Underwater vehicle high-speed water entry buffer head cap adopting multiple bionic buffer structures
By adopting a buffer head cap with multiple bionic buffer structures, including a wheat stem structure shell, a bidirectional mantis shrimp sinusoidal structure buffer layer and a coconut tree and spider web composite structure buffer layer, the problem of insufficient buffering capacity when entering water at high speed in the prior art is solved, and better buffer protection and lightness are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510277938.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-27
AI Technical Summary
When existing underwater vehicles enter water at high speed, the buffer head cap has poor buffering capacity and cannot effectively protect the vehicle structure and internal devices.
The buffer head cap using multiple bionic buffer structures includes a wheat stem structure shell, a bidirectional mantis shrimp sinusoidal structure buffer layer and a coconut tree and spider web composite structure buffer layer, which can achieve better buffer protection by absorbing impact energy layer by layer.
It realizes effective buffer protection for underwater vehicles, significantly improves buffering capacity, and has good lightness and corrosion resistance, extending service life.
Smart Images
Figure CN120039385A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of underwater vehicle water entry load reduction, and particularly relates to a high-speed water entry buffer headcap for an underwater vehicle adopting a multiple bionic buffer structure. Background Art
[0002] "Water entry" is a very common problem. Whether it is equipment required by modern navies such as depth bombs, air-dropped cross-media weapons, submarine-launched missiles, or the recovery of trans-atmospheric aerospace vehicles, the development of anti-submarine torpedoes and trans-media flight and submersible vehicles, or the further research and development of non-military weapon equipment such as underwater life-saving airbags, all involve the "water entry" problem. When an underwater vehicle comes into contact with a free liquid surface, especially at the moment of contact under high-speed water entry conditions, the underwater vehicle will be subjected to a huge impact load. Although the action time of this impact load on the head of the vehicle is short, this overly powerful impact is likely to cause structural damage to the vehicle. In addition, the control components and circuit systems inside the underwater vehicle will also be damaged and malfunction due to this. Therefore, to solve this problem, the common international practice is to add a buffer headcap to the underwater vehicle. The buffer headcap is installed on the head of the vehicle. When the underwater vehicle enters the water, the buffer headcap absorbs a huge amount of impact energy and breaks and disassembles from the projectile under the action of the water entry impact load to protect the safety of the projectile structure and internal components. However, the existing buffer headcaps have poor buffer capabilities and cannot provide good buffer protection for underwater vehicles. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and propose a high-speed water entry buffer headcap for an underwater vehicle adopting a multiple bionic buffer structure.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
[0005] The high-speed water entry buffer headcap for an underwater vehicle adopting a multiple bionic buffer structure of the present invention includes a wheat stalk structure imitation shell, a bidirectional mantis shrimp sine structure imitation buffer layer, and a coconut tree and spider web composite structure imitation buffer layer.
[0006] The wheat stalk structure imitation shell includes an outer shell and an inner thin-walled shell. Both the outer shell and the inner thin-walled shell are of a rotary body, and the heads of the outer shell and the inner thin-walled shell are both spherical, and the tails of the outer shell and the inner thin-walled shell are both cylindrical. The inner thin-walled shell is placed inside the outer shell, coaxially arranged with the outer shell and spaced apart. A first filler is filled between the inner thin-walled shell and the outer shell, and the inner side of the inner thin-walled shell is a cavity; a plurality of through holes are arranged on the outer shell at equal circumferential intervals, and the through holes are arranged along the generatrix line of the outer shell; a plurality of fiber tubes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction in the first filler, and the fiber tubes are arranged along the generatrix line of the inner thin-walled shell.
[0007] The bidirectional mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer is arranged at the spherical position of the cavity and includes an interlayer and filler two; multiple interlayers are arranged at intervals along the rotation center line of the wheat stalk structure housing, and are composed of two clamping plates arranged at intervals. The shape of the clamping plate is a bidirectional mantis shrimp sine structure, and the outer edge of the clamping plate fits against the inner wall of the inner thin-walled housing; filler two is filled between every two adjacent clamping plates and between the clamping plate closest to the head and the head position of the inner thin-walled housing.
[0008] The coconut tree and cobweb composite structure buffer layer is arranged in the cavity and is located at the tail of the bidirectional mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer, and is composed of multiple frustum components arranged in layers along the rotation center line of the wheat stalk structure housing; the frustum component includes a frustum thin-walled tube and a cobweb-like structure. The upper bottom surface of the frustum thin-walled tube faces the tail of the bidirectional mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer. A coaxially arranged cobweb-like structure is fixed inside the frustum thin-walled tube, and the cross-sectional shape of the cobweb-like structure is cobweb-shaped at any position. Filler three is filled between the cobweb-like structure and the inner wall of the frustum thin-walled tube and in each cavity inside the cobweb-like structure; the end faces of every two adjacent frustum components are fixed, and the frustum component close to the bidirectional mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer contacts the adjacent clamping plate.
[0009] Preferably, the inner diameter of the fiber tube is larger than the aperture of the through hole.
[0010] Preferably, the distance between every two adjacent fiber tubes is smaller than the distance between every two adjacent through holes.
[0011] Preferably, the radius of each interlayer and the distance between every two adjacent interlayers increase in the direction from the head to the tail.
[0012] Preferably, both filler one and filler two are made of foam metal material.
[0013] More preferably, the foam metal material is selected as foam aluminum.
[0014] Preferably, the outer edge of the lower bottom surface of the frustum thin-walled tube contacts the inner wall of the inner thin-walled housing.
[0015] Preferably, filler three is made of foam plastic material.
[0016] More preferably, the foam plastic material is selected as polyurethane foam plastic.
[0017] Preferably, the outer shell, the inner thin-walled shell, each fiber tube, each clamping plate, and each frustum thin-walled tube are all made of carbon fiber resin composite material.
[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0019] 1. The present invention adopts a multiple bionic buffer structure to absorb the impact energy suffered by the underwater vehicle when entering the water layer by layer, has good buffering ability, and can realize the buffering and protection effect on the underwater vehicle. Specifically, the present invention absorbs the initial impact when the underwater vehicle first enters the water through the wheat stalk structure imitation shell, dissipates part of the impact energy, and the multiple through holes opened in the outer shell of the wheat stalk structure imitation shell and the multiple fiber tubes on the inner side of the outer shell are used as the main load-bearing structures to absorb part of the impact energy, and the first filler slows down the vibration generated by the impact and buffers the impact on both sides when the underwater vehicle enters the water; then, each sandwich layer in the double-direction mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer absorbs the part of the impact energy weakened by the wheat stalk structure imitation shell in turn, the second filler slows down the vibration generated by the impact, and each sandwich layer is composed of two splints arranged at intervals, and the splints adopt the double-direction mantis shrimp sine structure, which can evenly disperse the local impact received by it, effectively avoid stress concentration, and under the impact, can quickly respond to the change of the load, improve the critical impact energy absorption capacity, and make the double-direction mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer have a good buffering effect; then, each frustum component in the coconut tree and spider web composite structure buffer layer absorbs the part of the impact energy weakened and evenly distributed transmitted by the double-direction mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer layer by layer, greatly reduces the initial peak force received by it, stabilizes the crushing process, and the spider web structure imitation in the frustum component can quickly disperse and absorb the impact energy, and the third filler can further slow down the vibration generated by the impact; through the wheat stalk structure imitation shell, the double-direction mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer and the coconut tree and spider web composite structure buffer layer, the impact energy suffered by the underwater vehicle when entering the water is absorbed layer by layer, so as to realize the buffering and protection of the underwater vehicle.
[0020] 2. While having a good buffering and energy absorption effect, the present invention also has high portability. Specifically, the outer shell, the inner thin-walled shell, each fiber tube, each splint and each frustum thin-walled tube in the present invention all adopt carbon fiber resin composite materials, which have good impact resistance and corrosion resistance, reduce the mass of the buffer headgear while ensuring the stiffness of the buffer headgear, and improve the service life of the buffer headgear. The first filler and the second filler both adopt foam metal materials, and the third filler adopts foam plastic materials, which further ensure the lighter mass of the buffer headgear while improving the buffering and energy absorption capacity of the buffer headgear; further, the distance between every two adjacent sandwich layers in the double-direction mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer increases from the head to the tail, which reduces the material consumption while strengthening the impact resistance of the double-direction mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer, achieving the purpose of lightweight. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tail of the wheat stalk structure imitation shell in the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the bidirectional mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer in the present invention;
[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the splint in the present invention;
[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the coconut tree and cobweb composite structure buffer layer in the present invention;
[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the frustum component in the present invention;
[0027] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the frustum component in the present invention after removing the frustum thin-walled tube. Detailed implementation manners
[0028] The following further describes the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0029] As Figure 1 shown, the underwater vehicle high-speed water-entry buffer headgear of the present invention adopting a multi-bionic buffer structure includes a wheat stalk structure imitation shell 1, a bidirectional mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer 2, and a coconut tree and cobweb composite structure buffer layer 3.
[0030] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the wheat stalk structure imitation shell 1 includes an outer shell 101 and an inner thin-walled shell 106. Both the outer shell 101 and the inner thin-walled shell 106 are of revolution bodies, and the heads of both the outer shell 101 and the inner thin-walled shell 106 are spherical, and the tails of both the outer shell 101 and the inner thin-walled shell 106 are cylindrical. The inner thin-walled shell 106 is placed inside the outer shell 101, coaxial with and spaced from the outer shell 101. A first filler 103 is filled between the inner thin-walled shell 106 and the outer shell 101, and the inner side of the inner thin-walled shell 106 is a cavity 105; a plurality of through holes 102 are arranged on the outer shell 101 at equal circumferential intervals, and the through holes 102 are arranged along the generatrix profile of the outer shell 101; a plurality of fiber tubes 104 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and embedded in the first filler 103, and the fiber tubes 104 are arranged along the generatrix profile of the inner thin-walled shell 106.
[0031] As Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the double-direction mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer 2 is arranged at the spherical shape position of the cavity 105, and includes an interlayer 202 and a filler two 203; a plurality of interlayers 202 are arranged at intervals along the rotation center line of the wheat stalk structure cover 1, and the radius of each interlayer 202 and the distance between every two adjacent interlayers 202 increase in the direction from the head to the tail. Each interlayer 202 is composed of two clamping plates 201 arranged at intervals, and the shape of the clamping plate 201 is a double-direction mantis shrimp sine structure. The longitudinal section profile of the double-direction mantis shrimp sine structure along any angle is a sine curve. The outer edge of the clamping plate 201 fits with the inner wall of the inner thin-walled shell 106; a filler two 203 is filled between every two adjacent clamping plates 201 and between the clamping plate 201 closest to the head and the head position of the inner thin-walled shell 106. Among them, the filler one 103 and the filler two 203 are both made of foam metal materials.
[0032] As Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the coconut tree and cobweb composite structure buffer layer 3 is arranged in the cavity 105 and is located at the tail of the double-direction mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer 2, and is composed of a plurality of frustum components 301 arranged in layers along the rotation center line of the wheat stalk structure cover 1; the frustum component 301 includes a cobweb structure 303 and a frustum thin-walled tube 304. The upper bottom surface of the frustum thin-walled tube 304 faces the tail of the double-direction mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer 2. A coaxially arranged cobweb structure 303 is fixed in the frustum thin-walled tube 304. The cobweb structure 303 is composed of a plurality of regular polygon cylinders arranged coaxially and equidistantly along the radial direction. Two aligned corner positions on every two adjacent regular polygon cylinders are fixed by a vertical plate one. Each corner position on the outermost regular polygon cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the frustum thin-walled tube 304 by a vertical plate two. The heights of the vertical plate one and the vertical plate two are equal to the height of the regular polygon cylinder, so that the cross-sectional shape of the cobweb structure 303 is a cobweb shape at any position. A filler three 302 is filled between the cobweb structure 303 and the inner wall of the frustum thin-walled tube 304 and in each cavity inside the cobweb structure 303; every two adjacent frustum components 301 are coaxially fixed, and the frustum component 301 close to the double-direction mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer 2 contacts the adjacent clamping plate 201. Among them, the filler three 302 is made of foam plastic material.
[0033] As a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the outer shell 101 is 1 mm, and the distance between the outer shell and the inner thin-walled shell 106 is 2 mm.
[0034] As a preferred embodiment, the inner diameter of the fiber tube 104 is greater than the aperture of the through hole 102.
[0035] More preferably, the aperture of the through hole 103 is 0.6 mm, the inner diameter of the fiber tube 104 is 1.4 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.2 mm.
[0036] As a preferred embodiment, the distance between every two adjacent fiber tubes 104 is less than the distance between every two adjacent through holes 102.
[0037] As a preferred embodiment, the foamed metal material is foamed aluminum.
[0038] As a preferred embodiment, the outer edge of the lower bottom surface of the frustum-shaped thin-walled tube 304 contacts the inner wall of the inner thin-walled shell 106.
[0039] As a preferred embodiment, the thicknesses of the frustum-shaped thin-walled tube 304, the regular polygon column cylinder, the first vertical plate, and the second vertical plate in the spider web-like structure 303 are all 1.5 mm.
[0040] As a preferred embodiment, the foamed plastic material is polyurethane foamed plastic.
[0041] As a preferred embodiment, the outer shell 101, the inner thin-walled shell 106, each fiber tube 104, each clamping plate 201, and each frustum-shaped thin-walled tube 304 are all made of carbon fiber resin composite material, which is beneficial to improving the buffering capacity of the wheat stalk structure imitation housing 1, reducing the mass of the wheat stalk structure imitation housing 1, ensuring the lightness of the buffer headgear. In addition, the outer shell 101 made of carbon fiber resin composite material improves the corrosion resistance of the buffer headgear and extends the service life of the buffer headgear.
[0042] The working principle of the underwater vehicle high-speed water-entry buffer headgear with a multi-bionic buffer structure adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0043] Fix the ends of the outer shell 101 and the inner thin-walled shell 106 away from the two-way mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer 2 to the head of the underwater vehicle, and the head of the underwater vehicle contacts the lower bottom surface of the frustum assembly 301 on the coconut tree and spider web composite structure buffer layer 3 that is farthest from the two-way mantis shrimp sine structure buffer layer 2.
[0044] When the underwater vehicle enters the water, the impact energy generated by the impact of the outer shell 101 on the water surface is transmitted from the wheat-stem-structure-like housing 1 to the double-sided mantis shrimp sine-structure-like buffer layer 2, and then to the coconut-tree-and-spider-web composite-structure-like buffer layer 3. Among them, each through-hole 102 and each fiber tube 104 in the wheat-stem-structure-like housing 1 absorb part of the impact energy, and the first filler 103 slows down the vibration generated by the impact, buffering the impact on both sides when the underwater vehicle enters the water. Then, each splint 201 in the double-sided mantis shrimp sine-structure-like buffer layer 2 sequentially absorbs part of the impact energy transmitted from the wheat-stem-structure-like housing, and the second filler 203 slows down the vibration generated by the impact. Moreover, since the splint 201 adopts a double-sided mantis shrimp sine structure, the impact received by its local part can be evenly dispersed to the surrounding, avoiding stress concentration, and under the impact, it can quickly respond to the change of the load. Then, the third filler 302 and the spider-web-like structure 303 in each frustum component 301 in the coconut-tree-and-spider-web composite-structure-like buffer layer 3 gradually absorb the weakened and evenly distributed part of the impact energy transmitted from the double-sided mantis shrimp sine-structure-like buffer layer 2, greatly reducing the initial peak force it receives. And the spider-web-like structure in the frustum component can quickly disperse and absorb the impact energy, and the third filler further slows down the vibration generated by the impact. Furthermore, the impact energy received by the underwater vehicle is less, realizing the buffering and protection work of the underwater vehicle.
Claims
1. A high-speed water entry buffer head cap for underwater vehicles with multiple bionic buffer structures, characterized in that: It comprises a cover shell of a structure imitating wheat stalk, a bidirectional buffer layer of a sinusoidal structure imitating mantis shrimp and a buffer layer of a composite structure imitating coconut tree and spider web; the cover shell of the structure imitating wheat stalk comprises an outer shell and an inner thin-walled shell, both of which are bodies of revolution, and the heads of the outer shell and the inner thin-walled shell are both spherical, and the tails of the outer shell and the inner thin-walled shell are both cylindrical, the inner thin-walled shell is placed in the outer shell, coaxial with the outer shell and arranged at a distance, a filler 1 is filled between the inner thin-walled shell and the outer shell, and the inner side of the inner thin-walled shell is a cavity; the outer shell is provided with a plurality of through holes arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction, and the through holes are arranged along the busbar profile of the outer shell; the filler 1 is embedded with a plurality of fiber tubes evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the fiber tubes are arranged along the busbar profile of the inner thin-walled shell; The bidirectional mantis shrimp-like sinusoidal structure buffer layer is arranged at the spherical shape position of the cavity, and includes an interlayer and a filler 2; the interlayer is provided with a plurality of interlayers arranged at intervals along the rotation center line of the imitation wheat stalk structure cover shell, and is composed of two interlayered clamps arranged at intervals, and the shape of the clamp is a bidirectional mantis shrimp-like sinusoidal structure, and the outer edge of the clamp is in contact with the inner wall of the inner thin-wall shell; the space between each two adjacent clamps and between the clamp closest to the head and the head position of the inner thin-wall shell are filled with filler 2; The coconut tree and spider web composite structure buffer layer is arranged in the cavity and located at the tail of the bidirectional mantis shrimp sinusoidal structure buffer layer, and is composed of a plurality of truncated cone components stacked and arranged along the rotation center line of the wheat stalk structure cover shell; the truncated cone component includes a truncated cone thin-walled tube and a spider web structure, the upper bottom surface of the truncated cone thin-walled tube faces the tail of the bidirectional mantis shrimp sinusoidal structure buffer layer, a coaxially arranged spider web structure is fixed in the truncated cone thin-walled tube, and any cross-sectional shape of the spider web structure is spider web-shaped, and each cavity between the spider web structure and the inner wall of the truncated cone thin-walled tube and inside the spider web structure is filled with filler three; the end faces of each adjacent two truncated cone components are fixed, and the truncated cone component close to the bidirectional mantis shrimp sinusoidal structure buffer layer is in contact with the adjacent plywood.
2. The underwater vehicle high-speed water entry buffer head cap with multiple bionic buffer structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the fiber tube is larger than the aperture of the through hole.
3. The underwater vehicle high-speed water entry buffer head cap with multiple bionic buffer structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between each two adjacent fiber tubes is smaller than the distance between each two adjacent through holes.
4. The underwater vehicle high-speed water entry buffer head cap with multiple bionic buffer structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of each interlayer and the distance between every two adjacent interlayers increase from the head to the tail.
5. The underwater vehicle high-speed water entry buffer head cap with multiple bionic buffer structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler 1 and the filler 2 are both made of foam metal material.
6. The underwater vehicle high-speed water entry buffer head cap with multiple bionic buffer structures according to claim 5, characterized in that: The foam metal material is foam aluminum.
7. The underwater vehicle high-speed water entry buffer head cap with multiple bionic buffer structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer edge of the lower bottom surface of the truncated cone thin-walled tube contacts the inner wall of the inner thin-walled shell.
8. The underwater vehicle high-speed water entry buffer head cap with multiple bionic buffer structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler three is made of foam plastic material.
9. The underwater vehicle high-speed water entry buffer head cap with multiple bionic buffer structures according to claim 8, characterized in that: The foam plastic material is polyurethane foam plastic.
10. The underwater vehicle high-speed water entry buffer head cap with multiple bionic buffer structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell, the inner thin-wall shell, each fiber tube, each clamping plate and each frustum thin-wall tube are all made of carbon fiber resin composite material.