Pull-in and pull-out device with two switchable axial couplings

Abstract

The invention relates to a pull-in and pull-out device for a sliding door or drawer, comprising a housing in which at least one pull-in device is arranged and in which at least one pull-out device is arranged, the pull-in device and the pull-out device can be coupled depending on the stroke range by means of at least one switchable axial coupling. The pull-out device is provided with a self-locking locking position. The pull-in device and the pull-out device can be coupled both by means of a trigger coupling, which is designed as a switchable axial coupling, and by means of a loading coupling, which is designed as a switchable axial coupling, at a point in time, at most one of the switchable axial couplings being connected. The trigger coupling transmits a force of the pull-in device oriented in the longitudinal direction such that the pull-out device is unlocked and triggered from the locked position by means of a swing-push movement. After successful triggering of the pull-out device, the trigger coupling is opened. Subsequently, the pull-out device connects the loading coupling, such that when the loading coupling is connected, the pull-out device loads the pull-in device. With the present invention, a pull-in and pull-out device having a small number of components is developed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a retraction and extension device for a sliding door or a drawer, comprising a housing, in which at least one retraction device is arranged, and in which at least one extension device is arranged, wherein the retraction device and the extension device can be connected depending on the stroke range by means of at least one switchable axial coupling. Background Art

[0002] A pull-in and pull-out device of this type is known from DE 10 2017 004 611 A1. The device is suitable for objects of large mass and for situations with high inertial forces. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention is based on the problem of developing a pull-in and pull-out device which has a small number of components.

[0004] The problem posed is solved by means of the features of the independent claim. For this purpose, the pull-out device has a self-locking locking position. The pulling-in device and the pulling-out device can be connected not only by means of a trigger coupling configured as a switchable axial coupling, but also by means of a loading coupling configured as a switchable axial coupling, wherein at a time, at most one of the switchable axial couplings is connected. The trigger coupling transmits the force of the pulling-in device directed in the longitudinal direction, so that the pulling-out device is unlocked and triggered from the locking position by means of a swing-push movement. After the pulling-out device has been successfully triggered, the trigger coupling is opened. Subsequently, the pulling-out device connects the loading coupling, so that when the loading coupling is connected, the pulling-out device loads the pulling-in device.

[0005] The pull-in device and the pull-out device form two switchable axial couplings, namely the trigger coupling and the loading coupling. The two axial couplings are arranged spatially separated from each other. The two axial couplings are connected and opened separately from each other in time. During operation, in the first operating section, not only the trigger coupling is opened, but also the loading coupling is opened. In this first operating section, the pull-out device is loaded and locked, and the pull-in device is relieved. The sliding door or drawer is closed, for example, in the operating end position.

[0006] In the second operating section, the trigger coupling is connected when the extension device is unlocked and the retraction device is relieved of pressure. When an external force directed in the closing direction is exerted on the sliding door or drawer, the housing of the retraction and extension device moves relative to the retraction device. The retraction device transmits the pivoting-pushing movement to the locked extension device by means of the trigger coupling. The extension device is triggered, wherein the trigger coupling is opened.

[0007] In the subsequent third operation section, the pulling device connects the loading coupling. The pulling device is loaded while the pulling device is depressurized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Further details of the invention are derived from the dependent claims and the following description of an exemplary embodiment.

[0009] Figure 1 : Combined pull-in and pull-out device;

[0010] Figure 2 : With the housing cover removed Figure 1 ;

[0011] Figure 3 : Figure 1 End-on view of

[0012] Figure 4 : Shell cover;

[0013] Figure 5 : Figure 4 Details;

[0014] Figure 6 : driven element;

[0015] Figure 7 :slider;

[0016] Figure 8 : A stop lever-carrier with a stop lever;

[0017] Fig. 9 : Piston cylinder unit;

[0018] Fig.10 : Pull-in and pull-out device in the initial position;

[0019] Fig.11 : Pulling in and pulling out the device after the retraction movement has started;

[0020] Fig.12 : Pulling-in and pulling-out device with the pulling-out device being tensioned;

[0021] Fig.13 : Pull-in and pull-out devices after the pull-in device is triggered;

[0022] Fig.14 : Pull-in and pull-out device in the operating end position;

[0023] Fig.15 : Details of the trigger coupling in the operating end position;

[0024] Fig.16: Pull-in and pull-out device when opened from the operating end position;

[0025] Fig.17 : Pull-in and pull-out device when the sliding door is partially opened;

[0026] Fig.18 : Load connector details;

[0027] Fig.19 : A pull-in and pull-out device when the stop lever is swung;

[0028] Fig. 20 : Pull-in and pull-out device when the sliding door is fully opened;

[0029] Fig.21 : Two-way pull-in and pull-out device;

[0030] Fig. 22 : An end view of the system with a load rail and a sliding door;

[0031] Fig.23 : The system with the sliding door opened;

[0032] Fig.24 : The system with the sliding door closed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Figure 1-Figure 9 The combined pull-in and pull-out device (10) and some of its individual parts are shown. Figure 10-Figure 20 The various functional states of the pull-in and pull-out device (10) are shown in . Such a pull-in and pull-out device (10) is used in particular in sliding door systems (2) or drawer systems.

[0034] The pull-in and pull-out device (10) is used in a sliding door system (2) (see Figure 22-Figure 24 ), for example, part of a carriage (6) which is fixed to the upper side of a sliding door leaf (8). At least one roller (7) of the carriage (6) is arranged at each end of the pull-in and pull-out device (10) oriented in the longitudinal direction (15). All rollers (7) run in a door rail (3) which is arranged in a fixed position in a building or a cabinet. At least one fixed follower (5) is arranged in the door rail (3) and is in contact with the pull-in and pull-out device (10).

[0035] It is also conceivable to arrange the pull-in and pull-out device (10) on the frame side. The follower (5) is then fastened to the sliding door leaf (8). When used in a drawer system, the pull-in and pull-out device (10) can also be arranged on the drawer or on the furniture body.

[0036] In a sliding door system (2) consisting of a door rail (3) and a carriage (6), the entire carriage (6) moves in the door rail (3) in a manner not visible from the outside. The door rail (3) can have a square or rectangular cross section. In the case of a rectangular cross section, one side length is at most 5% greater than the other side length.

[0037] The retraction and extension device (10) has a housing (11) in which, in the illustrated embodiment, a pull-out device (141), a first retraction device (81) and a second retraction device (281) are arranged. The retraction and extension device (10) can be designed without the second retraction device (281). The retraction device (81; 281) and the pull-out device (141) shown in the drawing are arranged one behind the other in the housing (11). In the present embodiment, the length of the housing (11) oriented in the longitudinal direction (15) is 420 millimeters. The individual retraction devices (81; 281) have the task of, for example, bringing a sliding door leaf (8) into a closed operating end position (301) or an open operating end position (303). In the present embodiment, when closing the sliding door leaf (8), the housing (11) is moved in the closing direction (305) relative to the fixed output drive (5). Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 10-Figure 20 In the illustration of , the closing direction (305) is oriented to the left relative to the housing (11). The opening direction (306) is to the right. Both the opening direction (306) and the closing direction (305) are oriented in the longitudinal direction (15).

[0038] The housing (11) is brought into a closing direction (305) by means of a first retraction device (81). The retraction device (81) is oriented to the right relative to the retraction direction (16) of the housing (11) in the figure. The second retraction device (281) is oriented in the opposite direction relative to the retraction direction (282) of the housing (11).

[0039] The housing (11) is brought into the opening direction (306) by means of the pull-out device (141). The pull-out direction (17) relative to the housing (11) is oriented to the left in the illustration. Both the pull-in direction (16; 282) and the pull-out direction (17) are oriented in the longitudinal direction (15).

[0040] Each retraction device (81; 281) has a driven element (111; 283) which acts together with a combined acceleration and deceleration device (82). The combined acceleration and deceleration device (82) comprises an acceleration device (83) and a deceleration device (91) connected in parallel with the acceleration device (83). The result of acceleration and deceleration acts on the driven element (111; 283). The combined acceleration and deceleration device (82) constitutes a drive device for the retraction device (81; 281). In the present embodiment, the two retraction devices (81; 281) have the same acceleration device (83) and the same deceleration device (91). The acceleration device (83) is constituted by a first spring accumulator (83) which is constructed as a tension spring. The first spring accumulator (83) is held in the first driven element (111) with a first spring end (84) and in the second driven element (283) with a second spring end (85).

[0041] The reduction gear (91) has a piston-cylinder unit (92). The piston-cylinder unit (92) has a cylinder (93) and a piston (95) which can be adjusted therein by means of a piston rod (94), see Fig. 9 The cylinder (93) is supported in the housing (11) so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction (15). Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustration, the first driven element (111) is supported pivotably on the piston rod (94). The second driven element (283) is supported pivotably on the cylinder bottom (96). In an embodiment without the second retraction device (281), the acceleration device (83) can be fixed on the housing side. The reduction device (91) is then designed so that the cylinder (93) or the piston rod (94) can move relative to the housing (11).

[0042] The pull-out device (141) has a locking lever carrier (151) that can be moved in a housing (11). The locking lever (171) is pivotably supported in the locking lever carrier (151). The locking lever carrier (151) is loaded in a pull-out direction (17) by means of a second spring energy accumulator (142). The second spring energy accumulator (142) is a drive device for the pull-out device (141). In the present embodiment, the second spring end (143) of the second spring energy accumulator (142) is held in a spring holder (66) on the housing side. The second spring energy accumulator (142) is designed as a tension spring (142). Figure 2In the illustration, the tension spring (142) has two regions (144, 145) of different diameters. In the first region (144) adjacent to the stop lever carrier (151), the tension spring (142) has a cross section corresponding to, for example, 0.8% of the length of the housing (11). This region (144) is guided around the steering wheel (221). In the illustration, the wrap angle is 180 degrees. The steering radius is, for example, three times the diameter of the tension spring (142) in this first region (144). In the exemplary embodiment shown, the diameter of the second region (145) of the tension spring (142) is, for example, greater than twice the diameter of the first region (144). Due to its geometric design, the second spring accumulator (142) comprises a first region (144) of high spring stiffness and a second region (145) of low spring stiffness.

[0043] The housing (11) has a first housing cover (31) and a second housing cover (71). The two housing covers are configured to be mirror-symmetrical to each other about a vertical longitudinal center plane of the housing (11). The first housing cover (31) and the second housing cover (71) are connected to each other, for example, by force fit, form fit, or material fit. In the present embodiment, the two housing covers are fastened to each other by means of a plurality of bolts. The housing (11) is configured to be square, see Figure 3 The height oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction (15) is, for example, 4.5% of the length, and the depth oriented perpendicularly to both directions is, for example, likewise 4.5% of the length. Figure 2 as well as Figure 10-Figure 21 In the illustration of FIG. 1 , the retraction and extension device ( 10 ) is shown without the second housing shell ( 71 ).

[0044] The housing (11) has two longitudinal slots (13, 14) on the upper side (12) which are spaced apart from each other by a transverse web (22). Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustration, the first longitudinal slot (13) is shown on the left, the locking lever (171) and the first driven element (111) protrude from the housing (11). In these illustrations, the locking lever (171) is in the stop position (176). In this case, the stop surface (174) of the locking lever (171) is at least approximately perpendicular to the housing top side (12). The pull-out device (141) is Figure 1 and Figure 2 14 is shown in an intermediate position between the locking position (147) and the ready position (146). The first driven element (111) is shown in a position between the first driven element rest position (112) and the first end position (113).

[0045] The second driven element (283) is driven from the Figure 1 and Figure 2The second driven element (283) is shown in the drawing as being in a second driven element rest position (284). In this driven element rest position (284), the second driven element (283) is fixed in the housing (11) in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner.

[0046] Figure 4 The inner side (32) of the first housing shell (31) is shown. Figure 5 Some details are shown in an enlarged view. Together with the inner side of the second housing cover (71), four guide rail systems (33, 41, 51, 61) are constructed in the housing (11). Each guide rail system (33, 41, 51, 61) has two guide rails (34, 41, 52, 53, 54) that are opposite to each other.

[0047] The first guide rail system (33) is constructed below the first longitudinal gap (13). The guide rail system (33) is referred to below as the pull-out guide rail system (33). The single first guide rail (34) has a straight section (35), a curved section (36) adjoining thereto, and a locking section (37) adjoining the curved section (36). The length of the first guide rail (34) in the longitudinal direction (15) is, for example, 22% of the length of the housing (11). The first guide rail (34) has a constant height, which in the present embodiment is 3 mm.

[0048] The curved section (36) is arranged at the straight section (35) in the direction of the vertical transverse center plane of the housing (11). The curve is oriented in the direction away from the longitudinal gap (13). The average radius of the curved section (36) is, for example, 28% greater than the height of the first guide track (34). In the present embodiment, the fan angle (38) of the curved section (36) is 164 degrees. The fan angle (38) is, for example, between 150 degrees and 180 degrees. It can be between 120 degrees and 180 degrees. The locking section (37) of the linear structure is connected to the area of ​​the fan angle (38). The length of the locking section (37) corresponds, for example, to half the height of the first guide track (34). If necessary, the external restrictions in the area of ​​the curved section (36) and the locking section (37) can be at least partially eliminated for the guide track (34).

[0049] In the present embodiment, the second guide rail system (41) is arranged at least approximately centrally in the housing (11) in the longitudinal direction (15). The second guide rail system (41) is also referred to as the first retraction guide rail system (41) hereinafter. Its length is, for example, 22% of the length of the housing (11). The second guide rail system (41) has a second guide rail (42) for each housing cover (31, 71), which has a horizontal section (43), an inclined section (44) and a safety section (45). These sections (43, 44, 45) transition into each other. The height of these sections is one third higher than the height of the first guide rail system (33). The second guide rail system (41) is offset by 80% of its height relative to the first guide rail system (33) in the direction of the first longitudinal gap (13). The spacing between the first guide rail system (33) and the second guide rail system (41) in the longitudinal direction (15) is, for example, 2.5% of the length of the housing (11). In this case, the distance between the bending section (36) and the securing section (45) forms the shortest distance.

[0050] The horizontal section (43) is oriented parallel to the longitudinal direction (15). Its length is, for example, 87% of the length of the second guide rail system (41). The inclined section (44) encloses an angle of, for example, 10 degrees with the longitudinal direction (15). Its length is, for example, 7.5% of the length of the second guide rail system (41). The safety section (45) encloses an angle of, for example, 80 degrees with the longitudinal direction (15). Its length is, for example, 20% greater than the height of the second guide rail (42). The safety section points away from the first longitudinal gap (13).

[0051] exist Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the illustration, the third guide rail system (51) is arranged next to the second guide rail system (41) on the side facing away from the pull-out guide rail system (33). The third guide rail system (51) is also referred to as the cylinder guide system (51) below. It is constructed as a linear guide device. The length of the third guide rail system (51) is, for example, 12.5% ​​of the length of the housing (11). The third guide rail system (51) has three guide covers (52, 53, 54) on each housing side. These guide covers (52-54) are congruent to each other in their transverse planes oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (15). The nominal diameter of these guide covers (52-54) corresponds to the nominal diameter of the cylinder (93), wherein the housing (11) and the cylinder (93) form a clearance fit.

[0052] The fourth guide rail system (61) is a second retraction guide rail system (61). It is arranged and configured mirror-symmetrically with respect to the first retraction guide rail system (41). The mirror plane is the vertical transverse center plane of the cylinder guide system (51). The fourth guide rail system (61) can also have, for example, a different length than the second guide rail system (41), a differently arranged safety section, etc.

[0053] The spring retainer (66) is formed below the securing section (65) of the second retraction guide system (61). The deflection plate (221) for the second spring energy storage device (142) is arranged on a connecting pin (23) of the housing (11) in the area of ​​the carriage-side end of the extension guide rail system (33).

[0054] exist Figure 6 283 is shown in FIG. The two driven elements (111; 283) are, for example, identically constructed. A single driven element (111; 283) has a guide pin (114) on both sides, and two driven hooks (116, 117) defining a driven recess (115).

[0055] The two follower hooks (116, 117) are a pull-in hook (116) located at the rear in the pull-in direction (16), and a push-in and pull-out hook (117) located at the front in the pull-in direction (16). If necessary, the follower element (111; 283) can be designed to be locally elastically deformable in the area of ​​the follower hooks (116, 117). The follower element (111; 283) has a spring receptacle (118) on its lower side. In the present embodiment, the first spring accumulator (83) is held in the spring receptacle (118) of the two follower elements (111; 283). On the side facing away from the guide pin (114), the follower element (111; 283) has a guide block receptacle (119). The cross-sectional area of ​​the guide block receptacle (119) is defined, for example, by a circle segment having an angle of, for example, 245 degrees.

[0056] exist Figure 2 In the illustration, the guide pin (114) of the first follower element (111) is placed in the horizontal section (34) of the first retraction guide rail system (41). The guide pin (114) of the second follower element (283) is placed in the safety section (65) of the second retraction guide rail system (61). The second guide device of the follower element (111; 283) is respectively formed by a guide block (97; 98). The guide blocks (97; 98) are respectively placed in the guide block receptacle (119) of the follower element (111; 283). It has two guide pins (99) with an elliptical cross section, for example.

[0057] These guide blocks (97; 98) are part of the reduction device (91). In this embodiment, the first guide block (97) is fixed to the piston rod head (101) of the piston rod (94). Figure 2 In the illustration, the guide block (97) is arranged in the guide block receiving portion (119) of the first driven element (111) by means of a cylindrical intermediate block (102), see Fig. 9 The second guide block (98) is fixed on the cylinder bottom (96) of the cylinder (93). The guide block (98) is swingably connected to the second driven element (283).

[0058] exist Figure 7 1 shows a slide block (121) of a first retraction device (81). The slide block (121) is designed with a U-shaped groove profile. The slide block has guide pins (122, 123) on both sides at its two ends. These guide pins (122, 123) have, for example, an elliptical cross section. The length of the slide block (121) is, for example, 28% of the length of the housing (11).

[0059] The slide (121) has a coupling side (124) at the end shown on the left and a driven side (125) at the other end. The guide pin (123) on the coupling side (124) is arranged, for example, lower than the guide pin (122) on the driven side (125). This height difference corresponds to the height difference between the extension guide system (33) and the first retraction guide system (41). The slide (121) installed in the housing (11) is arranged with the guide pin (122) on the driven side in the retraction guide system (41) and with the guide pin (123) on the coupling side in the extension guide system (33).

[0060] The slide (121) has reinforcing ribs (126) on its upper side on both sides. The reinforcing ribs connect the driven side (125) and the coupling side (124). In the assembled state of the pull-in and pull-out device (10), the reinforcing ribs (126) are flush with the upper side (12) of the housing (11), for example.

[0061] The two side plates (127) of the slide (121) are designed to be identical to each other. The two side plates have a pressure relief opening (128) and a guide opening (129). For example, two housing bolts (21) pass through the slide (121) in the region of the pressure relief opening (128). On the connection side (124), the pressure relief opening (127) is defined by a connection wall (131). The connection wall (131) connects the two side plates (127).

[0062] In this embodiment, the connecting wall (131) has two connecting surfaces (132, 133). The two connecting surfaces are arranged one above the other. The connecting surface (132) located at the bottom is hereinafter referred to as the trigger connecting surface (132). In this embodiment, the trigger connecting surface (132) is a uniaxial curved surface covering an angle of 50 degrees. The radius of the trigger connecting surface (132) is, for example, 1.6% of the length of the housing (11).

[0063] The trigger coupling surface (132) and the coupling wall (131) continuously transition to another coupling surface (133), namely the loading coupling surface (133). In the present embodiment, the loading coupling surface (133) is inclined by 16 degrees relative to the normal plane of the longitudinal direction (15). Here, the end of the loading coupling surface (133) adjacent to the reinforcing rib (126) is closer to the guide opening (129) than the end thereof oriented toward the trigger coupling surface (132).

[0064] The guide openings (129) are arranged on the driven side (125) of the slide (121). The guide openings have a cross section that is at least approximately designed as an isosceles triangle. The angle enclosed by the two equal length sides (134) is, for example, 10 degrees. Here, the imaginary tip of the angle is located above the housing (11). When the slide (121) is installed, the lower side of the guide opening (129) is located below the safety section (45) of the retraction guide system (41) in the height direction (18). Figure 2 In the illustration of FIG. 1 , the guide pin ( 114 ) of the first driven element ( 111 ) passes through the guide opening ( 129 ) of the slide ( 121 ).

[0065] The bottom (135) of the slide block (121) is designed to be flat. On the driven side (125), the slide block (121) has a driven element recess (136).

[0066] Figure 8 A locking lever carrier (151) with an embedded locking lever (171) is shown. The locking lever carrier (151) has two guide bolts (152, 153) on each side. In the assembled state of the locking lever carrier (151), the guide bolts (152, 153) are movably mounted in the extension guide system (33).

[0067] The locking lever (171) is pivotably supported in the locking lever carrier (151). It is designed, for example, in a wedge-shaped manner. The surface of the locking lever pointing in the retraction direction (16) is the abutment surface (172). The surface pointing in the extension direction (17) is the stop surface (174). Figure 2 and Figure 8In the illustration of FIG. 1 , the locking lever (171) is at least approximately perpendicular to the connecting plane of the guide bolts (152, 153). In the present exemplary embodiment, in this position, the locking lever (171) is loaded by means of a spring (161), for example a helical torsion spring (161) in the form of a hinge spring (161), for example, toward a pivot stop. The locking lever (171) can be pivoted from an upright position into an at least approximately horizontal position when loaded by the spring (161), see Fig.19 The swing axis (173) of the stop lever (171) is parallel to the guide bolts (152, 153) on both sides.

[0068] At the end pointing in the extension direction (17), the locking lever carrier (151) has a spring receptacle (154). Figure 2 In the illustration of , the second energy storage device (142) is held in the spring receiving portion (154). Below the spring receiving portion (154), the locking lever-carrier (151) has a stop wall (155).

[0069] The stop wall (155) has at least two stop areas (156, 157). The two stop areas are arranged offset from each other in the height direction (18). In the present embodiment, the stop wall (155) has a triggering area (156) located at the bottom, a transition area (158) and a loading area (157) located at the top.

[0070] In the present embodiment, the trigger region (156) is formed by a lower edge of the stop wall (155), which is, for example, rounded. In the present embodiment, the trigger region (156) is linear. The line is oriented parallel to the center line of the guide bolts (152, 153). It is also conceivable that the section of the stop wall surrounding the trigger region (156) is convex. The trigger region is then reduced to a point. The transition region (158) is, for example, flat. The transition region is, for example, perpendicular to a plane in which all guide bolts (152, 153) of the stop lever carrier (151) are located. The loading region (157) is connected to the upper end of the transition region (158). The loading region is inclined, for example, by 10 degrees from bottom to top in the retraction direction (16) relative to the transition region (158). The transition between the individual regions can be curved.

[0071] The locking lever carrier (151) and the slider (121) together form two switchable axial couplings (211, 212). The two axial couplings are a trigger coupling (211) and a load coupling (212). When the trigger coupling surface (132) of the slider (121) contacts the trigger region (156) of the locking lever carrier (151), the trigger coupling (211) is formed. When the load region (157) of the locking lever carrier (151) abuts against the load coupling surface (133) of the slider (121), the load coupling (212) is connected. The two axial couplings (211, 212) can be constructed in a force-fitting or form-fitting manner.

[0072] Fig. 9 The piston-cylinder unit (92) of the reduction gear (91) is shown. The piston-cylinder unit (92) shown is a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit (92). It is also conceivable to use a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit (92). The length of the cylinder (93) corresponds, for example, to the length of the slide (121). The stroke of the piston (95) and the piston rod (94) is, for example, 16% of the length of the housing (11). The inner diameter of the cylinder (93) is, for example, 1.5% of the length of the housing (11).

[0073] In the cylinder (93), a piston (95) delimits a displacement chamber (103) from a compensation chamber (104). The compensation chamber (104) is arranged on the piston rod side. A compensation spring (106) is arranged between the cylinder head (105) and the compensation chamber (104). The compensation spring is designed as a compression spring and loads a cylinder clip (107) against which a piston rod seal (108) rests.

[0074] The extrusion chamber (103) is arranged between the piston (95) and the cylinder bottom (96). For example, the piston (95) has three throttling channels (109) which penetrate the piston (95) in the longitudinal direction (15). For example, a throttling plate (100) of flexible design covers the throttling channel (109) on one side of the extrusion chamber (103). When the piston (95) and the cylinder bottom (96) are brought closer, for example, hydraulic oil is squeezed from the extrusion chamber (103) into the compensation chamber (104) in a throttling manner. In this process, the throttling plate (100) is pressed onto the piston (95). When the volume of the compensation chamber (104) increases, the compensation spring (106) is compressed.

[0075] If the distance between the piston (95) and the cylinder bottom (96) increases, the oil is squeezed from the compensation chamber (104) into the displacement chamber (103). In this process, the throttle plate (100) is lifted, so that the flow cross section of the piston (95) increases. At the same time, the compensation spring (106) is relieved.

[0076] During assembly, to construct the carriage (6), see Fig.23 and Fig.24 , roller sets with one or more rollers (7) are mounted on both ends of the pull-in and pull-out device (10). The total length of the carriage (6) is, for example, greater than or equal to 600 mm. The carriage (6) manufactured in this way is used in a door rail (3). A first follower (5) and, for example, a second follower (9) are arranged in the door rail (3) at a distance from each other. The two frame-side followers (5, 9) are fixed. The sliding door leaf (8) is hung on the carriage (6).

[0077] Fig.10 The example shows the retraction and extension device (10) when the sliding door is in a middle position. None of the followers (5, 9) is in contact with the retraction and extension device (10). The extension device (141) is in a ready position (146). In this ready position (146), the locking lever carrier (151) is located near the end of the extension guide system (33) pointing in the closing direction (305). The second spring energy accumulator (142) is relaxed to a residual energy value. In addition, the hinge spring (161) is relieved so that the locking lever (171) is in its swung-out stop position (176).

[0078] The driven elements (111, 283) of the two retracting devices (81; 281) are respectively in the driven element parking position (112; 284). The first spring accumulator (83) of the retracting and extension device (10) is charged. The piston rod (94) of the piston-cylinder unit (92) of the reduction device (91) is extended. The slide (121) is in contact with the loading area (157) of the stop lever carrier (151) with the second loading coupling surface (133). The loading coupling (212) is connected.

[0079] When the sliding door leaf (8) or the drawer is closed in the closing direction (305), the stop lever (171) comes into contact with the first follower (5), see Fig.11 The locking lever (171) is moved together with the locking lever carrier (151) along the first guide rail system (33) relative to the housing (11) in the retraction direction (16). The second spring accumulator (142) is tensioned. The locking lever carrier (151) is disengaged from the slide (121). The loading coupling (212) is opened. The first retraction device (81) including the slide (121) remains stationary. The driven element (283) of the second retraction device (281) remains in the second driven element parking position (284).

[0080] When the sliding door is closed further, for example manually, it moves further relative to the fixed frame. The housing (11) moves in the closing direction (305) relative to the locking lever carrier (151) which is held in a fixed position by the follower (5). The second spring accumulator (142) is loaded. The locking lever carrier (151) moves along the extension guide system (33). As soon as the front guide bolt (152) reaches the curved section (36) of the extension guide system (33), the locking lever carrier (151) pivots relative to the longitudinal direction (15). The second spring accumulator (142) is further loaded until the front guide bolt (152) exceeds the apex (39) of the curved section (36). Then, when the second spring accumulator (142) is relieved of pressure, the front guide bolt (152) is pulled into the locking section (37).

[0081] Fig.12 The pull-out device (141) is shown in a locked position (147). The locking lever (171) is pivoted together with the locking lever carrier (151), wherein the first guide bolt (152) of the locking lever carrier (151) is placed in the locking section (37) of the pull-out guide system (33). The second guide bolt (153) is held in the straight section (35) of the pull-out guide rail system (33). The first retraction device (81) and the second retraction device (281) are both held in their locked position. The first spring accumulator (83) and the second spring accumulator (142) are tensioned. The first follower element (5) is disengaged from the pull-out device (141).

[0082] exist Fig.13 In the illustration, the driven element (111) of the first retraction device (81) is stopped on the driven device (5). The first retraction device (81) is triggered. The first driven element (111) is swung open and surrounds the fixed driven device (5) in a form-fitting manner. The first spring accumulator (83) loads the first driven element (111), which brings the housing (11) in the direction of the closed operating end position (301) relative to the driven device (5). The piston rod (94) of the piston-cylinder unit (92) is retracted. In this process, the piston (95) compresses the compression chamber (103) in the cylinder (93), thereby counteracting the deceleration by means of the acceleration applied by the first spring accumulator (83). The slide (121) moves in the retraction direction (16) relative to the housing (11). The pull-out device (141) remains in its stopped locking position (147).

[0083] Fig.14The retraction and extension device (10) is shown in the closed operating end position (301). The first follower element (111) has a small residual distance from the end of the horizontal section (43) of the second guide rail system (41) facing away from the extension device (141). The piston rod (94) of the piston-cylinder unit (92) is almost completely retracted. The first spring accumulator (83) is largely relaxed, wherein its force in the retraction direction (16) is, for example, less than the static friction of the retraction device (81) and the sliding door leaf (8). The difference in force is, for example, less than the spring force of the second spring accumulator (142) locked in the locking position (147), reduced by the friction of the extension device (141).

[0084] The extension device (141) is tensioned. The slide (121) is in contact with the locking lever carrier (151). The trigger coupling (211) is connected between the first retraction device (81) and the extension device (141), see Fig.15 Detailed view of the retracting device (81) and the extension device (141) are in contact with each other, for example, in the contact line (213). Further movement of the retracting device (81) in the retracting direction (16) is prevented by the extension device (141). In the present exemplary embodiment, in the closed operating end position (301), the sliding door is visually closed for the operator.

[0085] exist Fig.16 The beginning of the opening movement of the sliding door is shown in FIG. 1 . For this purpose, the sliding door leaf (8) is first pushed in with the housing (11) from the closed operating end position (301) by means of an external force in the closing direction (305), for example manually, until, for example, the residual play is exhausted. The housing (11) is loaded relative to the driven element (111) of the retraction device (81) which is locked by means of the first follower (5). The first spring accumulator (83) is further relieved. At the same time, the housing (11) moves the locked locking lever-carrier (151) relative to the slide (121). A thrust force is applied to the locking lever-carrier (151) by means of the trigger coupling (211). The force vector is oriented in the longitudinal direction (15). This force vector loads the locking lever-carrier (151) in the triggering region (156). The force vector of the trigger coupling loads the locked locking lever carrier (151) outside a rectangle which is expanded in the locked position (147) by guide bolts (152, 153). The force vector is located on the side of the rectangle facing away from the locking lever (171).

[0086] The force transmitted by the trigger coupling (211) is transmitted as a swing force and as a thrust force to the locking lever carrier (151). The locking lever carrier (151) swings with the lever arm around an instantaneous swing axis by means of the swing force as a torque and moves in the retraction direction (16). The swing axis forms the instantaneous peak of the triggering movement of the locking lever carrier (151). The swing axis is parallel to the front guide bolt (152) and the rear guide bolt (153). In this process, the first guide bolt (152) is transferred from the locking section (37) to the bending section (36). As soon as the first guide bolt (152) exceeds the peak (39), the second energy storage device (142) is relieved. The retraction device (81) unlocks the extension device (141) by means of the transmitted force.

[0087] The locking lever carrier (151) is now charged by means of the second spring accumulator (142). The drive of the pull-out device (141), which is released during unlocking, disconnects the trigger coupling (211). Subsequently, the charging coupling (212) is connected. The transition from the trigger coupling (211) to the charging coupling (212) can take place continuously.

[0088] Fig.17 The invention shows a retraction and extension device (10) when the sliding door is opened. The second spring accumulator (142) pulls the locking lever carrier (151) relative to the housing (11) when the pressure is released. The loading coupling (212) remains connected. As a result, the slide (121) is moved relative to the housing (11) by means of the locking lever carrier (151). The slide (121) drives the first follower element (111), which is displaced relative to the housing (11) in the direction of its follower element parking position (112). In addition, the first follower element (111) surrounds the follower (5). As a result, the housing (11) moves relative to the follower element (111) of the retraction device (81) in the opening direction (306). During this movement of the follower element (111) relative to the housing (11), the first spring accumulator (83) is loaded. At the same time, the piston rod (94) is pulled out relative to the cylinder (93). Fig.18 Shown is detail of the attached loading coupler (212).

[0089] During further movement in the opening direction (305), the first follower element (111) swings into the safety section (45). The first follower element (111) is blocked in the follower element parking position (112). The first energy accumulator (83) is loaded. The follower (5) is disengaged from the follower element (111). The sliding door can now be opened further manually. The second spring energy accumulator (142) is depressurized to a residual energy value. The slide (121) limits the further travel of the locking lever carrier (151). The retraction device (81) is tensioned. As a result, the retraction device (81) limits the extension travel of the extension device (141).

[0090] exist Fig.19 , the retraction and extension device (10) is shown with the sliding door further opened. The follower (5) causes the locking lever (171) to pivot relative to the locking lever carrier (151) against the force of the hinge spring (161). The retraction device (81) remains unchanged.

[0091] As soon as the follower (5) leaves the locking lever (171), i.e. the sliding door is further opened, the tensioning of the hinge spring (161) causes the locking lever (171) to swing open. The retraction and extension device (10) now occupies the Fig.10 The initial position is shown in . Reclosing is performed as described above.

[0092] The sliding door can also be opened without the excessive pressure. Fig.14 Starting from the closed operating end position (301) shown in the drawing, the sliding door is pulled together with the housing (11) relative to the door frame in the opening direction (306), for example by hand. In this case, the housing (11) is pulled in the opening direction (306) relative to the first driven element (111) which is temporarily fixed in position. In this case, the trigger coupling (211) is opened. The pull-out device (141) remains in its locked position (147). When closing the sliding door again, the housing (11) is moved relative to the follower (5) with the pull-out device (141) which is, for example, still locked. In this case, no contact occurs between the follower (5) and the pull-out device (141). As soon as the pull-in device (81) is triggered, the sliding door is further closed as described above.

[0093] If the sliding door is only partially opened, the pull-in and pull-out device (10) is located, for example Fig.16 and Fig.17When closing the sliding door again, the operator pushes the sliding door against the force of the extension device (141) in the closing direction (305). In this process, the follower (5) presses the first follower element (111) in the direction of the end position (113). The follower element (111) drives the slider (121) which is additionally loaded in the retraction direction (16) by means of the retraction device (81). The slider (121) pushes the locking lever-carrier (151) together with the locking lever (171) in the retraction direction (16) via the loading coupling (212). As soon as the first guide bolt (152) of the locking lever-carrier (151) reaches the apex (39) of the curved section (36), the locking lever-carrier (151) is fixed in the locking position (147). At the same time, the follower element (111) has reached the closed operating end position (301). The sliding door is closed.

[0094] When the fully open position of the sliding door is reached, the second driven element (283) contacts the second driven element (9) in a part of the travel of the sliding door adjacent to the open end position (303). The second driven element (283) is disengaged from its driven element rest position (284) and is coupled to the second driven element (9) in a form-fitting manner. The combined acceleration and deceleration device (82) acts on the movement of the housing (11) relative to the second driven element (283) by superposition of acceleration by means of the first spring accumulator (83) and deceleration by means of the piston-cylinder unit (92). The sliding door is decelerated and brought into the open end position (303), where it stops without impact. Fig. 20 The combined retraction and extension device ( 10 ) is shown in this position. The second driven element ( 283 ) is in the second end position ( 285 ).

[0095] Fig.21 A two-way combined pulling-in and pulling-out device (10) is shown. The two-way combined pulling-in and pulling-out device comprises a first pulling-in device (81), a second pulling-in device (281), a first pulling-out device (141) and a second pulling-out device (341). These devices are arranged in a common housing (11). One pulling-out device (141; 341) corresponds to one pulling-in device (81; 281) respectively.

[0096] The housing (11) is designed mirror-symmetrically with respect to a vertical transverse center plane. In the present embodiment, the transverse center plane extends centrally through the cylinder guide system (51). The second extension guide system (68) is arranged in the housing (11). Fig.21 In the illustration, the second pull-out guide system is located at the right end of the pull-in and pull-out device (10).

[0097] The first retraction device (81) is constructed in a mirror-symmetrical manner with respect to the second retraction device (281). Each retraction device (81; 281) has a driven element (111; 283) and a slide block (121; 321). The slide block (121) of the first retraction device (81) is movably supported in a first retraction guide system (41) and a first extension guide system (33). The slide block (321) of the second retraction device (281) is movably supported in a second retraction guide system (61) and a second extension guide system (68).

[0098] The two retraction devices (81, 281) have a common acceleration device (83) and a common reduction device (91), which are designed as described in conjunction with the first exemplary embodiment.

[0099] The first extension device (141) has a first locking lever carrier (151) and a first locking lever (171). These components are designed as described in conjunction with the first exemplary embodiment.

[0100] The second extension device (341) has a second locking lever carrier (351) and a second locking lever (371). The second locking lever (371) is supported in the second locking lever carrier (351) so as to be pivotable relative to the second locking lever carrier (351).

[0101] In the present embodiment, the two extension devices (141, 341) have a common second spring accumulator (142). The second spring accumulator is turned around a first steering wheel (221) and a second steering wheel (223) and connects a first locking lever carrier (151) to a second locking lever carrier (153). The second spring accumulator (142) has, for example, three regions of different diameters. In the present embodiment, the second region (145) has a diameter that is twice the diameter of the first region (144) and the third region (148). The first region (144) and the third region (148) are each turned around one of the steering wheels (221; 223). In the present embodiment, the wrap angle is 180 degrees. The middle region (145) has a lower spring stiffness than the two outer regions.

[0102] The opening of the sliding door from the closed operating end position (301) is carried out as described above. Before reaching the open operating end position (303) of the sliding door, the second pull-out device (341) is loaded. Subsequently, the sliding door is brought into the open operating end position (303) by means of the second pull-in device (281). In this open operating end position (303), further opening is prevented by means of the second pull-out device (341) and the second slide (321). If the sliding door is pushed further in the opening direction (306) by hand, the second pull-out device (341) is triggered. The sliding door moves in the direction of the closed position. This is carried out similarly to the triggering from the closed operating end position (301).

[0103] Fig. 22 The invention shows a side view of a sliding door system consisting of a door rail (3) and a carriage (6) for a sliding door. The carriage (6) is completely arranged in the door rail (3). The door rail (3) has a square or rectangular cross section, wherein one side length is at most 15% greater than the other side length.

[0104] Combinations of the various embodiments are also conceivable.

[0105] Description of Reference Numerals

[0106] 2 Sliding door system

[0107] 3 door rails

[0108] 5 Slave, First Slave

[0109] 6 Slide

[0110] 7 Rollers

[0111] 8 sliding door leaves

[0112] 9 Second follower

[0113] 10 devices, combined pull-in and pull-out device

[0114] 11 Shell

[0115] 12(11) upper side, housing upper side

[0116] 13 longitudinal gap, first longitudinal gap

[0117] 14 longitudinal gap, second longitudinal gap

[0118] 15 Vertical direction

[0119] 16 Pull-in direction relative to (11)

[0120] 17 Pull-out direction relative to (11)

[0121] 18 Height direction

[0122] 21 bolts, housing bolts

[0123] 22 Transverse joints

[0124] 23(11) Connecting pin

[0125] 31 housing cover, first housing cover

[0126] Inside of 32(31)

[0127] 33First guide rail system, pull-out guide rail system

[0128] 34First guide track

[0129] Straight line segment of 35(34)

[0130] 36(34) curved section, arc section

[0131] 37 Locking Section

[0132] 38 fan angle, arc angle

[0133] 39(36) vertex

[0134] 41 Second guide rail system, first pull-in guide system

[0135] 42 Second guide track

[0136] 43 horizontal sections

[0137] 44 inclined sections

[0138] 45 Insurance Section

[0139] 51 Third guide rail system, cylinder guide system

[0140] 52 guide hood

[0141] 53 Boot Hood

[0142] 54 Boot Hood

[0143] 61 Fourth guide rail system, second pull-in guide rail system

[0144] Insurance section 65(61)

[0145] 66 Spring retainer

[0146] 68 Second pull-out guide system

[0147] 71 housing cover, second housing cover

[0148] 81 pulling device, first pulling device

[0149] 82 Combined acceleration and deceleration device, driving device of (81)

[0150] 83 Accelerator, first spring accumulator

[0151] The first spring end of 84 (83)

[0152] The second spring end of 85 (83)

[0153] 91 reduction gear

[0154] 92 piston cylinder unit

[0155] 93 cylinders

[0156] 94 piston rod

[0157] 95 Piston

[0158] 96 cylinder bottom

[0159] 97 boot block

[0160] 98 boot block

[0161] 99 guide bolt

[0162] 100 taped out

[0163] 101 piston rod head

[0164] 102(97) middle block

[0165] 103 Extrusion Room

[0166] 104 Compensation Room

[0167] 105 cylinder head

[0168] 106 compensation spring

[0169] 107 cylinder clip

[0170] 108 Piston rod seal

[0171] 109 throttle channel

[0172] 111 driven element

[0173] 112 Driven element - parking position

[0174] 113 end position

[0175] 114 guide pin

[0176] 115 driven recess

[0177] 116 driven hook, pull-in hook

[0178] 117 Follower hook, push and pull hook

[0179] 118 spring receiving portion

[0180] 119 guide block accommodating portion

[0181] 121 Slider

[0182] 122 guide pin

[0183] 123 guide pin

[0184] 124 connection side

[0185] 125 driven side

[0186] 126 Reinforced ribs

[0187] 127 side panel

[0188] 128 Pressure relief opening

[0189] 129 Guide opening

[0190] 131 connection wall

[0191] 132 connection surface, trigger connection surface

[0192] 133 connection surface, loading connection surface

[0193] 134(129) edge

[0194] 135(121) bottom

[0195] 136 driven element - gap

[0196] 141 Pull-out device

[0197] 142 second accumulator, tension spring, (141) driving device

[0198] The second spring end of 143 (142)

[0199] 144(142) first area

[0200] Second area of ​​145(142)

[0201] 146 Preparation Position

[0202] 147 Lock position

[0203] The third area of ​​148(142)

[0204] 151 stop lever-carrying part, pull-out device-carrying part

[0205] 152 guide bolt

[0206] 153 guide bolt

[0207] 154 spring receiving portion

[0208] 155 stop wall

[0209] 156 stop area, trigger area

[0210] 157 stop area, loading area

[0211] 158 Transition Zone

[0212] 161 spring, helical torsion spring, hinged leaf spring

[0213] 171 stop lever

[0214] 172 Adjacent surfaces

[0215] Swing axis of 173(171)

[0216] 174 stop surface

[0217] 176 stop position

[0218] 211 coupling, axial coupling, trigger coupling

[0219] 212 coupling, axial coupling, loading coupling

[0220] 213 contact line

[0221] 221 Steering wheel

[0222] 223 Second steering wheel

[0223] 281 Second pull-in device

[0224] 282 Pull-in direction relative to (11)

[0225] 283 driven element, second driven element

[0226] 284 Second driven element - parking position

[0227] 285 Second end position

[0228] 301 Closed end position

[0229] 303 Open end position

[0230] 305 Closing direction relative to (5;9)

[0231] 306 Opening direction relative to (5;9)

[0232] 321 Slider, Second Slider

[0233] 341 Second pull-out device

[0234] 351 second stop lever-carrying member

[0235] 371 Second stop lever

Claims

1. A pull-in and pull-out device (10) for a sliding door or a drawer, the pull-in and pull-out device comprising a housing (11), in which at least one pull-in device (81; 281) is arranged, and in which at least one pull-out device (141; 341) is arranged, in, The retraction device (81; 281) and the extension device (141; 341) can be coupled, depending on the stroke range, by means of at least one switchable axial coupling (211; 212), and are characterized in that: the pull-out device (141; 341) has a self-locking locking position (147), - the retraction device (81; 281) and the extension device (141; 341) can be connected not only by means of a trigger coupling (211) designed as a switchable axial coupling (211), but also by means of a load coupling (212) designed as a switchable axial coupling (212), wherein at a time at most one of the switchable axial couplings (211; 212) is connected, - the trigger coupling (211) transmits a force of the retraction device (81) directed in the longitudinal direction (15), so that the pull-out device (141) is unlocked and triggered from the locking position (147) by means of a swing-push movement, and - After the pulling-out device (141; 341) is successfully triggered, the triggering connector (211) is opened, and then the pulling-out device (141; 341) connects the loading connector (212), so that when the loading connector (212) is connected, the pulling-out device (141; 341) loads the pulling-in device (81; 281).

2. The pulling-in and pulling-out device (10) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The connected trigger coupling (211) has a contact point or contact line (213) between the pull-in device (81; 281) and the pull-out device (141; 341), wherein the contact line (213) is oriented parallel to the instantaneous swing axis for supporting the swing-push movement.

3. The pulling-in and pulling-out device (10) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The trigger coupling (211) comprises a trigger coupling surface (132) on the retraction device (81; 281) and a trigger area (156) on the extension device (141), wherein the radius of curvature of the trigger area (156) is smaller than the radius of curvature of the trigger coupling surface (132).

4. The pulling-in and pulling-out device (10) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The connected loading connector (212) comprises a loading connection surface (133) on the pulling-in device (81; 281) and a loading area (157) on the pulling-out device (141; 341), wherein the curvature radius of the loading area (157) is smaller than the curvature radius of the loading connection surface (133).

5. The pulling-in and pulling-out device (10) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The pulling-out device (141; 341) has a locking lever-carrier (151; 351) that can move in a housing (11), and the pulling-in device (81; 281) has a slider (121; 321) that can move linearly in the housing (11), wherein a trigger coupling (211) and a loading coupling (212) are formed by means of the locking lever-carrier (151; 351) and the slider (121; 321).

6. The pulling-in and pulling-out device (10) according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The extension device (141; 341) has a spring energy accumulator (142) as a drive element, which acts on a locking lever carrier (151; 351) relative to the housing (11).

7. The pulling-in and pulling-out device (10) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The housing (11) has a pull-out guide system (33; 68) for guiding a locking lever-carrier (151; 351), which has a straight section (35) oriented in the longitudinal direction (15), a curved section (36) with a fan angle (38) between 120 degrees and 180 degrees, and a locking section (37) connected thereto.

8. The pulling-in and pulling-out device (10) according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The retraction device (81; 281) has a slide (121; 321) connected to a driven element (111; 283), which is guided in a housing (11) both in a retraction guide system (33; 68) and in a retraction guide system (41; 61).

9. The pulling-in and pulling-out device (10) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The retraction device (81; 281) has a combined acceleration and deceleration device (82) connected to the driven element (111; 283).

10. The pulling-in and pulling-out device (10) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that a second retraction device (281; 81) is arranged in the housing (11), wherein the retraction direction of the first retraction device (81; 281) and the retraction direction (16) of the second retraction device (281; 81) are oriented opposite to one another, and The first retraction device (81; 281) and the second retraction device (281; 81) have a common deceleration device (91) and a common acceleration device (83).

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