Clamping device for turning large bar

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of turning equipment, and provides a clamping device for turning a large bar, the clamping device comprises a main shaft, a tip and a lathe body, two fork-shaped devices distributed in a front-back staggered manner are arranged on two sides of the lathe body, the fork-shaped devices are arranged close to the direction of the tip and obliquely face the large bar from bottom to top, and each fork-shaped device comprises two fork arms distributed in a V shape; the two fork arms of the same fork-shaped device are obliquely connected to the tail end of the large bar in a forked mode from the side face of the lathe body and provide a feeding space for the tool rest, the two fork-shaped devices and the large bar are connected in a forked mode to form six V-shaped supporting pairs, and the tail end of each fork-shaped device is provided with a control component used for controlling the fork-shaped device to advance and retreat. The main shaft and the tip are used for clamping the large bar, six V-shaped supporting pairs are formed through the two forked devices to support a large bar workpiece, the design is reasonable, the clamping stability is good, sufficient feeding and feeding and retracting space is reserved for a sliding plate and a cutter of a lathe, the large bar can be fully machined, and the large bar clamping device is suitable for large-scale popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of turning equipment, and in particular relates to a clamping device for turning large bars. Background Art

[0002] In the machining workshop, there are many products that use bars as the main blanks, such as drive shafts, rod parts, bolts and gear parts in shaft parts. For some large-diameter parts such as crane flanges, large-diameter large bars are used as blanks. If large bars are turned, special processing lathes are required to process them.

[0003] At present, for lathes that process large bars, the design of spindle + tailstock center is mostly used to clamp them, and the specifications of the spindle and center are larger than those used in general lathes to ensure the stability of the large bars during the turning process, but generally other clamping devices are needed to fully ensure the stability and coaxiality of the bars. The existing patent CN202021807064.X discloses a clamping device for turning large magnesium alloy bars, including a platform, a steering mechanism, a first slide sleeve, a spring, a first slide rod, a clamping rod, a clamping groove and a handle. The clamping device for turning large magnesium alloy bars enables the handle to drive the clamping rod and the clamping groove to cancel the clamping after one end of the large magnesium alloy bar placed inside the second cylinder is cut, so that the vertical rod drives the first cylinder and the second cylinder to rotate 180 degrees, and the clamping rod and the clamping groove are clamped to complete the rotation of the large magnesium alloy bar, without the need for a pin, double-sided clamping, and can drive the large magnesium alloy bar to rotate stably. However, such a clamping device causes a long portion of the middle part of the workpiece to be unable to be processed, especially the tool holder cannot perform tool feeding and advance and retract operations near it, which affects the processing efficiency of the lathe. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned lathe clamping device, the present invention proposes a clamping device for turning large bars, which has a reasonable design, a plurality of clamping angles, good clamping stability and is conducive to fully processing large bars.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that the present invention provides a clamping device for turning large bars, including a spindle and a center, both of which are arranged above the lathe body, the spindle is used to clamp one end of the large bar, and the center is used to center the other end of the large bar. Two fork-shaped devices are arranged on both sides of the lathe body, which are staggered front and back. The fork-shaped devices are arranged close to the direction of the center and are inclined from bottom to top toward the large bar. The fork-shaped device includes two fork arms distributed in a V-shape. The two fork arms of the same fork-shaped device are inclined and forked from the side of the lathe body to the tail end of the large bar and make room for the tool holder to move the tool. The two forks are forked with the large bar to form 6 pairs of V-shaped support pairs, and the tail end of the fork-shaped device is provided with a control component for controlling its advance and retreat.

[0006] Preferably, the fork-type device includes a main board having a V-shape in plane projection, the fork arms are arranged at both ends of the main board, two anti-torsion guide rods distributed near the roots of the two fork arms are arranged on the back of the main board, and a telescopic shaft is also arranged on the back of the main board, and the telescopic shaft is transmission-connected to the control component.

[0007] Preferably, the fork arm is a trapezoidal structure and its two waist sides smoothly transition to the two sides of the main board end.

[0008] Preferably, the fork arm is provided with a cylindrical groove on an edge thereof facing the large bar, and a supporting roller engaged with the rotating shaft thereof is provided in the cylindrical groove.

[0009] Preferably, the control component includes a transmission box, one side of the transmission box is provided with an inclined surface opposite to the fork-type device, the inclined surface is provided with a structural hole that cooperates with the anti-torsion guide rod and the telescopic shaft, the interior of the transmission box is provided with a rotating support assembly connected to the inclined surface, the center of the rotating support assembly is provided with a threaded sleeve, the threaded sleeve is rotatably matched with the telescopic shaft, the outer side of the threaded sleeve is provided with a gear group transmission-connected thereto, and the power input end of the gear group is provided with a driving motor.

[0010] Preferably, the gear set includes a large bevel gear, a small bevel gear meshing with the large bevel gear is provided on the transmission side of the large bevel gear, the axial end face of the small bevel gear is distributed on the side of the transmission box toward the lathe body, a second driven spur gear coaxially transmitted with the small bevel gear is provided between the small bevel gear and the transmission box, a transition gear shaft is provided on the transmission side of the second driven spur gear, a first driven spur gear is provided on the transition gear shaft, an input gear is provided on the transmission side of the first driven spur gear, and the input gear is transmission-connected to the drive motor.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating support assembly includes two half-axle covers that are butt-matched, the half-axle covers are connected to the transmission box by bolts, and a rotating support plate connected to the transmission box is provided on the inner side of the half-axle cover, and the rotating support plate, the half-axle cover and the end of the threaded sleeve are nested.

[0012] Preferably, the threaded sleeve includes a sleeve body, one end of which is arranged between the rotating support plate and the half-axle cover, the side of the sleeve body is provided with an annular groove for installing the gear set, and the inner wall of the sleeve body is provided with a threaded pair that cooperates with the telescopic shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission box is provided with a side cover plate on the side away from the lathe body, and the side cover plate is provided with a guide cylinder opposite to the telescopic shaft, one end of the guide cylinder is an open end and cooperates with the threaded sleeve support, and the other end of the guide cylinder is a blocked end and is located on the outside of the side cover plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0015] The present invention provides a clamping device for turning large bars. Under the clamping of a main shaft and a center, six pairs of V-shaped support pairs are formed by two fork-shaped devices to support the large bar workpiece. The device has a reasonable design, a plurality of clamping angles, good clamping stability, and sufficient feeding and retracting space is left for the slide and tool of the lathe, which is conducive to meeting the requirement of fully processing large bars and is suitable for large-scale promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 An axonometric view of a clamping device for turning large bars provided in an embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2 A front view of a clamping device for turning large bars provided in an embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 A top view of a clamping device for turning large bars provided in an embodiment;

[0020] Figure 4 A side view of a clamping device for turning large bars provided in an embodiment;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the distribution of two fork-shaped devices provided in the embodiment;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fork and the transmission box provided in the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a fork and a control component provided in an embodiment;

[0024] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of a control component provided for an embodiment;

[0025] In the above figures:

[0026] 1. Spindle; 2. Center; 3. Lathe body; 4. Fork; 41. Fork arm; 42. Main board; 43. Anti-torsion guide rod; 44. Telescopic shaft; 45. Support roller; 5. Control component; 51. Transmission box; 52. Inclined surface; 53. Rotary support assembly; 531. Half-axle cover; 532. Bolt; 533. Rotary support plate; 54. Threaded sleeve; 55. Gear set; 551. Large bevel gear; 552. Small bevel gear; 553. Second driven spur gear; 554. Transition gear shaft; 555. First driven spur gear; 556. Input gear; 56. Drive motor; 57. Side cover; 58. Guide cylinder; 6. Large bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. For the convenience of description, if the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" appear below, they only indicate that the upper, lower, left and right directions are consistent with the accompanying drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

[0028] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways than those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the following disclosure.

[0029] Examples, such as Figure 1-Figure 8As shown, the present invention provides a clamping device for turning large bars, including a main shaft 1 and a center 2, wherein the main shaft 1 and the center 2 are both arranged above a lathe body 3, the end of the main shaft 1 is a chuck for clamping one end of a large bar 6, and the center 2 is used to center the other end of the large bar 6, and two fork-shaped devices 4 are arranged on both sides of the lathe body 3 and are staggered front and back. The fork-shaped device 4 is arranged close to the direction of the center 2 and is inclined from bottom to top toward the large bar 6, and the fork-shaped device 4 includes two fork arms 41 distributed in a V-shape, and the two fork arms 41 of the same fork-shaped device 4 are inclined and forked from the side of the lathe body 3 to the tail end of the large bar 6 and make room for the tool holder to move the tool, and the two fork-shaped devices 4 are forked with the large bar 6 to form 6 pairs of V-shaped support pairs, and the tail end of the fork-shaped device 4 is provided with a control component 5 for controlling its advance and retreat.

[0030] Specifically, the chuck and the top 2 of the spindle 1 clamp the large bar 6 from both ends respectively. On this basis, the present invention can form 6 pairs of V-shaped support pairs through 2 fork-shaped devices 4 to support the large bar 6 workpiece. The 6 pairs of V-shaped support pairs are: 2 fork-shaped devices 4 each have 1 support pair, and the fork arms 41 of the 2 fork-shaped devices 4 can form 4 support pairs through cross-combination. The design is reasonable, with more clamping angles and better clamping stability. Further, from the perspective of the inclined fork connection characteristics of the fork-shaped device 4, the suspended part of the fork arm 41 and the space between the fork arms 41 give the slide plate and the tool of the lathe sufficient space for tool feeding and tool advance and retreat, which does not affect the tool advance and retreat operation of the lathe, and the large bar 6, except for the part clamped by the chuck, is exposed to the tool, which is conducive to meeting the requirement that the large bar 6 is fully processed.

[0031] In order to improve the supporting performance of the fork-shaped device 4, the fork-shaped device 4 provided by the present invention includes a main board 42 with a V-shaped plane projection, fork arms 41 are arranged at both ends of the main board 42, two anti-torsion guide rods 43 distributed near the roots of the two fork arms 41 are arranged on the back of the main board 42, and a telescopic shaft 44 is also arranged on the back of the main board 42, and the telescopic shaft 44 is connected to the control component 5. Among them, the fork arms 41 on the main board 42 naturally carry a V-shaped support pair, and the interval between the two fork arms 41 is formed into a space system for the tool to pass through in a triangular distribution manner, which is conducive to the tool to complete a complete axial formation; at the same time, the main board 42 also provides a triangular support surface for the telescopic shaft 44 and the two anti-torsion guide rods 43, which is conducive to the three to play a supporting role in the space system, and improve the supporting performance and anti-bending performance of the fork-shaped device 4.

[0032] Furthermore, the fork arm 41 provided by the present invention is a trapezoidal structure and its two waist sides are smoothly transitioned to both sides of the end of the main board 42, thereby improving the supporting strength of the fork arm 41 in the spatial support system, especially improving the torsional resistance of its root.

[0033] In order to improve the matching performance between the fork arm 41 and the large bar 6, the fork arm 41 provided by the present invention is provided with a cylindrical groove on one edge thereof facing the large bar 6, and a support roller 45 is provided in the cylindrical groove to match the rotating shaft thereof. By using the roller surface of the support roller 45 to support the large bar 6, part of the power of the large bar 6 rotating with the main shaft 1 can be converted into the rotation movement of the support roller 45, and under the premise of ensuring reasonable support, friction is reduced and noise pollution is reduced; in addition, when the turning feed amount is large, after the support roller 45 and the point / line of the large bar 6 are separated, the resistance of the fork-shaped device 4 to continue to extend and contact the large bar 6 can be reduced, so as to ensure the real-time contact effect of the fork-shaped device 4 on the large bar 6.

[0034] Considering the characteristics of loading of the lathe, in order to facilitate the large bar 6 to be stuck between the main shaft 1 and the top 2 at the initial position, the control component 5 provided by the present invention can control the advance and retreat of the fork-shaped device 4, especially to withdraw the fork-shaped device 4 from the front projection range of the large bar 6 before loading. Specifically, the control component 5 provided by the present invention includes a transmission box 51, one side of the transmission box 51 is provided with an inclined surface 52 opposite to the fork-shaped device 4, the inclined surface 52 is provided with a structural hole matched with the anti-torsion guide rod 43 and the telescopic shaft 44, the transmission box 51 is provided with a rotating support assembly 53 assembled and connected with the inclined surface 52, the center of the rotating support assembly 53 is provided with a threaded sleeve 54, the threaded sleeve 54 is rotatably matched with the telescopic shaft 44, the outer side of the threaded sleeve 54 is provided with a gear set 55 connected to the transmission, and the power input end of the gear set 55 is provided with a driving motor 56. Among them, the rotating support assembly 53 plays the role of supporting the threaded sleeve 54 and the end gear of the gear set 55; the driving motor 56 drives the gear set 55 to produce an orderly meshing transmission, and the gear located at the end of the transmission can rotate synchronously with the threaded sleeve 54, and the threaded sleeve 54 can convert its rotational motion into the telescopic motion of the telescopic shaft 44, thereby realizing the forward and backward motion of the fork-type device 4.

[0035] In order to improve the space efficiency and transmission requirements inside the transmission box 51, firstly, the gear set 55 provided by the present invention is a reduction system. More specifically, the gear set 55 provided by the present invention includes a large bevel gear 551, and the transmission side of the large bevel gear 551 is provided with a small bevel gear 552 meshing with it, and the axial end face of the small bevel gear 552 is distributed on the side of the transmission box 51 toward the lathe body 3, and a second driven spur gear 553 coaxially driven with the small bevel gear 552 is provided between the small bevel gear 552 and the transmission box 51, and a transition gear shaft 554 is provided on the transmission side of the second driven spur gear 553, and a first driven spur gear 555 is provided on the transition gear shaft 554, and an input gear 556 is provided on the transmission side of the first driven spur gear 555, and the input gear 556 is connected to the driving motor 56 in transmission connection. Among them, the large bevel gear 551 and the small bevel gear 552 are used to transfer the rotation plane of the threaded sleeve 54 to the vertical plane of the transmission box 51, which plays a role in changing the transmission direction, and the second driven spur gear 553 is used to synchronize the power from the transition gear shaft 554 to the small bevel gear 552. The second driven spur gear 553, the transition gear shaft 554, the first driven spur gear 555 and the input gear 556 not only realize the reduction transmission, but also switch the height of the power input shaft to a relatively low position, especially to make the input shaft and the drive motor 56 avoid the retreat range of the telescopic shaft 44. Therefore, on the basis of ensuring the internal transmission requirements of the entire transmission box 51, the space concentration inside the transmission box 51 is improved, and the reasonable realization of the advance and retreat ability of the fork-type device 4 is also guaranteed.

[0036] In order to improve the utilization rate of the rotating support assembly 53, the rotating support assembly 53 provided by the present invention includes two half-shaft covers 531 that are butt-jointed, the half-shaft covers 531 are connected to the transmission box 51 through bolts 532, and a rotating support plate 533 connected to the transmission box 51 is provided on the inner side of the half-shaft covers 531, and the rotating support plate 533, the half-shaft covers 531 and the end of the threaded sleeve 54 are nested. Among them, the rotating support plate 533 and the inclined surface 52 of the transmission box 51 can be designed as an integrated whole, and the supporting surface of the rotating support plate 533 is provided with an annular groove that is rotatably matched with the threaded sleeve 54, and the annular groove plays the role of a bearing; the two half-shaft covers 531 are fixed on the transmission box 51 by opening and closing in half, so that the threaded sleeve 54 can be effectively assembled on the inclined surface 52 of the transmission box 51, thereby ensuring the effective transmission of the threaded sleeve 54 and the telescopic shaft 44.

[0037] Furthermore, the threaded sleeve 54 provided by the present invention includes a sleeve body, one end of which is arranged between the rotating support plate 533 and the half-shaft cover 531, and the side of the sleeve body is provided with an annular groove for mounting the large bevel gear 551, and the annular groove and the large bevel gear 551 are connected by a key to realize synchronous transmission, and the inner wall of the sleeve body is provided with a thread pair that cooperates with the telescopic shaft 44. The thread pair can convert the rotational motion of the threaded sleeve 54 and the large bevel gear 551 into the linear forward and backward motion of the telescopic shaft 44.

[0038] In order to improve the forward and backward stability of the fork-type device 4, in addition to the guiding function provided by the anti-torsion guide rod 43, the present invention also provides a side cover plate 57 on the side of the transmission box 51 away from the lathe body 3, the edge of the side cover plate 57 is connected and fixed to the transmission box 51 by bolts, and a guide cylinder 58 opposite to the telescopic shaft 44 is provided on the side cover plate 57, one end of the guide cylinder 58 is an open end and is supported and matched with the threaded sleeve 54, and the other end of the guide cylinder 58 is a blocked end and is located on the outside of the side cover plate 57. In this way, the guide cylinder 58 not only plays the role of supporting the threaded sleeve 54, but also provides a fixed exit path for the telescopic shaft 44, which is conducive to improving the action quality of the fork-type device 4 and to a certain extent, it is conducive to extending the actual service life of the device.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes and apply it to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clamping device for turning large bars, comprising a spindle and a center, both of which are arranged above a lathe body, wherein the spindle is used to clamp one end of the large bar, and the center is used to center the other end of the large bar, characterized in that: Two fork-shaped devices are arranged on both sides of the lathe body in an alternating manner. The fork-shaped devices are arranged close to the direction of the top point and are inclined from bottom to top toward the large rod. The fork-shaped device includes two fork arms distributed in a V-shape. The two fork arms of the same fork-shaped device are inclined and forked from the side of the lathe body to the tail end of the large rod and make space for the tool holder to move the tool. The two forks are forked with the large rod to form 6 pairs of V-shaped support pairs. The tail end of the fork-shaped device is provided with a control component for controlling its advance and retreat.

2. A clamping device for turning large bars according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fork-shaped device includes a main board with a V-shape in plane projection, the fork arms are arranged at both ends of the main board, the back of the main board is provided with two anti-torsion guide rods distributed near the roots of the two fork arms, and the back of the main board is also provided with a telescopic shaft, which is transmission-connected to the control component.

3. A clamping device for turning large bars according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fork arm is a trapezoidal structure, and its two waist sides are smoothly transitioned to the two sides of the main board end.

4. A clamping device for turning large bars according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fork arm is provided with a cylindrical groove on an edge thereof facing the large bar, and a supporting roller which is rotatably connected with the cylindrical groove is provided in the cylindrical groove.

5. A clamping device for turning large bars according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The control component includes a transmission box, one side of the transmission box is provided with an inclined surface opposite to the fork-type device, the inclined surface is provided with a structural hole that cooperates with the anti-torsion guide rod and the telescopic shaft, the interior of the transmission box is provided with a rotating support assembly connected to the inclined surface, the center of the rotating support assembly is provided with a threaded sleeve, the threaded sleeve is rotatably matched with the telescopic shaft, the outer side of the threaded sleeve is provided with a gear group transmission-connected thereto, and the power input end of the gear group is provided with a driving motor.

6. A clamping device for turning large bars according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gear set includes a large bevel gear, a small bevel gear meshing with the large bevel gear is arranged on the transmission side of the large bevel gear, the axial end face of the small bevel gear is distributed on the side of the transmission box toward the lathe body, a second driven spur gear coaxially driven with the small bevel gear is arranged between the small bevel gear and the transmission box, a transition gear shaft is arranged on the transmission side of the second driven spur gear, a first driven spur gear is arranged on the transition gear shaft, an input gear is arranged on the transmission side of the first driven spur gear, and the input gear is transmission-connected to the drive motor.

7. A clamping device for turning large bars according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating support assembly includes two half-axle covers that are butt-matched, and the half-axle covers are connected to the transmission box by bolts. A rotating support plate connected to the transmission box is provided on the inner side of the half-axle cover, and the rotating support plate, the half-axle cover and the end of the threaded sleeve are nested.

8. A clamping device for turning large bars according to claim 7, characterized in that: The threaded sleeve includes a sleeve body, one end of which is arranged between the rotating support plate and the half-axle cover, a side surface of the sleeve body is provided with an annular groove for installing a gear set, and an inner wall of the sleeve body is provided with a thread pair that cooperates with the telescopic shaft.

9. A clamping device for turning large bars according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission box is provided with a side cover plate on the side away from the lathe body, and the side cover plate is provided with a guide cylinder opposite to the telescopic shaft, one end of the guide cylinder is an open end and is supported by a threaded sleeve, and the other end of the guide cylinder is a blocked end and is located on the outside of the side cover plate.

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