Laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, composite coating and preparation method of composite coating

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser alloys, discloses a laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, a composite coating and a preparation method of the composite coating, and aims to solve the problems that a laser alloying layer is easy to deform and crack and is insufficient in oxidation resistance and wear resistance due to a traditional laser alloying powder ratio. The laser alloy of the MoSiCuPtReIrW powder is prepared from the following raw materials: Mo, Si, Cu, Pt, Re, Ir and W. Rare elements such as Pt, Re, Ir and W are added on the basis of common laser alloying powder proportioning elements such as Mo, Si and Cu, the defects that a laser alloying layer is prone to deformation and cracking and poor in oxidation resistance and abrasion resistance due to traditional powder proportioning are overcome, and the alloy has the high mechanical strength on the basis of a synergistic strengthening mechanism of multi-component alloy components. The prepared composite coating shows excellent anti-oxidation stability and corrosion resistance, and can still keep stable surface integrity under the working condition of high-temperature friction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser alloying, and particularly to a laser alloy, a composite coating and a preparation method of the composite coating of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder. Background Art

[0002] As a cutting-edge material processing method, laser technology has extremely broad application potential in the manufacturing field. Currently, in many major equipment in the industrial and national defense fields, the production process is complex, the production cost is high, and the production cycle is long. During the service of the equipment, some components are affected by deterioration mechanisms such as wear and corrosion, resulting in failure phenomena such as degradation of material properties and damage to structural integrity, which may cause the equipment to operate abnormally. Therefore, for these parts with high added value, by improving their corrosion resistance, wear resistance and oxidation resistance, not only can the service life of the equipment be significantly extended, but also the operating efficiency of the equipment can be effectively improved. During the laser alloying process, the substrate and the coating will undergo rapid heating and cooling processes, and the sudden temperature change will cause thermal stress, resulting in uneven stress distribution inside the material and even deformation. Especially for large and complex-structured parts, the response of different parts to temperature changes is quite different, which may have an adverse impact on the accuracy and stability of the parts.

[0003] Common laser alloying powder ratios are mainly composed of elements such as Mo, Si, and Cu. During the laser alloying process, alloying powders mainly composed of Mo and Si elements are prone to react with O in the air to produce MoO that cannot float up 3 , SiO 2 and other products. These substances become impurities in the alloy layer, resulting in the generation of cracks, reducing the wear resistance and oxidation resistance of the material; while the alloy powders mainly composed of Cu and Mo elements interact with each other, changing the microstructure of the alloy, generating channels inside the alloy, providing a rapid diffusion and penetration path for corrosive media, thus accelerating the corrosion process and reducing the corrosion resistance of the material. Therefore, the present invention provides a laser alloy, a composite coating and a preparation method of the composite coating based on MoSiCuPtReIrW powder. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a laser alloy, a composite coating and a preparation method of the composite coating of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder. The laser alloy adds rare elements Pt, Re, Ir, and W on the basis of Mo, Si, and Cu elements, not only retaining the corrosion resistance of the original alloy layer, but also greatly improving the oxidation resistance and wear resistance of the material, effectively solving the problem of the reaction of MoO 3 , SiO 2Inclusions and other products cause many cracks to occur in the alloy layer, thereby reducing the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of the alloy layer. In the laser alloying process of the present invention, an ultrasonic vibration technique is introduced. By applying ultrasonic waves with a specific frequency (20 kHz to 50 kHz) and amplitude (5 μm to 20 μm) to the surface of the substrate, the residual stress in the molten coating can be effectively eliminated, the grain structure can be refined, and the uniform distribution of alloying elements can be promoted, thereby further reducing crack generation and improving the density and wear resistance of the coating.

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, which is composed of raw materials in the following mass percentages: 20% - 28% Mo, 20% - 25% Si, 1% - 5% Cu, 6% - 15% Pt, 14% - 20% Re, 15% - 20% Ir, 5% - 12% W, with a total of 100%.

[0006] The second object of the present invention is to provide a laser alloy composite coating, which is manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy and an adhesive, and the mass ratio of the laser alloy to the adhesive is 1:0.03 - 0.08.

[0007] The third object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the above laser alloy composite coating, which includes the following steps: S1. Weigh raw materials in the following mass percentages respectively: 20% - 28% Mo, 20% - 25% Si, 1% - 5% Cu, 6% - 15% Pt, 14% - 20% Re, 15% - 20% Ir, 5% - 12% W; add an adhesive to the weighed raw materials and mix evenly to obtain an alloy powder coating. S2. Apply the alloy powder to the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating, and use an inert gas to scan the alloy powder coating by laser lap welding and melt it to obtain a laser alloy composite coating.

[0008] As a preferred implementation manner, the adhesive is composed of raw materials in the following mass percentages: 20% - 25% acrylate polymer, 22% - 30% modified polyether resin, 15% - 25% phenol, 20% - 30% acetone, with a total of 100%.

[0009] As a preferred implementation manner, during the laser scanning in step S2, ultrasonic vibration is applied through an ultrasonic vibration head, the ultrasonic frequency is 20 kHz to 50 kHz, the amplitude is 5 μm to 20 μm, and the vibration time is the whole process of laser scanning.

[0010] As a preferred implementation manner, the thickness of the alloy powder coating is 0.2 - 1.3 mm.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the laser parameters are as follows: the laser power is 1200 - 3000 W, the laser scanning speed is 150 - 350 mm / min, and the spot diameter is 2 - 6 mm.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the inert gas is argon with a flow rate of 8 - 25 L / min.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the substrate is one of titanium alloy, precipitation hardening stainless steel (such as 17 - 4PH), Q235, 40Cr, nickel-based alloy (such as Monel400), and 304L stainless steel.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, before applying the alloy powder coating to the surface of the substrate in step S2, the substrate matrix with a polished surface is fed into an ultrasonic cleaner and cleaned in absolute ethanol and acetone for 10 - 12 min using ultrasonic waves of 15 - 30 kHz.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: To solve the technical problems in the prior art that when Mo, Si, etc. are used as the main elements to react with O to produce inclusions such as MoO 3 , SiO 2 , etc., when the alloy is subjected to external forces, stress concentration is likely to occur around the inclusions, resulting in more cracks in the alloy layer, thereby reducing the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of the alloy layer. The present invention proposes to add rare elements such as Pt, Re, Ir, and W on the basis of the common laser alloying powder ratio elements such as Mo, Si, and Cu, and solves the problems such as easy deformation and cracking of the laser alloying layer produced by the common powder ratio, and poor oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance. The interaction between the alloy components of the present invention improves the oxidation resistance and wear resistance of the alloy coating, specifically manifested as follows: Si is dissolved in Mo element to form a [Si, Mo] substitutional solid solution. Through lattice distortion and redistribution of electron clouds, the electrode potential of the alloy is changed, reducing the activity of the alloy in the corrosive medium, thereby improving the corrosion resistance; Cu and Mo form a Mo-Cu alloy. Through surface treatment and alloying processes, the corrosion resistance of the alloy can be improved by electroplating technology, adjusting the molybdenum-copper ratio, and changing the microstructure of the alloy; Pt and Mo form an intermetallic compound. By controlling the preparation process of the alloy, adjusting the formation amount and distribution of the intermetallic compound, so that they form a strengthening layer on the alloy surface or in the area where wear occurs during the friction process, thereby effectively improving the wear resistance of the alloy; Re and Mo can form a solid solution alloy, which can increase the electrode potential of the alloy and reduce the anodic dissolution reaction, thereby enhancing the corrosion resistance of the alloy; W and Mo form a Mo-W alloy. By controlling the solidification process to refine the grains of the Mo-W alloy, the wear resistance of the composite coating can be effectively improved; Cu and Si form a copper-silicon compound, and the formation of Cu 3 Si can reduce the microdefects inside the alloy and improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy; Re and Si form ReSi 2 , and the existence of ReSi 2 helps to refine the grains, change the oxidation path and rate, and improve the oxidation resistance of the alloy; W and Si form a Si-W alloy. By changing the anodic dissolution reaction of the alloy in the corrosive medium, the corrosion resistance of the alloy is enhanced; Mo, Si, and Cu can form a [Si, Cu, Mo] ternary solid solution, which plays a role in solid solution strengthening of the matrix and can improve the strength, hardness, and oxidation resistance of the alloy; Si and Re elements form a tungsten-silicon binary alloy and a W-Re alloy with W element respectively, which can significantly improve the wear resistance of the composite coating. Since Mo, Cu, Pt, and Ir elements themselves have good corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance properties, they have a significant effect on improving the wear resistance and oxidation resistance of the composite coating surface; Cu and Si will react with O element in the air through oxidation reaction to generate Cu 2 O and SiO 2 oxide film, and Mo and O will generate a thin and dense MoO 3 film, forming a dense oxidation protection layer under high-temperature conditions. Through the reactions between the above alloying elements, the prepared composite coating can have good corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and wear resistance.

[0016] The alloy composition of the present invention is reasonably designed, the cooperation between components is strong, the processing cost is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved, so that large-scale and rapid processing in the factory can be realized. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the laser alloying processing equipment adopted by the present invention.

[0018] Description of reference numerals: 1. Powder feeder; 2. Argon gas cylinder; 3. Fiber laser; 4. Control system; 5. Ultrasonic generator; 6. Laser head; 7. Workbench; 8. Substrate; 9. Alloy powder coating layer; 10. Fixture; 11. Ultrasonic vibration head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention and implement it, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention. The following test methods and detection methods, unless otherwise specified, are conventional methods; the reagents and raw materials, unless otherwise specified, are commercially available.

[0020] The existing reaction of Mo, Si and other main elements with O to produce MoO 3 、SiO 2 When the alloy is subjected to external force, stress concentration is easily generated around the inclusions, resulting in more cracks in the alloy layer, thereby reducing the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of the alloy layer. The present invention provides a laser alloy, a composite coating and a preparation method of the composite coating of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder. On the basis of common laser alloying powder ratio elements such as Mo, Si, Cu, rare elements Pt, Re, Ir and W are added to prepare a laser alloy composite coating through laser melting, thereby improving the corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and wear resistance of the alloy coating.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below.

[0022] The invention provides a laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, which is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20%-28% Mo, 20%-25% Si, 1%-5% Cu, 6%-15% Pt, 14%-20% Re, 15%-20% Ir, 5%-12% W, which is 100% in total.

[0023] The present invention also provides a laser alloy composite coating, which is manufactured by laser melting the above laser alloy and adhesive, wherein the mass ratio of the laser alloy to the adhesive is 1:0.03-0.08.

[0024] Note: The combination of laser alloy and adhesive can enable the laser alloy to form a strong bonding force with other materials and is used for surface coating to improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and surface hardness of materials. If the mass ratio of the adhesive is too low, the bonding force between the laser alloy and other materials will be weakened, and problems such as pores and cracks are likely to occur in the coating, and the improvement effects of wear resistance and hardness are limited. On the contrary, if the mass ratio of the adhesive is too high, not only will the hardness and wear resistance of the composite structure decrease due to the reduction in the relative content of the laser alloy, but it will also be difficult to control the coating thickness and uniformity, resulting in states such as extended drying time and incomplete curing. Considering comprehensively, the mass ratio of the laser alloy to the adhesive is set at 1:0.03 - 0.08.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned laser alloy composite coating, which includes the following steps: S1. Weigh the following raw materials by mass percentage respectively: 20% - 28% Mo, 20% - 25% Si, 1% - 5% Cu, 6% - 15% Pt, 14% - 20% Re, 15% - 20% Ir, 5% - 12% W; add an adhesive to the weighed raw materials and mix evenly to obtain an alloy powder coating. S2. Apply the alloy powder coating to the surface of a substrate (titanium alloy, 17 - 4PH alloy, nickel-based alloy, Q235, 40Ag, or 304L stainless steel) to form an alloy powder coating, and scan the alloy powder coating by laser lap welding in an inert gas atmosphere and melt it to obtain a laser alloy composite coating. During the laser melting process, Si is dissolved in the Mo element to form a [Si, Mo] substitution solid solution. Through lattice distortion and redistribution of electron clouds, the electrode potential of the alloy is changed, reducing the activity of the alloy in the corrosive medium, thereby improving the corrosion resistance; Cu forms a Mo - Cu alloy with Mo. Through surface treatment and alloying processes, the corrosion resistance of the alloy can be improved by electroplating technology, adjusting the molybdenum-copper ratio, and changing the organizational structure of the alloy; Pt forms an intermetallic compound with Mo. By controlling the preparation process of the alloy, the generation amount and distribution of the intermetallic compound are adjusted, enabling them to form a strengthening layer on the alloy surface or in the areas worn during the friction process, thereby effectively improving the wear resistance of the alloy; Re and Mo can form a solid solution alloy, which can increase the electrode potential of the alloy and reduce the anodic dissolution reaction, thereby enhancing the corrosion resistance of the alloy; W forms a Mo - W alloy with Mo. By controlling the solidification process to refine the grains of the Mo - W alloy, the wear resistance of the composite coating can be effectively improved; Cu forms a copper-silicon compound with Si, and the formation of Cu 3 Si can reduce the microdefects inside the alloy and improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy; Re forms ReSi with Si 2 , ReSi 2Its existence helps refine the grain size, change the oxidation path and rate, and improve the oxidation resistance of the alloy; W and Si form a Si-W alloy, which enhances the corrosion resistance of the alloy by changing the anodic dissolution reaction of the alloy in the corrosive medium; Mo, Si, and Cu can form a [Si, Cu, Mo] ternary solid solution, which plays a solid solution strengthening role in the matrix and can improve the strength, hardness, and oxidation resistance of the alloy; Si and Re elements form a tungsten-silicon binary alloy and a W-Re alloy with W element respectively, which can significantly improve the wear resistance of the composite coating. Since Mo, Cu, Pt, and Ir elements themselves have good corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance properties, they have a significant effect on improving the wear resistance and oxidation resistance of the composite coating surface; Cu and Si will react with O element in the air through oxidation reaction to generate Cu 2 O, SiO 2 oxide film, and Mo and O will generate a thin and dense MoO 3 film, forming a dense oxidation protection layer under high-temperature conditions. Through the reactions between the above alloy elements, the prepared composite coating can have good corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and wear resistance.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the binder is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 20% - 25% acrylate polymer, 22% - 30% modified polyether resin, 15% - 25% phenol, 20% - 30% acetone, totaling 100%. Note: Acrylate polymer: It has good wear resistance. If the content is too low, the adhesion and durability of the coating will decrease; if the content is too high, the brittleness of the coating will increase. The modified polyether resin can improve the corrosion resistance of the coating. If the content is too low, the wear resistance of the coating will be affected; if the content is too high, the hardness of the coating will decrease. Phenol: It has the function of regulating the rheology of the system and increasing the viscosity. Acetone: It has good fluidity and coating performance, enabling it to be evenly coated on the surface of the substrate to form a smooth and flat coating. Considering comprehensively, 20% - 25% acrylate polymer, 22% - 30% modified polyether resin, 15% - 25% phenol, 20% - 30% acetone, totaling 100%.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, the ultrasonic parameters are: the ultrasonic frequency is 20 kHz - 50 kHz, the amplitude is 5 μm - 20 μm, and the vibration time is the whole process of laser scanning.

[0028] Note: When the ultrasonic frequency is too low, the vibration energy will be insufficient, the cavitation effect will be weakened, the fluidity of the molten pool will be poor, and pores and impurities will be difficult to remove; when the ultrasonic frequency is too high, the energy decay will be accelerated, the vibration effect will be limited to the surface, and it will be difficult to penetrate into the molten pool. At the same time, high-frequency vibration may cause local overheating of the molten pool, destroy the uniformity of the coating, and cause microcracks. When the amplitude is too small, the vibration energy is not enough to overcome the surface tension of the molten pool, and the gas cannot be effectively removed. The coating has poor density and low bonding strength; when the amplitude is too large, violent vibration may cause molten pool splashing, uneven coating thickness, etc., destroy the coating structure of the oxide layer on the surface of the substrate, and introduce new pores. If the vibration is only applied in part of the time period, the solidification difference in different areas of the molten pool will lead to uneven stress distribution, and cracks and delamination may occur in the coating. In view of the above reasons, the ultrasonic parameters are selected as follows: ultrasonic frequency is 20kHz~50kHz, amplitude is 5μm~20μm, and vibration time is the entire laser scanning process.

[0029] As a preferred implementation, the thickness of the alloy powder coating is 0.2-1.3 mm.

[0030] Note: If the coating thickness is too small, not only will the external corrosive medium easily penetrate, causing damage such as rust on the substrate, but the coating will also be easily worn through, causing direct friction on the substrate, aggravating material wear, thus affecting performance and life. When the coating thickness is too large, first of all, it will cause excessive use of materials and unnecessary waste; secondly, during the coating process, thicker coatings are difficult to evenly cover the surface of the substrate; finally, it will cause internal stress concentration in the coating, which is easy to cause cracking, shedding and other problems, affecting the overall performance of the coating. After comprehensive consideration, the coating thickness is selected to be 0.2~1.3mm.

[0031] As a preferred implementation, the laser parameters are: laser power of 1200W~3000W, laser scanning speed of 150mm / min~350mm / min, and spot diameter of 2mm~6mm.

[0032] Note: If the laser power is too low, the material surface will not obtain enough energy to achieve the process of rapid heating and cooling quenching. If the laser power is too high, quenching cracks, deformation or melting will occur on the material surface. If the scanning rate is too low, the material will deform and crack due to excessive heat during cladding and heat treatment, and it will also reduce processing efficiency and quality and increase processing costs. If the scanning speed is too fast, the material will not be able to obtain sufficient heat, resulting in the inability to effectively melt the material. A small spot diameter can achieve high-precision and high-energy density processing. On the contrary, a large spot diameter will lead to a decrease in processing accuracy. But it can improve processing efficiency. Combined with the above reasons, the laser power is selected to be 1200~3000W, the laser scanning speed is 150~350mm / min, and the spot diameter is 2~6mm.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, the inert gas is argon, and the argon flow rate is 8 L / min to 25 L / min.

[0034] Note: When the flow rate is too small, it is difficult for the inert gas to cover the processing area during high-temperature processing; when the flow rate is too high, a long-term processing task will cause a significant increase in gas consumption. The type of inert gas selected according to the material properties is argon. Considering comprehensively, the argon flow rate is selected to be 8 - 25 L / min.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, before applying the alloy powder coating to the surface of the substrate, the impurities and oxygen layer on the surface of the substrate are cleaned. First, the polished substrate is sent into an ultrasonic cleaning machine and cleaned with 15 kHz - 30 kHz ultrasonic waves in anhydrous alcohol and acetone for 10 min - 12 min.

[0036] The composite coating prepared from Mo, Si, Cu, Pt, Re, Ir, and W powders as raw materials provided by the present invention has 0 cracks. Under high-temperature conditions, the antioxidant rate can reach 0.3 g / mm 2 •h, the wear amount can be as low as 0.8 g, and the corrosion current is as low as 3 μA / cm 2 ; It is confirmed that the alloy powder designed by the present invention is very suitable for laser additive manufacturing.

[0037] The content of the present invention will be specifically described below through the following examples and comparative examples. Example 1

[0038] A laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentages: 25% Mo, 20% Si, 3% Cu, 10% Pt, 20% Re, 15% Ir, 7% W.

[0039] The preparation method of the laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol, and 25% acetone evenly to obtain an adhesive; S2. Weigh alloy powder with mass percentages of 25% Mo, 20% Si, 3% Cu, 10% Pt, 20% Re, 15% Ir, and 7% W, and mix it evenly with the laser alloy and the adhesive according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain an alloy powder coating; S3. Send the titanium alloy substrate matrix with a polished surface into an ultrasonic generator 5 and clean it with 18 kHz ultrasonic waves in anhydrous ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 12 min; S4. After the surface of the substrate is cleaned, it is roughened by surface sandblasting with 80-mesh brown fused alumina to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate. S5. After the substrate is cleaned, the alloy powder is evenly applied to the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After application, the substrate with the coating is dried. The substrate 8 coated with the alloy powder coating is placed on the workbench 7 and firmly clamped by the fixture 10. At the same time, the substrate and the coating on its surface are preheated by a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Subsequently, the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator is pressed against the center point of the substrate, the ultrasonic generator 5 is turned on, the ultrasonic frequency is set to 30 kHz, and the amplitude is 10 μm. The substrate is vibrated by the ultrasonic vibration head 11 until the scanning is completed. Then, the fiber laser 3 is turned on to perform laser alloying operation on the area to be processed, and finally an alloyed coating is formed. Specifically: turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and deliver argon to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, the laser beam irradiates from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9, and the control system 4 is used to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, the workbench 7 is driven to move left and right along the X-axis, and the laser head 6 is manipulated to move back and forth along the Y-axis or up and down along the Z-axis, and the alloy powder coating layer 9 is subjected to laser alloying treatment by the laser beam. S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position. Example 2

[0040] A laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentages: 25% Mo, 22% Si, 2% Cu, 8% Pt, 16% Re, 20% Ir, 7% W.

[0041] A preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 15% phenol, and 30% acetone evenly to obtain an adhesive. S2. Weigh alloy powder with a mass percentage of 25% Mo, 22% Si, 2% Cu, 8% Pt, 16% Re, 20% Ir, and 7% W. Mix it evenly with laser alloy and binder according to a mass ratio of 1:0.05 to obtain alloy powder coating; S3. Feed the 17-4PH substrate matrix with a polished surface into the ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it successively in absolute ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% using 18 kHz ultrasonic waves for 12 minutes; S4. After cleaning the substrate surface, conduct surface sandblasting roughening treatment with 80-mesh brown fused alumina to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix; S5. After cleaning the substrate, evenly apply the alloy powder on the substrate surface to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After application, dry the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 with the alloy powder coating on the workbench 7 and firmly clamp it with the fixture 10. At the same time, preheat the substrate and its surface coating with a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Then, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz, and the amplitude to 10 μm. Apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11 until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and perform laser alloying operation on the area to be processed to finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: turn on the powder feeder 1 switch, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and transport argon to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and let the laser beam irradiate from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X-axis, and control the laser head 6 to move forward and backward along the Y-axis or up and down along the Z-axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam; S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position. Example 3

[0042] A laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 26% Mo, 21% Si, 5% Zn, 12% Pt, 14% Re, 16% Ir, 6% W.

[0043] The preparation method of the laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 20% acrylate polymer, 25% modified polyether resin, 25% phenol, and 30% acetone by mass percentage evenly to obtain an adhesive; S2. Weigh alloy powder with a mass percentage of: 26% Mo, 21% Si, 5% Zn, 12% Pt, 14% Re, 16% Ir, 6% W. Mix the laser alloy and the adhesive evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.06 to obtain alloy powder coating; S3. Feed the Monel400 substrate matrix with a polished surface into the ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it with 18 kHz ultrasonic waves in anhydrous ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 12 minutes in sequence; S4. After the surface of the substrate is cleaned, use 80-mesh brown fused alumina sand for surface sandblasting roughening treatment to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate; S5. After the substrate is cleaned, evenly apply the alloy powder on the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After the application is completed, dry the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 coated with the alloy powder coating on the workbench 7 and firmly clamp it with the fixture 10. At the same time, preheat the substrate and its surface coating with a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Then, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and continue the vibration until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and perform laser alloying operation on the area to be processed to finally form an alloyed coating; specifically: turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and transport argon to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and let the laser beam irradiate from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6 with the control system 4. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X-axis, and control the laser head 6 to move back and forth along the Y-axis or up and down along the Z-axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam; S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position. Example 4

[0044] A laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder is composed of raw materials in the following mass percentages: 24% Mo, 23% Si, 4% Cu, 9% Pt, 15% Re, 17% Ir, 8% W.

[0045] The preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 22% modified polyether resin, 23% phenol, and 30% acetone evenly by mass percentage to obtain an adhesive. S2. Weigh alloy powder with mass percentages of 24% Mo, 23% Si, 4% Cu, 9% Pt, 15% Re, 17% Ir, and 8% W, and mix the laser alloy and the adhesive evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.07 to obtain an alloy powder coating. S3. Feed the Q235 substrate matrix with a polished surface into an ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it with 18 kHz ultrasonic waves in anhydrous ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 12 minutes in sequence. S4. After the surface of the substrate is cleaned, use 80 - mesh brown fused alumina sand for surface sandblasting roughening treatment to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix. S5. After cleaning the substrate, evenly apply the alloy powder on the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After completion of the application, perform a drying treatment on the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 coated with the alloy powder coating on the workbench 7 and firmly clamp it with the fixture 10. At the same time, use a spray gun to preheat the substrate and its surface coating to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Subsequently, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and continue the vibration until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and perform a laser alloying operation on the area to be processed to finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and deliver argon gas to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and let the laser beam irradiate from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X-axis, and control the laser head 6 to move forward and backward along the Y-axis or up and down along the Z-axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam. S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position. Example 5

[0046] A laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder is composed of raw materials with the following mass percentages: 28% Mo, 20% Si, 1% Cu, 6% Pt, 18% Re, 18% Ir, 9% C.

[0047] The preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol, and 25% acetone evenly by mass percentage to obtain an adhesive. S2. Weigh alloy powder with mass percentages of 28% Mo, 20% Si, 1% Cu, 6% Pt, 18% Re, 18% Ir, and 9% C, and mix the laser alloy and the adhesive evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.08 to obtain an alloy powder coating. S3. Feed the 40r substrate matrix with a polished surface into the ultrasonic generator 5 and clean it in anhydrous alcohol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 12 min using ultrasonic waves at 18 kHz. S4. After cleaning the surface of the substrate, perform surface sandblasting and roughening treatment with 80-mesh brown fused alumina to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix. S5. After cleaning the substrate, evenly apply the alloy powder on the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After application, dry the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 with the alloy powder coating on the workbench 7 and firmly clamp it with the fixture 10. At the same time, preheat the substrate and its surface coating with a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Then, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and continue the vibration until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and perform laser alloying operation on the area to be processed to finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and deliver argon to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and let the laser beam irradiate from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X-axis, and control the laser head 6 to move back and forth along the Y-axis or up and down along the Z-axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam. S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position. Example 6

[0048] A laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 28% Mo, 20% Si, 2% Cu, 10% Pt, 14% Re, 16% Ir, 10% W.

[0049] The preparation method of the laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 30% acrylate polymer, 25% modified polyether resin, 15% phenol, and 30% acetone by mass percentage evenly to obtain an adhesive; S2. Weigh alloy powder with mass percentages of 28% Mo, 20% Si, 2% Cu, 10% Pt, 14% Re, 16% Ir, and 10% W. Mix the laser alloy and the adhesive evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain an alloy powder coating; S3. Feed the 304L stainless steel substrate matrix with a polished surface into the ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it successively in absolute ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% using 18 kHz ultrasonic waves for 12 minutes; S4. After cleaning the substrate surface, conduct surface sandblasting roughening treatment with 80 - mesh brown fused alumina to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix; S5. After cleaning the substrate, evenly apply the alloy powder on the substrate surface to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After application, dry the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 with the coated alloy powder on the workbench 7 and firmly clamp it with the fixture 10. At the same time, pre - heat the substrate and its surface coating with a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Then, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11 until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and perform laser alloying operation on the area to be treated to finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: Turn on the powder feeder 1 switch, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and deliver argon to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it onto the surface of the substrate 8; Turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and let the laser beam irradiate from the laser head 6 onto the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X - axis, control the laser head 6 to move back and forth along the Y - axis or up and down along the Z - axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam; S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position. Example 7

[0050] A laser alloy based on MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, which is composed of raw materials with the following mass percentages: 21% Mo, 23% Si, 3% Cu, 14% Pt, 14% Re, 16% Ir, 9% W.

[0051] The preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 28% modified polyether resin, 22% phenol, and 25% acetone by mass percentage evenly to obtain an adhesive. S2. Weigh alloy powder with the following mass percentages: 21% Mo, 23% Si, 3% Cu, 14% Pt, 14% Re, 16% Ir, 9% W. Mix the laser alloy and the adhesive evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.05 to obtain an alloy powder coating. S3. Feed a 40Ag substrate matrix with a polished surface into an ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it with 18 kHz ultrasonic waves in anhydrous alcohol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 12 minutes in sequence. S4. After the surface of the substrate is cleaned, use 80 - mesh brown fused alumina sand for surface sandblasting roughening treatment to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate. S5. After the substrate is cleaned, evenly apply the alloy powder on the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After application, dry the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 with the alloy powder coating on a workbench 7, firmly clamp it with a fixture 10, and at the same time, preheat the substrate and its surface coating with a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Then, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11 until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 to perform laser alloying operation on the area to be processed, and finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: turn on the feeder 1 switch, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and transport argon to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2400 W, the laser scanning speed to 260 mm / min, the spot diameter to 5 mm, and the laser beam irradiates from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X - axis, control the laser head 6 to move back and forth along the Y - axis or up and down along the Z - axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position.

[0052] To further illustrate the effects of the present invention, the present invention also sets a comparative example as follows: Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the Ir element is removed, and the laser alloy is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 25% Mo, 24% Si, 5% Cu, 14% Pt, 20% Re, 10% W.

[0053] A laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 25% Mo, 24% Si, 5% Cu, 14% Pt, 20% Re, 10% W.

[0054] The preparation method of the laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol and 25% acetone by mass percentage evenly to obtain an adhesive; S2. Weigh alloy powder with a mass percentage of 25% Mo, 24% Si, 5% Cu, 14% Pt, 20% Re, 10% W, and mix the laser alloy and the adhesive evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain an alloy powder coating; S3. Feed the titanium alloy substrate matrix with a polished surface into the ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it with 18 kHz ultrasonic waves in anhydrous ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 12 minutes in sequence; S4. After the surface of the substrate is cleaned, use 80 - mesh brown fused alumina sand for surface sandblasting roughening treatment to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix; S5. After cleaning the substrate, the alloy powder is evenly applied to the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After the application, the substrate with the coating is dried. The substrate 8 coated with the alloy powder coating is placed on the workbench 7 and firmly clamped by the fixture 10. At the same time, the substrate and the coating on its surface are preheated by using a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Subsequently, the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator is pressed against the center point of the substrate, the ultrasonic generator 5 is turned on, the ultrasonic frequency is set to 30 kHz, and the amplitude is 10 μm. The ultrasonic vibration head 11 applies vibration to the substrate, and the vibration continues until the scanning is completed. Then, the fiber laser 3 is turned on to perform laser alloying operation on the area to be processed, and finally an alloyed coating is formed. Specifically: turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and deliver argon gas to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and the laser beam irradiates from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. The control system 4 is used to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, the workbench 7 is driven to move left and right along the X-axis, and the laser head 6 is manipulated to move forward and backward along the Y-axis or up and down along the Z-axis, and the alloy powder coating layer 9 is subjected to laser alloying treatment by using the laser beam; S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position.

[0055] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the W element is removed, and the laser alloy is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentages: 25% Mo, 20% Si, 3% Cu, 14% Pt, 18% Re, 20% Ir.

[0056] A laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, and the laser alloy is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentages: 25% Mo, 20% Si, 3% Cu, 14% Pt, 18% Re, 20% Ir.

[0057] The preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol, and 25% acetone in mass percentages evenly to obtain an adhesive; S2. Weigh alloy powder with a mass percentage of 25% Mo, 20% Si, 3% Cu, 14% Pt, 18% Re, and 20% Ir. Mix it evenly with laser alloy and binder according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain alloy powder coating; S3. Feed the titanium alloy substrate matrix with a polished surface into the ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it successively in absolute ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% using 18 kHz ultrasonic waves for 12 minutes; S4. After the substrate surface is cleaned, use 80 - mesh brown fused alumina sand for surface sandblasting roughening treatment to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix; S5. After the substrate is cleaned, evenly apply the alloy powder on the substrate surface to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After application, dry the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 with the alloy powder coating on the workbench 7 and firmly clamp it with the fixture 10. At the same time, pre - heat the substrate and its surface coating with a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Then, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and the vibration continues until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and carry out laser alloying operation on the area to be processed to finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: Turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and deliver argon to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it onto the surface of the substrate 8; Turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and the laser beam irradiates from the laser head 6 onto the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X - axis, and control the laser head 6 to move back and forth along the Y - axis or up and down along the Z - axis, and carry out laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam; S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position.

[0058] Comparative Example 3 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the Si element is removed, and the laser alloy is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 28% Mo, 5% Cu, 15% Pt, 20% Re, 20% Ir, 12% W.

[0059] A laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, the laser alloy being composed of raw materials in the following mass percentages: 28% Mo, 5% Cu, 15% Pt, 20% Re, 20% Ir, 12% W.

[0060] A preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol, and 25% acetone evenly by mass percentage to obtain an adhesive. S2. Weigh alloy powder with mass percentages of 28% Mo, 5% Cu, 15% Pt, 20% Re, 20% Ir, and 12% W, and mix the laser alloy and the adhesive evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain an alloy powder coating. S3. Feed a titanium alloy substrate matrix with a polished surface into an ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it with 18 kHz ultrasonic waves in anhydrous ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 10 minutes in sequence. S4. After the surface of the substrate is cleaned, use 80-mesh brown fused alumina sand for surface sandblasting roughening treatment to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix. S5. After the cleaning of the substrate is completed, evenly apply the alloy powder on the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After the application is completed, dry the substrate with the coating, place the substrate 8 coated with the alloy powder coating on a workbench 7, firmly clamp it with a fixture 10, and at the same time preheat the substrate and its surface coating with a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Subsequently, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and continue the vibration until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and perform laser alloying operation on the area to be processed to finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and transport argon to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, irradiate the laser beam from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9, control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6 with the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X-axis through the control system 4, control the laser head 6 to move back and forth along the Y-axis or up and down along the Z-axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position.

[0061] Comparative Example 4 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the Pt element is removed, and the laser alloy is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 28% Mo, 22% Si, 5% Cu, 20% Re, 18% Ir, 12% W.

[0062] A laser alloying layer of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, and the laser alloy is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 28% Mo, 22% Si, 5% Cu, 20% Re, 18% Ir, 12% W.

[0063] A preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol, and 25% acetone by mass percentage evenly to obtain an adhesive; S2. Weigh alloy powder with a mass percentage of: 28% Mo, 22% Si, 5% Cu, 20% Re, 18% Ir, 12% W, and mix the laser alloy and the adhesive evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain an alloy powder coating; S3. Feed the titanium alloy substrate matrix with a polished surface into the ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it with 18 kHz ultrasonic waves in anhydrous ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 12 minutes in sequence; S4. After the surface of the substrate is cleaned, perform surface sandblasting and roughening treatment with 80-mesh brown fused alumina to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix; S5. After cleaning the substrate, evenly apply the alloy powder on the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After completion of the application, perform a drying treatment on the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 coated with the alloy powder coating on the workbench 7 and firmly clamp it with the fixture 10. At the same time, use a spray gun to preheat the substrate and the coating on its surface to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Subsequently, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and continue the vibration until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and perform laser alloying operation on the area to be processed to finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, deliver argon gas to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and let the laser beam irradiate from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X-axis, and control the laser head 6 to move back and forth along the Y-axis or up and down along the Z-axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam. S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position.

[0064] Comparative Example 5 Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in increasing the dosage of element W. The laser alloy is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 22% Mo, 20% Si, 1% Cu, 10% Pt, 14% Re, 15% Ir, 18% W.

[0065] A laser alloyed layer of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, and the coating is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 22% Mo, 20% Si, 1% Cu, 10% Pt, 14% Re, 15% Ir, 18% W.

[0066] The preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol, and 25% acetone by mass percentage evenly to obtain an adhesive. S2. Weigh alloy powder with a mass percentage of 22% Mo, 20% Si, 1% Cu, 10% Pt, 14% Re, 15% Ir, and 18% W. Mix the laser alloy and the binder evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain an alloy powder coating; S3. Feed the titanium alloy substrate matrix with a polished surface into the ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it in anhydrous ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 12 minutes using 18 kHz ultrasonic waves; S4. After the substrate surface is cleaned, use 80 - mesh brown fused alumina sand for surface sandblasting roughening treatment to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix; S5. After the substrate is cleaned, evenly apply the alloy powder on the substrate surface to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After application, dry the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 with the alloy powder coating on the workbench 7 and firmly clamp it with the fixture 10. At the same time, preheat the substrate and its surface coating with a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Then, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and continue the vibration until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 to perform laser alloying operation on the area to be treated, and finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: turn on the feeder 1 switch, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and deliver argon to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and let the laser beam irradiate from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X - axis, and control the laser head 6 to move back and forth along the Y - axis or up and down along the Z - axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam; S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position.

[0067] Comparative Example 6 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the amount of Re element is increased. The laser alloy is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 20% Mo, 20% Si, 1% Cu, 8% Pt, 30% Re, 15% Ir, 6% W.

[0068] A laser alloying layer of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, the coating is composed of raw materials in the following mass percentages: 20% Mo, 20% Si, 1% Cu, 8% Pt, 30% Re, 15% Ir, 6% W.

[0069] The preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol and 25% acetone evenly by mass percentage to obtain an adhesive. S2. Weigh alloy powder with mass percentages of 20% Mo, 20% Si, 1% Cu, 8% Pt, 30% Re, 15% Ir, 6% W, and mix the laser alloy and the adhesive evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain alloy powder coating. S3. Feed the titanium alloy substrate matrix with a polished surface into an ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it with 18 kHz ultrasonic waves in anhydrous ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 12 minutes in sequence. S4. After the surface of the substrate is cleaned, use 80 - mesh brown fused alumina sand for surface sandblasting roughening treatment to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix. S5. After cleaning the substrate, evenly apply the alloy powder on the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After the application, dry the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 with the alloy powder coating on the workbench 7 and firmly clamp it with the fixture 10. At the same time, preheat the substrate and its surface coating with a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Then, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and continue the vibration until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and perform laser alloying operation on the area to be processed to finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and transport argon gas to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and let the laser beam irradiate from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X-axis, and control the laser head 6 to move back and forth along the Y-axis or up and down along the Z-axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam. S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position.

[0070] Comparative Example 7 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the amount of Si element is increased. The laser alloy is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 20% Mo, 30% Si, 1% Cu, 10% Pt, 16% Re, 18% Ir, 5% W.

[0071] A laser alloyed layer of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, and the coating is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 20% Mo, 30% Si, 1% Cu, 10% Pt, 16% Re, 18% Ir, 5% W.

[0072] The preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol, and 25% acetone evenly by mass percentage to obtain an adhesive. S2. Weigh alloy powder with a mass percentage of 20% Mo, 30% Si, 1% Cu, 10% Pt, 16% Re, 18% Ir, and 5% W. Mix the laser alloy and the binder evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain alloy powder coating; S3. Feed the titanium alloy substrate matrix with a polished surface into the ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it successively in absolute ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% using 18 kHz ultrasonic waves for 12 minutes; S4. After the substrate surface is cleaned, use 80 - mesh brown fused alumina sand for surface sandblasting roughening treatment to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix; S5. After cleaning the substrate, evenly apply the alloy powder on the substrate surface to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After application, dry the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 with the alloy powder coating on the workbench 7, firmly clamp it with the fixture 10, and at the same time, pre - heat the substrate and its surface coating with a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Then, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and continue the vibration until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and perform laser alloying operation on the area to be processed to finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, transport argon to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it onto the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, the laser beam irradiates from the laser head 6 onto the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9, use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X - axis through the control system 4, control the laser head 6 to move back and forth along the Y - axis or up and down along the Z - axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam; S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position.

[0073] Comparative Example 8 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the amount of Mo element is increased while the amount of Si element is decreased. The laser alloy consists of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 35% Mo, 20% Si, 2% Cu, 8% Pt, 14% Re, 15% Ir, 6% W.

[0074] A laser alloying layer of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, and the coating is composed of raw materials in the following mass percentages: 35% Mo, 20% Si, 2% Cu, 8% Pt, 14% Re, 15% Ir, 6% W.

[0075] A preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol, and 25% acetone evenly by mass percentage to obtain an adhesive. S2. Weigh alloy powder with mass percentages of 35% Mo, 20% Si, 2% Cu, 8% Pt, 14% Re, 15% Ir, and 6% W, and mix the laser alloy and the adhesive evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain an alloy powder coating. S3. Feed the titanium alloy substrate matrix with a polished surface into an ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it with 18 kHz ultrasonic waves in anhydrous ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 12 minutes in sequence. S4. After the surface of the substrate is cleaned, use 80 - mesh brown fused alumina sand for surface sandblasting roughening treatment to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix. S5. After cleaning the substrate, evenly apply the alloy powder on the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After completion of the application, perform a drying treatment on the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 coated with the alloy powder coating on the workbench 7 and firmly clamp it with the fixture 10. At the same time, preheat the substrate and its surface coating using a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Subsequently, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and continue the vibration until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and perform a laser alloying operation on the area to be processed to finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: Turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and deliver argon gas to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it onto the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and let the laser beam irradiate from the laser head 6 onto the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X-axis, and control the laser head 6 to move back and forth along the Y-axis or up and down along the Z-axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 using the laser beam; S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position.

[0076] Comparative Example 9 Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in increasing the dosage of Re element and simultaneously reducing the dosage of Cu element. The laser alloy is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 24% Mo, 20% Si, 1% Cu, 6% Pt, 25% Re, 16% Ir, 8% W.

[0077] A laser alloyed layer of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, and the coating is composed of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 24% Mo, 20% Si, 1% Cu, 6% Pt, 25% Re, 16% Ir, 8% W.

[0078] The preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol, and 25% acetone evenly by mass percentage to obtain an adhesive; S2. Weigh alloy powder with a mass percentage of 24% Mo, 20% Si, 1% Cu, 6% Pt, 25% Re, 16% Ir, and 8% W. Mix the laser alloy and the binder evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain alloy powder coating; S3. Feed the titanium alloy substrate matrix with a polished surface into the ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it successively in absolute ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% using 18 kHz ultrasonic waves for 12 minutes; S4. After cleaning the substrate surface, perform surface sandblasting roughening treatment with 80 - mesh brown fused alumina to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix; S5. After cleaning the substrate, evenly apply the alloy powder on the substrate surface to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After application, dry the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 with the coated alloy powder on the workbench 7 and firmly clamp it with the fixture 10. At the same time, preheat the substrate and its surface coating with a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Then, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz, the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and continue the vibration until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and perform laser alloying operation on the area to be treated to finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: Turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and transport argon to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; Turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and let the laser beam irradiate from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X - axis, and control the laser head 6 to move back and forth along the Y - axis or up and down along the Z - axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam; S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position.

[0079] Comparative Example 10 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the amount of W element is increased while the amount of Ir element is decreased. The laser alloy consists of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 25% Mo, 20% Si, 3% Cu, 10% Pt, 18% Re, 6% Ir, and 18% W.

[0080] A laser alloying layer of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, and the coating is composed of raw materials in the following mass percentages: 25% Mo, 20% Si, 3% Cu, 10% Pt, 18% Re, 6% Ir, 18% W.

[0081] A preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol and 25% acetone by mass percentage evenly to obtain an adhesive. S2. Weigh alloy powder with mass percentages of 25% Mo, 20% Si, 3% Cu, 10% Pt, 18% Re, 6% Ir, 18% W, and mix the laser alloy and the adhesive evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain an alloy powder coating. S3. Feed the titanium alloy substrate matrix with a polished surface into an ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it with 18 kHz ultrasonic waves in absolute ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 12 minutes in sequence. S4. After the surface of the substrate is cleaned, use 80 - mesh brown fused alumina sand for surface sandblasting roughening treatment to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix. S5. After cleaning the substrate, the alloy powder is evenly applied to the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After the application, the substrate with the coating is dried. The substrate 8 coated with the alloy powder coating is placed on the workbench 7 and firmly clamped by the fixture 10. At the same time, the substrate and the coating on its surface are preheated by using a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Subsequently, the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator is pressed against the center point of the substrate, the ultrasonic generator 5 is turned on, the ultrasonic frequency is set to 30 kHz, and the amplitude is 10 μm. Vibration is applied to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and the vibration continues until the scanning is completed. Then, the fiber laser 3 is turned on to perform laser alloying operation on the area to be processed, and finally an alloyed coating is formed. Specifically: turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and deliver argon gas to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, the laser beam irradiates from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9, and the control system 4 is used to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, the workbench 7 is driven to move left and right along the X-axis, and the laser head 6 is manipulated to move back and forth along the Y-axis or up and down along the Z-axis, and the alloy powder coating layer 9 is subjected to laser alloying treatment by using the laser beam; S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position.

[0082] Comparative Example 11 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the amount of Re element is increased while the amount of Mo element is decreased. The laser alloy is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentages: 18% Mo, 20% Si, 3% Cu, 8% Pt, 30% Re, 15% Ir, 6% W.

[0083] A laser alloyed layer of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, and the coating is composed of the following raw materials in mass percentages: 18% Mo, 20% Si, 3% Cu, 8% Pt, 30% Re, 15% Ir, 6% W.

[0084] The preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol and 25% acetone evenly by mass percentage to obtain an adhesive; S2. Weigh alloy powder with a mass percentage of 18% Mo, 20% Si, 3% Cu, 8% Pt, 30% Re, 15% Ir, and 6% W. Mix the laser alloy and the binder evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain an alloy powder coating; S3. Feed the titanium alloy substrate matrix with a polished surface into the ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it successively in absolute ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 12 minutes using 18 kHz ultrasonic waves; S4. After the substrate surface is cleaned, use 80 - mesh brown fused alumina sand for surface sandblasting roughening treatment to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix; S5. After cleaning the substrate, evenly apply the alloy powder on the substrate surface to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After application, dry the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 with the alloy powder coating on the workbench 7 and firmly clamp it with the fixture 10. At the same time, pre - heat the substrate and its surface coating with a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Then, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and continue the vibration until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and perform laser alloying operation on the area to be processed to finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: Turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, and deliver argon to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it to the surface of the substrate 8; Turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and let the laser beam irradiate from the laser head 6 to the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X - axis, and control the laser head 6 to move back and forth along the Y - axis or up and down along the Z - axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 with the laser beam; S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position.

[0085] Comparative Example 12 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the amount of Ir element is increased, while the amounts of Si and Pt elements are decreased. The laser alloy consists of the following raw materials by mass percentage: 25% Mo, 15% Si, 3% Cu, 2% Pt, 18% Re, 30% Ir, and 7% W.

[0086] A laser alloying layer of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, the coating is composed of raw materials in the following mass percentages: 25% Mo, 15% Si, 3% Cu, 2% Pt, 18% Re, 30% Ir, 7% W.

[0087] The preparation method of a laser alloy composite coating manufactured by laser melting from the above laser alloy includes the following steps: S1. Mix 25% acrylate polymer, 30% modified polyether resin, 20% phenol and 25% acetone evenly by mass percentage to obtain an adhesive; S2. Weigh alloy powder with mass percentages of 25% Mo, 15% Si, 3% Cu, 2% Pt, 18% Re, 30% Ir, 7% W, and mix the laser alloy and the adhesive evenly according to a mass ratio of 1:0.04 to obtain an alloy powder coating; S3. Feed the titanium alloy substrate matrix with a polished surface into an ultrasonic generator 5, and clean it with 18 kHz ultrasonic waves in absolute ethanol and acetone with a purity of 98.5% for 12 min in sequence; S4. After the surface of the substrate is cleaned, use 80-mesh brown fused alumina sand for surface sandblasting roughening treatment to improve the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix; S5. After cleaning the substrate, evenly apply the alloy powder on the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating layer 9 with a thickness of 0.8 mm. After completion of the application, perform a drying treatment on the substrate with the coating. Place the substrate 8 coated with the alloy powder coating on the workbench 7 and firmly clamp it with the fixture 10. At the same time, preheat the substrate and its surface coating using a spray gun to effectively reduce the internal stress generated during the subsequent laser alloying operation. Subsequently, place the ultrasonic vibration head 11 connected to the ultrasonic generator on the center point of the substrate, turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, set the ultrasonic frequency to 30 kHz and the amplitude to 10 μm, apply vibration to the substrate through the ultrasonic vibration head 11, and continue the vibration until the scanning is completed. Then, turn on the fiber laser 3 and perform a laser alloying operation on the area to be processed to finally form an alloyed coating. Specifically: turn on the switch of the powder feeder 1, open the valve of the argon gas cylinder 2, transport argon gas to the laser head 6 at a stable flow rate of 18 L / min and evenly blow it onto the surface of the substrate 8; turn on the ultrasonic generator 5, connect the ultrasonic vibration head 11 to the ultrasonic generator, turn on the fiber laser 3, adjust the laser power to 2800 W, the laser scanning speed to 200 mm / min, the spot diameter to 4 mm, and let the laser beam irradiate from the laser head 6 onto the surface of the alloy powder coating layer 9. Use the control system 4 to control the workbench 7 and the laser head 6. Through the control system 4, drive the workbench 7 to move left and right along the X-axis, and control the laser head 6 to move forward and backward along the Y-axis or up and down along the Z-axis, and perform laser alloying treatment on the alloy powder coating layer 9 using the laser beam; S6. After the laser beam finishes scanning the alloy powder coating layer 9, turn off the fiber laser 3, turn off the ultrasonic generator 5, turn off the powder feeder 1, turn off the argon gas cylinder 2, and the control system 4 controls the workbench 7 to drive the laser head 6 back to the original position.

[0088] The properties of the laser alloy composite coatings of the MoSiCuPtReIrW powders provided in the above Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-12 were respectively detected, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0089] Table 1 Performance Detection Table of the Laser Alloy Composite Coatings of the Examples of the Present Invention

[0090] As can be seen from Table 1, the laser alloyed surface of the MoSiCuPtReIrW powder prepared by the present invention has excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and wear resistance. By introducing ultrasonic vibration, the porosity inside the coating in Example 1 is reduced to less than 0.5%, the grain size is refined to within 5 μm, and the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate is increased to 150 Mpa, which is about 30% higher than that of the control group without using ultrasound. No cracks were generated in the alloyed layers of Examples 1-7 of the present invention, and the corrosion current was as low as 3 μA / cm 2, at high temperature, the wear amount is as low as 0.8 g, and the oxidation rate is 0.3 g / mm 2 •h. After adjusting the components and mass percentages of the laser alloying powder in Comparative Examples 1-12 respectively, one element is missing in Comparative Examples 1-4, the proportion of one element is increased or decreased in Comparative Examples 5-11, the Ir element is increased in Comparative Example 12, and the Si and Re elements are decreased at the same time. The properties of the obtained laser alloying layer do not meet the expectations. Specifically, there are many cracks on the alloy surface, and the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance decrease.

[0091] The poor performance of the laser alloy composite coatings obtained in the above Comparative Examples 1-12 is mainly due to: In Comparative Example 1, since the Ir element itself can form a dense oxide film at high temperature to protect the alloy from being eroded, the absence of the Ir element will lead to a decrease in the oxidation resistance of the alloy in a high-temperature environment. The lack of the Ir element will increase the ratio of other elements, thus breaking the reaction between elements and leading to a decrease in the alloy properties.

[0092] In Comparative Example 2, since W has good chemical stability and is not easy to react with other substances chemically, it can improve the corrosion and wear resistance of the alloy. Therefore, the absence of the W element will lead to a decrease in the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating alloy.

[0093] In Comparative Example 3, since the Si element is chemically active at high temperature and reacts with oxygen to form a dense silicon dioxide film, which can prevent the internal silicon from further contacting with oxygen, thus improving the oxidation resistance of the alloy. The lack of the Si element will cause a decrease in the oxidation resistance of the coating alloy, which is not conducive to the improvement of the alloy properties.

[0094] In Comparative Example 4, since Pt has extremely high corrosion resistance and does not react with strong acids and bases at room temperature, and does not react with sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and aqua regia even at high temperature. The lack of the Pt element will cause a decrease in the corrosion resistance, which is not conducive to the improvement of the alloy properties.

[0095] In Comparative Example 5, the proportion of W is increased: increasing the amount of W will form hard and brittle intermetallic compounds in the alloy, which are likely to become crack sources when stressed. Under the action of external force, the cracks are easy to expand, thus leading to a decrease in the toughness of the alloy.

[0096] In Comparative Example 6, the proportion of Re is increased: in a high-temperature environment, an oxide film will form on the alloy surface to protect the matrix, but too much Re will change the composition and structure of the oxide film, making it loose and reducing the protection of the oxide film on the matrix, thus accelerating the oxidation corrosion of the alloy and reducing the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy.

[0097] In Comparative Example 7, when the proportion of Si increases: it will change the proportion of other elements, resulting in uneven microstructure of the alloy, disrupting the reaction between elements, hindering the improvement of alloy properties, and reducing the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the alloy layer.

[0098] In Comparative Example 8, when Mo element is increased and Si element is decreased: Since Si is dissolved in Mo element to form a [Si, Mo] substitutional solid solution, reducing the Si element will result in a decrease in the formed solid solution. With the increase in the proportion of Mo element, Mo will react with O element in the air to form Mo 2 O 3 at 520 °C, and will form MoO 3 above 600 °C, and will form MoO 2 at 700 - 800 °C. Additionally, under the condition of 500 - 800 °C, MoO 2 will further react with oxygen to form MoO 3 , generating various impurities and hindering the improvement of performance.

[0099] In Comparative Example 9, when Re element is increased and Cu element is decreased: Although Re can improve the strength and hardness of the alloy, excessive Re will lead to too low toughness of the alloy, making it brittle and hard; Cu has a high thermal conductivity and plays a good role in heat dissipation in the alloy. The reduction of Cu element will cause difficulty in heat dissipation during use, and heat is likely to accumulate, thereby affecting the performance and stability of the alloy.

[0100] In Comparative Example 10, when W element is increased and Ir element is decreased: Ir has excellent corrosion resistance. The reduction of Ir element will reduce the corrosion resistance of the alloy, making the alloy more easily corroded; at the same time, Ir has good stability and oxidation resistance at high temperatures. The reduction of Ir will weaken the oxidation resistance of the alloy at high temperatures, while too much W element will lead to the formation of an unstable phase structure of the alloy at high temperatures, reducing the high-temperature performance of the alloy.

[0101] In Comparative Example 11, when Re element is increased and Mo element is decreased: Re, W and Mo can form a [Mo, W, Re] ternary solid solution. When the proportion of Re increases and the proportion of Mo decreases, the content of the solid solution will decrease; at the same time, Mo will form a thin and dense MoO 3 film through an oxidation reaction with O element in the air, which will reduce the toughness of the alloy surface and is not conducive to the improvement of toughness.

[0102] In Comparative Example 12, when Ir element is increased and Si and Pt elements are decreased: Si element forms a stable SiO 2For the protective film, the reduction of Si will lead to a decline in antioxidant capacity; at the same time, the reduction of Pt element will make the corrosion resistance of the alloy poor in a corrosive environment, increasing the risk of the alloy being corroded; while Ir has the properties of high hardness and poor toughness, increasing the content of Ir element will reduce the overall toughness of the alloy, resulting in an increase in cracks in the alloy layer and a reduction in performance.

[0103] Obviously, without departing from the core essence and applicable scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various adjustments and changes to it. Therefore, as long as these adjustments and changes made to the present invention are within the scope covered by the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies, the present invention also aims to incorporate these contents.

Claims

1. Laser alloy of MoSiCuPtReIrW powder, characterized in that: It is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20%~28% Mo, 20%~25% Si, 1%~5% Cu, 6%~15% Pt, 14%~20% Re, 15%~20% Ir, 5%~12% W, totaling 100%.

2. A laser alloy composite coating, characterized in that: The laser alloy and the adhesive according to claim 1 are manufactured by laser melting, and the mass ratio of the laser alloy and the adhesive is 1:0.03-0.

08.

3. A method for preparing a laser alloy composite coating as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Weigh the following raw materials in mass percentage respectively: 20%~28% Mo, 20%~25% Si, 1%~5% Cu, 6%~15% Pt, 14%~20% Re, 15%~20% Ir, 5%~12% W; add a binder to the weighed raw materials, mix well, and obtain an alloy powder coating; S2, applying the alloy powder coating prepared in S1 to the surface of the substrate to form an alloy powder coating, and using an inert gas to overlap and scan the alloy powder coating with a laser to melt it to obtain a laser alloy composite coating.

4. The method for preparing the laser alloy composite coating according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step S2, during the laser scanning process, ultrasonic vibration is applied by an ultrasonic vibration head, the ultrasonic frequency is 20kHz-50kHz, the amplitude is 5μm-20μm, and the vibration time is the entire laser scanning process.

5. The method for preparing the laser alloy composite coating according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adhesive is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20% to 25% of acrylate polymer, 22% to 30% of modified polyether resin, 15% to 25% of phenol, and 20% to 30% of acetone, which totals 100%.

6. The method for preparing the laser alloy composite coating according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the alloy powder coating is 0.2-1.3 mm.

7. The method for preparing the laser alloy composite coating according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser parameters are: laser power of 1200W~3000W, laser scanning speed of 150mm / min~350mm / min, and spot diameter of 2mm~6mm.

8. The method for preparing the laser alloy composite coating according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inert gas is argon, and the argon flow rate is 8L / min~25L / min.

9. The method for preparing the laser alloy composite coating according to claim 3, characterized in that: The substrate is one of titanium alloy, precipitation hardening stainless steel, Q235, 40Cr, nickel-based alloy, and 304L stainless steel.

10. The method for preparing the laser alloy composite coating according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, before the alloy powder coating is applied to the surface of the substrate, the polished substrate is sent to an ultrasonic cleaning machine and cleaned in anhydrous ethanol and acetone using 15kHz to 30kHz ultrasonic waves for 10min to 12min.

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