Simulation test method and system for labor intensity of high-altitude tunnel constructors

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of construction labor intensity evaluation, and discloses a high-altitude tunnel constructor labor intensity simulation test method and system, and the method comprises the steps: arranging a riding system, an environment simulation system and a cardiopulmonary test system in a riding cabin, and debugging the riding system, the environment simulation system and the cardiopulmonary test system to required test conditions; selecting one or more construction procedures, sequentially setting power and stride frequency parameters of the riding system according to the selected construction procedures, and sequentially collecting physiological data corresponding to each construction procedure of the tested person through the cardiopulmonary test system; all the collected physiological data are transmitted to a data analysis system, labor intensity indexes at different altitudes are directly calculated through a mathematical model, and a labor intensity evaluation report of each working procedure is generated. According to the invention, the labor intensity of different working procedures in a high-altitude environment can be simulated in a laboratory, and the physiological indexes of constructors can be monitored in real time, so that the labor intensity can be scientifically evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of construction labor intensity assessment, and particularly to a method and system for simulating and testing the labor intensity of construction workers in high-altitude tunnels. Background Art

[0002] With the increase in the number of high-altitude tunnel constructions in China, the labor intensity and health and safety issues of construction workers in low-pressure and low-oxygen environments have become increasingly prominent. Among them, the high-altitude and low-oxygen environment will have a significant impact on the physiological indicators of construction workers, exacerbating labor load and physical consumption.

[0003] Currently, the testing of labor intensity mostly relies on on-site measurement, but this method is restricted by environmental conditions and equipment, and it is difficult to meet the more comprehensive and accurate labor intensity assessment requirements at different altitudes.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a convenient laboratory simulation method that can accurately evaluate the labor intensity under different altitude environments and construction processes under controllable conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the testing of construction labor intensity in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for simulating and testing the labor intensity of construction workers in high-altitude tunnels.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for simulating and testing the labor intensity of construction workers in high-altitude tunnels includes the following steps:

[0008] Step S1, preparation before testing, including equipping a cycling system, an environment simulation system, and a cardiopulmonary testing system in a cycling chamber, and debugging the cycling system, the environment simulation system, and the cardiopulmonary testing system to the required test conditions;

[0009] Step S2, process simulation, including selecting one or more construction processes, and sequentially setting the power and cadence parameters of the cycling system according to the selected construction processes, allowing the test subjects to cycle at the set power and cadence, and sequentially collecting the physiological data corresponding to each construction process of the test subjects through the cardiopulmonary testing system;

[0010] Step S3, transmitting all the collected physiological data to a data analysis system, directly calculating the labor intensity index at different altitude heights by using a mathematical model, and generating a labor intensity assessment report for each process.

[0011] Preferably, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0012] Step S11: Start the environmental simulation system and adjust the environmental parameters of the riding cabin to the conditions of the target high-altitude tunnel. The environmental parameters include oxygen concentration, temperature, humidity, and wind speed.

[0013] Step S12: Check the normal operating status of all devices.

[0014] Step S13: Ensure that the cardiopulmonary test system is connected to the person to be tested, calibrate the device, and check the normality of data collection.

[0015] Preferably, before setting the power and step frequency parameters of the riding system in Step S2, first establish the correspondence between the construction process and the riding experiment, which specifically includes the following steps.

[0016] Step S21: Construction test: Collect the physiological data of construction workers during construction of different processes in an actual high-altitude tunnel, and obtain the labor intensity index based on the collected physiological data.

[0017] Step S22: Environmental parameter setting: Set the environmental parameters in the riding cabin to be the same as those in the high-altitude tunnel in Step S21 through the environmental simulation system.

[0018] Step S23: Riding experiment: Conduct a riding experiment in the riding cabin after setting the environmental parameters, and adjust the riding frequency and the step frequency of the person to be tested based on the labor intensity index obtained in Step S21 to obtain the riding frequency and the step frequency of the person to be tested matching different construction processes.

[0019] Preferably, Step S2 also includes Step S23 for result verification, including: Conduct an on-site riding test at the altitude corresponding to the high-altitude tunnel in Step S21, obtain the riding frequency and the step frequency of the person to be tested matching different construction processes based on the labor intensity index obtained in Step S21, and compare them with the riding frequency and the step frequency of the person to be tested matching different construction processes finally obtained in Step S23.

[0020] Preferably, Step S2 also includes Step S23 for result verification, and also includes conducting the construction test and riding experiment of Step S21 - S23 at different altitudes corresponding to the high-altitude tunnel in Step S21, and comparing the riding frequency and the step frequency of the person to be tested matching different construction processes obtained with the riding frequency and the step frequency of the person to be tested matching different construction processes finally obtained in S23.

[0021] Preferably, the physiological data in Step S2 includes oxygen uptake, heart rate, respiratory frequency, and blood oxygen saturation, and real-time cardiopulmonary function monitoring can be carried out while testing.

[0022] Preferably, in step S3, the labor intensity index at different altitudes is directly calculated using a mathematical model, and the following calculation formula is specifically used:

[0023] I = 3R t + 1.673M(1 + K),

[0024] In the formula, I is the labor intensity index;

[0025] K is the altitude coefficient. When the altitude is between 3000m and 4000m, K = 0.56; when the altitude is greater than 4000m, K = 0.72;

[0026] R t is the labor time rate, and the calculation formula is:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, T is the total working hours of a working day, taking 8h; ∑T si is the pure physical labor time, that is, the riding time of the tested person at the set power and step frequency;

[0029] M is the average energy metabolism rate of a working day, and the calculation formula is,

[0030] M = (20.19×VO 2 ) / A,

[0031] In the formula, VO 2 is the oxygen uptake, and A is the unit body surface area, where A = 0.0061H + 0.0124W - 0.0099, H is the height of the tested person, and W is the weight of the tested person.

[0032] A labor intensity simulation test system for high-altitude tunnel construction personnel includes at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor. The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor is enabled to execute the foregoing labor intensity simulation test method for high-altitude tunnel construction personnel.

[0033] Preferably, it further includes a riding cabin, and a riding system, an environment simulation system, and a cardiopulmonary test system are arranged in the riding cabin. The environment simulation system is used to adjust the environmental parameters in the riding cabin, and the cardiopulmonary test system is used to collect the physiological data of the tested person and transmit the collected physiological data to the processor.

[0034] Preferably, the riding system includes an S25U exercise bike with adjustable power.

[0035] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has significant technical effects:

[0036] (1) The present invention realizes the evaluation of labor intensity at different altitudes and processes in the laboratory by establishing a cycling experiment that can simulate the labor intensity of construction workers at high altitudes, providing a convenient labor intensity evaluation tool for construction units.

[0037] (2) Through the controllability of the system environmental conditions and the real-time monitoring of physiological indicators, the scientificity and reliability of the experimental data can be ensured.

[0038] (3) Obtaining labor intensity data conveniently in the laboratory significantly improves the efficiency of labor intensity evaluation, providing technical support for the safety management and work arrangement of high-altitude construction projects.

[0039] (4) This system is not only applicable to high-altitude tunnel construction, but also can be extended to the evaluation of labor intensity in other low-oxygen or extreme environments, such as deep wells and large bridge construction, etc., having good application prospects and popularization value. Detailed implementation mode

[0040] Example 1 Test method

[0041] I. Steps of the test method;

[0042] Specifically, it includes the following steps.

[0043] Step S1. Preparation before the test, including equipping a cycling system, an environment simulation system and a cardiopulmonary test system in the cycling chamber, that is, placing each device in the cycling chamber according to requirements, such as including an oxygen concentration adjustment device, a temperature and humidity control device, a wind speed control device and an adjustable power cycling system, where:

[0044] The oxygen concentration adjustment device controls the oxygen concentration through an oxygen generator and a gas mixer, etc., so as to simulate the low-oxygen environment at high altitudes; the temperature and humidity control system uses heating and humidifying equipment to simulate the temperature and humidity conditions in the tunnel; the wind speed control device: controls the wind speed in the cycling chamber at 0.1 - 0.5 m / s through a ventilation device to simulate the air flow situation in the tunnel; the cycling system consists of an S25U cycling power bike with adjustable power, and of course also includes various sensors required for monitoring environmental parameters, such as temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration and other sensors.

[0045] After configuring each device, debug the cycling system, the environment simulation system and the cardiopulmonary test system to the required test conditions. Specifically, it includes: Step S11. Start the environment simulation system and adjust the environmental parameters of the cycling chamber to the conditions of the target high-altitude tunnel. The said environmental parameters include oxygen concentration, temperature, humidity and wind speed; the specific adjustment method for the environmental parameters here can be realized by using the existing conventional real-time parameter control method based on the above devices, and will not be elaborated here.

[0046] Step S12: Check the normal operating status of all devices.

[0047] Step S13: Ensure that the cardiopulmonary test system (such as oxygen uptake and heart rate monitoring devices, etc.) is connected to the person being tested, calibrate the device and check the normality of data collection.

[0048] Step S2: Process simulation, including selecting one or more construction processes, and sequentially setting the power and cadence parameters of the cycling system according to the selected construction processes. Let the person being tested cycle at the set power and cadence, and sequentially collect the physiological data of the person being tested corresponding to each construction process through the cardiopulmonary test system;

[0049] During the process simulation, the specific simulation is as follows:

[0050] (1) Select the first construction process (such as "secondary lining steel bar layout") and set the power and cadence parameters of the cycling system.

[0051] (2) The experimenter cycles for 10 minutes at the set power and cadence to simulate the labor intensity of this process.

[0052] (3) The cardiopulmonary test system real-time collects the physiological data of the experimenter (such as oxygen uptake, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood oxygen saturation).

[0053] (4) End the test of the first process and save the data.

[0054] (5) Switch to the next construction process (such as "secondary lining waterproof cloth laying"), and adjust the power and cadence of the cycling system to the set value of this process.

[0055] (6) Repeat steps 2.2 to 2.4 to conduct a simulation experiment on this process.

[0056] (7) Sequentially simulate all processes until all construction processes have been completed for testing.

[0057] The power and cadence settings of the cycling system matching each construction process are as follows:

[0058] (1) Secondary lining steel bar layout: Power 144W, cadence 65 times / minute.

[0059] (2) Secondary lining waterproof cloth laying: Power 144W, cadence 50 times / minute.

[0060] (3) Inverted arch steel bar binding: Power 108W, cadence 55 times / minute.

[0061] (4) Floor construction: Power 108W, cadence 40 times / minute.

[0062] (5) Machinery operator: Power 72W, cadence 55 times / minute.

[0063] Step S3: Transmit all the collected physiological data to the data analysis system, and directly calculate the labor intensity index at different altitudes by using a mathematical model, and generate a labor intensity evaluation report for each process. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0064] I = 3R t + 1.673M(1 + K),

[0065] In the formula, I is the labor intensity index;

[0066] K is the altitude coefficient. When the altitude is between 3000m and 4000m, K = 0.56; when the altitude is greater than 4000m, K = 0.72;

[0067] R t is the labor time rate, and the calculation formula is:

[0068]

[0069] In the formula, T is the total working hours of a working day, taking 8h; ∑T si is the pure physical labor time, that is, the riding time of the tested person at the set power and step frequency;

[0070] M is the average energy metabolic rate of a working day, and the calculation formula is,

[0071] M = (20.19 × VO 2 ) / A,

[0072] In the formula, VO 2 is the oxygen uptake, and A is the unit body surface area, where A = 0.0061H + 0.0124W - 0.0099, H is the height of the tested person, and W is the weight of the tested person.

[0073] Second, establish the correspondence between the construction process and the riding experiment;

[0074] Specifically, it includes the following steps,

[0075] Step S21: Construction test: Collect the physiological data of construction workers during construction of different processes in the actual 2# high-altitude tunnel at an altitude of 4700m, and obtain the labor intensity index based on the collected physiological data;

[0076] Step S22: Environmental parameter setting: Set the environmental parameters in the riding cabin to be the same as those in the 2# high-altitude tunnel through the environmental simulation system;

[0077] Step S23, cycling experiment: Conduct a cycling experiment in the cycling cabin after setting the environmental parameters. Adjust the cycling frequency and the step frequency of the person being tested based on the labor intensity index obtained in Step S21 to obtain the cycling frequency and the step frequency of the person being tested that match different construction processes.

[0078] It also includes Step S23 for result verification, including: Conduct on-site cycling tests at the altitude corresponding to the 2# high-altitude tunnel. Obtain the cycling frequency and the step frequency of the person being tested that match different construction processes based on the labor intensity index obtained in Step S21, and compare them with the cycling frequency and the step frequency of the person being tested that match different construction processes finally obtained in Step S23.

[0079] To further verify the corresponding relationship between different labor processes and cycling power, it also includes conducting the construction test of Step S21 at different altitudes corresponding to the 2# high-altitude tunnel, such as in the 1# tunnel at an altitude of 2500m. Then conduct a cycling experiment in the environment corresponding to the 1# tunnel, and compare the cycling frequency and the step frequency of the person being tested that match different construction processes obtained with the cycling frequency and the step frequency of the person being tested that match different construction processes finally obtained in S23.

[0080] Among them, the 1# tunnel is located in the section from Nyingchi to Lhasa, with an average altitude of 2500m and a total length of 42.5km. It is the longest railway tunnel under construction in the world in terms of altitude. The ground elevation of the 2# tunnel is 4400m above sea level, and the altitude of the inclined shaft is 4700m. It is the highest railway tunnel under construction in the world.

[0081] Example 2, result verification of the test method

[0082] Taking oxygen uptake as an example, a two-way analysis of variance was conducted on the construction and cycling test results of the 1# tunnel and the 2# tunnel. The results are shown in Table 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that after adjusting the power of the cycling ergometer and the step frequency of the cyclist, in the construction and cycling tests of each process, the difference in oxygen uptake between the cycling experiment and the actual construction is small. In all processes, the p-value of the two-way analysis of variance is greater than 0.05, indicating that there is no significant difference between the working method and the oxygen uptake of the workers at the same altitude. At the same time, the type of process and the individual differences of the workers also have no significant impact on the experimental results. In addition, the two-way analysis of variance shows that there is no interaction between the process, the work, and the individual of the worker, that is, under different processes, the oxygen uptake of construction and cycling is relatively consistent.

[0083] Table 1, oxygen uptake test results and two-way analysis of variance results

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] To better verify that there is no significant difference between the results of the cycling experiment test and the on-site test, a two-way analysis of variance was also conducted on important physiological indicators such as respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation. The results are shown in Table 5. As can be seen from Table 5, among the three physiological indicators of respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation, there were no significant differences in construction, cycling, individual differences among workers, and the interaction between the two (the P values were all greater than 0.05), which further verified the feasibility of the cycling experiment in simulating the actual construction labor intensity. At the same time, there were no significant differences in the physiological indicator changes among different workers, indicating that under the same working environment and working intensity, individual differences had little effect on respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation. This means that under different process conditions, the cycling experiment can not only accurately reflect the labor intensity of different processes but also exclude the significant influence of individual physiological differences, thus ensuring the repeatability and reliability of the experimental results.

[0087] Table 5 Results of two-way analysis of variance for physiological indicators

[0088]

[0089] Based on the results of the cycling experiment and the on-site test, this paper established the corresponding relationship between the process and the cycling power as shown in Table 6. As shown in Table 6, by adjusting the cycling power of the power bike and the walking frequency of the construction workers, the simulation effect of replacing on-site construction with the cycling experiment can be achieved. Among them, the changes in the physiological indicators of construction workers caused by the intensity of different actions in different processes can be achieved by adjusting the walking frequency of construction workers.

[0090] Table 6 Corresponding relationship between different processes and cycling power

[0091]

[0092] Example 3

[0093] This embodiment provides a simulation test system for the labor intensity of construction workers in high-altitude tunnels, including at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor. The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor. The instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute a method for simulating the labor intensity of construction workers in high-altitude tunnels in Example 1.

[0094] The test system further includes a riding cabin, in which a riding system, an environment simulation system and a cardiopulmonary test system are provided. Specifically, an oxygen concentration regulating device, a temperature and humidity control device, a wind speed control device and an adjustable power riding system are provided in the riding cabin. The environment simulation system is used to adjust the environmental parameters in the riding cabin, and the cardiopulmonary test system is used to collect the physiological data of the tested person and transmit the collected physiological data to the processor. The riding system includes an S25U riding power bike with adjustable power.

[0095] It is easy to understand that those skilled in the art can combine, split, reorganize, etc. the embodiments of the present application based on one or several embodiments provided by the present application to obtain other embodiments, and these embodiments do not exceed the protection scope of the present application.

[0096] In summary, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for simulating the labor intensity of high-altitude tunnel construction workers, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, preparation before the test, including equipping the riding system, the environmental simulation system and the cardiopulmonary test system in the riding cabin, and debugging the riding system, the environmental simulation system and the cardiopulmonary test system to the required test conditions; Step S2, process simulation, including selecting one or more construction processes, and sequentially setting the power and cadence parameters of the cycling system according to the selected construction processes, allowing the tested person to ride at the set power and cadence, and sequentially collecting physiological data corresponding to each construction process of the tested person through the cardiopulmonary test system; Step S3: Transmit all collected physiological data to the data analysis system, use mathematical models to directly calculate the labor intensity index at different altitudes, and generate a labor intensity assessment report for each process.

2. A method for simulating the labor intensity of high-altitude tunnel construction workers according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 specifically includes the following steps: Step S11, starting the environmental simulation system to adjust the environmental parameters of the riding cabin to the conditions of the target high-altitude tunnel, wherein the environmental parameters include oxygen concentration, temperature, humidity and wind speed; Step S12, check the normal operation status of all devices; Step S13: Ensure that the cardiopulmonary test system is connected to the person being tested, calibrate the equipment and check the normality of data collection.

3. A method for simulating the labor intensity of high-altitude tunnel construction workers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, before setting the power and cadence parameters of the cycling system, a corresponding relationship between the construction process and the cycling experiment is established, which specifically includes the following steps: Step S21, construction test: collecting physiological data of construction workers in different working steps in an actual high-altitude tunnel, and obtaining a labor intensity index based on the collected physiological data; Step S22, setting environmental parameters: setting the environmental parameters in the riding cabin to be the same as the environmental parameters in the high altitude tunnel in step S21 through the environmental simulation system; Step S23, cycling experiment: a cycling experiment is conducted in the cycling cabin after setting the environmental parameters, and the cycling frequency and the step frequency of the measured person are adjusted based on the labor intensity index obtained in step S21 to obtain the cycling frequency and the step frequency of the measured person that match different construction processes.

4. A method for simulating the labor intensity of high-altitude tunnel construction workers according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S2 also includes step S23 for result verification, including: An on-site cycling test is carried out at an altitude corresponding to the high-altitude tunnel in step S21, and the cycling frequency and the step frequency of the test person matching different construction processes are obtained based on the labor intensity index obtained in step S21, and compared with the cycling frequency and the step frequency of the test person matching different construction processes finally obtained in step S23.

5. A method for simulating the labor intensity of high-altitude tunnel construction workers according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step S2 also includes step S23 to verify the result, and also includes The construction test and cycling experiment of steps S21-S23 are carried out at different altitudes corresponding to the high-altitude tunnel in step S21, and the cycling frequency and the step frequency of the tested person matching the different construction procedures obtained are compared with the cycling frequency and the step frequency of the tested person matching the different construction procedures finally obtained in S23.

6. A method for simulating the labor intensity of high-altitude tunnel construction workers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The physiological data described in step S2 include oxygen uptake, heart rate, respiratory rate and blood oxygen saturation.

7. A method for simulating the labor intensity of high-altitude tunnel construction workers according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: In step S3, the labor intensity index at different altitudes is directly calculated using a mathematical model, specifically using the following calculation formula: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">I=3R<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> t <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +1.673M(1+K), Where, I is the labor intensity index; K is the altitude coefficient, where K = 0.56 when the altitude is between 3000m and 4000m, and K = 0.72 when the altitude is greater than 4000m; R t is the labor time rate, and the calculation formula is: In the formula, T is the total working hours of the working day, which is 8h; ∑T si It is the pure physical labor time, that is, the cycling time of the tested person at the set power and cadence; M is the average energy metabolism rate on working days, and the calculation formula is: M=(20.19×VO2) / A, In the formula, VO2 is oxygen uptake, A is unit body surface area, where A=0.0061H+0.0124W-0.0099, H is the height of the person being tested, and W is the weight of the person being tested.

8. A high-altitude tunnel construction worker labor intensity simulation test system, characterized by: It includes at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute a labor intensity simulation test method for high-altitude tunnel construction workers as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A high altitude tunnel construction worker labor intensity simulation test system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a cycling cabin, which is equipped with a cycling system, an environmental simulation system and a cardiopulmonary test system. The environmental simulation system is used to adjust the environmental parameters in the cycling cabin, and the cardiopulmonary test system is used to collect physiological data of the tested person and transmit the collected physiological data to the processor.

10. A high altitude tunnel construction worker labor intensity simulation test system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cycling system includes the S25U cycling ergometer with adjustable power.

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