Well track drilling difficulty evaluation method and device, medium and equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a well track drilling difficulty evaluation method and device, a medium and equipment. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a horizontal projection and a vertical projection of a borehole trajectory, obtaining a first hole drift angle and a second hole drift angle of a target section based on the vertical projection, and obtaining a horizontal azimuth angle of the target section based on the horizontal projection; according to the first hole drift angle, the second hole drift angle and the horizontal azimuth angle, the full-angle change rate of the target section is calculated; the axial force borne by the drilling tool is calculated by combining the length of the target section and the drilling pressure of the drilling tool; the bending additional contact force is calculated by combining the effective weight per unit length of the tubular column; the frictional resistance of the target section is calculated by combining the frictional resistance borne by the drilling tool at the starting point of the target section; according to the bending additional contact force, the length of the target section, the friction torque borne by the drilling tool at the starting point of the target section and the outer diameter of the drilling tool, the friction torque is calculated; and according to the friction resistance and the friction torque, the drilling difficulty level of the well track is determined. According to the scheme, the drilling difficulty can be accurately evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field drilling, and in particular to a method, device, medium and equipment for evaluating the difficulty of wellbore trajectory drilling. Background Art

[0002] With the growing demand for oil in modern society, oil exploration and development has become globalized, and drilling construction areas are spread all over the world. The problems faced by drilling engineering design and construction are becoming more and more complicated, and safety problems often arise during the drilling process. Therefore, before drilling, the difficulty of drilling construction should be fully evaluated so that construction personnel can fully understand the difficulty of specific drilling work and improve the success rate of drilling.

[0003] There are two main existing methods for evaluating drilling difficulty. The first method calculates the friction resistance or friction torque during the drilling process and then evaluates the drilling difficulty based on the friction resistance and friction torque.

[0004] Since the existing technology calculates the friction resistance or friction torque in the drilling process mainly through empirical estimation or simplified engineering models, many variables that affect the friction resistance and friction torque are ignored in the calculation process. Therefore, the calculated friction resistance and friction torque are not accurate enough, resulting in an inaccurate evaluation of the drilling difficulty. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a method, device, medium and equipment for evaluating the difficulty of wellbore trajectory drilling in order to address the technical problem that the existing technology cannot accurately evaluate the difficulty of drilling.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory, the method comprising: Obtaining horizontal and vertical projections of the wellbore trajectory; For each target section in the wellbore trajectory, based on the vertical direction projection, obtain the first well inclination angle and the second well inclination angle at the two endpoints of the target section, and based on the horizontal direction projection, obtain the horizontal azimuth angle of the target section; according to the first well inclination angle, the second well inclination angle and the horizontal azimuth angle, calculate the full angle change rate of the target section; according to the full angle change rate, the length of the target section and the weight on bit of the drill string, calculate the axial force suffered by the drill string during drilling in the target section; according to the axial force, the full angle change rate and the effective weight per unit length of the pipe string used in the wellbore trajectory, calculate the additional bending contact force suffered by the drill string during drilling in the target section; according to the additional bending contact force, the length of the target section and the frictional resistance suffered by the drill string at the starting point of the target section, calculate the frictional resistance suffered by the drill string during drilling in the target section; according to the additional bending contact force, the length of the target section, the frictional torque suffered by the drill string at the starting point of the target section and the outer diameter of the drill string, calculate the frictional torque suffered by the drill string during drilling in the target section, and obtain the frictional resistance and the frictional torque suffered by the drill string during drilling in each target section; Determine the drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory according to the frictional resistance and the frictional torque suffered by the drill string during drilling in each target section.

[0007] Further, according to the first well inclination angle, the second well inclination angle and the horizontal azimuth angle, calculate the full angle change rate of the target section, and the specific expression is: ; ; wherein, γ is the full angle change rate of the target section, is the average well inclination angle of the target section, is the first well inclination angle, is the second well inclination angle, is the difference between the first well inclination angle and the second well inclination angle, is the difference between the horizontal azimuth angles at the two endpoints of the target section.

[0008] Further, according to the full angle change rate, the length of the target section and the weight on bit of the drill string, calculate the axial force suffered by the drill string during drilling in the target section, and the specific expression is: ; wherein, T en is the axial force, is the weight on bit of the drill string, is the effective weight per unit length of the pipe string used in the wellbore trajectory, is thei +1 The length between the end of the track near the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well, For the i The length between the end of the track closest to the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well. L i+1 is the length of the target segment, γ is the full angle change rate of the target segment.

[0009] Furthermore, the additional bending contact force on which the drilling tool is subjected when drilling in the target section is calculated according to the axial force, the full angle change rate and the effective weight per unit length of the tubing string used for the wellbore trajectory. The specific expression is: ; in, F The additional contact force for the bend, q ei is the effective weight per unit length of the tubing string used in the wellbore trajectory, γ is the full angle change rate of the target segment, T en is the axial force, R is the curvature radius of the vertical projection of the target segment.

[0010] Furthermore, according to the additional bending contact force, the length of the target section and the friction resistance encountered by the drill bit at the starting point of the target section, the friction resistance encountered by the drill bit when drilling in the target section is calculated. The specific expression is: ; in, F Add a contact force for the bend, T i is the friction resistance encountered by the drilling tool at the starting point of the target section, T i+1 is the friction resistance encountered by the drilling tool at the end point of the target section, For the i +1 The length between the end of the track near the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well, For the i The length between the end of the track closest to the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well. is the length of the target segment, μ is the friction coefficient.

[0011] Furthermore, according to the additional bending contact force, the length of the target section, the friction torque of the drill bit at the starting point of the target section and the outer diameter of the drill bit, the friction torque of the drill bit when drilling in the target section is calculated. The specific expression is: ; in, M i is the friction torque of the drilling tool at the starting point of the target segment, is the friction torque experienced by the drilling tool at the end point of the target segment, For the i +1 The length between the end of the track near the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well, For the i The length between the end of the track closest to the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well. is the length of the target segment, μ is the friction coefficient, r o is the outer diameter of the drill bit.

[0012] Further, according to the friction resistance and friction torque encountered by the drilling tool when drilling in each target section, the drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory is determined, specifically including: The drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory in the target section is determined according to the numerical ranges of the friction resistance of the target section and the friction torque of the target section.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a wellbore trajectory drilling difficulty evaluation device, comprising: An acquisition module, used to acquire horizontal and vertical projections of the wellbore trajectory; A calculation module is used for obtaining, for each target segment in the wellbore trajectory, a first well inclination angle and a second well inclination angle of the target segment at two end points based on the vertical projection, and obtaining a horizontal azimuth angle of the target segment based on the horizontal projection; calculating a full-angle change rate of the target segment based on the first well inclination angle, the second well inclination angle and the horizontal azimuth angle; calculating an axial force exerted on the drill bit when drilling in the target segment based on the full-angle change rate, the length of the target segment and the drilling pressure of the drill bit; and calculating a horizontal azimuth angle based on the axial force, the full-angle change rate and the unit length of the pipe string used in the wellbore trajectory. The effective weight of the drill bit is used to calculate the additional contact force of bending that the drill bit is subjected to when drilling the target segment; the friction resistance that the drill bit is subjected to when drilling the target segment is calculated according to the additional contact force of bending, the length of the target segment and the friction resistance that the drill bit is subjected to at the starting point of the target segment; the friction torque that the drill bit is subjected to when drilling the target segment is calculated according to the additional contact force of bending, the length of the target segment, the friction torque that the drill bit is subjected to at the starting point of the target segment and the outer diameter of the drill bit, so as to obtain the friction resistance and friction torque that the drill bit is subjected to when drilling each target segment; The determination module is used to determine the drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory according to the friction resistance and friction torque encountered by the drilling tool when drilling in each target section.

[0014] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory is implemented.

[0015] The present invention provides a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory when executing the program.

[0016] At least one technical solution adopted by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: the present invention can accurately obtain the well inclination angle and the horizontal azimuth angle of each target segment at two end points based on the horizontal projection and the vertical projection of the wellbore trajectory, so as to accurately calculate the full angle change rate of the target segment according to the well inclination angle and the horizontal azimuth angle of the target segment at two end points. Further, based on the calculated full angle change rate and the length of the target segment, combined with the drilling pressure of the drill bit, the axial force borne by each target segment is calculated; based on the axial force and the full angle change rate, combined with the effective weight per unit length of the pipe string used in the wellbore trajectory, the bending additional contact force of each target segment is calculated; based on the bending additional contact force and the length of the target segment, combined with the friction resistance of the drill bit at the starting point of each target segment, the friction resistance of the drill bit in drilling each target segment is accurately calculated, and based on the bending additional contact force and the length of each target segment, combined with the friction torque of the drill bit at the starting point of the target segment and the outer diameter of the drill bit, the friction torque of the drill bit in drilling each target segment is calculated. Through the above scheme, when calculating multiple intermediate variables of friction resistance and friction torque, the friction resistance and friction torque of the target section can be accurately obtained by combining the properties of multiple target sections and the parameters of the drilling tool, thereby achieving an accurate evaluation of the difficulty of drilling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The vertical projection and horizontal projection of the wellbore trajectory provided by the present invention in the target section; Figure 3 A three-dimensional trajectory diagram of the wellbore trajectory provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A curve diagram of the friction resistance encountered by the drilling tool provided by the present invention when working in the target section; Figure 5A curve diagram of the friction torque to which the drilling tool provided by the present invention is subjected when working in the target section; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a wellbore trajectory drilling difficulty evaluation device provided by the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a computer device for implementing a wellbore trajectory drilling difficulty evaluation method provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The server mentioned in the present invention can be a server set on a business platform, or a device such as a desktop computer, a laptop computer, etc. that can execute the solution of the present invention. For the convenience of description, the following description is only based on the server as the execution subject. The following is a detailed description of the technical solutions provided by various embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory, which specifically includes the following steps: S10: Obtain the horizontal projection and the vertical projection of the wellbore trajectory.

[0021] In this embodiment, the wellbore trajectory refers to all trajectories from the wellhead to the bottom of the well. Figure 2 , Figure 2 (a) is the vertical projection of the wellbore trajectory in the target section. Figure 2 (b) in the figure is the horizontal projection of the borehole trajectory in the target section, where N represents the north-south displacement and E represents the east-west displacement. In this embodiment, the target section of the borehole trajectory is a cylindrical spiral with a constant helical angle, i.e., the inclination section of the borehole trajectory. The inclination section refers to the section of the well where the drilling tool is used for directional inclination during the drilling process. In this section of the well, the borehole trajectory gradually turns from the vertical direction to the oblique direction to achieve the desired inclination angle. The horizontal direction refers to the direction parallel to the ground, i.e. Figure 2 In (a), the S direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the ground, that is, Figure 2 The H direction in (a). Well inclination refers to the angle between the central axis of a point in an oil or water well and the plumb line of the earth, which is used to indicate the inclination of the wellbore trajectory.

[0022] refer to Figure 1, the vertical and horizontal projections of the target segment are both arcs. The arc length between the starting point A and a certain point M of the vertical projection of the target segment is represented. B is the end point of the vertical projection. The well inclination angle at point B is the second well inclination angle. Represents the arc length between the starting point of the horizontal projection and a certain point M.

[0023] From the arc length formula, we know that R and r The calculation formulas are: ; ; in, R represents the radius of curvature of the vertical projection, is the curvature constant of the vertical projection, is the well inclination angle of the starting point A, that is, the first well inclination angle. r represents the radius of curvature of the horizontal projection, is the curvature constant of the horizontal projection.

[0024] Specifically, the well inclination angle of a point M in the vertical projection of the target segment The first well inclination The relationship expression is: ; in, R represents the curvature radius of the vertical projection, L 0 is the projection position of the starting point A in the vertical direction, L is the projection position of a point M in the target segment in the vertical direction, that is, = L - L 0 .

[0025] Specifically, the horizontal azimuth of a point M in the horizontal projection of the target segment Horizontal azimuth from starting point A The relationship expression is: ; in, r represents the radius of curvature of the horizontal projection, S 0 is the horizontal projection position of the starting point A, S is the horizontal projection position of a point M in the target segment, that is, S= S - S 0 .

[0026] Specifically, the calculation formula for the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of a point M in the target segment is: (sin ); ( ); (sin ); refer to Figure 3 , the starting point coordinates of the target segment are (0, 0, -1000), and the ending point coordinates of the target segment are (200, 100, -1200), where the units of X, Y, and Z coordinates are meters.

[0027] S20: For each target segment in the borehole trajectory, the first well inclination angle and the second well inclination angle of the target segment at the two end points are obtained based on the vertical projection, and the horizontal azimuth angle of the target segment is obtained based on the horizontal projection; the full-angle change rate of the target segment is calculated based on the first well inclination angle, the second well inclination angle and the horizontal azimuth angle; the axial force exerted on the drill bit when drilling in the target segment is calculated based on the full-angle change rate, the length of the target segment and the drilling pressure of the drill bit; the additional bending contact force exerted on the drill bit when drilling in the target segment is calculated based on the axial force, the full-angle change rate and the effective weight per unit length of the pipe string; the friction resistance exerted on the drill bit when drilling in the target segment is calculated based on the additional bending contact force, the length of the target segment and the friction resistance exerted on the drill bit at the starting point of the target segment; the friction torque exerted on the drill bit when drilling in the target segment is calculated based on the additional bending contact force, the length of the target segment, the friction torque exerted on the drill bit at the starting point of the target segment and the outer diameter of the drill bit, and the friction resistance and friction torque exerted on the drill bit when drilling in each target segment are obtained.

[0028] In this embodiment, the full angle change rate of the target section is calculated according to the first well inclination angle, the second well inclination angle and the horizontal azimuth angle. The specific expression is: ; ; Among them, among them, γ is the full angle change rate of the target segment, is the average well inclination angle of the target section, is the first well inclination angle, is the second well inclination angle, is the difference between the first well inclination angle and the second well inclination angle, It is the difference between the horizontal azimuths of the target segment at the two endpoints.

[0029] In this embodiment, the axial force on the drilling tool when drilling in the target section is calculated according to the full angle change rate, the length of the target section and the drilling pressure of the drilling tool. The specific expression is: ; in, T en is the axial force, is the drilling pressure of the drilling tool, is the effective weight per unit length of the string, For the i +1 The length between the end of the track near the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well, For the i The length between the end of the track closest to the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well. L i+1 - is the length of the target segment, γ is the full angle change rate of the target segment.

[0030] In this embodiment, the additional bending contact force on the drilling tool during drilling in the target section is calculated based on the axial force, the full angle change rate and the effective weight per unit length of the pipe string. The specific expression is: ; in, F is the additional contact force for bending, q ei is the effective weight per unit length of the pipe string, in N / m. γ is the full angle change rate of the target segment, T en is the axial force, R is the curvature radius of the vertical projection of the target segment.

[0031] Among them, q ei The calculation expression is: ; ; in, K B is the buoyancy coefficient, is the drilling fluid density, in g / cm 3 , is the steel density of the pipe column, in g / cm 3 , q ci It is the weight per unit length of the pipe in air, in N / m.

[0032] In this embodiment, the friction resistance encountered by the drill tool when drilling in the target section is calculated based on the bending additional contact force, the length of the target section, and the friction resistance encountered by the drill tool at the starting point of the target section. The specific expression is: ; in, F Additional contact force for bending, T i is the friction resistance of the drilling tool at the starting point of the target section, T i+1 is the friction resistance of the drilling tool at the end of the target section, For the i +1 The length between the end of the track near the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well, For the i The length between the end of the track closest to the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well. is the length of the target segment, μ is the friction coefficient.

[0033] refer to Figure 4 When the drilling tool is drilling in the target section, the friction resistance of the drilling tool shows a nonlinear decreasing trend as the well depth increases. When the well depth is 0 to 1000 meters, the friction resistance of the drilling tool is a fixed value of 175kN*m, and when the well depth is 2500 meters, the friction resistance of the drilling tool is 0.

[0034] In this embodiment, the friction torque received by the drill bit when drilling in the target segment is calculated based on the additional bending contact force, the length of the target segment, the friction torque received by the drill bit at the starting point of the target segment, and the outer diameter of the drill bit. The specific expression is: ; in, M i is the friction torque of the drill bit at the starting point of the target segment, is the friction torque of the drill bit at the end of the target section, For the i +1 The length between the end of the track near the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well, For the i The length between the end of the track closest to the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well. is the length of the target segment, μ is the friction coefficient, r o is the outer diameter of the drill bit.

[0035] refer to Figure 5 When the drill bit is drilling in the target section, the friction torque on the drill bit shows a nonlinear decreasing trend as the well depth increases. When the well depth is 0 to 1000 meters, the friction torque on the drill bit is 11.2 kN*m, and when the well depth is 2500 meters, the friction torque on the drill bit is 0.

[0036] S30: Determine the drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory according to the friction resistance and friction torque encountered by the drilling tool when drilling in each target section.

[0037] based on Figure 1 The method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a borehole trajectory shown in the invention can accurately obtain the well inclination angle and the horizontal azimuth angle of each target segment at two end points based on the horizontal projection and the vertical projection of the borehole trajectory, so as to accurately calculate the full angle change rate of the target segment according to the well inclination angle and the horizontal azimuth angle of each target segment at two end points. Further, based on the calculated full angle change rate and the length of the target segment, combined with the drilling pressure of the drilling tool, the axial force borne by each target segment is calculated; based on the axial force and the full angle change rate, combined with the effective weight per unit length of the pipe string used in the borehole trajectory, the bending additional contact force of each target segment is calculated; based on the bending additional contact force and the length of the target segment, combined with the friction resistance of the drilling tool at the starting point of each target segment, the friction resistance of the drilling tool in drilling each target segment is accurately calculated, and based on the bending additional contact force and the length of each target segment, combined with the friction torque of the drilling tool at the starting point of the target segment and the outer diameter of the drilling tool, the friction torque of the drilling tool in drilling each target segment is calculated. Through the above scheme, when calculating multiple intermediate variables of friction resistance and friction torque, the friction resistance and friction torque of the target section can be accurately obtained by combining the properties of multiple target sections and the parameters of the drilling tool, thereby achieving an accurate evaluation of the difficulty of drilling.

[0038] When applying the method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory provided by the present invention, it is not necessary to Figure 1 The steps are executed in the order shown. The specific execution order of the steps can be determined according to needs, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0039] In addition, in one or more embodiments of the present invention, the drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory is determined according to the friction resistance and friction torque encountered by the drilling tool when drilling each target section, specifically including: The drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory in the target section is determined according to the numerical ranges of the friction resistance of the target section and the friction torque of the target section.

[0040] In this embodiment, after determining the drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory in the target section, since the friction torque diagram can clearly observe the high friction torque section, firstly, the wellbore trajectory can be optimized and different inclination rates can be selected to ensure the passability of the drill bit, so that the drill bit assembly can be lowered more smoothly, ensuring that the drill bit assembly can be smoothly lowered into the target layer section; in addition, under the premise of meeting the requirements of safe drilling, the drill bit assembly can be optimized, the number of weighted drill rods can be increased, the bending and vibration of the drill bit can be reduced in the well, high-strength drill rods can be used in the well section with a large inclination rate, the deformation of the drill bit can be reduced, and different inner and outer diameters, line weights and other target parameters of the drill bit can be selected; finally, the drilling pressure suitable for the local layer can be selected through other adjacent well data, and the drilling fluid can be optimized. For the high friction torque section, a drilling fluid with good lubrication performance can be selected to ensure good fluidity at the bottom of the well, reduce the friction between the drill bit and the cuttings, and keep the wellbore clean. Through the above technical means, the friction torque can be effectively reduced, thereby achieving the goal of reducing the level of drilling difficulty.

[0041] The difficulty level is used to measure the difficulty of drilling tools in a target section of a wellbore trajectory. For example, Table 1 shows the drilling difficulty levels corresponding to different friction torques and different friction resistances.

[0042] Table 1 Drilling difficulty levels corresponding to different friction torques and different friction resistances

[0043] Among them, level one represents easy, level two represents moderate difficulty, and level three represents difficult.

[0044] The scheme shown in this embodiment utilizes friction resistance in different numerical ranges and friction torque in different numerical ranges to grade the drilling difficulty, which can accurately measure the difficulty of drilling in the target section of the wellbore trajectory, so that construction personnel can grasp the difficulty of the drilling work in advance, improve the success rate of drilling, and reduce the risks in the drilling work.

[0045] Optionally, in one or more embodiments of the present invention, after determining the drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory in the target section based on the friction resistance and friction torque, the optimal drill tool combination can be selected based on the friction resistance and friction torque through a pre-trained drill tool recommendation model to reduce the difficulty of the drill tool during the drilling process and improve the drilling efficiency.

[0046] Among them, the drilling tool recommendation model is trained based on the Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP). The specific training process is as follows: Step 1: Obtain friction resistance, friction torque, build-up rate, drilling parameters and drilling tool assembly data during the drilling operation to obtain a data set. The drilling parameters include but are not limited to drilling fluid performance parameters (such as density, viscosity), drilling pressure and well depth.

[0047] Step 2: preprocess the data set to obtain a preprocessed data set. The preprocessing process includes data cleaning and data normalization.

[0048] Step 3, design the network structure of MLP. The number of neurons in the input layer is the same as the number of input features, that is, 2 (friction resistance and friction torque); the number of neurons in the output layer is determined according to the output dimension. For example, the slope rate is 1 value, and the drilling parameters are 3 values ​​(drilling fluid density, drilling pressure and well depth). If the drilling tool assembly has n possibilities after encoding, the number of neurons in the output layer is n+4. The number of layers and neurons in the hidden layer needs to be determined through experiments and tuning. Generally, you can try 1-3 hidden layers first, and the number of neurons in each layer is between 10-100.

[0049] Step 4, select the activation function: for the hidden layer, the activation function is ReLU or Sigmoid; for the output layer, use the linear activation function for the slope rate; use the Softmax activation function for the drilling tool assembly and drilling parameters.

[0050] Step 5, model training: Initialization parameters: Use normal distribution or uniform distribution to initialize the model weights. The bias can be initialized to 0 or a small constant.

[0051] Define the loss function: for predicting the build rate, the mean square error loss function is used; for predicting the drilling tool assembly type and drilling parameters, the cross entropy loss function is used.

[0052] Select optimization algorithm: Select Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) algorithm as the optimization algorithm.

[0053] Training: Divide the preprocessed data into a training set and a validation set in a ratio of 7:3. During the training process, input the training data into the model, calculate the output result through forward propagation, and then calculate the loss between the predicted result and the true label according to the loss function. Then calculate the gradient through the back propagation algorithm and update the weight and bias of the network. Repeat this process until the loss function converges or reaches the preset number of training rounds. After each round of training, the performance of the model can be evaluated on the validation set, and the indicators such as loss and accuracy on the validation set can be observed to prevent the model from overfitting.

[0054] Step 6: Model evaluation and tuning: Model evaluation: Use the test set data to evaluate the trained model, calculate the values ​​of various evaluation indicators, and observe the generalization ability of the model on unknown data.

[0055] Hyperparameter tuning: Adjust and optimize the model's hyperparameters based on the model evaluation results. Methods for adjusting hyperparameters include but are not limited to grid search, random search, and genetic algorithms.

[0056] Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the friction resistance is 175KN and the friction torque is 11.2kN*m. According to the evaluation level standard, the evaluation level is level 2. Therefore, the data sets of friction resistance, friction torque, inclination rate, drilling parameters and drilling tool assembly are obtained. Through parameter optimization, the inclination rate is smoother, the drill pipe and drill collar of the same steel grade and different strength are selected under the condition of safe drilling, the low-density drilling fluid within the safe density window is selected, and the drilling pressure is appropriately increased, and finally the friction resistance value is reduced to 86KN and the friction torque value is reduced to 6.4kN*m, thereby reducing the drilling evaluation level to level 1.

[0057] The above is a method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory provided by one or more embodiments of the present invention. Based on the same idea, the present invention also provides a corresponding device for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory, such as Figure 6 As shown, including: The acquisition module is used to acquire the horizontal projection and the vertical projection of the wellbore trajectory.

[0058] The calculation module is used for obtaining the first well inclination angle and the second well inclination angle of the target segment at two end points based on the vertical projection for each target segment in the wellbore trajectory, and obtaining the horizontal azimuth angle of the target segment based on the horizontal projection; calculating the full angle change rate of the target segment according to the first well inclination angle, the second well inclination angle and the horizontal azimuth; calculating the axial force received by the drill bit when drilling in the target segment according to the full angle change rate, the length of the target segment and the drilling pressure of the drill bit; calculating the bending additional contact force received by the drill bit when drilling in the target segment according to the axial force, the full angle change rate and the effective weight per unit length of the pipe string; calculating the friction resistance received by the drill bit when drilling in the target segment according to the bending additional contact force, the length of the target segment and the friction resistance received by the drill bit at the starting point of the target segment; calculating the friction torque received by the drill bit when drilling in the target segment according to the bending additional contact force, the length of the target segment, the friction torque received by the drill bit at the starting point of the target segment and the outer diameter of the drill bit, and obtaining the friction resistance and friction torque received by the drill bit when drilling in each target segment.

[0059] The determination module is used to determine the drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory according to the friction resistance and friction torque encountered by the drilling tool when drilling in each target section.

[0060] The specific definition of a borehole trajectory drilling difficulty evaluation device can be found in the above definition of a borehole trajectory drilling difficulty evaluation method, which will not be repeated here. Each module in the borehole trajectory drilling difficulty evaluation device can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, and a combination thereof. Each module can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in a memory in a computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each of the above modules.

[0061] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program can be used to execute the Figure 1 A method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory is provided.

[0062] The present invention also provides Figure 7 The structural diagram of the computer device shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, at the hardware level, the computer device includes a processor, an internal bus, a network interface, a memory, and a non-volatile memory, and may also include other hardware required for the business. The processor reads the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory into the memory and then runs it to implement the Figure 1 A method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory is provided.

[0063] A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the embodiment method can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided by the present invention can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory or optical memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM).

[0064] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of concise description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory, characterized in that: include: Obtaining horizontal and vertical projections of the wellbore trajectory; For each target segment in the wellbore trajectory, a first well inclination angle and a second well inclination angle at two end points of the target segment are obtained based on the vertical direction projection, and a horizontal azimuth angle of the target segment is obtained based on the horizontal direction projection; a full-angle change rate of the target segment is calculated based on the first well inclination angle, the second well inclination angle and the horizontal azimuth angle; an axial force to which the drill bit is subjected when drilling in the target segment is calculated based on the full-angle change rate, the length of the target segment and the drilling pressure of the drill bit; an additional bending contact force to which the drill bit is subjected when drilling in the target segment is calculated based on the axial force, the full-angle change rate and the effective weight per unit length of the tubing string used in the wellbore trajectory; Calculating the friction resistance encountered by the drilling tool when drilling in the target section according to the additional bending contact force, the length of the target section and the friction resistance encountered by the drilling tool at the starting point of the target section; The friction torque to which the drill tool is subjected when drilling in the target section is calculated according to the bending additional contact force, the length of the target section, the friction torque to which the drill tool is subjected at the starting point of the target section, and the outer diameter of the drill tool, so as to obtain the friction resistance and friction torque to which the drill tool is subjected when drilling in each target section; The drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory is determined according to the friction resistance and friction torque encountered by the drilling tool when drilling in each target section.

2. A method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The full angle change rate of the target section is calculated according to the first well inclination angle, the second well inclination angle and the horizontal azimuth angle. The specific expression is: ； ； in, γ is the full angle change rate of the target segment, is the average well inclination angle of the target section, is the first well inclination angle, is the second well inclination angle, is the difference between the first well inclination angle and the second well inclination angle, is the difference in horizontal azimuth between the two endpoints of the target segment.

3. A method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the full angle change rate, the length of the target section and the drilling pressure of the drilling tool, the axial force on the drilling tool when drilling in the target section is calculated. The specific expression is: ； in, T en is the axial force, is the drilling pressure of the drilling tool, is the effective weight per unit length of the tubing string used in the wellbore trajectory, For the i +1 The length between the end of the track near the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well, For the i The length between the end of the track closest to the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well. L i+1 is the length of the target segment, γ is the full angle change rate of the target segment.

4. A method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The additional bending contact force on the drilling tool during drilling in the target section is calculated according to the axial force, the full angle change rate and the effective weight per unit length of the pipe string used in the wellbore trajectory. The specific expression is: ； in, F The additional contact force for the bend, q ei is the effective weight per unit length of the tubing string used in the wellbore trajectory, γ is the full angle change rate of the target segment, T en is the axial force, R is the curvature radius of the vertical projection of the target segment.

5. A method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction resistance encountered by the drilling tool when drilling in the target section is calculated according to the additional bending contact force, the length of the target section and the friction resistance encountered by the drilling tool at the starting point of the target section. The specific expression is: ； in, F Add a contact force for the bend, T i is the friction resistance encountered by the drilling tool at the starting point of the target section, T i+1 is the friction resistance encountered by the drilling tool at the end point of the target section, For the i +1 The length between the end of the track near the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well, For the i The length between the end of the track closest to the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well. is the length of the target segment, μ is the friction coefficient.

6. A method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction torque to which the drill bit is subjected when drilling in the target section is calculated according to the additional bending contact force, the length of the target section, the friction torque to which the drill bit is subjected at the starting point of the target section, and the outer diameter of the drill bit. The specific expression is: ； in, M i is the friction torque experienced by the drilling tool at the starting point of the target segment, is the friction torque experienced by the drilling tool at the end point of the target segment, For the i +1 The length between the end of the track near the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well, For the i The length between the end of the track closest to the bottom of the well and the bottom of the well. is the length of the target segment, μ is the friction coefficient, r o is the outer diameter of the drill bit.

7. A method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory is determined according to the friction resistance and friction torque encountered by the drilling tool during drilling in each target section, specifically including: The drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory in the target section is determined according to the numerical ranges of the friction resistance of the target section and the friction torque of the target section.

8. A wellbore trajectory drilling difficulty evaluation device, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, used to acquire horizontal and vertical projections of the wellbore trajectory; A calculation module is used for obtaining, for each target segment in the wellbore trajectory, a first well inclination angle and a second well inclination angle of the target segment at two end points based on the vertical direction projection, and obtaining a horizontal azimuth angle of the target segment based on the horizontal direction projection; calculating a full-angle change rate of the target segment based on the first well inclination angle, the second well inclination angle and the horizontal azimuth angle; calculating an axial force applied to the drill tool when drilling in the target segment based on the full-angle change rate, the length of the target segment and the drilling pressure of the drill tool; and calculating a bending additional contact force applied to the drill tool when drilling in the target segment based on the axial force, the full-angle change rate and the effective weight per unit length of the tubing used in the wellbore trajectory; Calculating the friction resistance encountered by the drilling tool when drilling in the target section according to the additional bending contact force, the length of the target section and the friction resistance encountered by the drilling tool at the starting point of the target section; The friction torque to which the drill tool is subjected when drilling in the target section is calculated according to the bending additional contact force, the length of the target section, the friction torque to which the drill tool is subjected at the starting point of the target section, and the outer diameter of the drill tool, so as to obtain the friction resistance and friction torque to which the drill tool is subjected when drilling in each target section; The determination module is used to determine the drilling difficulty level of the wellbore trajectory according to the friction resistance and friction torque encountered by the drilling tool when drilling in each target section.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, a method for evaluating the difficulty of drilling a wellbore trajectory as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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