An experimental system and method for polishing aluminum alloy sheet in a vacuum chamber

Abstract

The application discloses an experimental system and method for polishing aluminum alloy sheets in a vacuum cavity, which comprises an experimental device and an electrical control system; the experimental device comprises a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, the top positive inner side and the bottom negative inner side of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber are respectively provided with an anode static guide electric pole and a cathode static guide electric pole, the bottom of the anode static guide electric pole is movably connected with an anode dynamic guide electric pole, the top of the cathode static guide electric pole is movably connected with a cathode dynamic guide electric pole, the bottom of the anode dynamic guide electric pole is connected with an anode contact through a conductive clamp, and the top of the cathode dynamic guide electric pole is connected with a T-shaped metal sheet; the electrical control system comprises a direct-current charger, a voltage divider, a high-speed camera, an oscilloscope and a computer. The application can accurately position and remove burrs of aluminum alloy caused by milling through multiple small energy discharges, and opens up a new way for the research on the polishing of metal thin-walled parts.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of aluminum alloy sheet polishing, and particularly relates to an experimental system and method for polishing aluminum alloy sheets in a vacuum cavity. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of military technology, modern warfare has increasingly high requirements for the accuracy and reliability of weapon systems. As an important air attack and self-defense system, air-to-air missiles have become a key factor in improving overall performance in terms of precise polishing of aviation weak-rigid thin-walled structural parts. However, traditional polishing methods such as ultrasonic cleaning, chemical mechanical deburring, high-pressure water flow deburring, and manual microscope deburring have limitations when processing precision aviation parts:

[0003] 1) Ultrasonic cleaning can remove some surface contamination and minor burrs, but may not be effective in achieving a highly smooth surface.

[0004] 2) Chemical mechanical deburring may damage the intrinsic properties of the material due to uncontrollable chemical reactions, especially on precision parts, which may cause unpredictable material damage.

[0005] 3) High-pressure water flow deburring can remove burrs on hard materials, but may cause deformation or damage to weak-rigid thin-walled structural parts.

[0006] 4) Manual microscope deburring is extremely precise, but has low efficiency, high cost, and requires high skills of the operator, making it unsuitable for mass production.

[0007] On the other hand, current methods of polishing using plasma are mainly applied to the polishing of copper contact surfaces, and the contact heads are mostly cylindrical, highlighting the limitations of current technology in terms of application scope. In particular, when processing metal sheets of different materials and shapes, such as aluminum alloy sheets, existing plasma polishing technology faces significant challenges. The high reactivity and oxidizability of aluminum alloy also bring additional complexity in a vacuum plasma environment. The high surface stress concentration of aluminum alloy during aging is higher than that of copper contacts, and the high current arc aging method commonly used for copper contacts is no longer suitable. At the same time, the placement of aluminum alloy sheets in a vacuum cavity is also a major problem to be solved.

[0008] In summary, existing polishing methods such as ultrasonic cleaning, chemical mechanical deburring, high-pressure water flow deburring, and manual microscope deburring have their own limitations when processing precision aviation parts, such as low efficiency, high cost, and potential damage to material properties. While current plasma polishing technology shows some potential, it still faces technical challenges and limitations in application to metal sheets of different materials and shapes, such as highly reactive and easily oxidized aluminum alloy. SUMMARY

[0009] The present application aims to provide an experimental system and method for polishing aluminum alloy sheet in a vacuum chamber to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] An experimental system for polishing aluminum alloy sheet in a vacuum chamber, comprising an experimental device and an electrical control system;

[0012] The experimental device comprises a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, the top positive inner side and the bottom negative inner side of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber are respectively provided with an anode static guide electric pole and a cathode static guide electric pole, the bottom of the anode static guide electric pole is movably connected with an anode dynamic guide electric pole, the top of the cathode static guide electric pole is movably connected with a cathode dynamic guide electric pole, the bottom of the anode dynamic guide electric pole is connected with an anode contact through a conductive clamp, and the top of the cathode dynamic guide electric pole is connected with a T-shaped metal sheet.

[0013] The electrical control system comprises a direct current charger, a voltage divider, a high-speed camera, an oscilloscope and a computer;

[0014] The direct current charger and the voltage divider are both connected with the top positive and the bottom negative of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber through wires, the direct current charger is connected with the computer through a data line, the side of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is provided with an observation window, the high-speed camera is arranged opposite to the observation window and is connected with the computer through a data line, and the oscilloscope is connected with the voltage divider through one probe and connected with the high-speed camera through another probe.

[0015] Further, the anode static guide electric pole and the anode dynamic guide electric pole are threadedly connected, and the cathode static guide electric pole and the cathode dynamic guide electric pole are threadedly connected.

[0016] Further, the free end of the anode contact is a plane or a semispherical shape.

[0017] Further, the top of the cathode dynamic guide electric pole is provided with a mounting groove, the bottom of the T-shaped metal sheet is placed in the mounting groove, and the T-shaped metal sheet is fixed through clamping screws on the side of the mounting groove.

[0018] Further, the top of the T-shaped metal sheet is in the shape of a square or a circle.

[0019] The top surface of the T-shaped metal sheet is a milled plane or a plane with a protrusion.

[0020] Further, the discharge form between the anode contact and the T-shaped metal sheet is pulse discharge, the discharge interval is 0.7-1s, and the discharge voltage is 5kV-40kV.

[0021] The voltage divider adopts a resistance-capacitance type 50kV voltage divider.

[0022] Further, the electrically-conductive clamp comprises a fixed plate, a side surface of the fixed plate is provided with an integrally-formed anode limiting piece, the anode limiting piece comprises two vertical plates and a horizontal plate, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the vertical plates, the two vertical plates are provided with grooves on the side close to the horizontal plate, the two grooves are oppositely arranged, an active gap is formed between the two grooves, an active block is arranged in the active gap, the horizontal plate is provided with a first mounting hole matched with an anode movable electrically-conductive rod, and the active block is provided with a second mounting hole matched with an anode contact.

[0023] Further, a free end of the horizontal plate is provided with a first gap extending to the first mounting hole, and the free end of the horizontal plate is provided with a first fastening hole capable of adjusting the first gap.

[0024] A free end of the active block is provided with a second gap extending to the second mounting hole, and the free end of the active block is provided with a second fastening hole capable of adjusting the second gap.

[0025] Further, the vertical plates are provided with waist-shaped holes at positions corresponding to the grooves, the active block is provided with screw holes matched with the waist-shaped holes, and the position of the active block is adjusted by bolts matched with the waist-shaped holes and the screw holes.

[0026] An experimental method for polishing aluminum alloy thin sheets in a vacuum cavity, comprising:

[0027] The distance and relative position of the anode contact and the T-shaped metal sheet are adjusted, when the preset distance and position are reached, the vacuum interrupter is vacuumized, when the predetermined vacuum degree is reached, the computer controls the direct current charger to discharge according to the set parameters, the weak point on the T-shaped metal sheet is accurately positioned, the vacuum gap between the anode contact and the T-shaped metal sheet is broken down under the high voltage of the direct current charger, the voltage of the vacuum gap rapidly drops to 0 to generate a falling edge signal, the oscilloscope receives the falling edge signal and then transmits it to the high-speed camera through the probe, the high-speed camera starts shooting when receiving the falling edge signal, the photos are read on the computer, and the T-shaped metal sheet after discharging is characterized by a scanning electron microscope to check the polishing effect.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] The application provides an experimental system for polishing aluminum alloy sheet in a vacuum cavity, an anode static guide rod, an anode dynamic guide rod, a cathode dynamic guide rod and a cathode static guide rod are arranged in a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, the anode static guide rod and the anode dynamic guide rod and the cathode dynamic guide rod and the cathode static guide rod are movably connected, the distance between the anode contact and the T-shaped metal sheet can be adjusted, the internal capacitor of the direct current charger is included, after breakdown discharge, the discharge needs to pass through the internal protection time and the capacitor charging time, the discharge form of the anode contact and the T-shaped metal sheet is pulse discharge, so that each discharge can find the weak place on the surface of the T-shaped metal sheet to break down and polish, and through multiple small energy discharges, the burrs caused by milling of the aluminum alloy can be accurately positioned and removed, in addition, through the arrangement of a high-speed camera, an oscilloscope and a computer and the like, the electrical information such as the breakdown voltage and the discharge process can be captured, the influence law of the discharge parameters such as the atmosphere condition, the electrode material and shape, the distance between the electrode and the sample and the polishing time on the polishing characteristics of different metal surfaces can be researched, and a new way for researching the polishing of metal thin-walled parts is opened up.

[0030] Further, the top of the cathode dynamic guide rod is provided with a mounting groove, the bottom of the T-shaped metal sheet is arranged in the mounting groove, and the T-shaped metal sheet is fixed through clamping screws on the side of the mounting groove, so that the aluminum alloy sheet can be simply and easily placed.

[0031] Further, through the design of the structure of the conductive clamp, the anode contact can be ensured to be opposite to the T-shaped metal sheet, and the fastening of the anode contact and the anode dynamic guide rod can be ensured.

[0032] The application provides an experimental method for polishing aluminum alloy sheet in a vacuum cavity, on the one hand, through the improvement of the original contact-to-contact discharge mode, a simple and easy placing method of the aluminum alloy sheet is realized, and on the other hand, a small-capacitance high-voltage discharge mode is designed, the local distortion of the electric field caused by different defects on the metal surface is utilized, the burrs caused by milling of the aluminum alloy are accurately positioned and removed through multiple small energy discharges, and the electrical information such as the breakdown voltage and the discharge process can be captured through the measurement circuit, the influence law of the discharge parameters such as the atmosphere condition, the electrode material and shape, the distance between the electrode and the sample and the polishing time on the polishing characteristics of different metal surfaces can be researched, and a new way and method for researching the polishing of metal thin-walled parts is opened up. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and constitute a part of the application.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the experimental device of the application;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movable block of the conductive clamp;

[0036] Figure 3 The fixed plate structure of the conductive clamp is shown schematically;

[0037] Figure 4 The limiting member structure of the conductive clamp is shown schematically;

[0038] Figure 5 The conductive clamp structure is shown schematically;

[0039] Figure 6 The overall structure of the experimental system is shown schematically;

[0040] Figure 7 The low-voltage discharge diagram, wherein (a) is the low-voltage discharge Figure 1 , (b) is the low-voltage discharge Figure 2 ;

[0041] Figure 8 The untreated sheet electron microscope diagram, wherein (a) is the untreated sheet electron microscope Figure 1 , (b) is the untreated sheet electron microscope Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 9 The sheet electron microscope diagram after discharge treatment, wherein (a) is the sheet electron microscope after discharge treatment Figure 1 , (b) is the sheet electron microscope after discharge treatment Figure 2 .

[0043] 1, anode static conductive rod; 2, anode dynamic conductive rod; 3, conductive clamp; 4, anode contact; 5, T-shaped metal sheet; 6, clamping screw; 7, cathode dynamic conductive rod; 8, cathode static conductive rod; 9, vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber; 10, direct current charger; 11, voltage divider; 12, high-speed camera; 13, oscilloscope; 14, computer; 15, fixed plate, 16, anode limiting member; 17, movable block; 18, first mounting hole; 19, second mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to enable the personnel in the art to better understand the present application scheme, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor should belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0045] It is to be understood that the terminology "first", "second", and the like used throughout the specification and claims of this application are solely used for distinguishing between similar objects submitting the specific order or sequence of importance, and can not necessarily have a succeeding numerical or alphabetical value. It is to be understood that the use of terminology, such as "including", "having", "with", and "comprising", or related in the above description is open-ended, and for the purpose of use of describing the embodiments of the application. For example, a process, method, object, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to the specific steps or elements disclosed, but can include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, object, or apparatus. It is to be understood that the terminology specifically used in the above description is intended to be related to the embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the application of the present application.

[0046] Embodiment one

[0047] The present application provides an experimental system for polishing aluminum alloy sheet in a vacuum chamber, which involves an experimental device and an electrical control system.

[0048] Referring to Figure 3 , the experimental device mainly comprises an anode static conducting rod 1, an anode dynamic conducting rod 2, a conducting clamp 3, an anode contact 4, a T-shaped metal sheet 5 (i.e. the aluminum alloy sheet to be tested), a clamping screw 6, a cathode dynamic conducting rod 7, a cathode static conducting rod 8, and a vacuum arc chamber 9. The anode static conducting rod 1 and the cathode static conducting rod 8 are fixed to the vacuum arc chamber 9, and the anode dynamic conducting rod 2 is fixedly connected with the conducting clamp 3.

[0049] The anode static conducting rod 1 and the anode dynamic conducting rod 2, and the cathode dynamic conducting rod 7 and the cathode static conducting rod 8 are all threadedly connected, so that the distance between the anode contact 4 and the T-shaped metal sheet 5 can be adjusted.

[0050] Referring to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The conductive clamp 3 comprises a fixed plate 15, the side of the fixed plate 15 is provided with an integrally formed anode limiting piece 16, the anode limiting piece 16 comprises two vertical plates and a horizontal plate, the fixed plate 15 is fixedly connected with the vertical plate side, in specific implementation, threaded holes can be arranged on the vertical plate side, and threaded holes are arranged at the corresponding positions of the fixed plate 15, and the fixed plate 15 and the vertical plate are fixed through the threaded holes on the vertical plate and the fixed plate 15, the side of each of the two vertical plates close to the horizontal plate is provided with a groove, the two grooves are oppositely arranged, and a movable block 17 is arranged in the movable gap formed between the two grooves, the horizontal plate is provided with a first mounting hole 18 matched with the anode movable conductive rod 2, the movable block 17 is provided with a second mounting hole 19 matched with the anode contact, the free end of the horizontal plate is provided with a first gap extending to the first mounting hole 18, the free end of the horizontal plate is provided with a first fastening hole capable of adjusting the first gap, in specific implementation, internal threads can be arranged in the first fastening hole, and the first gap is fastened through a bolt; the free end of the movable block 17 is provided with a second gap extending to the second mounting hole 19, the free end of the movable block 17 is provided with a second fastening hole capable of adjusting the second gap, in specific implementation, internal threads can be arranged in the second fastening hole, and the second gap is fastened through a bolt, the vertical plate is provided with a waist-shaped hole at the position corresponding to the groove, the movable block 17 is provided with a threaded hole matched with the waist-shaped hole, and the position of the movable block 17 is adjusted through the bolt matched with the waist-shaped hole and the threaded hole; the movable block 17 can move in two dimensions, the anode contact 4 is ensured to be opposite to the T-shaped metal sheet 5, and the anode contact 4 specifically adopts but is not limited to a plane, a hemisphere or the like.

[0051] The T-shaped metal sheet 5 is fixed on the cathode movable conductive rod 7 through the clamping screw 6, and the sheet shape is not limited to regular shapes such as a square or a circle; the surface is not limited to a milled plane or a surface with a protrusion; and the position can be parallel to or at an angle to the anode contact 4.

[0052] The T-shaped metal sheet 5, the clamping screw 6 and the cathode movable conductive rod 7 can be replaced with a traditional contact, a conductive rod and a conductive clamp to perform a traditional polishing experiment.

[0053] Referring to Figure 8 The electrical control part mainly comprises a direct current charger 10, a voltage divider 11, a high-speed camera 12, an oscilloscope 13 and a computer 14, and the computer 14 can specifically adopt a notebook computer in use. The direct current charger 10 is connected with the positive and negative electrodes of the vacuum interrupter 9 through wires, and is connected with the computer 14 through a data line. The voltage divider 11 is connected with the positive and negative electrodes of the vacuum interrupter 9 through wires. The high-speed camera 12 is opposite to the observation window of the vacuum interrupter 9 and is connected with the computer 14 through a data line. The observation window can adopt quartz glass. The oscilloscope 13 is connected with the voltage divider 11 through a probe and is connected with the high-speed camera 12 through another probe.

[0054] The charging mode of the direct current charger 10 is that the computer 14 upper computer software sets the charging voltage, current and time, the maximum charging voltage is 50kV, and the maximum charging current is 80mA. The direct current charger 10 internally contains a capacitor, and after breakdown discharge, the capacitor needs to pass through the internal protection time and the capacitor charging time again. The discharge form of the anode contact 4 and the T-shaped metal sheet 5 is pulse discharge, so each time of discharge will find the weak place on the surface of the T-shaped metal sheet 5 to break down and polish, and the voltage divider 11 is selected as a resistance-capacitance type 50kV voltage divider according to the discharge characteristics of pulse discharge, the discharge interval is 0.7-1s, and the discharge voltage is 5kV-40kV.

[0055] The trigger moment of the oscilloscope 13 is that the anode contact 4 and the T-shaped metal sheet 5 are broken down under the charging high voltage of the direct current charger 10, the voltage of the vacuum gap is rapidly reduced to 0 to generate a falling edge, the oscilloscope 13 receives the falling edge signal and then transmits it to the high-speed camera 12 through the probe, and the high-speed camera receives the falling edge trigger signal to start photographing.

[0056] In use, the distance and relative position of the anode contact 4 and the T-shaped metal sheet 5 are adjusted in advance, the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber 9 is vacuumized, when the predetermined vacuum degree is reached, the direct current charger 10 is controlled by the upper computer of the computer 14 to discharge according to the set parameters, the weak point on the T-shaped metal sheet 5 is accurately positioned, the voltage divider 11 measures the breakdown waveform of the vacuum gap and records it on the oscilloscope 13, the oscilloscope 13 triggers the high-speed camera 12 to start photographing, the photos are read on the computer 14 by the specific upper computer, and the T-shaped metal sheet 5 after discharge can be characterized by a scanning electron microscope to view the polishing effect, that is, the rough plane appears a flat area.

[0057] Example two

[0058] The present application provides an experimental method for polishing an aluminum alloy sheet in a vacuum cavity, adjusting the distance and relative position of the anode contact 4 and the T-shaped metal sheet 5, when the preset distance and position are reached (specifically, the relative position is kept parallel, and the preset distance is 1.3mm), the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber 9 is vacuumized, and when the predetermined vacuum degree is reached (specifically, when the vacuum degree is reduced to 5*10 -3Pa and below, it is considered to reach low pressure state), using computer 14 control direct current charger 10 according to the set parameters to discharge (specifically, set the initial current size 80mA, voltage is 25kV, discharge time is 30s each time, preset discharge 20 times), accurate positioning of the weak point on the T-shaped metal sheet 5, the anode contact 4 and the T-shaped metal sheet 5 are broken under the charging high voltage of the direct current charger 10, the voltage of the vacuum gap is rapidly reduced to 0 to generate a falling edge signal, the oscilloscope 13 receives the falling edge signal and then transmits it to the high-speed camera 12 through the probe, triggering the high-speed camera 12 to start shooting when receiving the falling edge signal, the photos are read on the computer 14, and the T-shaped metal sheet 5 after discharge is characterized by scanning electron microscope on its surface to view the polishing effect.

[0059] Figure 9 The discharge diagram of the T-shaped sheet shot by the high-speed camera under low voltage conditions, the high-speed camera parameter setting resolution 800*600, sampling rate 5000fps, exposure time 200us, due to the thickness is too thin and the plane appears curling, at the same time, the tip discharge effect, for square sheet, discharge is always on the four corners, ​ and ​ The scanning electron microscope photos of the sheet surface before and after discharge (the same sheet in different shooting directions), set the scanning electron microscope magnification to 100 times, the acceleration voltage to 15kV, adjust the brightness and contrast to achieve the expected effect, and then take SEM photos, before discharge, the sheet surface shows obvious roughness, and the height difference of each point is large, resulting in irregularity of the surface. However, after discharge treatment, especially at the edge and corner positions of the sheet, there are obvious large-area flat areas. This change reflects the influence of the discharge process on the microstructure of the surface, successfully reduces the height difference and improves the overall smoothness of the surface, proving the actual effect of the method in optimizing the surface characteristics of the material.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and not to limit the scope of protection, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: after reading the present application, those skilled in the art can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent replacements to the specific embodiments of the present application, but these changes, modifications or equivalent replacements are all within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An experimental system for polishing aluminum alloy sheets within a vacuum chamber, characterized in that, Including experimental equipment and electrical control systems; The experimental apparatus includes a vacuum interrupter (9), with an anode stationary conductive rod (1) and a cathode stationary conductive rod (8) respectively arranged on the inner side of the top positive electrode and the inner side of the bottom negative electrode of the vacuum interrupter (9). The bottom of the anode stationary conductive rod (1) is movably connected to an anode moving conductive rod (2), and the top of the cathode stationary conductive rod (8) is movably connected to a cathode moving conductive rod (7). The bottom of the anode moving conductive rod (2) is connected to an anode contact (4) through a conductive clamp (3), and the top of the cathode moving conductive rod (7) is connected to a T-shaped metal sheet (5). The electrical control system includes a DC charger (10), a voltage divider (11), a high-speed camera (12), an oscilloscope (13), and a computer (14); The DC charger (10) and voltage divider (11) are both connected to the top positive terminal and bottom negative terminal of the vacuum interrupter (9) via wires. The DC charger (10) is connected to the computer (14) via a data cable. An observation window is provided on the side of the vacuum interrupter (9). The high-speed camera (12) is positioned directly opposite the observation window. The high-speed camera (12) is connected to the computer (14) via a data cable. The oscilloscope (13) is connected to the voltage divider (11) via one probe and to the high-speed camera (12) via another probe.

2. The experimental system for polishing aluminum alloy sheets in a vacuum chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anode stationary conductive rod (1) is threadedly connected to the anode moving conductive rod (2), and the cathode stationary conductive rod (8) is threadedly connected to the cathode moving conductive rod (7).

3. The experimental system for polishing aluminum alloy sheets in a vacuum chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The free end of the anode contact (4) is planar or hemispherical.

4. The experimental system for polishing aluminum alloy sheets in a vacuum chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the cathode moving conductive rod (7) is provided with an installation groove, and the bottom of the T-shaped metal sheet (5) is placed in the installation groove. The T-shaped metal sheet (5) is fixed by the clamping screw (6) on the side of the installation groove.

5. The experimental system for polishing aluminum alloy sheets in a vacuum chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top shape of the T-shaped metal sheet (5) is square or circular; The top surface of the T-shaped metal sheet (5) is a milled flat surface or a raised surface.

6. The experimental system for polishing aluminum alloy sheets in a vacuum chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge mode between the anode contact (4) and the T-shaped metal sheet (5) is pulse discharge, with a discharge interval of 0.7-1s and a discharge voltage of 5kV-40kV; The voltage divider (11) is a resistive-capacitive 50kV voltage divider.

7. The experimental system for polishing aluminum alloy sheets in a vacuum chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive clamp (3) includes a fixed plate (15). The side of the fixed plate (15) is provided with an integrally formed anode limit positioner (16). The anode limit positioner (16) includes two vertical plates and a horizontal plate. The fixed plate (15) is fixedly connected to the side of the vertical plates. The two vertical plates are provided with grooves on the side near the horizontal plate. The two grooves are arranged opposite each other and a movable gap is formed between the two grooves. A movable block (17) is provided in the movable gap. The horizontal plate is provided with a first mounting hole (18) that cooperates with the anode moving conductive rod (2). The movable block (17) is provided with a second mounting hole (19) that cooperates with the anode contact.

8. The experimental system for polishing aluminum alloy sheets in a vacuum chamber according to claim 7, characterized in that, The free end of the horizontal plate is provided with a first gap extending to the first mounting hole (18), and the free end of the horizontal plate is provided with a first fastening hole that can adjust the first gap. The free end of the movable block (17) is provided with a second gap extending to the second mounting hole (19), and the free end of the movable block (17) is provided with a second fastening hole that can adjust the second gap.

9. The experimental system for polishing aluminum alloy sheets in a vacuum chamber according to claim 7, characterized in that, The vertical plate is provided with a waist-shaped hole at the position corresponding to the groove, and the movable block (17) is provided with a threaded hole that matches the waist-shaped hole. The position of the movable block (17) is adjusted by bolts that match the waist-shaped hole and the threaded hole.

10. An experimental method for polishing aluminum alloy sheets in a vacuum chamber, based on the experimental system described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: Adjust the spacing and relative position of the anode contact (4) and the T-shaped metal sheet (5) to achieve the preset spacing and position. Then, evacuate the vacuum interrupter (9) to achieve the preset vacuum level. Then, use the computer (14) to control the DC charger (10) to discharge according to the set parameters. Accurately locate the weak point on the T-shaped metal sheet (5). The vacuum gap between the anode contact (4) and the T-shaped metal sheet (5) is broken down under the charging high voltage of the DC charger (10). The vacuum gap voltage drops rapidly to 0, generating a falling edge signal. The oscilloscope (13) receives the falling edge signal and then transmits it to the high-speed camera (12) through the probe. The high-speed camera (12) is triggered to receive the falling edge signal and start taking pictures. The pictures are read on the computer (14). After the discharge is completed, the surface of the T-shaped metal sheet (5) is characterized by scanning electron microscopy to check the polishing effect.

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