Mutton sheep feed and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses mutton sheep feed and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of animal feed. The mutton sheep feed comprises the following raw material components: a basal feed, resveratrol, a pomegranate peel extract, a histidine-zinc chelate, rosmarinic acid, a citrus peel extract, a guuwena extract, a ginger bolete extract, sea buckthorn fruit powder and a straw cellulose nanofiber suspension. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the mutton sheep feed. The mutton sheep feed prepared by the invention can solve the problems of unbalanced fat deposition regulation, insufficient meat color stability and low bioavailability of active ingredients of the feed in mutton sheep fed by the traditional feed; the preparation method disclosed by the invention is controllable in production cost and has a large-scale popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed, and particularly relates to a meat sheep feed and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The meat sheep breeding industry is an important part of the animal husbandry, and its core goal is to improve the growth efficiency and meat quality of meat sheep. With the upgrading of consumers' demand for healthy meat products, the market's quality requirements for mutton have shifted from simply "high yield" to multi-dimensional indicators such as "low fat and high protein, bright color, and strong water retention". However, the design of traditional meat sheep feeds mostly focuses on basic nutrition supply. Although it can meet the basic growth needs, there are significant limitations in regulating fat distribution, improving meat color stability, and antioxidant water retention, resulting in difficulties in breaking through the production efficiency of high-quality mutton.

[0003] Currently, the improvement of meat sheep feeds mainly focuses on the addition of single functional components. For example, exogenous antioxidants such as vitamin E and selenium yeast are added to inhibit lipid oxidation, or plant extracts such as tea polyphenols and flavonoids are added to regulate fat metabolism. However, these solutions still have a large number of defects. First of all, most additives can only act on subcutaneous fat decomposition or intramuscular fat synthesis singly, and cannot achieve the synergistic regulation of the two, resulting in a prominent contradiction between "lipid reduction" and "muscle gain", and ultimately leading to an imbalance in fat deposition regulation; secondly, although traditional antioxidants can delay the oxidation of myoglobin in the short term, during long-term storage or processing, due to the lack of metal ion chelating ability and photothermal stability, the meat color is prone to fade and darken, resulting in insufficient meat color stability; at the same time, fat-soluble functional substances are difficult to exert their expected effects due to poor dispersibility and low intestinal absorption rate, and are easily degraded and inactivated by conventional processing technologies such as simple mixing, resulting in low bioavailability of active ingredients.

[0004] In addition, the existing feed processing technology pays insufficient attention to the carrier technology of functional components. Although directly adding cellulose can improve the feed structure to a certain extent, its crude fiber form is difficult to form a water retention network and cannot achieve the slow release and controlled release of active ingredients. These problems further limit the bioavailability of functional components and make it difficult to improve the comprehensive efficiency of the feed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a meat sheep feed and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems of unbalanced regulation of fat deposition, insufficient meat color stability, and low bioavailability of feed active ingredients in meat sheep fed with traditional feeds.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above object is to provide a meat sheep feed, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 900-1100 parts of basic feed, 0.1-0.3 part of resveratrol, 0.05-0.2 part of pomegranate peel extract, 0.05-0.2 part of histidine-zinc chelate, 0.06-0.1 part of rosmarinic acid, 0.1-0.2 part of citrus peel extract, 0.1-0.3 part of guayusa extract, 0.1-0.3 part of Boesenbergia rotunda extract, 1-2 parts of seabuckthorn fruit powder, and 10-30 parts of straw cellulose nanofiber suspension.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The basic feed provides necessary nutritional support for meat sheep and is the basis for its growth and development; on this basis, resveratrol and citrus peel extract act together to promote the decomposition of fat, inhibit the activity of fat synthase, and reduce the differentiation of subcutaneous fat cells. Then, an oxidation-reduction cycle is formed between pomegranate peel extract and resveratrol to protect intramuscular fat from oxidative damage; histidine-zinc chelate provides zinc ions with high bioavailability and produces a synergistic effect with seabuckthorn fruit powder to promote the synthesis of the antioxidant network and the activation of enzyme activity; at the same time, rosmarinic acid can block initial oxidation, guayusa extract neutralizes lipid free radicals, and Boesenbergia rotunda extract inhibits the inflammatory reaction caused by oxidative stress, jointly forming a three-level protection. The addition of straw cellulose nanofiber suspension can improve the physical structure of the feed, increase its water retention and swelling properties, help improve the digestibility and utilization rate of the feed, promote the absorption of nutrients, and can also reduce abnormal fat deposition caused by indigestion.

[0008] Preferably, the meat sheep feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1000 parts of basic feed, 0.12 part of resveratrol, 0.1 part of pomegranate peel extract, 0.1 part of histidine-zinc chelate, 0.08 part of rosmarinic acid, 0.15 part of citrus peel extract, 0.2 part of guayusa extract, 0.2 part of Boesenbergia rotunda extract, 1.2 parts of seabuckthorn fruit powder, and 18-20 parts of straw cellulose nanofiber suspension.

[0009] More preferably, the histidine-zinc chelate is prepared by the following steps: mixing L-histidine and zinc salt in a mass ratio of 1-2:1, adjusting the pH to 6-6.5, and carrying out a heating reaction at 40-60 °C for 30-60 min, and then obtaining the histidine-zinc chelate after concentration, washing, centrifugation, and drying.

[0010] More preferably, the histidine-zinc chelate is prepared by the following steps: mixing L-histidine and zinc salt in a mass ratio of 2:1, adjusting the pH to 6, and carrying out a heating reaction at 50 °C for 40 min. After the reaction is completed, it is concentrated to a viscous state, washed with absolute ethanol, and then obtained the histidine-zinc chelate after centrifugation and drying.

[0011] More preferably, the zinc salt is zinc nitrate hexahydrate.

[0012] More preferably, the mass concentration of the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension is 1.5-3.0%.

[0013] More preferably, the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension is prepared by the following steps: mixing the straw fibers with water and adding them to a high-speed rotor grinder to grind them into a water suspension, then grinding them using an ultrafine friction grinder with a disc gap of less than 80 μm, and then homogenizing the suspension three times using a microfluidic machine at a pressure of 200 to 220 MPa.

[0014] More preferably, the basic feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of peanut vines, 20-30 parts of corn, 5-15 parts of soybean meal, 5-15 parts of bran, 5-10 parts of dry corn alcohol grains, 4-9 parts of corn germ meal, 0.1-0.3 parts of vitamins and 0.3-1 parts of minerals.

[0015] More preferably, the basic feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30 parts of peanut vines, 26 parts of corn, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of bran, 8 parts of dry corn alcohol grains, 7 parts of corn germ meal, 0.2 parts of vitamins and 0.3 parts of minerals.

[0016] More preferably, each kilogram of vitamins includes: vitamin A 120000-160000 IU, vitamin D 3 20000~30000IU, Vitamin E 700~800IU, Vitamin K 3 70-90 mg, vitamin B 1 70-85 mg, vitamin B 2 100-200 mg, vitamin B 6 70-85 mg, vitamin B 12 0.5-1.5mg, niacin 600-800mg and pantothenic acid 200-400mg; each kilogram of minerals includes: copper sulfate 200-300mg, ferrous sulfate 800-1000mg, zinc sulfate 750-800mg, manganese sulfate 300-400mg, potassium iodide 10-12mg and sodium selenite 0.1-0.5mg.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned mutton sheep feed, comprising the following steps:

[0018] (1) mixing pomegranate peel extract, histidine-zinc chelate, rosmarinic acid, citrus peel extract, guayusa extract, ginger extract and seabuckthorn fruit powder to obtain a mixture A;

[0019] (2) adjusting the pH of the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension to 6.8-7.2, adding the mixture A for dispersion treatment, and obtaining a hydrophilic mixture;

[0020] (3) Emulsify resveratrol with an emulsifier to obtain an emulsified mixture;

[0021] (4) Mix and homogenize the hydrophilic mixture and the emulsified mixture, and obtain a premix after vacuum drying;

[0022] (5) Mix the premix with the basal diet, crush it, add water until the water content is 3-5%, and compress and granulate to obtain the product.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention adopting the above technical solutions are as follows: During the preparation process, raw materials with different physical properties are mixed step by step, avoiding the aggregation or loss of components caused by polarity differences; adjusting the pH of the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension to neutral, adsorbing hydrophilic raw materials through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, can achieve the adsorption and encapsulation of active ingredients, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of active ingredients; then emulsify resveratrol with a non-ionic emulsifier to make it evenly dispersed, avoiding the decline in palatability caused by too high local concentration; then mix and homogenize the hydrophilic mixture and the emulsified mixture to form a homogeneous composite system, strengthening the stability of active ingredients, and solving the problems of inactivation of functional components, uneven dispersion, and low absorption rate in traditional feed processes.

[0024] Preferably, the dispersion treatment in step (2) includes the following steps: Add mixture A to the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension in 2-3 times for ultrasonic dispersion for 3-8 min, and the time interval between each addition is 8-15 min.

[0025] More preferably, the dispersion treatment in step (2) includes the following steps: Add mixture A to the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension in 3 times for ultrasonic dispersion for 5 min, and the time interval between each addition is 10 min.

[0026] More preferably, the ultrasonic dispersion frequency is 20 kHz and the power is 200 W.

[0027] Preferably, step (3) includes the following steps: Place resveratrol and the emulsifier in a water bath at 50-65 °C, stir at a speed of 250-600 rpm for 10-15 min to form a coarse emulsion, and then stir at 9000-10000 rpm for 2-5 min to obtain the emulsified mixture; the emulsifier is Tween 80; the mass ratio of the emulsifier to resveratrol is 0.4-0.6:1.

[0028] More preferably, step (3) includes the following steps: Place resveratrol and the emulsifier in a water bath at 60 °C, stir at a speed of 500 rpm for 15 min to form a coarse emulsion, and then stir at 10000 rpm for 5 min to obtain the emulsified mixture; the mass ratio of the emulsifier to resveratrol is 0.5:1.

[0029] Preferably, the homogenization in step (4) is high-pressure homogenization, the pressure is 50-60 MPa, and the number of cycles is 2-3 times.

[0030] More preferably, the homogenization in step (4) is high-pressure homogenization, the pressure is 50 MPa, and the number of cycles is 3 times.

[0031] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] (1) The mutton feed prepared by the present invention has comprehensive nutrition, good palatability, high digestibility and utilization rate of the feed, and solves the problems of unbalanced fat deposition regulation, insufficient meat color stability and low bioavailability of active ingredients in the mutton fed with traditional feeds. The obtained mutton has higher muscle mass and quality.

[0033] (2) The method for preparing mutton feed of the present invention is simple and can solve the problems of inactivation of functional components, uneven dispersion and low absorption rate in traditional feed processes. It can be adapted to traditional feed production lines, has controllable production costs, and has the value of large-scale promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 The present invention discloses a preparation process of the mutton sheep feed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0036] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The features and properties of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples. In the following examples, pomegranate peel extract, rosmarinic acid and seabuckthorn fruit powder are all provided by Lanzhou Waterless Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; citrus peel extract is provided by Shaanxi Senyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; guayusa extract and ginger extract are both provided by Shaanxi Mufan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; resveratrol is provided by Shaanxi Chenming Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A mutton sheep feed, comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1000 parts of basic feed, 0.12 part of resveratrol, 0.1 part of pomegranate peel extract, 0.1 part of histidine-zinc chelate, 0.08 part of rosmarinic acid, 0.15 part of citrus peel extract, 0.2 part of guayusa extract, 0.2 part of Boesenbergia rotunda extract, 1.2 parts of seabuckthorn fruit powder, and 20 parts of a straw cellulose nanofiber suspension with a mass concentration of 1.5%;

[0040] Among them, the basic feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30 parts of peanut vine, 26 parts of corn, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of wheat bran, 8 parts of dry corn distillers grains, 7 parts of corn germ meal, 0.2 part of vitamins, and 0.3 part of minerals; Each kilogram of vitamins includes: 124490 IU of vitamin A, 25300 IU of vitamin D 3 754 IU of vitamin E, 82 mg of vitamin K 3 76 mg of vitamin B 1 76 mg of vitamin B 2 130 mg of vitamin B 6 76 mg of vitamin B 12 1 mg of vitamin B, 625 mg of niacin, and 298 mg of pantothenic acid; Each kilogram of minerals includes: 254 mg of copper sulfate, 869 mg of ferrous sulfate, 760 mg of zinc sulfate, 329 mg of manganese sulfate, 11 mg of potassium iodide, and 0.25 mg of sodium selenite;

[0041] Among them, the histidine-zinc chelate is prepared by the following steps: mixing L-histidine and zinc nitrate hexahydrate in a mass ratio of 2:1, adjusting the pH to 6, heating at 50 °C for 40 min, concentrating to a viscous state after the reaction, washing with absolute ethanol, and obtaining the histidine-zinc chelate after centrifugation and drying;

[0042] The straw cellulose nanofiber suspension is prepared by the following steps: mixing 1.5 g of straw fiber with 100 g of water, adding it to a high-speed rotor grinder to grind into a water suspension, then using an ultra-fine friction grinder to grind with a disk gap of less than 80 μm, and then homogenizing the suspension 3 times with a microfluidizer at a pressure of 200 MPa to obtain it.

[0043] The preparation method of the mutton sheep feed in this example comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) Mixing the pomegranate peel extract, histidine-zinc chelate, rosmarinic acid, citrus peel extract, guayusa extract, Boesenbergia rotunda extract, and seabuckthorn fruit powder to obtain mixture A;

[0045] (2) adjusting the pH of a 1.5% straw cellulose nanofiber suspension to 7.0, adding mixture A to the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension for ultrasonic dispersion at a frequency of 20 kHz and a power of 200 W for 5 min, with a time interval of 10 min between each addition, to obtain a hydrophilic mixture;

[0046] (3) placing Tween 80 and resveratrol in a mass ratio of 0.5:1 in a 60°C water bath, stirring at 500 rpm for 15 min to form a crude emulsion, and then stirring at 10,000 rpm for 5 min to obtain an emulsified mixture;

[0047] (4) mixing the hydrophilic mixture and the emulsified mixture and performing high-pressure homogenization at a pressure of 50 MPa for 3 cycles, and obtaining a premix after vacuum drying;

[0048] (5) The premix and basic feed are mixed and crushed, and water is added to the mixture until the moisture content is 4%, and the mixture is compressed and granulated to obtain mutton feed.

[0049] The preparation process of the above preparation method is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] A mutton sheep feed, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 900 parts of basic feed, 0.1 parts of resveratrol, 0.05 parts of pomegranate peel extract, 0.05 parts of histidine-zinc chelate, 0.06 parts of rosmarinic acid, 0.1 parts of citrus peel extract, 0.1 parts of guayosa extract, 0.1 parts of ginger extract, 1 part of seabuckthorn fruit powder, and 30 parts of straw cellulose nanofiber suspension with a mass concentration of 2%;

[0052] The basic feed includes the following raw materials by weight: 25 parts of peanut vines, 20 parts of corn, 5 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of bran, 5 parts of dry corn alcohol grains, 4 parts of corn germ meal, 0.1 parts of vitamins and 0.3 parts of minerals; each kilogram of vitamins includes: vitamin A 120,000 IU, vitamin D 3 20000IU, Vitamin E 700IU, Vitamin K 3 70mg, Vitamin B 1 70mg, Vitamin B 2 100mg, Vitamin B 6 70mg, Vitamin B 12 0.5mg, niacin 600mg and pantothenic acid 200mg; each kilogram of minerals includes: copper sulfate 200mg, ferrous sulfate 800mg, zinc sulfate 750mg, manganese sulfate 300mg, potassium iodide 10mg and sodium selenite 0.1mg;

[0053] The histidine-zinc chelate is prepared by the following steps: L-histidine and zinc nitrate hexahydrate are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1, the pH is adjusted to 6, and a heating reaction is performed at 40°C for 60 minutes. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is concentrated to a viscous state, washed with anhydrous ethanol, and centrifuged and dried to obtain the histidine-zinc chelate;

[0054] The straw cellulose nanofiber suspension is prepared by the following steps: 2 g of straw fiber is mixed with 100 g of water and added into a high-speed rotor grinder for grinding to form a water suspension, then ground using an ultrafine friction grinder with a disc gap of less than 80 μm, and then homogenized three times with a microfluidic machine at a pressure of 200 MPa to obtain the suspension.

[0055] The preparation method steps and parameters of the mutton sheep feed in this embodiment are the same as those in Example 1.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] A mutton sheep feed, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1100 parts of basic feed, 0.3 parts of resveratrol, 0.2 parts of pomegranate peel extract, 0.2 parts of histidine-zinc chelate, 0.1 parts of rosmarinic acid, 0.2 parts of citrus peel extract, 0.3 parts of guayosa extract, 0.3 parts of ginger extract, 2 parts of seabuckthorn fruit powder and 20 parts of straw cellulose nanofiber suspension with a mass concentration of 3%;

[0058] The basic feed includes the following raw materials by weight: 35 parts of peanut vines, 30 parts of corn, 15 parts of soybean meal, 15 parts of bran, 10 parts of dry corn alcohol grains, 9 parts of corn germ meal, 0.3 parts of vitamins and 1 part of minerals; each kilogram of vitamins includes: vitamin A 160,000 IU, vitamin D 3 30000IU, Vitamin E 800IU, Vitamin K 3 90mg, Vitamin B 1 85mg, Vitamin B 2 200mg, Vitamin B 6 85mg, Vitamin B 12 1.5mg, niacin 800mg and pantothenic acid 400mg; each kilogram of minerals includes: copper sulfate 300mg, ferrous sulfate 1000mg, zinc sulfate 800mg, manganese sulfate 400mg, potassium iodide 12mg and sodium selenite 0.5mg;

[0059] The histidine-zinc chelate is prepared by the following steps: L-histidine and zinc nitrate hexahydrate are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1, the pH is adjusted to 6.5, and a heating reaction is carried out at 60°C for 30 minutes. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is concentrated to a viscous state, washed with anhydrous ethanol, and centrifuged and dried to obtain the histidine-zinc chelate;

[0060] The straw cellulose nanofiber suspension is prepared by the following steps: Mix 3 g of straw fiber with 100 g of water and add them to a high-speed rotor grinder to grind into a water suspension, then use an ultra-fine friction grinder to grind with a disk gap less than 80 μm, and then homogenize the suspension 3 times under a pressure of 200 MPa with a microfluidizer to obtain it.

[0061] In this example, the preparation method steps and parameters of the mutton sheep feed are the same as those in Example 1.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] A mutton sheep feed, the raw materials in parts by mass are the same as those in Example 1.

[0064] The preparation method of the mutton sheep feed in this example includes the following steps:

[0065] (1) Mix the pomegranate peel extract, histidine-zinc chelate, rosmarinic acid, citrus peel extract, guayusa extract, boesenbergia rotunda extract and seabuckthorn fruit powder to obtain mixture A;

[0066] (2) Adjust the pH of the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension with a mass concentration of 1.5% to 6.8, add mixture A to the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension in 3 times and perform ultrasonic dispersion at a frequency of 20 kHz and a power of 200 W for 3 min, with an interval of 8 min for each addition, to obtain a hydrophilic mixture;

[0067] (3) Place Tween 80 and resveratrol with a mass ratio of 0.4:1 in a 50 °C water bath and stir at a speed of 250 rpm for 15 min to form a crude emulsion, and then stir at 9000 rpm for 5 min to obtain an emulsified mixture;

[0068] (4) Mix the hydrophilic mixture and the emulsified mixture and perform high-pressure homogenization at a pressure of 55 MPa for 3 cycles, and obtain a premix after vacuum drying;

[0069] (5) Mix the premix with the basal diet, crush it and add water to a water content of 3%, and compress and granulate to obtain the mutton sheep feed.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] A mutton sheep feed, the raw materials in parts by mass are the same as those in Example 1.

[0072] The preparation method of the mutton sheep feed in this example includes the following steps:

[0073] (1) Mix the pomegranate peel extract, histidine-zinc chelate, rosmarinic acid, citrus peel extract, guayusa extract, boesenbergia rotunda extract and seabuckthorn fruit powder to obtain mixture A;

[0074] (2) adjusting the pH of a 1.5% straw cellulose nanofiber suspension to 7.2, adding mixture A to the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension for ultrasonic dispersion at a frequency of 20 kHz and a power of 200 W for 8 min, with a time interval of 15 min between each addition, to obtain a hydrophilic mixture;

[0075] (3) placing Tween 80 and resveratrol in a mass ratio of 0.6:1 in a 65°C water bath, stirring at 600 rpm for 10 min to form a crude emulsion, and then stirring at 10,000 rpm for 2 min to obtain an emulsified mixture;

[0076] (4) mixing the hydrophilic mixture and the emulsified mixture and performing high-pressure homogenization at a pressure of 60 MPa, the cycle is repeated 3 times, and a premix is ​​obtained after vacuum drying;

[0077] (5) The premix and basic feed are mixed and crushed, and water is added to the mixture until the moisture content is 5%, and the mixture is compressed and granulated to obtain mutton feed.

[0078] Comparative Example 1

[0079] A mutton sheep feed, compared with Example 1, does not add pomegranate peel extract, resveratrol and citrus peel extract, and is replaced by an equal mass portion of basic feed. The remaining raw materials and addition amounts are consistent with those in Example 1.

[0080] The preparation method of the mutton sheep feed of this comparative example comprises the following steps:

[0081] (1) mixing histidine-zinc chelate, rosmarinic acid, guayosa extract, Zingiber officinale extract and seabuckthorn fruit powder to obtain a mixture A;

[0082] (2) adjusting the pH of a 1.5% straw cellulose nanofiber suspension to 7.0, adding mixture A to the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension for ultrasonic dispersion at a frequency of 20 kHz and a power of 200 W for 5 min, with a time interval of 10 min between each addition, to obtain a hydrophilic mixture;

[0083] (3) The hydrophilic mixture is mixed with the basic feed, crushed, and water is added to the mixture until the moisture content is 4%, and then compressed into granules to obtain mutton sheep feed.

[0084] Comparative Example 2

[0085] A mutton sheep feed, compared with Example 1, does not add rosmarinic acid, guayosa extract and zingiber officinale extract, and is replaced by the same mass portion of basic feed. The remaining raw materials and addition amounts are consistent with those in Example 1.

[0086] The preparation method of the mutton sheep feed in this comparative example is consistent with that in Example 1.

[0087] Comparative Example 3

[0088] A mutton sheep feed, compared with Example 1, does not add histidine-zinc chelate and seabuckthorn fruit powder, and is replaced with the same mass of basic feed. The remaining raw materials and addition amounts are the same as those in Example 1.

[0089] The preparation method of the mutton sheep feed in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0090] Comparative Example 4

[0091] A mutton sheep feed, compared with Example 1, does not add pomegranate peel extract and seabuckthorn fruit powder, and is replaced with the same mass of basic feed. The remaining raw materials and addition amounts are the same as those in Example 1.

[0092] The preparation method of the mutton sheep feed in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0093] Comparative Example 5

[0094] A mutton sheep feed, compared with Example 1, does not add resveratrol and Boesenbergia rotunda extract, and is replaced with the same mass of basic feed. The remaining raw materials and addition amounts are the same as those in Example 1.

[0095] The preparation method of the mutton sheep feed in this comparative example includes the following steps:

[0096] (1) Mix pomegranate peel extract, histidine-zinc chelate, rosmarinic acid, citrus peel extract, guayusa extract and seabuckthorn fruit powder to obtain mixture A;

[0097] (2) Adjust the pH of the 1.5% mass concentration straw cellulose nanofiber suspension to 7.0, add mixture A to the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension in 3 times, and perform ultrasonic dispersion at a frequency of 20 kHz and a power of 200 W for 5 min, with a 10-min interval between each addition, to obtain a hydrophilic mixture;

[0098] (3) Mix the hydrophilic mixture with the basic feed, crush it, add water to a water content of 4%, and compress and granulate to obtain the mutton sheep feed.

[0099] Comparative Example 6

[0100] A mutton sheep feed, compared with Example 1, does not add the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension, and is replaced with the same mass of water. The remaining raw materials and addition amounts are the same as those in Example 1.

[0101] The preparation method of the mutton sheep feed in this comparative example includes the following steps:

[0102] (1) Mix pomegranate peel extract, histidine-zinc chelate, rosmarinic acid, citrus peel extract, guayusa extract, Boesenbergia rotunda extract and seabuckthorn fruit powder to obtain mixture A;

[0103] (2) Add mixture A to water in three portions and perform ultrasonic dispersion at a frequency of 20 kHz and a power of 200 W for 5 min, with a 10-min interval between each addition, to obtain a hydrophilic mixture;

[0104] (3) Place Tween 80 and resveratrol with a mass ratio of 0.5:1 in a 60°C water bath and stir at a speed of 500 rpm for 15 min to form a crude emulsion, and then stir at 10,000 rpm for 5 min to obtain an emulsified mixture;

[0105] (4) Mix the hydrophilic mixture and the emulsified mixture and perform high-pressure homogenization at a pressure of 50 MPa for 3 cycles, and then obtain a premix after vacuum drying;

[0106] (5) Mix the premix with the basal diet, crush it, add water to a moisture content of 4%, and compress and granulate to obtain the mutton sheep feed.

[0107] Comparative Example 7

[0108] A mutton sheep feed, with the raw materials in parts by mass being the same as those in Example 1.

[0109] The preparation method of the mutton sheep feed in this comparative example includes the following steps:

[0110] (1) Mix resveratrol, pomegranate peel extract, histidine-zinc chelate, rosmarinic acid, citrus peel extract, guayusa extract, Boesenbergia rotunda extract and seabuckthorn fruit powder and add a straw cellulose nanofiber suspension to obtain a premix;

[0111] (2) Mix the premix with the basal diet, crush it, add water to a moisture content of 4%, and compress and granulate to obtain the mutton sheep feed.

[0112] Experimental Example

[0113] 1 Growth index test of mutton sheep fed with the mutton sheep feed

[0114] 1.1 Breeding of mutton sheep

[0115] The growth index test was carried out at the Changping Sheep and Cattle Science and Technology Courtyard, the Feed South Pilot Base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; 130 hybrid F1 lambs of Australian White (♂) and Hu sheep (♀) with a healthy weight of (27.56±1.72) kg after weaning were selected. They were randomly divided into 13 groups, with 10 lambs in each group, half male and half female. The 13 groups were fed with the meat sheep feeds prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-7, as well as the basal feed (blank group). Before the start of the test, the pens where the test sheep were located were disinfected, and the selected test sheep were ear-tagged, vaccinated, weighed, and divided into pens. Each group was fed in one pen.

[0116] During the test period, the sheep were fed once at 8:00 and 17:00 every day. The sheep were allowed to eat and drink freely, and the feeding amount was adjusted according to the remaining feed amount of the previous day to ensure that there was remaining feed every day, with 10% of the feeding amount being the best.

[0117] 1.2 Meat sheep growth index test

[0118] During the test period, the feed intake was recorded every day, and the test sheep were weighed at the beginning and end (the 60th day) of the test period. The average daily gain, total feed intake, and feed conversion rate were calculated. The calculation formulas are shown in the following formulas (1)-(3), and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0119] Average daily gain (g) = (final weight of test sheep - initial weight of test sheep) / number of days (1)

[0120] Total feed intake (kg) = total feed amount during the test period - total remaining feed amount during the test period (2)

[0121] Feed conversion rate (%) = (final weight of test sheep - initial weight of test sheep) / total feed intake * 100% (3)

[0122] Table 1 Results of meat sheep growth index

[0123] Group Average daily gain (kg) Total feed intake (kg) Feed conversion rate (%) Example 1 0.089 61.45 8.69 Example 2 0.082 60.53 8.13 Example 3 0.077 60.95 7.58 Example 4 0.079 59.33 7.99 Example 5 0.078 60.84 7.69 Comparative Example 1 0.063 62.54 6.04 Comparative Example 2 0.059 63.86 5.54 Comparative Example 3 0.062 60.35 6.16 Comparative Example 4 0.066 61.66 6.42 Comparative Example 5 0.066 64.35 6.15 Comparative Example 6 0.06 60.45 5.96 Comparative Example 7 0.054 51.36 6.31 Blank group 0.045 55.2 4.89

[0124] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the blank group, the meat sheep feed prepared by the present invention can significantly affect the growth performance of meat sheep. Among them, the meat sheep fed with the meat sheep feed in Example 1 group had significantly better average daily gain and feed conversion rate than those fed with the basal feed; after canceling and replacing the raw materials of the meat sheep feed on the basis of Example 1, its growth performance decreased significantly; the feed conversion rate of the feed prepared by directly mixing all the raw materials (Comparative Example 7) decreased significantly, which was due to the uneven dispersion of the active ingredients during the preparation process, resulting in a decrease in the digestion efficiency and bioavailability of meat sheep.

[0125] 2 Analysis of meat sheep slaughter traits

[0126] The meat quality performance indicators such as hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, and eye muscle area of the meat sheep in each group were measured and analyzed after slaughter. The specific items and results are shown in Tables 2 to 3.

[0127] Table 2 Meat quality performance indicators of meat sheep fed with the meat sheep feed of the examples

[0128]

[0129] Table 3 Meat quality performance indicators of meat sheep fed with the meat sheep feed of the examples and comparative examples

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] As can be seen from the comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 in Table 3, when pomegranate peel extract, resveratrol, and citrus peel extract are missing in the feed, the carcass weight and redness a* obtained are significantly lower than those in Example 1, and the yellowness b* is significantly higher than that in Example 1. This is because the absence of pomegranate peel extract, resveratrol, and citrus peel extract leads to the breakage of the antioxidant network, increased oxidation of intramuscular fat (the b* value increases and the yellowness increases), and at the same time, the regulation of lipid metabolism is weakened, the subcutaneous fat decomposition is insufficient, and the dressing percentage decreases. Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that when rosmarinic acid, guayusa extract, and boesenbergia pandurata extract are missing in the feed, the drip loss of the obtained carcass increases and the redness a* decreases. This is because the synergistic effect of rosmarinic acid with guayusa and boesenbergia pandurata is missing, resulting in an increase in the oxidative damage of the muscle cell membrane and an increase in drip loss. From Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that when histidine-zinc chelate and seabuckthorn fruit powder are lacking in the feed, it will lead to accelerated oxidation of myoglobin, an increase in the initial brightness L*, a decrease in the initial redness, and at the same time, the synthesis of muscle protein is inhibited, the muscle antioxidant network is weakened, and the eye muscle area shrinks.

[0133] From Comparative Examples 4 and 5, it can be seen that whether pomegranate peel extract, seabuckthorn fruit powder, resveratrol, or boesenbergia pandurata extract is missing, it will cause an increase in subcutaneous fat deposition, a limitation in intramuscular fat synthesis, and a decrease in muscle water retention. When feeding sheep with the meat sheep feed lacking straw cellulose nanofiber suspension or directly mixing during the preparation process (Comparative Examples 6 and 7), it will lead to the absence of nanofiber carriers or the loss of the adsorption and slow-release effects on active ingredients, and the bioavailability will decrease significantly.

[0134] Based on the results of Tables 2 to 3, it can be seen that the meat sheep fed with the meat sheep feed of the present invention all exhibit excellent slaughter traits because the synergistic effect between the raw materials in the feed promotes the increase of intramuscular fat and fibers, reduces the deposition of subcutaneous fat, and thus improves the meat quality.

[0135] The present invention has been described according to the above embodiments. It should be understood that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form. Any technical solution obtained by means of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mutton sheep feed, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 900-1100 parts of basic feed, 0.1-0.3 parts of resveratrol, 0.05-0.2 parts of pomegranate peel extract, 0.05-0.2 parts of histidine-zinc chelate, 0.06-0.1 parts of rosmarinic acid, 0.1-0.2 parts of citrus peel extract, 0.1-0.3 parts of guayusa extract, 0.1-0.3 parts of ginger extract, 1-2 parts of sea buckthorn fruit powder and 10-30 parts of straw cellulose nanofiber suspension.

2. The mutton sheep feed according to claim 1, characterized in that The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of basic feed, 0.12 parts of resveratrol, 0.1 parts of pomegranate peel extract, 0.1 parts of histidine-zinc chelate, 0.08 parts of rosmarinic acid, 0.15 parts of citrus peel extract, 0.2 parts of guayusa extract, 0.2 parts of ginger extract, 1.2 parts of sea buckthorn fruit powder and 18 to 20 parts of straw cellulose nanofiber suspension.

3. The mutton sheep feed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The histidine-zinc chelate is prepared by the following steps: L-histidine and zinc salt are mixed in a mass ratio of 1-2:1, the pH is adjusted to 6-6.5, and a heating reaction is performed at 40-60°C for 30-60 minutes, and the histidine-zinc chelate is obtained after concentration, washing, centrifugation and drying.

4. The mutton sheep feed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The mass concentration of the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension is 1.5-3.0%.

5. The mutton sheep feed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The basic feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of peanut vines, 20-30 parts of corn, 5-15 parts of soybean meal, 5-15 parts of bran, 5-10 parts of dry corn alcohol grains, 4-9 parts of corn germ meal, 0.1-0.3 parts of vitamins and 0.3-1 parts of minerals.

6. The mutton sheep feed according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vitamins per kilogram include: vitamin A1 20000-160000 IU, vitamin D3 20000-30000 IU, vitamin E 700-800 IU, vitamin K3 70-90 mg, vitamin B1 70-85 mg, vitamin B2 100-200 mg, vitamin B6 70-85 mg, vitamin B 12 0.5-1.5mg, niacin 600-800mg and pantothenic acid 200-400mg; each kilogram of the minerals includes: copper sulfate 200-300mg, ferrous sulfate 800-1000mg, zinc sulfate 750-800mg, manganese sulfate 300-400mg, potassium iodide 10-12mg and sodium selenite 0.1-0.5mg.

7. The method for preparing mutton sheep feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) mixing pomegranate peel extract, histidine-zinc chelate, rosmarinic acid, citrus peel extract, guayusa extract, ginger extract and seabuckthorn fruit powder to obtain a mixture A; (2) adjusting the pH of the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension to 6.8-7.2, adding the mixture A for dispersion treatment, and obtaining a hydrophilic mixture; (3) emulsifying the resveratrol using an emulsifier to obtain an emulsified mixture; (4) mixing and homogenizing the hydrophilic mixture and the emulsified mixture, and vacuum drying to obtain a premix; (5) The premix and the basic feed are mixed and crushed, and water is added to the mixture until the moisture content is 3-5%, and then compressed into granules to obtain the product.

8. The method for preparing mutton sheep feed according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dispersion treatment in step (2) comprises the following steps: adding mixture A into the straw cellulose nanofiber suspension for ultrasonic dispersion for 3 to 8 minutes in 2 to 3 times, with the time interval between each addition being 8 to 15 minutes.

9. The method for preparing mutton sheep feed according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step (3) comprises the following steps: placing resveratrol and an emulsifier in a water bath at 50-65° C., stirring at a rotation speed of 250-600 rpm for 10-15 minutes to form a crude emulsion, and then stirring at 9000-10000 rpm for 2-5 minutes to obtain an emulsified mixture; the emulsifier is Tween 80; and the mass ratio of the emulsifier to resveratrol is 0.4-0.6:

1.

10. The method for preparing mutton sheep feed according to claim 7, characterized in that: The homogenization in step (4) is high-pressure homogenization, the pressure is 50-60 MPa, and the number of cycles is 2-3 times.

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