Preparation method of high-toughness alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic-based composite material

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-toughness alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic-based composite material, and belongs to the field of inorganic non-metallic materials. The lanthanum phosphate is adopted to modify the surface of the alumina fiber, so that the alumina fiber and the zirconia powder are better sintered and combined, and in the service process, the fiber is subjected to plastic change in a stress state, so that the stress concentration of the material is reduced, and the toughness of the material is enhanced. Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is adopted, so that the volume change caused by phase change of the material at a high-temperature stage is reduced, the high-temperature performance stability of the material is enhanced, and the service life of the material is prolonged. The alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic-based composite material prepared by the invention is uniform in interior, high in density, high in use temperature and good in high-temperature performance, the preparation method is simple, the operation is controllable, the production period is short, and the production cost can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for preparing a high-toughness alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material, belonging to the field of inorganic non-metallic materials. Background Art

[0002] In the high-temperature field, fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites have properties such as high temperature resistance, wear resistance, erosion resistance, high-temperature creep resistance, high toughness, and high oxidation resistance, and are widely used in fields such as aviation and nuclear energy.

[0003] Zirconia materials have the characteristics of high melting point, high high-temperature structural strength, good chemical stability, and erosion resistance. Selecting zirconia materials to prepare high-temperature materials has good usability and application value.

[0004] Alumina fibers have excellent properties such as good chemical corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, small thermal expansion coefficient, large thermal conductivity, and high strength. The alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material has excellent properties such as high strength, high toughness, and high thermal shock resistance, effectively improving the structural service life of the material.

[0005] At present, the preparation of alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composites mostly adopts methods such as slurry impregnation method, sol-gel method, and chemical vapor infiltration method. The toughening effect of the composites prepared by these methods is obvious, and the high-temperature performance has been improved to a certain extent. However, there are defects such as low efficiency, long preparation cycle, uneven material uniformity, and low density in the preparation process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] [Technical Problem]

[0007] Conventional alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composites have defects such as low efficiency, long preparation cycle, uneven material uniformity, and low density

[0008] [Technical Solution]

[0009] To solve the above problems, the present invention combines semi-dry pressing forming and hot pressing sintering to prepare an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material. Specifically, the present invention uses lanthanum phosphate to modify the surface of alumina fibers, so that the alumina fibers and zirconia powder can be better sintered and combined. During the service process, the fibers undergo plastic changes under the stress state, reducing the stress concentration of the material and enhancing the toughness of the material. The present invention uses yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) to reduce the volume change caused by material phase transformation at high temperature, enhance the high-temperature performance stability of the material, and increase the service life of the material. The alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material prepared by the present invention has uniform internal structure, high density, high use temperature, good high-temperature performance, and the preparation method is simple, the operation is controllable, the production cycle is short, and the production cost can be effectively reduced.

[0010] The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite, comprising the following steps:

[0011] (1) Immerse alumina fibers in a saturated LaPO 4 aqueous solution, and dry to obtain surface-modified alumina fibers; in the surface-modified alumina fibers, the mass ratio of LaPO 4 to alumina fibers is 6-8:100;

[0012] (2) By mass, mix 5-15 parts of surface-modified alumina fibers, 75-90 parts of yttria-stabilized zirconia, 0.5-4 parts of binder, 0.5-3 parts of dispersant, 0.5-3 parts of plasticizer and 5-10 parts of water to obtain a mixed powder; hot press, dry and sinter the mixed powder to obtain an alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, the alumina fibers in step (1) are continuous alumina fibers, purchased from Shanghai Rongrong New Material Technology Co., Ltd., with a fineness range of 55-400 Tex and a length range of 2 mm - 10 mm.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the saturated LaPO 4 solution in step (1) is a saturated LaPO 4 aqueous solution.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present invention, the immersion in step (1) is carried out at room temperature (20-30 °C) for 100-120 min.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of LaPO 4 to alumina fibers in step (1) is 6-8:100.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present invention, the drying in step (1) is carried out at 60-80 °C for 6-8 h.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, the hot pressing pressure in step (2) is 5-10 MPA.

[0019] In an embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) in step (2) is 90-110 nm.

[0020] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the binder is polyvinyl alcohol; the plasticizer is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the dispersant is one of ammonium polyacrylate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present invention, the drying in step (2) is first natural drying, and then drying at 60-80 °C for 6-8 h.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature sintering in step (2) is sintering at 1200-1400 °C for 2-4 h.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present invention, LaPO 4 and alumina fiber preferably have a mass ratio of 6:100;

[0024] The formulation of the mixed powder is preferably 5 parts of surface-modified alumina fiber, 90 parts of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), 3.6 parts of PVA, 0.9 part of CMC, 0.9 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5 parts of water mixed evenly;

[0025] The hot pressing pressure is preferably 9 MPa; the sintering conditions are preferably holding at 1400 °C for 4 hours.

[0026] The second object of the present invention is an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite prepared by the method of the present invention.

[0027] The third object of the present invention is the application of the alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite of the present invention in the aviation field.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present invention, the aviation field described above includes the preparation of wings, fuselages, etc.

[0029] The fourth object of the present invention is a method for improving the mechanical properties of an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite, which is characterized by including the steps of:

[0030] (1) Immerse alumina fiber in a saturated LaPO 4 aqueous solution, and dry to obtain surface-modified alumina fiber; in the surface-modified alumina fiber, the mass ratio of LaPO 4 and alumina fiber is 6-8:100;

[0031] (2) By mass, mix 5-15 parts of surface-modified alumina fiber, 75-90 parts of yttria-stabilized zirconia, 0.5-4 parts of binder, 0.5-3 parts of dispersant, 0.5-3 parts of plasticizer and 5-10 parts of water to obtain a mixed powder; hot press and sinter the mixed powder to obtain an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, the alumina fiber in step (1) is a continuous alumina fiber, purchased from Shanghai Rongrong New Material Technology Co., Ltd., with a fineness range of 55-400 Tex and a length range of 2 mm - 10 mm.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present invention, the saturated LaPO 4 solution in step (1) is a saturated LaPO 4 aqueous solution.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present invention, the impregnation in step (1) is carried out at room temperature (20 - 30 °C) for 100 - 120 min.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of LaPO 4 to the alumina fiber in step (1) is 6 - 8:100.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present invention, the drying in step (1) is carried out at 60 - 80 °C for 6 - 8 h.

[0037] In an embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) in step (2) is 90 - 110 nm.

[0038] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the binder is polyvinyl alcohol; the plasticizer is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the dispersant is one of ammonium polyacrylate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, the drying in step (2) is first natural drying, and then drying at 60 - 80 °C for 6 - 8 h.

[0040] In an embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature sintering in step (2) is carried out at 1200 - 1400 °C for 2 - 4 h.

[0041] [Beneficial effects]

[0042] (1) The present invention uses lanthanum phosphate to modify the surface of alumina fibers to obtain modified alumina fibers; the modified alumina fibers as toughening materials can effectively increase the high-temperature fracture toughness of the material. At the same time, lanthanum phosphate can improve the sintering bonding ability between alumina fibers and zirconia powder, increase the density of the material, effectively maintain the mechanical properties of the fibers, with a density reaching 4.1 g / cm 3 or more, and the fracture toughness reaching 13.6 MPa·m 1 / 2 .

[0043] (2) The present invention combines the semi-dry mechanical pressing forming process and the hot pressing sintering process, which can effectively inhibit the problems of green body rebound and cracking during the drying and firing processes of the material, and prepares a composite material with uniform density, no defects, and high density, giving full play to the role of fibers in toughening and strengthening the material, and ensuring that the composite material has high mechanical properties and fracture toughness.

[0044] (3) The method of the present invention is simple and can prepare special-shaped products according to needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a macroscopic schematic diagram of an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material, where the continuous line is the alumina fiber and the dots represent the powder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0046] The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments are for better explaining the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0047] The macroscopic schematic diagram of the alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material of the present invention is as Figure 1 shown. As can be seen in the figure, the fibers are evenly distributed as a whole, the powder is filled between the fibers, and the overall structure of the material is uniform and dense. When the composite material is under load, cracks will occur in the material. When the cracks propagate to the fibers, the fibers will bear part of the load, further inducing toughening mechanisms such as interface debonding, fiber bridging, and pull-out, effectively achieving the balance of high strength and high toughness of the composite material.

[0048] Testing method:

[0049] 1. Testing of density:

[0050] The density of the material is measured by the volume method. According to the national standard QB / T1642-1992, the material is made into a regular shape, the mass is weighed by an analytical balance (accurate to 0.01 g), the length and height of the material are measured by a vernier caliper, and the density of the material is obtained by calculation.

[0051] 2. Testing of fracture toughness:

[0052] The surface crack flexure beam (SCF) method (GB / T 44537-2024) is used to test the fracture toughness of the composite material.

[0053] Raw materials used in the examples:

[0054] Alumina fiber: continuous alumina fiber, purchased from Shanghai Rongrong New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., with a fineness range of 55 - 400 Tex and a length range of 2 mm - 10 mm.

[0055] The particle sizes of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) are 100 nm, 300 nm, 500 nm, and 800 nm, and it is purchased from Forsman Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.

[0056] Saturated LaPO 4 The solution is saturated LaPO 4 aqueous solution.

[0057] PVA is purchased from Shandong Quantai Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0058] CMC is purchased from Qingdao Tianya Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0059] PAA-NH 4 is purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd.

[0060] The parts mentioned in the examples are all parts by mass. If the solvent is not specifically specified, water is used as the solvent.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] A method for preparing alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite, comprising the following steps:

[0063] (1) Surface modification of alumina fiber:

[0064] Mix LaPO 4 and water evenly to obtain saturated LaPO 4 solution;

[0065] Immerse the alumina fiber in the saturated LaPO 4 solution at room temperature for 120 min, then take it out and dry it at 60 °C for 8 h to obtain surface-modified alumina fiber;

[0066] Among them, in the surface-modified alumina fiber, the mass ratio of LaPO 4 to alumina fiber is 8:100;

[0067] (2) Semi-dry pressing forming:

[0068] Mix 15 parts of surface-modified alumina fiber, 75 parts of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), 3 parts of PVA, 0.75 parts of CMC, 0.75 parts of PAA-NH 4 and 10 parts of water evenly to obtain a mixed powder; then put the mixed powder into a hot pressing mold and press it into shape at 5 MPa, and fasten the hot pressing mold; then dry it naturally for 24 hours and then put it into a drying oven and dry it at a drying temperature of 80 °C for 6 hours; obtain a hot pressing mold containing a green body;

[0069] (3) High-temperature sintering:

[0070] Put the hot pressing mold containing the green body into a high-temperature sintering furnace, keep it at 1200 °C for 4 hours, and then cool it down to room temperature to obtain the alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] A method for preparing an alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material includes the following steps:

[0073] (1) Surface modification of alumina fibers:

[0074] Mix LaPO 4 and water evenly to obtain a saturated LaPO 4 solution;

[0075] Immerse the alumina fibers in the saturated LaPO 4 solution at room temperature for 120 min, then take them out and dry them at 60 °C for 8 h to obtain surface-modified alumina fibers;

[0076] Among them, in the surface-modified alumina fibers, the mass ratio of LaPO 4 to alumina fibers is 8:100;

[0077] (2) Semi-dry mechanical pressing forming:

[0078] Mix 5 parts of surface-modified alumina fibers, 90 parts of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), 3.6 parts of PVA, 0.9 part of CMC, 0.9 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5 parts of water evenly to obtain a mixed powder; then put the powder into a hot pressing mold and mechanically press it into shape at 9 MPa, and fasten the hot pressing mold; then let it dry naturally for 48 hours, and then put it into a drying oven and dry it at a drying temperature of 60 °C for 8 hours; obtain a hot pressing mold containing a green body;

[0079] (3) High-temperature sintering:

[0080] Put the hot pressing mold containing the green body into a high-temperature sintering furnace, keep it at 1400 °C for 4 hours, and then cool it down to room temperature to obtain the alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] A method for preparing an alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material includes the following steps:

[0083] (1) Surface modification of alumina fibers:

[0084] Mix LaPO 4 and water evenly to obtain a saturated LaPO 4 solution;

[0085] Immerse alumina fibers in a saturated LaPO solution at room temperature for 120 min, then take them out and dry at 70 °C for 8 h to obtain surface-modified alumina fibers; 4 Among them, the mass ratio of LaPO to alumina fibers is 6:100;

[0086] Among them, the mass ratio of LaPO to alumina fibers is 6:100; 4 Among them, the mass ratio of LaPO to alumina fibers is 6:100;

[0087] (2) Semi-dry mechanical pressing:

[0088] Mix 5 parts of surface-modified alumina fibers, 75 parts of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), 3 parts of PVA, 2.25 parts of CMC, 0.75 part of sodium hexametaphosphate and 5 parts of water evenly to obtain a mixed powder; then put the mixed powder into a hot pressing mold and mechanically press it at 8 MPa to fasten the hot pressing mold; then naturally dry for 36 hours and then put it into a drying oven and dry at a drying temperature of 70 °C for 7 hours; obtain a hot pressing mold containing a green body;

[0089] (3) High-temperature sintering:

[0090] Put the hot pressing mold containing the green body into a high-temperature sintering furnace, keep it at 1300 °C for 4 hours, and cool it to room temperature to obtain an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite.

[0091] Example 4

[0092] A method for preparing an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite, comprising the following steps:

[0093] (1) Surface modification of alumina fibers:

[0094] Mix LaPO and water evenly to obtain a saturated LaPO solution; 4 Mix LaPO and water evenly to obtain a saturated LaPO solution; 4 solution;

[0095] Immerse alumina fibers in a saturated LaPO solution at room temperature for 120 min, then take them out and dry at 60 °C for 6 h to obtain surface-modified alumina fibers; 4 Immerse alumina fibers in a saturated LaPO solution at room temperature for 120 min, then take them out and dry at 60 °C for 6 h to obtain surface-modified alumina fibers;

[0096] Among them, the mass ratio of LaPO to alumina fibers is 6:100; 4 Among them, the mass ratio of LaPO to alumina fibers is 6:100;

[0097] (2) Semi-dry mechanical pressing:

[0098] Mix 5 parts of surface-modified alumina fibers, 80 parts of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), 0.8 part of PVA, 1.6 parts of CMC, 2.4 parts of PAA-NH 4Mix evenly with 5 parts of water to obtain a mixed powder; then put the mixed powder into a hot pressing mold, press and form it under 7 MPa, and fasten the hot pressing mold; then dry it naturally for 36 hours, put it into a drying oven, and dry it at a drying temperature of 60 °C for 7 hours; obtain a hot pressing mold containing a green body.

[0099] (3) High-temperature sintering:

[0100] Put the hot pressing mold containing the green body into a high-temperature sintering furnace, keep it at 1200 °C for 2 hours, and cool it to room temperature to obtain an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite.

[0101] Perform performance tests on the alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite obtained in the example, and the test results are as follows:

[0102] Table 1

[0103] Example <![CDATA[Density (g / cm 3 )]]> <![CDATA[Fracture toughness (MPa·m 1 / 2 )]]> 1 4.1 13.6 2 4.6 15.5 3 4.3 14.7 4 4.1 14.1

[0104] Table 1 shows the test results of the density and fracture toughness of the alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite. It can be seen from Table 1 that the density of the alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite is above 4.1 g / cm 3 and the fracture toughness is above 13.6 MPa·m 1 / 2 .

[0105] Example 5

[0106] Adjust the pressure of the press forming in step (2) of Example 2 to 5 MPa, 7 MPa, and 10 MPa, and keep the others the same as in Example 2 to obtain an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite.

[0107] Perform performance tests on the obtained alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite, and the test results are as follows:

[0108] Table 2

[0109] Pressure <![CDATA[Density (g / cm 3 )]]> <![CDATA[Fracture toughness (MPa·m 1 / 2 )]]> 9 (Example 2) 4.6 15.5 5 4.2 13.9 7 4.1 15.5 10 4.7 13.4

[0110] Example 6

[0111] Adjust the dosage of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) in step (2) of Example 2 to 70, 80, and 95, and keep the others the same as in Example 2 to obtain an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite.

[0112] Perform performance tests on the obtained alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite, and the test results are as follows:

[0113] Table 3

[0114] Ratio or dosage <![CDATA[Density (g / cm 3 )]]> <![CDATA[Fracture toughness (MPa·m 1 / 2 )]]> 90 (Example 2) 4.6 15.5 70 3.9 13.2 80 4.3 14.9 95 4.6 15.1

[0115] Comparative Example 1

[0116] Prepared by the slurry impregnation method, specifically as follows:

[0117] (1) Surface modification of alumina fiber: Mix LaPO 4 and water evenly to obtain a saturated LaPO 4 solution; Immerse the alumina fiber in the saturated LaPO 4 solution at room temperature for 120 min, then take it out and dry it at 60 °C for 8 h to obtain surface-modified alumina fiber; Among them, the mass ratio of LaPO 4 to alumina fiber is 8:100;

[0118] (2) Ball-mill yttria-stabilized zirconia powder, alumina fiber and water, and mix evenly to obtain a stable slurry, and the solid content of the slurry is 45 - 60 vol%;

[0119] (3) Pour the slurry into a mold, dry it, and sinter it to finally obtain an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite. Among them, the drying temperature is 60 °C, the drying time is 8 h, the firing temperature is 1400 °C, and the heat preservation time is 4 h.

[0120] Perform performance tests on the obtained alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite, and the test results are as follows:

[0121] The density of the alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite prepared by the slurry impregnation method is 3.9 g / cm 3 , and the fracture toughness is 12.7 MPa·m 1 / 2 , which are significantly lower than those of the alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite prepared in the examples.

[0122] Comparative Example 2

[0123] Adjust the particle sizes of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) in step (2) of Example 2 to 300 nm, 500 nm, and 800 nm respectively, and keep the others the same as in Example 2 to obtain an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite.

[0124] Perform performance tests on the obtained alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite, and the test results are as follows:

[0125] Table 4

[0126] Nanoparticle <![CDATA[Density (g / cm 3 )]]> <![CDATA[Fracture toughness (MPa·m 1 / 2 )]]> YSZ (100 nm, Example 2) 4.6 15.5 YSZ (300 nm) 4.6 15.1 YSZ (500 nm) 4.8 14.5 YSZ (800 nm) 5.1 13.9

[0127] It can be seen that changing the particle size of YSZ will affect the mechanical properties of the obtained alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite, and when the particle size is 100 nm, the effect is the best.

[0128] Comparative Example 3

[0129] In Example 2, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) in step (2) was adjusted to mullite, and the others were kept the same as in Example 2, to obtain an alumina fiber-reinforced mullite ceramic matrix composite material.

[0130] The obtained alumina fiber-reinforced mullite ceramic matrix composite material was subjected to performance tests. The results showed that the density was 3.1 g / cm 3 , and the fracture toughness was 13.9 MPa·m 1 / 2 .

[0131] It can be seen that the mechanical properties of the composite material prepared by using mullite to replace yttria-stabilized zirconia are poor.

[0132] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this technology can make various modifications and decorations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) immersing alumina fibers in a saturated LaPO4 aqueous solution and drying to obtain surface-modified alumina fibers; in the surface-modified alumina fibers, the mass ratio of LaPO4 to alumina fibers is 6 to 8:100; (2) Mix 5 to 15 parts by mass of surface-modified alumina fibers, 75 to 90 parts by mass of yttria-stabilized zirconia, 0.5 to 4 parts by mass of a binder, 0.5 to 3 parts by mass of a dispersant, 0.5 to 3 parts by mass of a plasticizer to obtain a mixed powder; and hot-press, dry, and sinter the mixed powder to obtain an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The impregnation in step (1) is carried out at room temperature for 100 to 120 minutes; and the drying in step (1) is carried out at 60 to 80° C. for 6 to 8 hours.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The particle size of the yttria-stabilized zirconia in step (2) is 90 to 110 nm.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the binder is polyvinyl alcohol; the plasticizer is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; and the dispersant is one of ammonium polyacrylate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (2), the high temperature sintering is carried out at 1200-1400° C. for 2-4 hours; In step (2), the drying is firstly natural drying and then drying at 60-80° C. for 6-8 hours.

6. Alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material according to claim 6 in the aviation field.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The aviation field includes the preparation of wings and fuselages.

9. A method for improving the mechanical properties of alumina fiber reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite materials, characterized in that: Includes steps: (1) immersing alumina fibers in a saturated LaPO4 aqueous solution and drying to obtain surface-modified alumina fibers; in the surface-modified alumina fibers, the mass ratio of LaPO4 to alumina fibers is 6 to 8:100; (2) Mix 5 to 15 parts by mass of surface-modified alumina fibers, 75 to 90 parts by mass of yttria-stabilized zirconia, 0.5 to 4 parts by mass of a binder, 0.5 to 3 parts by mass of a dispersant, 0.5 to 3 parts by mass of a plasticizer to obtain a mixed powder; and hot-press and sinter the mixed powder to obtain an alumina fiber-reinforced zirconia ceramic matrix composite material.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The impregnation in step (1) is carried out at room temperature for 100 to 120 minutes; the drying in step (1) is carried out at 60 to 80° C. for 6 to 8 hours; In step (1), drying is performed at 60 to 80° C. for 6 to 8 hours; The particle size of the yttria-stabilized zirconia in step (2) is 90 to 110 nm; In step (2), the binder is polyvinyl alcohol; the plasticizer is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; The dispersant is one of ammonium polyacrylate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate; In step (2), the high temperature sintering is carried out at 1200-1400° C. for 2-4 hours; In step (2), the drying is firstly natural drying and then drying at 60-80°C for 6-8h.

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