A seawall ecological slope protection structure and construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of seawall slope protection, and in particular to a seawall ecological slope protection structure and construction method. The present invention obtains surface images of a block stone area at different times, determines the pore fluctuation characterization value of the block stone area, and screens the block stone settlement risk area, precasts precast concrete fence panels, and knocks the precast precast concrete fence panels that have been precast in the block stone settlement risk area to obtain vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence panels. According to the vibration intensity fluctuation curves, the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panels is determined, and the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panels is determined to select an adjustment method for casting the precast concrete fence panels. Furthermore, the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer can be monitored in time during the construction process, and the subsequent construction process can be adaptively adjusted to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seawall slope protection, and in particular to a seawall ecological slope protection structure and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Seawalls are crucial engineering structures for coastal areas to defend against marine disasters such as storm surges and wave erosion. Seawall slope protection is a crucial component of seawalls, protecting the main structure from direct scouring and erosion by waves. Sloping seawalls are widely used as a key line of defense against marine disasters and safeguarding land safety. Their gentle slope and minimal wave reflection effectively reduce wave energy and ensure stability in the area behind the embankment. During the construction of seawall ecological slope protection, the quality of the outer slope protection plays a key role in the stability and durability of the entire slope protection structure. The stone cushion layer, as the foundation of the slope protection structure, evenly distributes the loads transmitted from the superstructure and enhances the slope protection's scouring resistance. However, localized settlement of the stone cushion layer is unavoidable during construction. This can directly affect the placement of the pre-installed fence panels on the slope protection surface, thereby compromising the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection. Therefore, monitoring the settlement of the stone cushion layer, promptly adjusting subsequent construction, and improving the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection are urgent technical issues that need to be addressed.

[0003] For example, China Patent Authorization Announcement No.: CN116791520B, the invention discloses an ecological seawall slope protection structure and construction method, including a main body, a water inlet channel is opened at the bottom of one end of the main body, the middle part of the other end of the main body is connected to a partition assembly by a threaded structure, the partition assembly is slidably sleeved on the end away from the main body by a cross bar, and the ends of the cross bar are respectively sleeved on a support extension and a fixed seat; a wave-breaking plate is hinged on the top of the main body close to the water inlet channel, and a support assembly is hinged on one side of the wave-breaking plate, and the end of the support assembly is slidably connected to the main body away from the wave-breaking plate. The main body can be assembled by splicing, which can be used for seawalls of different lengths; the length-adjustable partition assembly can divide the surface area of ​​the seawall, and the seawater rushing into the water inlet channel, the impact force of the seawater passes through the one-way valve, drives the air inside the water inlet channel to flow, and then drives the piston in the buffer channel to move.

[0004] The following problems also exist in the prior art:

[0005] The existing technology does not take into account that during actual construction, local settlement of the block stone cushion layer is difficult to completely avoid, and the local settlement phenomenon will affect the pouring effect of the slope protection surface. During the construction process, the existing technology cannot timely monitor the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer, and cannot adaptively adjust the subsequent construction process, affecting the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides a seawall ecological slope protection structure and construction method to overcome the problem that the existing technology cannot timely monitor the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer during the construction process, cannot adaptively adjust the subsequent construction process, and affects the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a seawall ecological slope protection construction method, comprising:

[0008] Lay non-woven geotextiles, bidirectional geogrids and block stone cushions in the area where the seawall ecological slope protection is to be built;

[0009] Dividing the block rock cushion into a plurality of block rock areas, acquiring surface images of the block rock areas at different times within a preset image acquisition period, determining pore fluctuation characterization values ​​of the block rock areas based on the surface images at different times, and screening block rock settlement risk areas according to the pore fluctuation characterization values;

[0010] placing a plurality of precast concrete fence panels on the block stone cushion layer with staggered joints and pre-casting them;

[0011] tapping a precast concrete fence panel that has been precast in the rock settlement risk area to obtain vibration intensity fluctuation curves at several points on the precast concrete fence panel, determining a bonding characteristic factor of the precast concrete fence panel based on the several vibration intensity fluctuation curves, and determining a bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel based on the bonding characteristic factor;

[0012] selecting an adjustment method for pouring precast concrete fence panels in a rock block settlement risk area based on the abnormal bonding tendency category, the adjustment method comprising determining a bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panels based on a vibration intensity fluctuation curve, and determining a vibration frequency during pouring of the precast concrete fence panels based on the bonding shedding coefficient;

[0013] Alternatively, a settlement coefficient is determined based on a vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels, and a pouring sequence of the precast concrete fence panels is determined according to the settlement coefficient.

[0014] Further, determining the pore fluctuation characterization value of the stone block area includes:

[0015] Surface images at several moments within a preset image acquisition period are acquired, the absolute values ​​of the differences in pore areas between surface images at adjacent moments are calculated, and the variance of the absolute values ​​of the differences is determined as the pore fluctuation characterization value.

[0016] Furthermore, the risk areas for rock subsidence are screened to include:

[0017] If the pore fluctuation characterization value meets the settlement risk determination condition, the rock block area is screened as a rock block settlement risk area;

[0018] The settlement risk determination condition is that the pore fluctuation characterization value exceeds a preset pore fluctuation reference value.

[0019] Furthermore, determining the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0020] The overlap between the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of each point on the precast concrete fence plate and the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the remaining points is calculated respectively, and the variance of the overlap is determined as the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence plate;

[0021] The rectangular coordinate system where the vibration intensity fluctuation curve is located has time as the horizontal axis and vibration intensity as the vertical axis.

[0022] Furthermore, the process of determining the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0023] If the bonding characteristic factor of the precast concrete fence panel meets the first bonding tendency determination condition, then determining that the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel is the first bonding tendency category;

[0024] If the bonding characteristic factor of the precast concrete fence panel does not meet the first bonding tendency determination condition, then determining that the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel is the second bonding tendency category;

[0025] The first bonding tendency determination condition is that the bonding characterization factor does not exceed a preset bonding characterization factor reference value.

[0026] Further, the selected adjustment method for pouring the precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0027] If the abnormal bonding tendency category is the first bonding tendency category, determining the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, and determining the vibration frequency when pouring the precast concrete fence panel according to the bonding shedding coefficient;

[0028] If the abnormal bonding tendency category is the second bonding tendency category, a settlement coefficient is determined based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels, and a casting order of each precast concrete fence panel is determined according to the settlement coefficient.

[0029] Furthermore, the process of determining the bonding coefficient and vibration frequency of the precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0030] Obtaining the vibration intensity value corresponding to each data point on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, marking the time on the horizontal axis of the rectangular coordinate system corresponding to the first data point whose vibration intensity value does not exceed the preset vibration intensity reference value, and determining the duration of the time and the initial acquisition time of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve as the bonding shedding factor;

[0031] Obtaining bonding shedding factors corresponding to vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence panel, and determining an average value of the bonding shedding factors as the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel;

[0032] The vibration frequency is positively correlated with the bonding coefficient.

[0033] Further, determining the sedimentation coefficient includes,

[0034] Calculating the difference between the vibration intensity value at each peak on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve and the vibration intensity value at a trough adjacent to the peak, and determining the maximum value of the difference as the sedimentation factor of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve;

[0035] The settlement factors corresponding to the vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence plate are obtained, and the average value of the settlement factors is determined as the settlement coefficient of the precast concrete fence plate.

[0036] Furthermore, the order in which the precast concrete fence panels are successively cast is consistent with the order in which the settlement coefficients of the precast concrete fence panels are from large to small.

[0037] The present invention also provides a seawall ecological slope protection structure, comprising:

[0038] External slope protection, which includes non-woven geotextiles to separate the soil and the bedding material, bidirectional geogrids to distribute the load, stone bedding for drainage, and precast concrete fence panels to withstand wave impact;

[0039] The wave-breaking wall is arranged on the upper part of the outer slope protection surface to prevent waves from impacting the embankment.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention lays non-woven geotextiles, bidirectional geogrids, and block stone cushion layers in the area where the seawall ecological slope protection is to be constructed, divides the block stone cushion layer into several block stone areas, obtains surface images of the block stone area at different times within a preset image acquisition period, determines the pore fluctuation characterization value of the block stone area based on the surface images at different times, so as to screen the block stone settlement risk area, places several precast concrete fence panels on the block stone cushion layer with staggered joints, precasts the precast concrete fence panels, and completes the precasting in the block stone settlement risk area. The poured precast concrete fence panels are knocked to obtain the vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence panels within a preset collection period, the bonding characterization factors of the precast concrete fence panels are determined based on the several vibration intensity fluctuation curves, the bonding abnormality tendency categories of the precast concrete fence panels are determined based on the bonding characterization factors, and the adjustment method for pouring the precast concrete fence panels is selected based on the bonding abnormality tendency categories. Thus, in the construction process, the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer is timely monitored, and the subsequent construction process is adaptively adjusted to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0041] In particular, the present invention determines the pore fluctuation characterization value of the stone area through surface images at different times to screen the stone settlement risk area. It can be understood that by analyzing images at different times within a preset image acquisition period, the pore changes of the stone cushion layer can be obtained in real time, and the pore fluctuation information can be captured in time to provide a basis for taking timely measures. There is no need to directly contact the stone cushion layer, which avoids damage and interference to the cushion layer structure. The absolute value of the difference in pore area between surface images at adjacent times is calculated within the preset image acquisition period to reflect the actual change in pores in the stone area. The change in pore area is closely related to the settlement and movement of the stone blocks. At the same time, the settlement risk areas are screened based on the comparison between the pore fluctuation characterization value and the preset pore fluctuation reference value. It can issue an early warning before the stone block settlement develops to a serious level, thereby avoiding serious consequences such as tilting, cracking and even collapse of the wave-breaking wall caused by the stone block settlement. The present invention determines the pore fluctuation characterization value of the stone block area through surface images at different times to screen the stone block settlement risk area, thereby realizing timely monitoring of the settlement risk of the stone block cushion layer during the construction process and improving the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0042] In particular, the present invention pre-casts precast concrete fence panels, knocks on the precast concrete fence panels that have been pre-cast in the block rock settlement risk area, and obtains several vibration intensity fluctuation curves. It can be understood that pre-casting is convenient for discovering and solving possible quality problems in advance, thereby ensuring the flatness of the precast concrete fence panels and improving the overall project quality. The knocking operation is performed in the block rock settlement risk area to obtain the vibration intensity fluctuation curve. The vibration characteristics can be used to characterize whether there is a falling-off phenomenon in the casting bond between the precast concrete fence panel and the block rock cushion layer. The vibration intensity fluctuation of the fence panel under the action of knocking will vary depending on the bonding state. By analyzing the change in vibration intensity, it can be determined whether there is an abnormality in the bonding, providing a basis for subsequent construction adjustments. By selecting several points on the precast concrete fence panel to obtain the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, a more comprehensive detection of the bonding condition can be performed, which improves the detection efficiency and helps to timely discover construction hazards. Furthermore, it is achieved that during the construction process, the casting bonding condition between the components is timely monitored, thereby improving the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0043] In particular, the present invention determines the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel through several vibration intensity fluctuation curves to determine the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel. It can be understood that calculating the overlap variance of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve as the bonding characterization factor can quantitatively reflect the consistency of the vibration characteristics of each point on the precast concrete fence panel, and can be identified shortly after the precast concrete fence panel is cast, so as to facilitate timely measures to deal with it and avoid exposing the problem after the seawall is put into use, thereby achieving early warning and ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the seawall ecological slope protection project. The adjustment method for casting the precast concrete fence panel according to the bonding abnormality tendency category can optimize the construction process, make the installation and casting of the fence panel more scientific and reasonable, further ensure the quality of the project, and thus realize timely monitoring of the casting and bonding conditions between the components during the construction process, thereby improving the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0044] In particular, the present invention determines the bonding and shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve under the condition of the first bonding tendency category, so as to determine the vibration frequency when the precast concrete fence panel is poured. It can be understood that the first bonding tendency category indicates that the state of the precast concrete fence panel as a whole during the pouring process is relatively uniform, but there is still a settlement risk in the block stone cushion area. Reasonable adjustment of the vibration frequency according to the bonding and shedding coefficient can enable the concrete to reach the optimal dense state at different fence panel positions, which helps the concrete to better fill the gap between the fence panel and the block stone cushion, increase the bonding area and bonding force between the two, and when the concrete is dense and fully fills the gap, it can effectively transfer the load, improve the overall structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection, and reduce the risk of loosening or falling of the fence panel due to weak bonding. Furthermore, it is achieved that the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer is monitored in time during the construction process, and the subsequent construction process is adaptively adjusted to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0045] In particular, under the second bonding tendency category condition, the present invention determines the settlement coefficient based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels to determine the casting order of each precast concrete fence panel. It can be understood that the second bonding tendency category indicates that the casting conditions of different areas of the precast concrete fence panels are different during the casting process. The settlement coefficient can characterize the peak characteristics of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve on the precast concrete fence panels. By analyzing the peak characteristics to determine the casting order, the fence panels in different conditions can be constructed in a targeted manner, and the fence panels in complex conditions can be dealt with first, so that key issues can be solved in the early stage of construction. Key problems can be solved to avoid the construction progress being hindered due to the accumulation of problems in the later stage. A reasonable pouring sequence can reduce the number of repeated work and adjustments during the construction process and improve the overall construction efficiency. At the same time, a reasonable arrangement of the pouring sequence according to the vibration characteristics of the fence panels can help the concrete better adapt to the stress and deformation of different fence panels during the pouring process. Fence panels with large settlement and special vibration characteristics are poured and fixed first. These areas can be strengthened and adjusted in the early stage, so that the subsequently poured fence panels can work better with the already poured parts, thereby enhancing the structural integrity and stability of the seawall ecological slope protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 A diagram showing the steps of a method for constructing a seawall ecological slope protection according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a logic flow chart for screening rock subsidence risk areas according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 A logic flow chart for determining the abnormal bonding tendency category of precast concrete fence panels according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 A logic flow chart for selecting an adjustment method for pouring precast concrete fence panels according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0051] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0053] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0054] See also Figure 1 As shown, it is a step diagram of the seawall ecological slope protection construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention. A seawall ecological slope protection construction method according to the present invention includes:

[0055] Step S100: Laying non-woven geotextile, bidirectional geogrid, and block stone cushion in the area where the seawall ecological slope protection is to be constructed;

[0056] Step S200: dividing the rock cushion into a plurality of rock areas, acquiring surface images of the rock areas at different times within a preset image acquisition period, determining pore fluctuation characterization values ​​of the rock areas based on the surface images at different times, and screening rock settlement risk areas based on the pore fluctuation characterization values;

[0057] Specifically, the block gravel area can be divided by those skilled in the art according to the specific size of the precast concrete fence panels on the outer slope protection surface. Preferably, when the specific size of the precast concrete fence panels is 2m×1.5m, the block gravel area can include 6 precast concrete fence panels.

[0058] Specifically, the preset image acquisition period can be set by technical personnel in this field according to the construction accuracy requirements of the seawall ecological slope protection. The higher the accuracy requirement, the longer the preset image acquisition period. The value range of the preset image acquisition period can be [3, 8], and the interval unit is h. Preferably, the preset image acquisition period can be 4 hours after the stone cushion layer is laid.

[0059] Step S300, placing a plurality of precast concrete fence panels on the block stone cushion layer with staggered joints and pre-casting;

[0060] Specifically, precast concrete fence panels are prefabricated in a factory or prefabrication yard outside the construction site and transported to the construction site for installation. The production process usually uses steel molds and mechanical vibration to ensure the density of the concrete. The production efficiency is high and the quality is easy to control. It is widely used in the construction of seawall ecological slope protection and will not be repeated here.

[0061] Specifically, staggered placement means that when laying precast concrete fence panels, the horizontal joints of adjacent fence panels are staggered and not on the same straight line, so that the connection between the fence panels is tighter and the force transmission is more uniform, thereby enhancing the stability of the entire structure. I will not go into details here.

[0062] Step S400: tapping a precast concrete fence panel that has been precast in the rock settlement risk area to obtain vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence panel, determining a bonding characteristic factor of the precast concrete fence panel based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curves, and determining a bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel based on the bonding characteristic factor;

[0063] Specifically, the precast concrete fence panel can be set with 5 points to obtain the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, which can be set at the center position and edge position of the precast concrete fence panel.

[0064] Specifically, the present invention pre-casts precast concrete fence panels, knocks on the precast concrete fence panels that have been pre-cast in the block rock settlement risk area, and obtains several vibration intensity fluctuation curves. It can be understood that pre-casting facilitates the early discovery and resolution of possible quality problems, thereby ensuring the flatness of the precast concrete fence panels and improving the overall project quality. The knocking operation is performed in the block rock settlement risk area to obtain the vibration intensity fluctuation curve. The vibration characteristics can be used to characterize whether there is a peeling phenomenon in the casting bond between the precast concrete fence panels and the block rock cushion layer. The vibration intensity fluctuation of the fence panels under the action of knocking will vary depending on the bonding state. By analyzing the changes in vibration intensity, it can be determined whether there is an abnormality in the bonding, providing a basis for subsequent construction adjustments. By selecting several points on the precast concrete fence panels to obtain the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, a more comprehensive detection of the bonding condition can be performed, which improves the detection efficiency and helps to timely discover construction hazards. Furthermore, it is achieved that the casting bonding condition between the components is timely monitored during the construction process, thereby improving the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0065] Step S500, selecting an adjustment method for pouring precast concrete fence panels in a rock block settlement risk area according to the abnormal bonding tendency category;

[0066] The adjustment method is to determine the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, and determine the vibration frequency when pouring the precast concrete fence panel according to the bonding shedding coefficient;

[0067] Alternatively, a settlement coefficient is determined based on a vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels, and a pouring sequence of the precast concrete fence panels is determined according to the settlement coefficient.

[0068] Specifically, determining the pore fluctuation characterization value of the block stone area includes:

[0069] Surface images at several moments within a preset image acquisition period are acquired, the absolute values ​​of the differences in pore areas between surface images at adjacent moments are calculated, and the variance of the absolute values ​​of the differences is determined as the pore fluctuation characterization value.

[0070] Specifically, the interval between adjacent moments in the preset image acquisition period can be 30 minutes. The surface image can be obtained by an industrial camera, and the pore area of ​​the surface image can be obtained using an edge algorithm to determine the pore fluctuation characterization value, which will not be repeated here.

[0071] Specifically, see Figure 2 As shown, it is a logic flow chart of screening the rock settlement risk area according to an embodiment of the present invention. Screening the rock settlement risk area includes:

[0072] If the pore fluctuation characterization value meets the settlement risk determination condition, the rock block area is screened as a rock block settlement risk area;

[0073] If the pore fluctuation characterization value does not meet the settlement risk determination condition, the block stone area will not be screened;

[0074] The settlement risk determination condition is that the pore fluctuation characterization value exceeds a preset pore fluctuation reference value.

[0075] Specifically, the preset pore fluctuation reference value can be set by technical personnel in this field according to the construction accuracy requirements of the seawall ecological slope protection. The higher the accuracy requirement, the smaller the preset pore fluctuation reference value. The value range of the pore fluctuation reference value can be [0.3, 0.7]. Preferably, the pore fluctuation reference value can be 0.5.

[0076] Specifically, it is understandable that when the stone blocks settle, the relative positions between the stone blocks will change. This position change will cause the pore size between the stone blocks to change. In areas with large pore changes, the contact points between the stone blocks are reduced, and local stress concentration will cause the fence panels to be unevenly stressed in these areas. During the construction process, if there are dynamic changes in the pores on the surface of the stone cushion layer, it will be difficult to ensure consistent filling effects of concrete in various parts when pouring the fence panels, which will cause the surface of the fence panels to be uneven during the pouring process. Using image processing technology, the pores in the image can be identified and analyzed, and the pore area can be calculated. The absolute value of the difference in the pore area of ​​the images at adjacent moments can be obtained, which can quantify the changes in the pore area during this period. The degree of pore fluctuation and the variance of the absolute value of each difference can be calculated to characterize the dynamic fluctuation of the pores on the surface of the block stone cushion layer. If the pore fluctuation characterization value of the block stone area is large, that is, the pore area has undergone significant fluctuation changes within the preset image acquisition period, indicating that the blocks in this area have undergone more frequent settlement or movement, and the pore area may have slight changes caused by small disturbances, image acquisition errors, etc. Therefore, by setting a preset pore fluctuation reference value, the pore fluctuation characterization value is compared with it. If the pore fluctuation characterization value exceeds the preset value, it means that the pore area change exceeds the normal range, and there is a greater risk of block stone settlement in the block stone area. Therefore, the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer can be monitored in time during the construction process, thereby improving the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0077] Specifically, the present invention determines the pore fluctuation characterization value of the stone area through surface images at different times to screen the stone settlement risk area. It can be understood that by analyzing the images at different times within the preset image acquisition period, the pore changes of the stone cushion layer can be obtained in real time, and the pore fluctuation information can be captured in time to provide a basis for taking timely measures. There is no need to directly contact the stone cushion layer, which avoids damage and interference to the cushion layer structure. The absolute value of the difference in pore area between the surface images at adjacent times is calculated within the preset image acquisition period to reflect the actual changes in the pores in the stone area. The change in pore area is closely related to the settlement and movement of the stone blocks. At the same time, the settlement risk area is screened according to the comparison between the pore fluctuation characterization value and the preset pore fluctuation reference value, which can issue an early warning before the stone block settlement develops to a serious level, thereby avoiding serious consequences such as tilting, cracking and even collapse of the wave-breaking wall caused by the stone block settlement. The present invention determines the pore fluctuation characterization value of the stone block area through surface images at different times to screen the stone block settlement risk area, thereby realizing timely monitoring of the settlement risk of the stone block cushion layer during the construction process and improving the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0078] Specifically, determining the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0079] The overlap between the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of each point on the precast concrete fence plate and the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the remaining points is calculated respectively, and the variance of the overlap is determined as the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence plate;

[0080] The rectangular coordinate system where the vibration intensity fluctuation curve is located has time as the horizontal axis and vibration intensity as the vertical axis.

[0081] Specifically, the vibration intensity fluctuation curve can be obtained by a vibration sensor, and the microprocessor is used to obtain the overlap between the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of each point and the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the remaining points, thereby determining the bonding characterization factor, which will not be repeated here.

[0082] Specifically, see Figure 3 As shown, it is a logic flow chart for determining the abnormal bonding tendency category of precast concrete fence panels according to an embodiment of the present invention. The process of determining the abnormal bonding tendency category of the precast concrete fence panels includes:

[0083] If the bonding characteristic factor of the precast concrete fence panel meets the first bonding tendency determination condition, then determining that the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel is the first bonding tendency category;

[0084] If the bonding characteristic factor of the precast concrete fence panel does not meet the first bonding tendency determination condition, then determining that the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel is the second bonding tendency category;

[0085] The first bonding tendency determination condition is that the bonding characterization factor does not exceed a preset bonding characterization factor reference value.

[0086] Specifically, the preset reference value of the bonding characterization factor can be set by technical personnel in this field according to the construction accuracy requirements of the seawall ecological slope protection. The higher the accuracy requirement, the smaller the preset reference value of the bonding characterization factor. The value range of the reference value of the bonding characterization factor can be [0.2, 0.5]. Preferably, the reference value of the bonding characterization factor can be 0.3.

[0087] Specifically, the present invention determines the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel through several vibration intensity fluctuation curves to determine the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel. It can be understood that calculating the overlap variance of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve as the bonding characterization factor can quantitatively reflect the consistency of the vibration characteristics of each point on the precast concrete fence panel, and can be identified shortly after the precast concrete fence panel is cast, so as to facilitate timely measures to deal with it and avoid exposing the problem after the seawall is put into use, thereby achieving early warning and ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the seawall ecological slope protection project. The adjustment method for casting the precast concrete fence panel according to the bonding abnormality tendency category can optimize the construction process, make the installation and casting of the fence panel more scientific and reasonable, further ensure the quality of the project, and thus realize timely monitoring of the casting and bonding conditions between the components during the construction process, thereby improving the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0088] Specifically, see Figure 4 As shown, it is a logic flow chart for selecting an adjustment method for pouring a precast concrete fence panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. The adjustment method for pouring a precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0089] If the abnormal bonding tendency category is the first bonding tendency category, determining the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, and determining the vibration frequency when pouring the precast concrete fence panel according to the bonding shedding coefficient;

[0090] Specifically, the present invention determines the bonding and shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve under the condition of the first bonding tendency category, so as to determine the vibration frequency when the precast concrete fence panel is poured. It can be understood that the first bonding tendency category indicates that the state of the precast concrete fence panel as a whole during the pouring process is relatively uniform, but there is still a settlement risk in the block stone cushion area. Reasonable adjustment of the vibration frequency according to the bonding and shedding coefficient can enable the concrete to reach the optimal dense state at different fence panel positions, which helps the concrete to better fill the gap between the fence panel and the block stone cushion, increase the bonding area and bonding force between the two, and when the concrete is dense and fully fills the gap, it can effectively transfer the load, improve the overall structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection, and reduce the risk of loosening or falling of the fence panel due to weak bonding. Furthermore, it is achieved that the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer is monitored in time during the construction process, and the subsequent construction process is adaptively adjusted to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0091] If the abnormal bonding tendency category is the second bonding tendency category, a settlement coefficient is determined based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels, and a casting order of each precast concrete fence panel is determined according to the settlement coefficient.

[0092] Specifically, the present invention determines the settlement coefficient based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels under the second bonding tendency category condition to determine the casting order of each precast concrete fence panel. It can be understood that the second bonding tendency category indicates that the casting conditions of different areas of the precast concrete fence panels are different during the casting process. The settlement coefficient can characterize the peak characteristics of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve on the precast concrete fence panels. By analyzing the peak characteristics to determine the casting order, the fence panels in different conditions can be constructed in a targeted manner, and the fence panels in complex situations can be dealt with first, which can be solved in a concentrated manner in the early stage of construction. The key issue is to avoid the construction progress being hindered due to the accumulation of problems in the later stage. A reasonable pouring sequence can reduce the repetitive work and adjustment times during the construction process and improve the overall construction efficiency. At the same time, a reasonable arrangement of the pouring sequence according to the vibration characteristics of the fence panels will help the concrete better adapt to the stress and deformation of different fence panels during the pouring process. For fence panels with large settlement and special vibration characteristics, they will be poured and fixed first. These areas can be strengthened and adjusted in the early stage, so that the subsequently poured fence panels can work better with the already poured parts, thereby enhancing the structural integrity and stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0093] Specifically, the process of determining the bonding coefficient and vibration frequency of the precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0094] Obtaining the vibration intensity value corresponding to each data point on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, marking the time on the horizontal axis of the rectangular coordinate system corresponding to the first data point whose vibration intensity value does not exceed the preset vibration intensity reference value, and determining the duration of the time and the initial acquisition time of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve as the bonding shedding factor;

[0095] Obtaining bonding shedding factors corresponding to vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence panel, and determining an average value of the bonding shedding factors as the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel;

[0096] The vibration frequency is positively correlated with the bonding coefficient.

[0097] Specifically, the initial collection moment of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve is the moment when the precast concrete fence panels that have been pre-cast in the rock settlement risk area are struck.

[0098] Specifically, the preset vibration intensity reference value can be set by those skilled in the art based on the average value of several historical experimental data under the same working conditions. Preferably, the vibration intensity reference value can be 0.5m / s 2 .

[0099] Specifically, it is understandable that the first bonding tendency category, that is, the vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the fence board have a high degree of overlap, and the overall state of the precast concrete fence board during the pouring process is relatively uniform, but there is still a risk of settlement in the block stone cushion area, which will cause the gaps in local areas to vary in size, and some irregular spaces will be formed between the fence boards. When pouring concrete, the air in these spaces is difficult to completely discharge, and bubbles are easily formed and gathered at the interface between the fence board and the block stone cushion or inside the concrete, affecting the density and bonding effect of the concrete. Adjusting the vibration frequency will help to better discharge the bubbles in the concrete, make the concrete denser, enhance the bonding strength between the fence board and the block stone cushion, and improve the structure's impermeability. and stability. At the same time, during the vibration process, the concrete is fully filled into the gaps of the block stone cushion layer, which increases the friction and bite force and further improves the stability of the structure. The bonding shedding coefficient represents the vibration intensity attenuation rate of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve. The vibration intensity attenuation rate can reflect the density of the concrete pouring. If the bonding shedding coefficient is large, it means that the vibration intensity attenuation rate is slow, which shows that the concrete filling is not dense enough. It is necessary to increase the vibration frequency to further expel the air, make the concrete filling more sufficient, and enhance the bonding between the fence board and the block stone cushion layer. Furthermore, it is realized that during the construction process, the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer is monitored in time, and the subsequent construction process is adaptively adjusted to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0100] Specifically, determining the sedimentation coefficient involves,

[0101] Calculating the difference between the vibration intensity value at each peak on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve and the vibration intensity value at a trough adjacent to the peak, and determining the maximum value of the difference as the sedimentation factor of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve;

[0102] The settlement factors corresponding to the vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence plate are obtained, and the average value of the settlement factors is determined as the settlement coefficient of the precast concrete fence plate.

[0103] Specifically, the order in which the precast concrete fence panels are cast successively is consistent with the order in which the settlement coefficients of the precast concrete fence panels are from large to small.

[0104] For example, a specific embodiment of determining the pouring order of each precast concrete fence panel is given here, and the settlement coefficients of each precast concrete fence panel in the block stone settlement risk area are obtained as follows: the settlement coefficient of precast concrete fence panel 1 is 0.8, the settlement coefficient of precast concrete fence panel 2 is 0.3, the settlement coefficient of precast concrete fence panel 3 is 0.6, the settlement coefficient of precast concrete fence panel 4 is 0.5, and the settlement coefficient of precast concrete fence panel 5 is 0.9. The order of the settlement coefficients in the numerical size dimension is 0.9, 0.8, 0.6, 0.5, and 0.3 from large to small. Therefore, the pouring order is precast concrete fence panel 5, precast concrete fence panel 1, precast concrete fence panel 3, precast concrete fence panel 4, and precast concrete fence panel 2.

[0105] Specifically, it can be understood that the second bonding tendency category, that is, the overlap of the vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the fence board is low, and the precast concrete fence board as a whole is subjected to relatively inconsistent settlement of the stone cushion layer during the pouring process. It is difficult to improve its pouring effect and structural stability by simply adjusting the vibration frequency. When the difference in the vibration intensity value between the peak and the adjacent trough is large, that is, the peak is sharp, it indicates that the vibration intensity of the precast concrete fence board changes dramatically after being subjected to knocking vibration, the settlement of the stone cushion layer below it is uneven, and the local support between the fence board and the stone cushion layer is discontinuous. In this case, the fence board will have a larger free vibration space when vibrating, thereby producing a sharper peak. Precast concrete fence panels with sharp construction peaks can give priority to areas with large settlement differences, avoiding the influence of the stability of the overall structure due to the existence of these unstable areas in subsequent construction. If the peak is gentle, that is, the difference in vibration intensity between the peak and the adjacent trough is small, it indicates that the contact between the fence panel and the block stone cushion layer is relatively good, and the vibration propagation on the fence panel is relatively stable and uniform. The pouring order of such fence panels can be appropriately postponed, and efforts can be focused on solving areas with large settlement differences first, and then pouring relatively stable areas. In this way, the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer can be monitored in time during the construction process, and the subsequent construction process can be adaptively adjusted to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0106] Specifically, the present invention further provides a seawall ecological slope protection structure, comprising:

[0107] External slope protection, which includes non-woven geotextiles to separate the soil and the bedding material, bidirectional geogrids to distribute the load, stone bedding for drainage, and precast concrete fence panels to withstand wave impact;

[0108] The wave-breaking wall is arranged on the upper part of the outer slope protection surface to prevent waves from impacting the embankment.

[0109] Specifically, non-woven geotextile can be used as an isolation layer to prevent the mixing of soil and cushion materials, and is laid on the bottom layer. Geogrid is used to enhance the stability of the foundation and disperse the load, and is laid on the upper layer of non-woven geotextile. The stone cushion layer serves as a drainage layer and support layer, and is laid on the upper layer of the geogrid. Prefabricated fence panels are laid on the upper layer of the stone cushion layer, which will not be described in detail here.

[0110] Specifically, the seawall ecological slope protection structure is a sloped seawall structure, the wave-breaking wall can be an L-shaped C35 reinforced concrete wave-breaking wall, the wave-breaking wall top elevation can be 6.67m, the specification of the precast concrete fence board can be 300mm thick C40, the thickness of the block stone cushion layer can be 300mm, and the specification of the non-woven geotextile can be one layer of 350g / cm 2 .

[0111] Thus far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0112] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seawall ecological slope protection construction method, characterized in that: include: Lay non-woven geotextiles, bidirectional geogrids and block stone cushions in the area where the seawall ecological slope protection is to be built; Dividing the block rock cushion into a plurality of block rock areas, acquiring surface images of the block rock areas at different times within a preset image acquisition period, determining pore fluctuation characterization values ​​of the block rock areas based on the surface images at different times, and screening block rock settlement risk areas according to the pore fluctuation characterization values; Acquire surface images at several moments within a preset image acquisition period, calculate the absolute values ​​of the differences in pore areas between surface images at adjacent moments, and determine the variance of the absolute values ​​of the differences as the pore fluctuation characterization value; If the pore fluctuation characterization value meets the settlement risk determination condition, the block stone area is screened as a block stone settlement risk area, wherein the settlement risk determination condition is that the pore fluctuation characterization value exceeds a preset pore fluctuation reference value; placing a plurality of precast concrete fence panels on the block stone cushion layer with staggered joints and pre-casting them; tapping a precast concrete fence panel that has been precast in the rock settlement risk area to obtain vibration intensity fluctuation curves at several points on the precast concrete fence panel, determining a bonding characteristic factor of the precast concrete fence panel based on the several vibration intensity fluctuation curves, and determining a bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel based on the bonding characteristic factor; The overlap between the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of each point on the precast concrete fence plate and the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the remaining points is calculated respectively, and the variance of the overlap is determined as the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence plate; The rectangular coordinate system where the vibration intensity fluctuation curve is located has time as the horizontal axis and vibration intensity as the vertical axis; selecting an adjustment method for pouring precast concrete fence panels in a rock block settlement risk area based on the abnormal bonding tendency category, the adjustment method comprising determining a bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panels based on a vibration intensity fluctuation curve, and determining a vibration frequency during pouring of the precast concrete fence panels based on the bonding shedding coefficient; Alternatively, a settlement coefficient is determined based on a vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels, and a pouring sequence of the precast concrete fence panels is determined according to the settlement coefficient.

2. The seawall ecological slope protection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of determining the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel includes: If the bonding characteristic factor of the precast concrete fence panel meets the first bonding tendency determination condition, then determining that the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel is the first bonding tendency category; If the bonding characteristic factor of the precast concrete fence panel does not meet the first bonding tendency determination condition, then determining that the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel is the second bonding tendency category; The first bonding tendency determination condition is that the bonding characterization factor does not exceed a preset bonding characterization factor reference value.

3. The seawall ecological slope protection construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The selected adjustments for pouring precast concrete fence panels include: If the abnormal bonding tendency category is the first bonding tendency category, determining the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, and determining the vibration frequency when pouring the precast concrete fence panel according to the bonding shedding coefficient; If the abnormal bonding tendency category is the second bonding tendency category, a settlement coefficient is determined based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels, and a casting order of each precast concrete fence panel is determined according to the settlement coefficient.

4. The seawall ecological slope protection construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of determining the bond shedding coefficient and the vibration frequency of the precast concrete fence panel includes: Obtaining the vibration intensity value corresponding to each data point on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, marking the time on the horizontal axis of the rectangular coordinate system corresponding to the first data point whose vibration intensity value does not exceed the preset vibration intensity reference value, and determining the duration of the time and the initial acquisition time of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve as the bonding shedding factor; Obtaining bonding shedding factors corresponding to vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence panel, and determining an average value of the bonding shedding factors as the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel; The vibration frequency is positively correlated with the bonding coefficient.

5. The seawall ecological slope protection construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Determining the sedimentation coefficient involves, Calculating the difference between the vibration intensity value at each peak on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve and the vibration intensity value at a trough adjacent to the peak, and determining the maximum value of the difference as the sedimentation factor of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve; The settlement factors corresponding to the vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence plate are obtained, and the average value of the settlement factors is determined as the settlement coefficient of the precast concrete fence plate.

6. The seawall ecological slope protection construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The order in which the precast concrete fence panels are cast is consistent with the order in which the settlement coefficients of the precast concrete fence panels are cast from large to small.

7. A seawall ecological slope protection structure, used for applying the seawall ecological slope protection construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: External slope protection, which includes non-woven geotextiles to isolate soil and bedding materials, bidirectional geogrids to distribute loads, block stone bedding for drainage, and precast concrete fence panels to withstand wave impacts; The wave-breaking wall is arranged on the upper part of the outer slope protection surface and is used to prevent waves from impacting the embankment.

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