Flying dust prevention sampling device and method for geological mineral exploration

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust raising prevention sampling device and method for geological mineral exploration, and particularly relates to the technical field of geological exploration, the device comprises a drilling assembly, a drilling pipe assembly, a sampling inner pipe and an extraction rod, the drilling assembly comprises a drilling machine and a feeding driving frame, the drilling pipe assembly comprises a section of primary drilling pipe and a plurality of sections of secondary drilling pipes, the sampling inner pipe is arranged in the primary drill pipe, a plurality of groups of elastic pressing strips are arranged at the bottom end of the sampling inner pipe, and a tightening controller is further arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the sampling inner pipe. When the sampling inner pipe is lifted, the tightening controller extrudes the bottom end areas of the elastic pressing strips, so that all the elastic pressing strips are bent and deformed inwards, a soil sample entering the sampling inner pipe is extruded to a certain extent, and the carrying capacity of the soil sample is improved; furthermore, the soil sample in the sampling inner pipe can be effectively taken out when the sampling inner pipe ascends, and the sampling integrity and accuracy are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a dust-proof sampling device and method for geological and mineral exploration. Background Art

[0002] Geological and mineral exploration is the work of searching for and evaluating mineral resources through a series of means such as geological surveys, geophysical prospecting, geochemical exploration, and remote sensing technology. This work is of great significance for discovering new mineral resources, evaluating their economic value, planning mine development, and other aspects.

[0003] Soil sampling in geological and mineral exploration is an important step in evaluating the quality and scale of ore deposits. By systematically collecting and analyzing samples, key information such as the geological composition of the mining area, the distribution of ore bodies, the mineral composition, and its grade can be understood. The obtained samples usually need to go through pretreatment steps such as crushing, mixing, and quartering, and then various analytical techniques are used to determine the content of target elements or compounds therein, so as to provide sufficient exploration information for mineral development.

[0004] Among them, in order to obtain more accurate soil information, multiple sampling points need to be set in the selected area, and drilling equipment is used to drill soil samples at the sampling points. Specifically, when sampling, the drill pipe is drilled into the ground by a drill rig, the drill bit breaks the rock and soil, and the soil sample enters the drill pipe. Then, the drill pipe is taken out, and the soil sample in the pipe is taken out. For scenarios with a relatively large sampling depth, multiple sections of drill pipes need to be used. Each time a section of drill pipe is drilled in, the drill rig is separated from the drill pipe, a new section of drill pipe is added, and then drilling continues until the predetermined depth is reached.

[0005] However, in the above solution, since the final drill pipe is inserted deeper, there are more samples retained inside, and the overall weight is relatively large. When taking out the drill pipe, the internal samples are likely to slide. If the batch sampling method is adopted, that is, the drill pipe is taken out and sampled each time a section of drill pipe is drilled in, then the direct removal of the drill pipe is likely to cause the collapse of the upper-layer soil or rock in the borehole, affecting subsequent sampling. Therefore, in the prior art, the method of using an inner and outer double pipe is adopted for borehole sampling.

[0006] For example, a double - layer pipe drilling tool system is adopted. The outer layer is a drill pipe (made of steel), and the inner layer is a sampling pipe (i.e., the inner pipe, usually made of PVC). During the sampling operation, the double - layer pipe drilling tool is used to start the drilling operation. When the predetermined depth is reached, the drilling stops. During the drilling process, the soil enters the inner pipe and remains there. In actual drilling, every time a certain depth is drilled, the drill pipe can be opened from the ground. Then, the extraction rod is inserted into the drill pipe that has been drilled into the ground. With the help of the snap - lock mechanism, the extraction rod is clamped with the bottom - most inner pipe, and then the inner pipe can be pulled up. Then, the inner pipe can be directly used as a sample storage container for storage. Every time a certain depth is drilled, sampling can be carried out in the above - mentioned way. Thus, during the sampling process, the integrity of the soil sample can be ensured as much as possible, and with the support of the drill pipe in the soil, the collapse of the borehole can be avoided, which affects sampling. When the sampling is completed, the drill pipe underground can be taken out at one time using hydraulic equipment.

[0007] However, during the actual detection process, if a complex geological structure is encountered, for example, during the drilling process, in some strata, there are soft rock layers (or coal seams, soil layers), gravel layers, and sand - gravel layers, etc., which are not as compact as mud layers and rock layers. Since such soil is relatively soft (or loose) after entering the inner pipe and is difficult to form close contact with the inner pipe, during actual extraction, it is easy to form a situation where the sample breaks in the middle and falls off, or the whole sample detaches from the inner pipe and remains underground and cannot be taken out. This will affect the integrity and accuracy of sampling. Moreover, the remaining sample will also hinder the continued insertion of the subsequent inner pipe, affecting the sampling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0008] A dust - proof sampling device and method for geological and mineral exploration provided by the present invention aims to solve the following problems: In the prior art, when encountering relatively soft soil or other soil that is difficult to form close contact with the inner pipe, it is easy to form a situation where the sample breaks in the middle and falls off, or the whole sample detaches from the inner pipe and remains underground and cannot be taken out, which affects the integrity and accuracy of sampling. Moreover, the remaining sample will also hinder the continued insertion of the subsequent inner pipe, affecting the sampling efficiency.

[0009] To achieve the above - mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A dust - proof sampling device for geological and mineral exploration includes a drilling assembly, a drill pipe assembly, a sampling inner pipe, and an extraction rod. The drilling assembly includes a drill rig and a feed driving frame; The drill pipe assembly includes a primary drill pipe and multiple secondary drill pipes. The sampling inner pipe is arranged inside the primary drill pipe. A sealing cover is installed at the top of the sampling inner pipe. A lock - catch assembly is arranged between the sealing cover and the primary drill pipe. Multiple groups of elastic pressing strips are arranged at the bottom of the sampling inner pipe. An inner convex platform that is in contact and cooperation with the bottom ends of the elastic pressing strips is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the primary drill pipe; A tightening controller is further arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the sampling inner pipe. The tightening controller is used to cause the elastic pressing strips to generate inward bending deformation; A locking sleeve is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the extraction rod, and an unlocking structure and a clamping structure are arranged in the locking sleeve.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the locking component is a locking rod, which is horizontally slidably installed in the plugging cover, and an elastic member is arranged between the locking rod and the plugging cover. The elastic member is used to provide an elastic force for the locking rod to move outward. A locking groove that mutually engages with the locking rod is arranged in the primary drill pipe. The locking sleeve is of a cylindrical structure, and the unlocking structure and the clamping structure inside the locking sleeve are internal buckling steps. The internal buckling steps are convex ring structures formed inside the locking sleeve. A wedge-shaped buckle is fixedly connected to the locking rod. The bottom port of the locking sleeve is set as a conical port, and the top of the wedge-shaped buckle is set as an inclined surface structure that is slidably adapted to the conical port at the bottom of the locking sleeve.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the tightening controller is a tightening rope. A through-ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the bottom end of the elastic pressing strip. Both ends of the tightening rope pass through all the through-rings around the sampling inner pipe and then lead upward, and are fixedly connected to the plugging cover. The top end of the sampling inner pipe is slidably inserted into the plugging cover. A limiting groove is arranged on the side wall at the top end of the sampling inner pipe, and a limiting insertion rod is fixedly installed in the plugging cover. The limiting insertion rod is slidably adapted to the limiting groove.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the tightening controller is an inner conical sleeve. The inner cavity of the inner conical sleeve is a conical cavity. The inner conical sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the bottom end of the sampling inner pipe. A convex portion is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the elastic pressing strip. The convex portion is slidably adapted to the conical surface of the internal conical cavity of the inner conical sleeve. A pressing block is arranged at the position corresponding to the top of the inner conical sleeve on the outer wall of the sampling inner pipe. The top end of the sampling inner pipe is fixedly connected to the plugging cover, and a damping structure is arranged on the inner conical sleeve.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the sampling inner pipe is a thin-walled elastic member. A liquid injection channel is arranged in the locking sleeve. The liquid injection channel is connected to a high-pressure water injection pump through a pipeline. A guiding flow channel corresponding to the liquid injection channel is arranged in the plugging cover. A liquid outlet groove is arranged on the side wall of the plugging cover. The guiding flow channel is communicated with the liquid outlet groove.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the damping member on the inner conical sleeve is a sealing member. The sealing member is fixedly installed at the top end of the inner conical sleeve, and a V-shaped groove structure is arranged at the top of the sealing member.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, a drill head is arranged at the bottom of the primary drill pipe. Threaded docking structures are arranged between the primary drill pipe and the secondary drill pipe, between adjacent secondary drill pipes, between the primary drill pipe and the output shaft of the drill rig, and between the secondary drill pipe and the output shaft of the drill rig.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the sampling device also includes a walking drive assembly, which includes a walking machine and a manipulator arm. The walking machine is used to drive the drilling assembly to walk, and the manipulator arm is used to drive the feed drive frame to produce free movements such as swinging and lifting to adapt to the ground environment of the actual sampling point. The feed drive frame is installed on the manipulator arm, the drill rig is slidably set on the feed drive frame, and the feed drive frame is provided with a mobile drive device for driving the drill rig to move.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the sampling device also includes an anti-dust component, which includes a protective cover, which is installed at the bottom end of the feed drive frame, and a double-conical pressure ring is fixedly installed inside the protective cover, and the top and bottom of the double-conical pressure ring are both set as conical surfaces, and the protective cover and the double-conical pressure ring are both provided with guide holes for accommodating the primary drill pipe and the secondary drill pipe to pass through, and an atomizing nozzle is provided on the top of the inner cavity of the protective cover, and the atomizing nozzle is connected to the water pump structure through a pipeline.

[0018] A dust-proof sampling method for geological and mineral exploration comprises the following steps: Step 1: Operate the travel drive assembly to drive the feed drive frame to the sampling area, and adjust the angle of the feed drive frame to make it vertical; Step 2: dock the primary drill pipe equipped with the sampling inner tube with the output shaft of the drilling rig, and drive the drilling rig to start descending, so that the drilling rig drives the primary drill pipe to start drilling; Step 3: After the primary drill pipe is drilled in, the drill rig is stopped and driven away from the sampling area. An extraction rod is inserted into the primary drill pipe, the locking sleeve is docked with the plugging cover, the plugging cover is unlocked, and the extraction rod is pulled up to pull out the sampling inner tube to obtain a soil sample; Step 4: install a new set of sampling inner tubes into the primary drill pipe, and dock a section of secondary drill pipe on the top of the primary drill pipe, dock the section of secondary drill pipe with the output shaft of the drilling rig, and drive the drilling rig to start descending again, so that the drilling rig drives the primary drill pipe to continue drilling; Step 5: After the secondary drill pipe is drilled in, repeat the above step 3; Step 6: Install a new set of sampling inner tubes into the primary drill pipe, and dock a new section of secondary drill pipe on the top of the original secondary drill pipe, dock the section of secondary drill pipe with the output shaft of the drilling rig, and drive the drilling rig to start descending again, so that the drilling rig drives the primary drill pipe to continue drilling; Step 7. Repeat steps 5 and 6 above until all soil samples within the required sampling depth are collected.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When lifting the sampling inner tube of the present invention, by squeezing the bottom region of the elastic pressing strip through the tightening controller, all the elastic pressing strips generate inward bending deformation, thereby forming a certain extrusion on the soil sample entering the sampling inner tube, improving the carrying capacity of the soil sample, and further ensuring that the sampling inner tube can effectively bring out the soil sample inside it when rising, effectively avoiding the situation where the soil sample partially or wholly falls off and cannot be taken out when extracting the sampling inner tube, greatly improving the integrity and accuracy of sampling, reducing the occurrence of sampling errors, and thus improving the sampling efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the drilling process of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a state diagram when extracting the sampling inner tube of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure of part A.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the sampling inner tube when the present invention adopts the tightening rope scheme.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling inner tube based on the tightening rope scheme of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure of part B.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the sampling inner tube when the present invention adopts the inner cone sleeve scheme.

[0028] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling inner tube based on the inner cone sleeve scheme of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 It is a state diagram when the sampling inner tube of the present invention starts to rise and cooperates with the inner cone sleeve to make the elastic pressing strip press inward.

[0030] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when a cleaning component inside the tube is added.

[0031] Figure 12 It is a state diagram when water source is input into the gap between the sampling inner tube and the drill pipe of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 13 For the present inventionFigure 11 Enlarged view of the C-section structure.

[0033] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective cover of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 15 Flow chart of the sampling method of the present invention.

[0035] Reference numerals are: 1, drilling assembly; 11, drill rig; 12, feed drive frame; 2, drill pipe assembly; 21, primary drill pipe; 211, locking groove; 22, secondary drill pipe; 23, drill head; 3, walking drive assembly; 31, walking machinery; 32, control arm; 4, dust prevention and suppression assembly; 41, protective cover; 42, double conical surface pressing ring; 43, atomizing nozzle; 5, sampling inner pipe; 51, sealing cover; 511, locking rod; 512, wedge-shaped buckle; 513, positioning column; 514, guiding flow channel; 515, liquid outlet groove; 52, elastic pressing strip; 53, through ring; 54, guiding ring; 55, limiting groove; 56, limiting insertion rod; 57, protruding part; 58, pressing block; 6, tightening controller; 61, tightening rope; 62, inner conical sleeve; 621, sealing element; 7, extraction rod; 71, locking sleeve; 72, inner locking step; 73, injection flow channel. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] The following further describes the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following detailed implementation manners are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application according to the above application content.

[0037] Referring to the attached drawings of the specification Figures 1 to 14 , a dust prevention and suppression sampling device for geological and mineral exploration includes a drilling assembly 1, a drill pipe assembly 2, a walking drive assembly 3, a dust prevention and suppression assembly 4, and a sampling inner pipe 5. The drilling assembly 1 includes a drill rig 11 and a feed drive frame 12. The walking drive assembly 3 includes a walking machinery 31 and a control arm 32. The walking machinery 31 is used to drive the drilling assembly 1 to move, and the control arm 32 is used to drive the feed drive frame 12 to perform free movements such as swinging and lifting to adapt to the ground environment of the actual sampling point. The feed drive frame 12 is installed on the control arm 32, the drill rig 11 is slidably arranged on the feed drive frame 12, and a moving drive device for driving the drill rig 11 to move along the length direction of the feed drive frame 12 (specifically, mainly move vertically up and down) is arranged on the feed drive frame 12.

[0038] By adopting the above scheme, the sampling device can be moved and operated more conveniently to quickly perform multi-sampling point sampling, and can reduce the construction of the on-site drilling assembly 1, improve the sampling efficiency, and reduce the labor intensity of the staff.

[0039] The drill pipe assembly 2 includes a primary drill pipe 21 and multiple secondary drill pipes 22. The primary drill pipe 21 and the secondary drill pipes 22 have basically the same structure, and the inner and outer wall diameters of the primary drill pipe 21 are the same as those of the secondary drill pipes 22. The difference is that a drill head 23 is provided at the bottom of the primary drill pipe 21, and threaded docking structures are provided between the primary drill pipe 21 and the secondary drill pipes 22, between adjacent secondary drill pipes 22, between the primary drill pipe 21 and the output shaft of the drill rig 11, and between the secondary drill pipes 22 and the output shaft of the drill rig 11. Through the threaded docking structures, any assembly of the above structures can be achieved. Then, during actual drilling, every time a secondary drill pipe 22 is drilled in, the upper secondary drill pipe 22 can be undocked from the output end of the drill rig 11 by reverse rotation first, and then a new secondary drill pipe 22 is added. Subsequently, the added secondary drill pipe 22 is docked with the lower secondary drill pipe 22 and the output shaft of the upper drill rig 11, and then continuous drilling can be carried out. Thus, according to the actual sampling depth, the corresponding number of secondary drill pipes 22 is selected and the above operations are carried out in sequence, and continuous drilling and sampling can be carried out.

[0040] Among them, the sampling inner pipe 5 is arranged inside the primary drill pipe 21. A sealing cover 51 is installed at the top end of the sampling inner pipe 5. A locking component is arranged between the sealing cover 51 and the primary drill pipe 21. The locking component locks with the primary drill pipe 21 when the sampling inner pipe 5 is completely inserted into the primary drill pipe 21, so that the sampling inner pipe 5 is fixed in the primary drill pipe 21. Multiple groups of elastic pressing strips 52 are arranged at the bottom end of the sampling inner pipe 5, and a gap is arranged between adjacent two elastic pressing strips 52. The sealing cover 51 and the elastic pressing strips 52 can be an integral structure. For example, the sampling inner pipe 5 is made of transparent plastic such as PVC or a thin-walled metal structure, and multiple slits are cut at the bottom end of the sampling inner pipe 5 to form multiple elastic pressing strips 52. An inner convex platform for receiving the elastic pressing strips 52 and supporting the elastic pressing strips 52 is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the primary drill pipe 21, and the inner diameter of the inner convex platform is the same as the inner diameter of the sampling inner pipe 5, so as to cooperate with the locking component to stably fix the sampling inner pipe 5. Then, during the drilling process, as the primary drill pipe 21 continuously advances, the soil quality at the sampling point can gradually enter the inside of the sampling inner pipe 5.

[0041] It should be noted that for the sampling area without hard rocks (such as granite), the drill rig 11 can mainly use an impact-down drill rig. When controlling the feeding of the drill pipe assembly 2, mainly relying on the impact force to continuously press the drill pipe assembly 2 into the soil. At this time, the bottom end of the inner cavity of the primary drill pipe 21 can be set as a conical inner cavity, so that during the pressing process, a certain extrusion can be formed on the soil sample, and then it enters the sampling inner pipe 5. In addition, rotary drilling can also be adopted. At this time, the drill head 23 needs to select a drilling structure with a diamond drill bit at the bottom, and the conical inner cavity at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the above-mentioned primary drill pipe 21 can be retained. When facing the situation of having a hard rock stratum (in actual drilling, multiple primary drill pipes 21 can be equipped. During actual drilling, when judging the general soil conditions according to the drilling difficulty, then replace the corresponding primary drill pipe 21), a drilling structure with a diamond drill bit is mainly used. At this time, it should be noted that the inner diameter of the range where the width of the drill bit at the bottom of the drill head 23 rotates and cuts should be basically the same as the inner diameter of the sampling inner pipe 5, so as to avoid the columnar sample formed by cutting having too large a diameter and being unable to enter the sampling inner pipe 5.

[0042] In addition, a tightening controller 6 is also provided on the outer side of the bottom of the sampling inner pipe 5. The tightening controller 6 is used to squeeze the bottom area of each elastic pressing strip 52 and make the bottom area of the elastic pressing strip 52 generate an inward bending deformation when a single drilling is completed and sampling is required (that is, when the sampling inner pipe 5 starts to rise).

[0043] The extraction rod 7 can be selected as an integral rod or can be spliced by a multi-section rod structure with threads to adapt to different sampling depths. A lock sleeve 71 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the extraction rod 7. An unlocking structure for unlocking the locking structure on the sealing cover 51 is provided in the lock sleeve 71, and a clamping structure for clamping with the sealing cover 51 is also provided in the lock sleeve 71. Furthermore, when a single drilling reaches the corresponding depth (at the beginning, it is the depth of the primary drill pipe 21, and then each time a secondary drill pipe 22 is added, it is the depth of continuing to drill one section of the secondary drill pipe 22), the docking between the output end of the drill rig 11 and the secondary drill pipe 22 (or the primary drill pipe 21 at the beginning) is released, and the drill rig 11 is driven to rise to the highest point, or directly drive the walking machine 31 to move to the rear position to avoid the drill rig 11 affecting the work of the extraction rod 7. Then the extraction rod 7 is extended down into the primary drill pipe 21, referring to the attached Figure 3, align the latch sleeve 71 with the plugging cover 51. After contacting the latch between the plugging cover 51 and the primary drill pipe 21, lift the extraction rod 7. Then, by means of the engagement between the latch sleeve 71 and the plugging cover 51 at this time, the sampling inner pipe 5 can be lifted upward. At the same time, the tightening controller 6 squeezes the bottom area of the elastic pressing strip 52, causing all the elastic pressing strips 52 to bend inward, thereby forming a certain extrusion on the soil sample entering the sampling inner pipe 5. (For soft soil, the internal pressure of each elastic pressing strip 52 can relatively compress the bottom of the soil sample, making the soil more compact, so that it can be more effectively retained in the sampling inner pipe 5. For hard rock formations, the inward extrusion of each elastic pressing strip 52 can increase the friction with the columnar soil sample of the rock. However, it should be noted that when encountering hard rock formations, before sampling, the drill pipe assembly 2 needs to be shaken first, or the corresponding setting is used to cause the bottom hard rock formation and the rock column formed by drilling to break, so as to separate). Thus, it can be ensured that the sampling inner pipe 5 can effectively bring out the soil sample inside it when rising, and further effectively avoid the situation where the soil sample partially or completely falls off and cannot be taken out when the sampling inner pipe 5 is extracted, greatly improving the integrity and accuracy of sampling, reducing the occurrence of sampling errors, and thus improving the sampling efficiency. And each time the sampling inner pipe 5 is extracted, a new set of sampling inner pipes 5 can be reinstalled downward into the primary drill pipe 21. After the new sampling inner pipe 5 is clamped and fixed with the primary drill pipe 21, add a secondary drill pipe 22 and connect the secondary drill pipe 22 to the drilling rig 11, and continue drilling. In this cycle, each time a secondary drill pipe 22 is drilled, the sampling inner pipe 5 is extracted once until the sampling at the final depth is completed. And mark and store the extracted sampling inner pipes 5 in sequence, then the soil samples can be marked and stored according to the soil depth, which is beneficial to the identification of soil samples and more beneficial to the detection of soil according to different depths, so as to obtain more detailed detection information.

[0044] It should be noted that the mobile driving device on the feed driving frame 12 can adopt a hydraulic cylinder, a motor screw rod, and common wheel and cable structures, etc. The drilling rig 11 is used to drive the drill pipe assembly 2 to drill, and the drilling rig 11 can be selected as an impact drive or a rotary drive according to the actual situation. Regarding the traveling drive assembly 3, the traveling machine 31 can adopt various small mobile vehicles, such as wheeled vehicles and crawler vehicles, and is equipped with common control arms (such as a series of control structures such as rotation and swing, and specifically, the operating structure of engineering machinery such as excavators can be referred to). According to the actual use situation, the on-site personnel manually operate the traveling drive assembly 3 to travel or control the drilling assembly 1 to generate corresponding movements so that the drill pipe assembly 2 reaches and aligns with the sampling point. Since the drilling assembly 1 used in this embodiment can directly select commonly used drilling equipment on the market, and the traveling drive assembly 3 can also select commonly used corresponding mobile carts and robotic arm structures (for example, improving a small excavator and replacing the bucket with the drilling assembly 1 of this embodiment), therefore, the detailed structure and working principle are not elaborated in this embodiment.

[0045] Refer to the attached drawings of the specification Figures 5 to 7 In this embodiment, a solution for the tightening controller 6 is provided. Specifically, the tightening controller 6 is a tightening rope 61. An insertion ring 53 is fixedly connected to the outside of the bottom end of the elastic pressing strip 52. Both ends of the tightening rope 61 surround the sampling inner tube 5, pass through all the insertion rings 53, and then extend upward and are fixedly connected to the sealing cover 51. In this solution, the top end of the sampling inner tube 5 is slidably inserted into the sealing cover 51. A limiting groove 55 is provided on the side wall of the top end of the sampling inner tube 5. A limiting insertion rod 56 is fixedly installed in the sealing cover 51. The limiting insertion rod 56 is slidably matched with the limiting groove 55, thereby forming a restriction on the sliding area of the sampling inner tube 5. Among them, multiple groups of tightening ropes 61 can also be provided, and corresponding guiding rings 54 are provided on the outer wall of the sampling inner tube 5, so that the tightening ropes 61 pass through the guiding rings 54 upward and then are connected to the sealing cover 51, thereby guiding the vertical part of the tightening ropes 61 by means of the guiding rings 54.

[0046] During actual use, when the sampling inner tube 5 is inserted into the primary drill pipe 21, the bottom of the sampling inner tube 5 is restricted by the inner convex platform and locked by the upper locking assembly, so that the sampling inner tube 5 is completely inserted into the sealing cover 51. At this time, the tightening rope 61 is in a relaxed state, and the elastic pressing strip 52 is in an undeformed state, so that it can adapt to the drilling of the primary drill pipe 21 and allow the soil sample to smoothly enter the sampling inner tube 5. When it is necessary to extract the sampling inner tube 5, the extraction rod 7 first lifts the sealing cover 51 upward. Affected by the gravity of the sampling inner tube 5 itself and the soil sample inside the sampling inner tube 5, the tightening rope 61 can form a tightening extrusion on the bottom of the elastic pressing strip 52, and then all the elastic pressing strips 52 deform inward synchronously to squeeze the soil sample.

[0047] In addition, refer to the attached drawings of the specification Figures 8 to 10, this embodiment also provides another solution for the tightening controller 6. Specifically, the tightening controller 6 is an inner conical sleeve 62. The inner cavity of the inner conical sleeve 62 is a conical cavity with a larger bottom and a smaller top. The inner conical sleeve 62 is sleeved outside the bottom end of the sampling inner tube 5. A convex portion 57 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the elastic pressing strip 52. The convex portion 57 is slidably adapted to the conical surface of the inner conical cavity of the inner conical sleeve 62. A pressing block 58 is arranged at the position corresponding to the top of the inner conical sleeve 62 on the outer wall of the sampling inner tube 5. In this solution, the top end of the sampling inner tube 5 can be directly fixedly connected to the plugging cover 51 without sliding. A damping structure is arranged on the inner conical sleeve 62, and this damping structure is used to form damping with the inner walls of the primary drill pipe 21 and the secondary drill pipe 22.

[0048] During actual use, when the sampling inner tube 5 is inserted into the primary drill pipe 21, when the sampling inner tube 5 is inserted downward, the pressing block 58 squeezes the inner conical sleeve 62, causing the bottom end of the inner conical sleeve 62 to move down to the lowest position, that is, to contact the inner boss of the primary drill pipe 21 together with the elastic pressing strip 52. When it is necessary to extract the sampling inner tube 5, the sampling inner tube 5 rises one step ahead of the inner conical sleeve 62, thereby causing the inner conical sleeve 62 to descend relative to the sampling inner tube 5, and then causing the inner conical cavity of the inner conical sleeve 62 to gradually squeeze the convex portion 57, so that the elastic pressing strip 52 deforms inward and squeezes the soil sample.

[0049] In the above embodiment, refer to the attached drawings of the specification Figure 7, the locking component is a locking rod 511. The locking rod 511 is installed horizontally and slidably in the plugging cover 51, and an elastic member, such as a spring, is provided between the locking rod 511 and the plugging cover 51. This elastic member is used to provide an outward moving elastic force to the locking rod 511. A locking groove 211 that engages with the locking rod 511 is provided inside the primary drill pipe 21. The locking sleeve 71 is of a cylindrical structure, and the unlocking structure and the engaging structure inside the locking sleeve 71 are internal engaging steps 72. The internal engaging steps 72 are convex ring structures formed inside the locking sleeve 71. A wedge-shaped buckle 512 is fixedly connected to the locking rod 511. The outer side of the wedge-shaped buckle 512 is the engaging part. The bottom port of the locking sleeve 71 is provided as a tapered opening. The top of the wedge-shaped buckle 512 is provided with an inclined surface structure that slidably fits with the tapered opening at the bottom of the locking sleeve 71. When the locking sleeve 71 is butted against the top of the plugging cover 51, the tapered opening at the bottom of the locking sleeve 71 squeezes the wedge-shaped buckle 512, causing the wedge-shaped buckle 512 to move, and then causing the locking rod 511 to leave the locking groove 211 to complete unlocking. At the same time, after the wedge-shaped buckle 512 enters the inner cavity of the extraction rod 7, it forms a reverse engagement with the internal engaging step 72. Subsequently, by lifting the extraction rod 7, the plugging cover 51 and the sampling inner tube 5 as a whole can be taken out. After taking out, by squeezing the locking rod 511 from the outside inward, the wedge-shaped buckle 512 can be disengaged from the internal engaging step 72. In addition, a positioning post 513 is provided at the top of the plugging cover 51, and a slot structure that slidably plugs with the positioning post 513 is provided inside the locking sleeve 71 to facilitate the positioning of the locking sleeve 71 and ensure accurate unlocking of the locking rod 511.

[0050] In the above embodiment, in order to avoid excessive pulling resistance caused by the sampling inner tube 5 being in too close contact with the primary drill pipe 21, a gap is provided between the main body part of the sampling inner tube 5 and the inner wall of the primary drill pipe 21. Therefore, in actual use, the primary drill pipe 21 cannot directly transmit an internal extrusion support force to the sampling inner tube 5. When in the actual sampling process, there are many rock layers and the required sample diameter is relatively large (that is, the diameter of the primary drill pipe 21 is relatively large during drilling), the soil samples in the sampling inner tube 5 after sampling are basically rock columns. During extraction, the gravity of the rock columns is relatively large, and the resistance provided by the elastic pressing strip 52 pressing inward on the rock columns is relatively insufficient. Therefore, there is a risk of the rock columns slipping downward during the extraction process. Especially when initially lifting the sampling inner tube 5, the rock columns will still form a residual connection with the rock layer, resulting in the rock columns being more likely to slip during the initial extraction. For this reason, this embodiment also provides the following solution. Specifically, refer to the attached drawings of the specification. Figures 11 to 13, the sampling inner tube 5 is a thin-walled elastic member. For example, a plastic thin-walled barrel structure is used. The damping member on the inner conical sleeve 62 is a seal 621. The seal 621 is fixedly installed at the top of the inner conical sleeve 62 to form seals between the inner conical sleeve 62 and the inner wall of the primary drill pipe 21 (or secondary drill pipe 22), and between the inner conical sleeve 62 and the sampling inner tube 5. A flow injection channel 73 is provided in the locking sleeve 71. The flow injection channel 73 is connected to a high-pressure water injection pump through a pipeline. A guiding flow channel 514 corresponding to the flow injection channel 73 is provided in the plugging cover 51. An liquid outlet groove 515 is provided on the side wall of the plugging cover 51. The guiding flow channel 514 communicates with the liquid outlet groove 515.

[0051] During actual use, before lifting the sampling inner tube 5, water is first injected into the flow injection channel 73, so that the water source flows through the flow injection channel 73 and the guiding flow channel 514 to the liquid outlet groove 515 on the outer wall of the locking rod 511, and then the gap between the outer wall of the sampling inner tube 5 and the primary drill pipe 21 is filled with water. Among them, leakage is allowed between the plugging cover 51 and the primary drill pipe 21 or between the inner conical sleeve 62 and the primary drill pipe 21. Under the high-pressure water injection of the high-pressure water pump, even if leakage occurs, the water outside the sampling inner tube 5 can have a certain pressure, and then the resistance between the sampling inner tube 5 and the rock column can be increased by means of this pressure. At the same time, when the sampling inner tube 5 starts to be lifted, it can help to push the inner conical sleeve 62 to move downward relative to the sampling inner tube 5. Then, during the rising process of the sampling inner tube 5, the overall carrying capacity of the soil sample inside the sampling inner tube 5 can be improved. When the sampling inner tube 5 is about to be taken out, when the sampling inner tube 5 is initially exposed (at this time, the sampling inner tube 5 is not completely removed, and there is still a part of water remaining between the secondary drill pipe 22 at the top and the sampling inner tube 5, which can still provide a certain water pressure), large pliers or other fixing parts can be used to clamp and squeeze the outer wall of the sampling inner tube 5, and then the soil sample can be taken out completely in cooperation with the lifting of the sampling inner tube 5. And because the inner conical sleeve 62 has enough thrust to move downward relative to the sampling inner tube 5 under the action of water pressure at the beginning of extraction, the displacement of the inner conical sleeve 62 relative to the convex part 57 can be increased, and the extrusion effect of the inner conical sleeve 62 on the elastic pressing strip 52 can be improved, and then the pressure and carrying capacity of the elastic pressing strip 52 on the bottom end of the soil sample can be improved.

[0052] In addition, referring to the attached drawings of the specification Figure 13 , a V-shaped groove structure is provided at the top of the seal 621. Then, under the action of water pressure, the sealing effect between the seal 621 and the primary drill pipe 21 (or secondary drill pipe 22) and the sampling inner tube 5 can be strengthened, the water outflow from here can be reduced, and the pushing effect of water pressure on the inner conical sleeve 62 can be improved.

[0053] Further, in the above embodiments, since the present sampling device can be adapted to a variety of sampling environments, when facing an environment with dry ground and a large amount of dust, the initial drilling of the primary drill pipe 21 will cause the ground ash to fly and form dust. First, it affects the sampling environment, and second, it is easy to form flying gravel, causing potential safety hazards. Therefore, the present embodiment also provides the following solutions. Refer to the attached drawings of the specification. Figure 2 and Figure 14 , specifically, the dust prevention component 4 includes a protective cover 41. The protective cover 41 is installed at the bottom end of the feed drive frame 12. A double-cone surface pressing ring 42 is fixedly installed inside the protective cover 41. The top and bottom of the double-cone surface pressing ring 42 are both set as conical surfaces. Guide holes for accommodating the primary drill pipe 21 and the secondary drill pipe 22 to pass through are provided in both the protective cover 41 and the double-cone surface pressing ring 42. An atomizing nozzle 43 is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the protective cover 41. The atomizing nozzle 43 is connected to a water pump structure through a pipeline.

[0054] Before the drilling starts, after driving the drilling component 1 to move to the designated position by the traveling drive component 3, adjust the angle of the feed drive frame 12, and then lower the feed drive frame 12 to make the protective cover 41 contact the ground. At the same time, press the lower conical surface of the double-cone surface pressing ring 42 into the ground soil layer to compact the area to be drilled. Then start to install the drill pipe assembly 2, and drive the drill pipe assembly 2 to start drilling with the aid of the drill rig 11. During drilling, the drill pipe assembly 2 passes through the guide holes in the protective cover 41 and the double-cone surface pressing ring 42. Since the double-cone surface pressing ring 42 has compacted the soil layer in the area near the drill hole (the double-cone surface pressing ring 42 can also guide and orient the drill pipe assembly 2 to improve the drilling accuracy), the generation of dust can be reduced, especially the generation of flying stones can be avoided. At the same time, the protective cover 41 can effectively block the drill hole area to further prevent the diffusion of dust. When necessary, dust can be reduced by spraying through the atomizing nozzle 43. The above protective cover 41 and double-cone surface pressing ring 42 can be assembled by two sets of structures, so as to control the separation of the two sets of structures when the drilling component 1 and the traveling drive component 3 need to leave to avoid interference. For example, the two sets of structures can be slidably installed at the bottom of the feed drive frame 12, and their separation or combination can be controlled manually or by adding a linear drive structure (such as a hydraulic cylinder).

[0055] It should be noted that the sampling inner tube 5 provided in this embodiment can be reused, and a detachable installation structure can be used between the plugging cover 51 and the sampling inner tube 5 for detachable connection. Thus, when the sampling inner tube 5 encounters a situation where it cannot be reused, the plugging cover 51 can be recycled. Moreover, in the case of limited conditions, one or two sets of plugging covers 51 can be set to cooperate with multiple sets of sampling inner tubes 5. That is, after extracting the sampling inner tube 5, the plugging cover 51 is installed on a new sampling inner tube 5, and the plugging cover 51 can be recycled, relatively reducing the use cost of the equipment.

[0056] Referring to the attached drawings of the specification Figure 15 , the present invention also provides a dust-proof sampling method for geological and mineral exploration, including the following steps: Step 1: Operate the walking drive assembly 3 to drive the feed drive frame 12 to reach the sampling area, and adjust the angle of the feed drive frame 12 to make it vertical; Step 2: Dock the primary drill pipe 21 equipped with the sampling inner pipe 5 with the output shaft of the drill rig 11, and drive the drill rig 11 to start descending, so that the drill rig 11 drives the primary drill pipe 21 to start drilling; Step 3: After the primary drill pipe 21 is drilled, the drill rig 11 stops, drives the drill rig 11 away from the sampling area, inserts the extraction rod 7 into the primary drill pipe 21, makes the locking sleeve 71 dock with the sealing cover 51, unlocks the sealing cover 51, and lifts the extraction rod 7 to pull out the sampling inner pipe 5 to obtain a soil sample, and mark this sample according to the existing drilling depth; Step 4: Load a new set of sampling inner pipes 5 into the primary drill pipe 21, dock a secondary drill pipe 22 at the top of the primary drill pipe 21, dock this secondary drill pipe 22 with the output shaft of the drill rig 11, and drive the drill rig 11 to start descending again, so that the drill rig 11 drives the primary drill pipe 21 to continue drilling; Step 5: After this secondary drill pipe 22 is drilled, repeat the above Step 3; Step 6: Load a new set of sampling inner pipes 5 into the primary drill pipe 21, dock a new secondary drill pipe 22 at the top of the original secondary drill pipe 22, dock this secondary drill pipe 22 with the output shaft of the drill rig 11, and drive the drill rig 11 to start descending again, so that the drill rig 11 drives the primary drill pipe 21 to continue drilling; Step 7: Repeat the above Steps 5 and 6 until all the soil samples within the required sampling depth are collected.

[0057] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust-proof sampling device for geological and mineral exploration, characterized in that: It includes a drilling assembly (1), a drill pipe assembly (2), a sampling inner pipe (5), and an extraction rod (7). The drilling assembly (1) includes a drilling rig (11) and a feed drive frame (12). The drill pipe assembly (2) includes a primary drill pipe (21) and multiple secondary drill pipes (22). The sampling inner pipe (5) is arranged inside the primary drill pipe (21). A sealing cover (51) is installed at the top end of the sampling inner pipe (5). A locking component is arranged between the sealing cover (51) and the primary drill pipe (21). Multiple groups of elastic pressing strips (52) are arranged at the bottom end of the sampling inner pipe (5). An inner convex platform that contacts and cooperates with the bottom end of the elastic pressing strip (52) is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the primary drill pipe (21). A tightening controller (6) is further arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the sampling inner pipe (5). The tightening controller (6) is used to cause the elastic pressing strip (52) to generate an inward bending deformation. A locking sleeve (71) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the extraction rod (7). An unlocking structure and a clamping structure are arranged in the locking sleeve (71).

2. The anti-dust sampling device for geological and mineral exploration according to claim 1, wherein: The locking component is a locking rod (511). The locking rod (511) is horizontally slidably installed in the sealing cover (51). An elastic member is arranged between the locking rod (511) and the sealing cover (51). The elastic member is used to provide an outward moving elastic force to the locking rod (511). A locking groove (211) that is mutually engaged with the locking rod (511) is arranged inside the primary drill pipe (21). The locking sleeve (71) is of a cylindrical structure. The unlocking structure and the clamping structure inside the locking sleeve (71) are an inner clamping step (72). The inner clamping step (72) is a convex ring structure formed inside the locking sleeve (71). A wedge-shaped buckle (512) is fixedly connected to the locking rod (511). The bottom port of the locking sleeve (71) is set as a conical port. The top of the wedge-shaped buckle (512) is set as an inclined surface structure that is mutually slidably adapted to the bottom conical port of the locking sleeve (71).

3. The anti-dust sampling device for geological and mineral exploration according to claim 2, wherein: The tightening controller (6) is a tightening rope (61). A through ring (53) is fixedly connected to the outside of the bottom end of the elastic pressing strip (52). Both ends of the tightening rope (61) pass around the sampling inner pipe (5), penetrate through all the through rings (53), and then extend upward and are fixedly connected to the sealing cover (51). The top end of the sampling inner pipe (5) is slidably inserted into the sealing cover (51). A limiting groove (55) is arranged on the side wall of the top end of the sampling inner pipe (5). A limiting insertion rod (56) is fixedly installed in the sealing cover (51). The limiting insertion rod (56) is slidably adapted to the limiting groove (55).

4. The anti-dust sampling device for geological and mineral exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tightening controller (6) is an inner conical sleeve (62). The inner cavity of the inner conical sleeve (62) is a conical cavity. The inner conical sleeve (62) is sleeved outside the bottom end of the sampling inner tube (5). A convex portion (57) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the elastic pressing strip (52). The convex portion (57) is slidably adapted to the conical surface of the inner conical cavity inside the inner conical sleeve (62). A pressing block (58) is arranged on the outer wall of the sampling inner tube (5) corresponding to the top of the inner conical sleeve (62). The top end of the sampling inner tube (5) is fixedly connected to the sealing cover (51). A damping structure is arranged on the inner conical sleeve (62).

5. The anti-dust sampling device for geological and mineral exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sampling inner tube (5) is a thin-walled elastic member. A flow injection channel (73) is arranged in the locking sleeve (71). The flow injection channel (73) is connected to a high-pressure water injection pump through a pipeline. A guiding flow channel (514) corresponding to the flow injection channel (73) is arranged in the sealing cover (51). A liquid outlet groove (515) is arranged on the side wall of the sealing cover (51). The guiding flow channel (514) is communicated with the liquid outlet groove (515).

6. The anti-dust sampling device for geological and mineral exploration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The damping member on the inner conical sleeve (62) is a sealing member (621). The sealing member (621) is fixedly installed at the top end of the inner conical sleeve (62). A V-shaped groove structure is arranged at the top of the sealing member (621).

7. The anti-dust sampling device for geological and mineral exploration according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that: A drill head (23) is arranged at the bottom of the primary drill pipe (21). Threaded docking structures are arranged between the primary drill pipe (21) and the secondary drill pipe (22), between adjacent secondary drill pipes (22), between the primary drill pipe (21) and the output shaft of the drill rig (11), and between the secondary drill pipe (22) and the output shaft of the drill rig (11).

8. The anti-dust sampling device for geological and mineral exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sampling device further includes a walking drive assembly (3). The walking drive assembly (3) includes a walking machine (31) and a control arm (32). The walking machine (31) is used to drive the drilling assembly (1) to walk. The control arm (32) is used to drive the feed drive frame (12) to swing and move up and down to adapt to the ground environment of the actual sampling point. The feed drive frame (12) is installed on the control arm (32). The drill rig (11) is slidably arranged on the feed drive frame (12). A moving drive device for driving the drill rig (11) to move is arranged on the feed drive frame (12).

9. The anti-dust sampling device for geological and mineral exploration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sampling device further includes a dust-proof component (4). The dust-proof component (4) includes a protective cover (41). The protective cover (41) is installed at the bottom end of the feed drive frame (12). A double-conical surface pressing ring (42) is fixedly installed inside the protective cover (41). The top and bottom of the double-conical surface pressing ring (42) are both conical surfaces. Guide holes for accommodating the primary drill pipe (21) and the secondary drill pipe (22) to pass through are arranged in both the protective cover (41) and the double-conical surface pressing ring (42). An atomizing nozzle (43) is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the protective cover (41). The atomizing nozzle (43) is connected to a water pump structure through a pipeline.

10. A sampling method of the anti-dust sampling device for geological and mineral exploration as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step 1: operate the travel drive assembly (3) to drive the feed drive frame (12) to reach the sampling area, and adjust the angle of the feed drive frame (12) to make it vertical; Step 2: docking the primary drill pipe (21) equipped with the sampling inner tube (5) with the output shaft of the drilling machine (11), and driving the drilling machine (11) to start descending, so that the drilling machine (11) drives the primary drill pipe (21) to start drilling; Step 3: After the primary drill pipe (21) is drilled in, the drilling machine (11) is stopped and driven away from the sampling area. The extraction rod (7) is inserted into the primary drill pipe (21), the locking sleeve (71) is docked with the blocking cover (51), the blocking cover (51) is unlocked, and the extraction rod (7) is pulled up to pull out the sampling inner tube (5) to obtain a soil sample; Step 4: insert a new set of sampling inner tubes (5) into the primary drill pipe (21), and dock a section of secondary drill pipe (22) on the top of the primary drill pipe (21), dock the section of secondary drill pipe (22) with the output shaft of the drilling rig (11), and drive the drilling rig (11) to start descending again, so that the drilling rig (11) drives the primary drill pipe (21) to continue drilling; Step 5: After the secondary drill pipe (22) is drilled in, repeat the above step 3; Step 6: insert a new set of sampling inner tubes (5) into the primary drill pipe (21), and dock a new section of secondary drill pipe (22) on the top of the original secondary drill pipe (22), dock the section of secondary drill pipe (22) with the output shaft of the drilling machine (11), and drive the drilling machine (11) to start descending again, so that the drilling machine (11) drives the primary drill pipe (21) to continue drilling; Step 7. Repeat steps 5 and 6 above until all soil samples within the required sampling depth are collected.

Images