of the sampling cavities; The air intake and exhaust component is connected to the sampling chamber; the driving mechanism is linked to the air intake and exhaust component, and the driving mechanism can drive the air intake and exhaust component to allow the sampling chamber to inject or exhaust air samples.

[0010] Preferably, a sampling port is provided on the cavity wall of the sampling cavity; The intake and exhaust assembly comprises: The sealing door is movably connected to the sampling port of the sampling chamber; the driving mechanism can drive the sealing door to open or close; the sealing door is provided with a transparent observation window; The airbag is arranged on the upper side of the sampling cavity; the driving mechanism can drive the airbag to expand or contract.

[0011] Preferably, the sampling shell is a truncated cone structure as a whole, and its small area end is the upper end; The bottom of the sampling cavity is provided with an open port; the sampling cavity further comprises: A base is vertically slidably connected to the open opening at the bottom of the sampling chamber, the edge of the base is hinged to the lower edge of the sealing door, and a sealing door reset member is provided at the connection between the two; The base is linked to the driving mechanism, and when the base is flush with the opening at the bottom of the sampling cavity, the sealing door is in contact with the inner wall of the sampling shell.

[0012] Preferably, an insert plate is provided on the upper edge of the sealing door, and a sealing slot is provided inside the sampling cavity corresponding to the insert plate, and the insert plate can be inserted into the sealing slot.

[0013] Preferably, the airbag further comprises: An airbag pipeline, one end of which extends into the interior of the airbag; An airbag spring is arranged inside the airbag, and two ends of the airbag spring are respectively fixedly connected to the inner top surface and the inner bottom surface of the airbag; The driving mechanism comprises: The motor, which serves as the power source of the drive mechanism; The exhaust fan is linked with the motor. The exhaust chamber, the exhaust fan is rotatably arranged inside the exhaust chamber, the airbag pipeline is connected with the inside of the exhaust chamber, and a through groove is opened on the cavity wall of the exhaust chamber.

[0014] Preferably, a slot is provided in the upper inner portion of the sampling cavity, and the top of the airbag is fixedly connected to the slot.

[0015] Preferably, the sampling shell comprises: The central cavity is a cylindrical cavity opened at the central axis of the sampling shell; A connecting tube is sleeved inside the central cavity, the connecting tube and the central cavity are slidably connected, and the sliding direction is the axial direction of the central cavity; the lower part of the connecting tube is fixedly connected to the base through a connecting rod; The driving mechanism further comprises: The driving shaft is linked with the motor shaft of the motor; and the driving shaft is linked with the connecting tube to drive the connecting tube to slide inside the central cavity.

[0016] Preferably, the driving shaft is sleeved inside the connecting tube; the driving shaft comprises: A spiral groove is provided on the outer wall of the drive shaft and is a spiral groove; A circular groove is provided on the outer upper part of the driving shaft, and the upper ends of the circular groove and the spiral groove are communicated; A one-way component is arranged at the connection point between the annular groove and the spiral groove; The sampling shell also includes: A guide block, fixedly arranged inside the connecting tube, and the guide block can be slidably connected with the spiral groove or the annular groove; When the drive shaft rotates in direction one, the guide block can enter the spiral groove through the annular groove; when the drive shaft rotates in direction two, the guide block only slides in the annular groove; the directions one and two are opposite.

[0017] Preferably, the driving shaft comprises an upper shaft and a lower shaft, and the spiral groove and the annular groove are both arranged on the lower shaft of the driving shaft; The driving mechanism further comprises: A fan shaft, on which the blades of the exhaust fan are wound; the fan shaft is a shaft with a hollow interior, and the fan shaft sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the upper shaft of the drive shaft; A fan seat, fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fan shaft; A linkage member is located on the upper side of the connecting tube, and the linkage member can rotate coaxially with the driving shaft; when the connecting tube rises, the driving shaft can be linked with the fan seat through the linkage member.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects: 1. This solution can directly obtain samples from the atmosphere through the sampling unit, and then the detection unit directly detects them. There is no need to transfer the samples externally, and the sampling and detection are completed in sequence inside the device.

[0019] 2. Compared with the traditional extraction sampling method, this device can make the air sample closer to the actual air quality of the surrounding environment, and it is also easier for the staff to control the sample size. It has a clever design and strong practicality.

[0020] 3. The driving mechanism of the device not only realizes the continuous execution of the two steps of sampling from the outside and injecting the sample into the detection equipment, but also ensures through the design of the airbag that the sample is powered to move toward the sampling cutter without intersecting with the outside air, further ensuring the authenticity of the sample. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a state diagram of the housing of the hidden sampling part of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an air extraction unit and a separation unit according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the decomposition of the air extraction unit and the separation unit of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sampling shell according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of a sampling shell according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the sealing door and the driving mechanism of the embodiment of the present application; Fig. 9 An exploded diagram of a driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exhaust fan related components of the embodiment of the present application; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a drive shaft according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the airbag according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] In the figure: 100. Sampling department; 1. Air extraction unit; 11. Support structure; 12. Sampling shell; 121. Central cavity; 122. Connecting tube; 123. Guide block; 13. Sampling cavity; 131. Base; 132. Sealing slot; 14. Inlet and outlet assembly; 141. Sealing door; 142. Airbag; 1421. Airbag pipeline; 1422. Airbag spring; 15. Driving mechanism; 151. Motor; 152. Air extraction fan ; 153, exhaust chamber; 154, drive shaft; 1541, spiral groove; 1542, annular groove; 1543, plug-in groove; 155, fan shaft; 156, fan seat; 1561, toggle groove; 1562, guide groove; 157, linkage; 1571, insert strip; 1581, rotating rod; 1572, insert rod; 1582, baffle; 1583, rod groove; 1584, coil spring; 2. Separation unit; 21. Sampling cutter; 22. Valve; 3. Replacement unit; 31. First loading platform; 32. Second loading platform; 200, detection unit; 201, detection box; 202, transfer unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 , this application provides the following technical solutions: An automatic monitoring device for comparing air particles includes a sampling unit 100 and a detection unit 200 arranged side by side. The sampling unit 100 can sample external air; the detection unit 200 can receive and detect the sample collected by the sampling unit 100.

[0025] The sampling unit 100 includes an air extraction unit 1, a separation unit 2 and a replacement unit 3. The air extraction unit 1 can extract external air; the separation unit 2 is arranged below the air extraction unit 1, and the separation unit 2 includes three sampling cutters 21, which are connected to the air extraction unit 1 and can receive air samples inside the air extraction unit 1. The replacement unit 3 is linked to the separation unit 2 and can replace the filter element of the sampling cutter 21.

[0026] The detection unit 200 includes a detection box 201, which is a constant temperature and humidity box. In addition to the constant temperature and humidity related components, the detection box 201 is also provided with a detection mechanism. In addition, a transfer unit 202 is also provided inside the detection box 201. The transfer unit 202 is a robotic arm, which is arranged close to the separation unit 2 and can transfer the sample in the separation unit 2 to the inside of the detection box 201.

[0027] This device arranges the sampling part 100 and the detection part 200 in parallel, and can perform more real-time detection on the collected samples. This device can be placed in relevant places that need regular or irregular monitoring, such as a factory environment with smoke and dust emissions during the production process. The detection box 201 in this solution can use the existing constant temperature and humidity chamber and the detection device inside it, which will not be repeated here. The specific structural form of the transfer unit 202 is not limited, as long as it can pick up the filter inside the sampling cutter 21. The atmospheric sample is collected by the sampling cutter 21, and the pollutants in the sample are retained on the filter by means of the sampling cutter 21. The filter is then transferred to the detection box 201 by the transfer unit 202 for detection.

[0028] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The replacement unit 13 is arranged below the separation unit 2, and the replacement unit 3 includes a first carrier 31 and a second carrier 32. The first carrier 31 is a lifting platform, which can drive the filter element to move toward or away from the sampling cutter 21. The second carrier 32 is a rotating platform, which can drive the filter element to rotate when the first carrier 31 is away from the sampling cutter 21; a sampling channel is arranged on the horizontal side of the second carrier 32 corresponding to the transfer unit 202.

[0029] The first bearing platform 31 is located below the second bearing platform 32. A lifting motor is arranged below the first bearing platform 31. The lifting motor is fixedly connected to the external support structure. A vertical rack is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the first bearing platform 31. A gear is arranged on the motor shaft of the lifting motor. The first bearing platform 31 is driven to lift and lower through the gear and rack combination. A lifting plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the first bearing platform 31 through a support rod. A plurality of brackets are arranged on the lifting plate corresponding to the number of sampling cutters 21. The brackets can support the filter element. In addition, a rotating frame is also arranged on the upper side of the first bearing platform 31. The rotating frame can directly adopt a rod body and is fixedly connected to the second bearing platform on the upper part of the rotating frame. A rotating motor is fixedly arranged on one side of the first bearing platform 31. The motor shaft of the motor is linked to the rotating frame through a synchronous belt and a synchronous wheel combination. The second bearing platform 32 can be driven to rotate through the rotating motor. The aforementioned lifting motor and rotating motor are distinguished in name only because of their functions, and do not refer to the particularity of the motor itself.

[0030] The table top of the second carrier 32 is provided with through slots corresponding to the number of sampling cutters, and the bracket on the lifting plate can pass through the through slots on the second carrier 32. A placement position is set at the top of the bracket corresponding to the filter element. A valve 22 is set on the lower air path of the sampling cutter 21, and the valve 22 is a solenoid valve. When the sampling cutter 21 is ready to work, the first carrier 31 rises, so that the filter element on the bracket is against the air path at the bottom of the valve 22 for sampling. After the sampling time is sufficient to retain an appropriate pollutant sample on the filter element. The sampling cutter 21 stops working, and the first carrier 31 descends. As the first carrier 31 descends, the bracket descends synchronously, and the filter element is retained on the second carrier 32 because its radius is greater than the radius of the through slot on the second carrier 32. Through the rotation of the second carrier 32, the filter elements are delivered one by one to the position where the transfer unit 202 can take them.

[0031] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Figures 4 to 6 The air extraction unit 1 includes a support structure 11, which is fixedly arranged on a horizontal side of the detection box 201. The shape of the support structure 11 is not limited as long as it can provide support force. A sampling mechanism is arranged inside the support structure 11, and the sampling cutter 21 is connected to the inside of the sampling mechanism. In addition, a driving mechanism 15 is also arranged, and the driving mechanism 15 and the sampling mechanism are linked. The sampling mechanism is driven by the driving mechanism 15 to extract air samples, and after the samples are extracted, the sampling mechanism is driven to transport the air samples to the sampling cutter 121.

[0032] The sampling mechanism includes a sampling shell 12, which is a truncated cone-shaped shell structure, and its upper end surface is an end with a small area. The sampling shell 12 is fixedly arranged inside the support structure 11. A plurality of chambers serving as sampling chambers 13 are provided inside the sampling shell 12, and the number of the sampling chambers 13 corresponds to the number of the sampling cutters 21; the upper end of the sampling cutter 21 is connected to the inside of the sampling chamber 13 through a pipeline. An air intake and exhaust assembly 14 is arranged inside the sampling chamber 13. The driving mechanism 15 is linked to the air intake and exhaust assembly 14, and the driving mechanism 15 can drive the air intake and exhaust assembly 14 to inject or exhaust air samples into or out of the sampling chamber 13.

[0033] A sampling port is provided on the wall of the sampling chamber 13. The air intake and exhaust assembly 14 includes a sealing door 141 hinged to the sampling port of the sampling chamber 13, and the driving mechanism 15 can drive the sealing door 141 to open or close; a transparent observation window is provided on the sealing door 141. A card slot is provided on the upper side of the interior of the sampling chamber 13, and an airbag 142 is provided in the card slot. The top of the airbag 142 is fixedly connected to the card slot, and the driving mechanism 15 can drive the airbag 142 to expand or contract in the sampling chamber 13. The shapes of the sampling chamber 13 and the airbag 142 correspond, and both are approximately fan-shaped.

[0034] According to the structure of this solution, the airbag 142 is in a contracted state in the initial state. When it is necessary to extract an air sample, the driving mechanism 15 opens the sealing door 141, and air enters the sampling chamber 13. Then the driving mechanism 15 closes the sealing door 141, and the air sample in the sampling chamber 13 can be input into the sampling cutter 21. The driving mechanism 15 expands the airbag 142, and the expanded airbag 142 fills the space in the sampling chamber 13, pushing the air sample in the airbag 142 into the sampling cutter 21 for sampling.

[0035] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, an open mouth is provided at the bottom of the sampling chamber 13, and the open mouth is used as the air inlet for sampling, that is, the bottom surface of the sampling shell 12 is provided with an opening structure, and the open mouth structure is fan-shaped. A base 131 is provided corresponding to this open mouth, and the shape of the base 131 is a corresponding fan-shaped plate. The base 131 is vertically slidably connected to the open mouth at the bottom of the sampling chamber 13, the edge of the base 131 and the lower edge of the sealing door 141 are hinged, and a sealing door reset member is provided at the connection between the two, and the sealing door reset member can be a torsion spring. The base 131 and the driving mechanism 15 are linked, and when the base 131 and the open mouth at the bottom of the sampling chamber 13 are flush, that is, when the sampling chamber 13 is in a closed state, the sealing door 141 and the inner wall of the sampling shell 12 are attached to each other.

[0036] In addition, see Figure 7 and Figure 8The upper edge of the sealing door 141 is provided with an insert plate 1411, and a sealing slot 132 is provided inside the sampling chamber 13 corresponding to the insert plate 1411. When the base 131 rises to close the sampling chamber 13, the insert plate 1411 is inserted into the sealing slot 132, and in this state, external air no longer enters the sampling chamber 13.

[0037] Through this structure, when it is necessary to collect air samples, the driving mechanism 15 causes the base 131 to descend, and the base drives the sealing door 141 to move downward synchronously. As the sealing door 141 descends, the gap between the sealing door 141 and the inner wall of the sampling shell 12 becomes larger. Under the action of the sealing door resetting member, the sealing door 141 rotates toward the inner wall of the sampling shell 12. At this time, in addition to the air intake passage formed by the base 131 and the bottom of the sampling shell 12, an air intake gap is also formed between the side of the sealing door 141 and the side cavity wall of the sampling cavity 13. Moreover, the advantage of this air intake form is that, in the initial stage of the downward movement of the base 131, the sealing door 141 does not rotate. At this time, as the base 131 moves downward, a downward suction force is formed on the air inside the sampling chamber 13, so that the air pressure inside the sampling chamber 13 is reduced to form a negative pressure. As the base 131 continues to move downward, a strip-shaped gap channel for air intake is formed on the side of the sealing door 141, and external air can enter more easily from the side, thereby discharging the air originally in the sampling chamber 13 and ensuring the accurate collection of air samples.

[0038] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Fig.12 The airbag 142 is a fan-shaped bag body corresponding to the sampling cavity 13, and an airbag spring 1422 is arranged inside the airbag 142. The two ends of the airbag spring 1422 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner top surface and the inner bottom surface of the airbag 142. In addition, the airbag 142 is connected to the airbag pipeline 1421, which is a bent tube, and one end of the pipeline extends to the inside of the airbag 142.

[0039] The driving mechanism 15 includes a motor chamber and an exhaust chamber 153. The motor chamber is fixedly arranged above the sampling shell 12. A motor 151 is fixedly arranged in the motor chamber. The motor 151 serves as a power source for the driving mechanism 15. The exhaust chamber 153 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the sampling shell 12. An exhaust fan 152 is arranged in the exhaust chamber 153. The exhaust fan 152 and the motor 151 are linked, and the exhaust fan 152 is driven by the motor 151 to rotate. The end of the airbag pipeline 1421 away from the airbag 142 is connected to the inside of the exhaust chamber 153. An exhaust pipeline 1421 is arranged corresponding to each airbag 142, and a through groove or through hole corresponding to the number of exhaust pipelines 1421 is opened on the top of the cavity wall of the exhaust chamber 153.

[0040] Through the structure of this solution, all airbags 142 can be inflated or exhausted synchronously with the help of an exhaust fan 152. An airbag spring 1422 is set in the airbag 142. The contracted state of the airbag 142 is the natural state of the airbag spring 1422. When the airbag 142 is inflated, the airbag spring 1422 stretches. Because the airbag spring 1422 itself has no guide or limit structure on its side except for the connection between the two ends and the airbag 142, the expansion of the airbag 142 is not affected by the position of the airbag spring 1422. When the airbag retracts, the airbag can be deflated more quickly with the help of the rebound force of the airbag spring 1422.

[0041] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Figure 7 and Figure 8 A central cavity 121 is provided inside the sampling shell 12, and the central cavity 121 is a cylindrical cavity provided at the central axis of the sampling shell 12. A connecting tube 122 is sleeved inside the central cavity 121, and the connecting tube 122 and the central cavity 121 are slidably connected, and the sliding direction is the axial direction of the central cavity 121; the lower part of the connecting tube 122 is fixedly connected to the base 131 through a connecting rod. A plurality of limit bars are provided on the outer wall of the connecting tube 122, and the limit bars are provided along the axial direction of the connecting tube 122, that is, the limit bars are provided in a vertical direction, and limit grooves are provided on the cavity wall of the central cavity 121 corresponding to the limit bars, and the limit bars and the limit grooves are vertically slidably connected. This structure ensures that the connecting tube 122 only slides vertically but does not rotate.

[0042] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, the driving mechanism 15 also includes a driving shaft 154, and the driving shaft 154 is linked to the motor shaft of the motor 151. The driving shaft 154 is sleeved inside the connecting tube 122; the outer wall of the shaft of the driving shaft 154 is respectively provided with a spiral groove 1541 and an annular groove 1542. The spiral groove 1541 is a spiral groove; the annular groove 1542 is an annular shape, which is provided on the outer upper part of the driving shaft 154, and the upper end of the annular groove 1542 is connected to the spiral groove 1541. A one-way component is provided at the connection point between the annular groove 1542 and the spiral groove 1541. See Fig. 9 A guide block 123 is fixedly arranged inside the connecting cylinder 122. The guide block 123 can be hemispherical or cylindrical, and it only needs to be able to be slidably connected with the spiral groove 1541 or the annular groove 1542. The function of the one-way component is that when the drive shaft 154 rotates in direction one, the guide block 123 can enter the spiral groove 1541 through the annular groove 1542; when the drive shaft 154 rotates in direction two, the guide block 123 only slides in the annular groove 1542; direction one and direction two are opposite, in other words, direction one and direction two are counterclockwise and clockwise respectively.

[0043] Through this structure, in the initial state, the guide block 123 is located in the annular groove 1542. When the drive shaft 154 rotates in direction one, the guide block 123 enters the spiral groove 1541 after passing through the annular groove 1542, and then as the drive shaft 154 rotates, the guide block 123 moves downward, that is, the connecting cylinder 122 moves downward, so that the connecting seat 131 opens. Conversely, when the drive shaft 154 rotates in direction two, the connecting cylinder 122 rises until the guide block 123 enters the annular groove 1542, and then the guide block 123 maintains rotation in the annular groove 1542. Due to the effect of the one-way component, the guide block 123 does not enter the spiral groove when rotating in direction two. The role of the annular groove 1542 will be described in detail later.

[0044] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Figures 9 to 11 The driving shaft 154 includes an upper shaft and a lower shaft. The spiral groove 1541 and the annular groove 1542 are both arranged on the lower shaft of the driving shaft 154. The outer diameter of the upper shaft is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower shaft.

[0045] The driving mechanism 15 also includes a fan shaft 155, and the blades of the exhaust fan 152 are wrapped around the fan shaft 155; the fan shaft 155 is a hollow shaft, and the fan shaft 155 is sleeved on the outer side of the upper shaft of the driving shaft 154, and the fan shaft 155 and the upper shaft can rotate freely. The bottom of the fan shaft 155 is fixedly connected to a fan seat 156, and the fan seat 156 is a round seat.

[0046] A linkage member 157 is rotatably arranged on the upper side of the connecting cylinder 122. The linkage member 157 includes a circular ring, an inserting strip 1571 is arranged inside the circular ring, and a plurality of inserting rods 1572 are arranged on the upper part of the circular ring. The inserting strip 1571 is a slender strip structure, and a plugging groove 1543 is arranged on the driving shaft 154 corresponding to the inserting strip 1571. The plugging groove is a vertical slit structure. The inserting strip 1571 of the linkage member 157 is clamped in the plugging groove 1543. Through the cooperation of the inserting strip 1571 and the plugging groove 1543, the linkage member 157 can rotate coaxially with the driving shaft 154, and the linkage member 157 can be raised and lowered along with the connecting cylinder 122.

[0047] The bottom of the fan seat 156 is provided with a toggle groove 1561 and a guide groove 1562 corresponding to the plug rod 1572. The plug rod 1572 is a round rod, and the toggle groove 1561 is a vertical arc groove, whose arc surface corresponds to the outer diameter of the plug rod 1572. The guide groove 1562 is provided between adjacent toggle grooves 1561, and the guide groove is a circular arc groove.

[0048] When the connecting tube 122 rises, the linkage 157 rises accordingly to the position where the insertion rod 1572 contacts the fan seat 156. The insertion rod 1572 is inserted into the toggle groove 1561 under the guidance of the guide groove 1562, thereby driving the fan seat 156 to rotate. Since the fan seat 156 is fixed to the fan shaft 155, the exhaust fan 152 can be driven to work through the fan shaft 155.

[0049] When it is necessary to extract air samples, the drive shaft 154 rotates in direction one, and the drive shaft 154 drives the connecting tube 122 to descend. The base 131 and the sealing door 141 are opened to form an air intake passage of the sampling chamber 13, and the air sample enters the sampling chamber. In this process, because the linkage 157 follows the connection tube 122 to descend, it is separated from the fan seat 156, and the exhaust fan 152 does not work. Next, the drive shaft 154 reverses and rotates in direction two, and the connecting tube 122 rises. When the connecting tube 122 returns to the closed state of the sampling chamber 13, the linkage 157 also contacts the fan seat 156, and the insertion rod 1572 is stuck in the toggle slot 1561. The driving shaft 154 keeps rotating in the second direction, at which time the guide block 123 keeps rotating in the annular groove 1542, the position of the connecting tube 122 remains unchanged, and the linkage 157 can continue to rotate, the linkage 157 drives the exhaust fan 152 to work, and the exhaust fan 152 injects air into the air bag 142. As the air bag 142 expands, the air sample in the sampling cavity 13 is pushed into the sampling cutter 21 to cut the air sample. The entire sampling process only needs to change the movement direction of the motor 151 to achieve the air sample suction and delivery, and the working process is simple and reliable.

[0050] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Fig.10 , the unidirectional component only needs to meet the aforementioned requirements and can be implemented in different ways. This solution provides a specific implementation form as follows.

[0051] The connection between the spiral groove 1541 and the annular groove 1542 is rotatably connected to a baffle 1582 through a rotating rod 1581. The baffle 1582 is tilted, and the shape of the baffle 1582 corresponds to the inclined surface structure of the inner wall of the spiral groove 1541. The side of the baffle 1582 away from the connection between the spiral groove 1541 and the annular groove 1542 can be blocked by the bottom surface of the annular groove 1542. A rod groove 1583 rotatably connected to the rotating rod 1581 is provided on the driving shaft 154. A coil spring 1584 is sleeved on the end of the rotating rod 1581 away from the baffle 1582. The outer end of the coil spring 1584 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rod groove 1583.

[0052] When the drive shaft 154 rotates in direction 1, which in this embodiment is a counterclockwise rotation with the top view as a reference, the guide block 123 will be pressed into contact with the side wall of the baffle 41 toward the spiral groove 37, but under the restriction of the bottom surface of the annular groove 38, the baffle 41 cannot deflect away from the spiral groove 37, so the guide block 39 will tend to move into the spiral groove 37 under the reaction force of the baffle 41.

[0053] On the contrary, in the second direction state, after the guide block 123 enters the annular groove 1542 , because the rotation direction is opposite at this time, the guide hole 123 can push the baffle 41 to rotate without affecting the guide block 123 to continue to rotate in the annular groove 1542 .

[0054] In the description of the present application and its embodiments, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "top", "bottom", "height", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0055] In the present application and its embodiments, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] In the present application and its embodiments, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0057] The disclosure above provides many different embodiments or examples to realize the different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the parts and settings of specific examples are described above. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present application. In addition, the present application can repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and this repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, which itself does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the various specific processes and material examples provided by the present application, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be aware of the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0058] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0059] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An automatic monitoring device for comparing air particles, characterized in that: include: A sampling unit, which can sample external air; A detection unit, arranged at one side of the sampling unit, capable of receiving and detecting the sample collected by the sampling unit; The sampling unit comprises: An air extraction unit can extract external air; A separation unit is arranged below the air extraction unit, and the separation unit includes a sampling cutter, which is connected to the air extraction unit and can receive air samples inside the air extraction unit; A replacement unit, linked with the separation unit, capable of replacing the filter element of the sampling cutter; The detection unit comprises: The testing box is a constant temperature and humidity box, and a testing mechanism is arranged inside the testing box; The transfer unit is arranged close to the separation unit and can transfer the sample in the separation unit to the inside of the detection box.

2. The automatic monitoring device for comparing air particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The replacement unit is arranged below the separation unit, and the replacement unit comprises: A first bearing platform can drive the filter element to move toward or away from the sampling cutter; a second bearing platform, which can drive the filter element to rotate when the first bearing platform is away from the sampling cutter; A sampling channel is provided on a horizontal side of the second supporting platform corresponding to the transfer unit.

3. The automatic monitoring device for comparing air particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air extraction unit comprises: A support structure, fixedly arranged on a horizontal side of the detection box; The sampling mechanism is arranged inside the supporting structure, and the sampling cutter is connected to the inside of the sampling mechanism; The driving mechanism is linked with the sampling mechanism to drive the sampling mechanism to extract the air sample, or drive the sampling mechanism to deliver the air sample to the sampling cutter.

4. The automatic monitoring device for comparing air particles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The separation unit includes a plurality of sampling cutters; The first carrier platform and the second carrier platform are respectively provided with filter placement positions corresponding to the number of sampling cutters; The sampling agencies include: A sampling shell, fixedly disposed inside the supporting structure; The sampling cavity is a cavity opened inside the sampling shell, and the number of the sampling cavities corresponds to the number of the sampling cutters; the sampling cutters are connected to the inside of the sampling cavities; The air intake and exhaust component is connected to the sampling chamber; the driving mechanism is linked to the air intake and exhaust component, and the driving mechanism can drive the air intake and exhaust component to allow the sampling chamber to inject or exhaust air samples.

5. The automatic monitoring device for comparing air particles according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sampling port is provided on the cavity wall of the sampling cavity; The intake and exhaust assembly comprises: The sealing door is movably connected to the sampling port of the sampling chamber; the driving mechanism can drive the sealing door to open or close; the sealing door is provided with a transparent observation window; The airbag is arranged on the upper side of the sampling cavity; the driving mechanism can drive the airbag to expand or contract.

6. The automatic monitoring device for comparing air particles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sampling shell is a truncated cone structure as a whole, and its small area end is the upper end; The bottom of the sampling cavity is provided with an open port; the sampling cavity further comprises: A base is vertically slidably connected to the open opening at the bottom of the sampling chamber, the edge of the base is hinged to the lower edge of the sealing door, and a sealing door reset member is provided at the connection between the two; The base is linked to the driving mechanism, and when the base is flush with the opening at the bottom of the sampling cavity, the sealing door is in contact with the inner wall of the sampling shell.

7. The automatic monitoring device for comparing air particles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The airbag also includes: An airbag pipeline, one end of which extends into the interior of the airbag; An airbag spring is arranged inside the airbag, and two ends of the airbag spring are respectively fixedly connected to the inner top surface and the inner bottom surface of the airbag; The driving mechanism comprises: The motor, which serves as the power source of the drive mechanism; The exhaust fan is linked with the motor. The exhaust chamber, the exhaust fan is rotatably arranged inside the exhaust chamber, the airbag pipeline is connected with the inside of the exhaust chamber, and a through groove is opened on the cavity wall of the exhaust chamber.

8. The automatic monitoring device for comparing air particles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sampling shell comprises: The central cavity is a cylindrical cavity opened at the central axis of the sampling shell; A connecting tube is sleeved inside the central cavity, the connecting tube and the central cavity are slidably connected, and the sliding direction is the axial direction of the central cavity; the lower part of the connecting tube is fixedly connected to the base through a connecting rod; The driving mechanism further comprises: The driving shaft is linked with the motor shaft of the motor; and the driving shaft is linked with the connecting tube to drive the connecting tube to slide inside the central cavity.

9. The automatic monitoring device for comparing air particles according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drive shaft is sleeved inside the connecting tube; the drive shaft comprises: A spiral groove is provided on the outer wall of the drive shaft and is a spiral groove; A circular groove is provided on the outer upper part of the driving shaft, and the upper ends of the circular groove and the spiral groove are communicated; A one-way component is arranged at the connection point between the annular groove and the spiral groove; The sampling shell also includes: A guide block, fixedly arranged inside the connecting tube, and the guide block can be slidably connected with the spiral groove or the annular groove; When the drive shaft rotates in direction one, the guide block can enter the spiral groove through the annular groove; when the drive shaft rotates in direction two, the guide block only slides in the annular groove; the directions one and two are opposite.

10. The automatic monitoring device for comparing air particles according to claim 9, characterized in that: The driving shaft comprises an upper shaft and a lower shaft, and the spiral groove and the annular groove are both arranged on the lower shaft of the driving shaft; The driving mechanism further comprises: A fan shaft, on which the blades of the exhaust fan are wound; the fan shaft is a shaft with a hollow interior, and the fan shaft sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the upper shaft of the drive shaft; A fan seat, fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fan shaft; A linkage member is located on the upper side of the connecting tube, and the linkage member can rotate coaxially with the driving shaft; when the connecting tube rises, the driving shaft can be linked with the fan seat through the linkage member.

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