Gear surface size laser detection device

Abstract

The invention relates to a gear surface size laser detection device which comprises a workbench, a rotating shaft and a rotating disc are arranged on the workbench, and a standard gear is arranged on the upper surface of the rotating disc; the rotating shaft penetrates through the standard gear, and a centering inner hole clamping mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft; a feeding conveying mechanism is arranged at one end of the workbench, a discharging conveying mechanism is arranged at the other end of the workbench, and a gear feeding and discharging mechanism is arranged on the workbench. A standard correction block is arranged above the workbench and is connected with a first translation driving mechanism; an upper laser scanner is arranged above the standard gear, a lower laser scanner is arranged below the standard gear, a side laser scanner is arranged on one side of the standard gear, and the side laser scanner, the upper laser scanner and the lower laser scanner are all connected with a controller. By comparing the size difference between the standard gear and the detected gear, the size error of the detected gear can be more intuitively obtained, the detection accuracy is higher, and the gear with unqualified size can be conveniently trimmed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of gear detection, and in particular relates to a laser detection device for gear surface dimensions. Background Art

[0002] After gear processing, size detection is required to control the processing quality. At present, conventional detection tools such as calipers, tooth pitch measuring instruments, and outside micrometers are usually used for manual detection, which has low efficiency, large manual operation errors, and poor accuracy. The invention patent with the application number CN202411423400.3 discloses a gear detection device that uses a first infrared scanner and a second infrared scanner to scan the end face and circumferential face of the gear respectively to obtain the gear contour dimensions. However, when scanning, the first infrared scanner can only scan one end face of the gear and cannot scan two end faces simultaneously, which affects the accuracy of the detection structure. In addition, this device requires manual fixation of the gear to be measured on the workbench and cannot achieve automatic fixation, making it inconvenient for continuous detection of multiple gears. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a laser detection device for gear surface dimensions with higher detection accuracy and capable of realizing automatic and continuous detection.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a laser detection device for gear surface dimensions, including a workbench,

[0005] A vertical rotating shaft and multiple vertical support columns are arranged on the workbench. A horizontal turntable is arranged at the top of the support column, and a standard gear is arranged on the upper surface of the turntable; the rotating shaft is coaxial with the standard gear, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the turntable and the standard gear. A centering inner hole clamping mechanism for simultaneously positioning the standard gear and the gear to be measured is arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft, and a first rotation driving mechanism is connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft;

[0006] A feeding conveying mechanism is arranged at one end of the workbench, and a discharging conveying mechanism is arranged at the other end. A gear loading and unloading mechanism is arranged on the workbench;

[0007] A standard calibration block is arranged above the workbench, and the standard calibration block is connected to a first translation driving mechanism for driving the standard calibration block to move along the radial direction of the standard gear;

[0008] An upper laser scanner is arranged above the standard gear, a lower laser scanner is arranged below the standard gear, and a side laser scanner is arranged on one side of the standard gear. The side laser scanner, the upper laser scanner, and the lower laser scanner are all connected to a controller.

[0009] Further, the gear loading and unloading mechanism includes a vertical rotating arm, and the rotating arm is connected with a second rotation driving mechanism; a lifting arm is arranged inside the rotating arm, and the lifting arm is connected with a lifting driving mechanism; the upper end of the lifting arm extends out of the rotating arm and is fixedly provided with a horizontal cantilever tube, and a gear grasping mechanism is arranged on the cantilever tube.

[0010] Further, the gear grasping mechanism includes an adjusting motor 43 arranged at the bottom of the cantilever tube 18, the main shaft of the adjusting motor 43 is connected with a horizontal positioning disk, a plurality of suction cups are arranged on the lower surface of the positioning disk, and the suction cups are connected with a first air supply and exhaust mechanism.

[0011] Further, a clamping block is arranged on the lower surface of the standard gear, a clamping groove is arranged on the upper surface of the turntable, and the clamping block is clamped into the clamping groove.

[0012] Further, the rotating shaft is a hollow shaft, and the centering inner hole clamping mechanism includes a piston and a push rod. The piston is located inside the rotating shaft and is in sliding fit with the rotating shaft. The lower end of the rotating shaft is connected with a second air supply and exhaust mechanism through a rotary joint. One end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the piston, and the other end is provided with a frustum-shaped ejector rod; three positioning grooves are evenly distributed around the center of the rotating shaft on the outer wall of the upper end of the rotating shaft, and a tensioning block in sliding fit with the positioning groove is arranged in each positioning groove. An arc-shaped limiting block is arranged on one side of the tensioning block located inside the rotating shaft. A first elastic member is arranged between the outer wall of the limiting block and the inner wall of the rotating shaft. The three limiting blocks enclose a frustum-shaped cavity, and the outer wall of the ejector rod can be attached to the inner wall of the limiting block.

[0013] Further, the tensioning block includes two tensioning parts and a transmission part. The outer side wall of the tensioning part is an arc-shaped wall capable of fitting the inner hole of the standard gear. A guide post is arranged on the inner side wall of each tensioning part. A guide hole is arranged on the side surface of the transmission part facing the tensioning part. The guide post extends into the guide hole and is in sliding fit with the guide hole. A pressure sensor is arranged on the side wall of the transmission part facing the tensioning part. The pressure sensor is fixedly connected with the tensioning part through a second elastic member.

[0014] Further, the upper laser scanner is installed on the sliding seat, the sliding seat is installed on a horizontal guide rail, and the sliding seat is connected with a second translation driving mechanism for driving the sliding seat to move; the lower laser scanner is fixedly installed below the edge of the standard gear.

[0015] Further, a marking mechanism is arranged on the sliding seat.

[0016] Further, the marking mechanism includes a lifting mechanism. The lower end of the lifting mechanism is connected to a lifting frame. A plurality of vertical marking cylinders are arranged on the lifting frame. A marking template is arranged at the lower end of the marking cylinder. The marking template is provided with a hollow. A nozzle is arranged in each marking cylinder. Each nozzle is connected to a flexible conveying pipe through a valve. The conveying pipe is connected to a pigment storage box through a pump.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, the machined gears are conveyed to the vicinity of the workbench through the feeding and conveying mechanism, and then the gear loading and unloading mechanism automatically loads and unloads the gears to move them onto the rotating shaft, and the centering inner hole clamping mechanism is used to position and fix the standard gear and the gear to be measured. Then, the upper end face of the gear to be measured, the side surfaces of the gear to be measured and the standard gear, and the lower end face of the standard gear are scanned by the side laser scanner, the upper laser scanner and the lower laser scanner respectively, and the dimensional error of the gear to be measured is calculated according to the scanning results. After the detection is completed, the gear to be measured is automatically moved to the discharging and conveying mechanism by the gear loading and unloading mechanism.

[0018] It can be seen that the present invention can realize batch continuous detection of gears, and there is no need for manual loading and unloading, improving the detection efficiency.

[0019] The present invention can compare the dimensional differences between the standard gear and the gear to be measured, and can more intuitively obtain the dimensional error of the gear to be measured, with high detection accuracy, which is convenient for trimming the gears with unqualified dimensions. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is the front sectional view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the sectional view of A-A in

[0022] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the enlarged schematic diagram of part B in

[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the sectional view of C-C in

[0024] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the enlarged schematic diagram of part D in

[0025] Figure 6 is the top view schematic diagram of the standard calibration block;

[0026] Reference numerals: 1 - workbench; 2 - feeding conveyor mechanism; 3 - discharging conveyor mechanism; 4 - support column; 5 - turntable; 6 - rotating shaft; 7 - first rotation driving mechanism; 8 - standard gear; 9 - standard calibration block; 10 - first translation driving mechanism; 11 - second air supply and exhaust mechanism; 12 - upper laser scanner; 13 - lower laser scanner; 14 - rotating arm; 15 - second rotation driving mechanism; 16 - lifting arm; 17 - lifting driving mechanism; 18 - cantilever tube; 19 - positioning disk; 20 - controller; 21 - suction cup; 22 - first air supply and exhaust mechanism; 23 - piston; 24 - push rod; 25 - rotary joint; 26 - tensioning block; 261 - tensioning part; 262 - transmission part; 263 - guide post; 264 - second elastic member; 265 - pressure sensor; 27 - limit block; 28 - first elastic member; 29 - ejector rod; 30 - sliding seat; 31 - guide rail; 32 - second translation driving mechanism; 33 - side laser scanner; 34 - lifting mechanism; 35 - lifting frame; 36 - marking cylinder; 37 - marking template; 38 - nozzle; 39 - valve; 40 - delivery pipe; 41 - pump; 42 - pigment storage box; 43 - adjusting motor. Detailed implementation mode

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0028] The laser detection device for the surface dimensions of the gear of the present invention, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, includes a workbench 1, the workbench 1 is horizontally arranged, and a plurality of support legs are arranged at the bottom, so that the workbench 1 is at a suitable height.

[0029] A vertical rotating shaft 6 and a plurality of vertical support columns 4 are arranged on the workbench 1. A horizontal turntable 5 is arranged at the top of the support column 4. An installation frame can be arranged on the workbench 1. The rotating shaft 6 can be installed on the installation frame through a bearing. The support column 4 and the installation frame are integrated. The turntable 5 is installed on the installation frame through a plain bearing. The outer diameter of the rotating shaft 6 is adapted to the inner diameter of the gear to be measured.

[0030] The upper surface of the turntable 5 is provided with a standard gear 8, which is a gear with small dimensional errors and high precision. The dimensional errors can be ignored, and its dimensions are the same as the designed dimensions of the gear to be measured. Taking the standard gear 8 as a reference, by comparing the contour offset between the gear to be measured and the standard gear, the dimensional errors of the gear to be measured can be obtained quickly and intuitively. The outer diameter of the turntable 5 is smaller than the root circle diameter of the gear to be measured to avoid blocking the teeth and tooth spaces of the standard gear 8. The rotating shaft 6 is coaxial with the standard gear 8 to ensure the accuracy of the detection. The rotating shaft 6 passes through the turntable 5 and the standard gear 8, and a centering inner hole clamping mechanism for simultaneously positioning the standard gear 8 and the gear to be measured is provided at the upper end of the rotating shaft 6. The centering inner hole clamping mechanism simultaneously centers and clamps the standard gear 8 and the gear to be measured, which can ensure that the standard gear 8 and the gear to be measured are in a coaxial state, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection. The lower end of the rotating shaft 6 is connected to a first rotation driving mechanism 7, which is used to drive the rotating shaft 6 to rotate. After the centering inner hole clamping mechanism clamps the standard gear 8 and the gear to be measured, the rotating shaft 6 can drive the standard gear 8 and the gear to be measured to rotate, so as to facilitate the scanning of the outer side walls of the standard gear 8 and the gear to be measured. The first rotation driving mechanism 7 can adopt a reduction motor.

[0031] One end of the workbench 1 is provided with a feeding conveying mechanism 2, and the other end is provided with a discharging conveying mechanism 3. A gear loading and unloading mechanism is arranged on the workbench 1. The feeding conveying mechanism 2 is used to convey the processed gears to the vicinity of the workbench 1. The gear loading and unloading mechanism is used to move the gears on the feeding conveying mechanism 2 onto the rotating shaft 6, and can also move the gears on the rotating shaft 6 onto the discharging conveying mechanism 3. The discharging conveying mechanism 3 is used to convey the gears after the detection to the next working station. The feeding conveying mechanism 2 and the discharging conveying mechanism 3 can adopt conveyor belts.

[0032] The gear loading and unloading mechanism can be various existing manipulators. As a preferred embodiment, the gear loading and unloading mechanism specifically includes a vertical rotating arm 14. The lower end of the rotating arm 14 is rotatably installed on the workbench 1. The rotating arm 14 is connected to a second rotation driving mechanism 15, which can be a reduction motor installed on the workbench 1. A lifting arm 16 is arranged inside the rotating arm 14. The lifting arm 16 is slidably matched with the inner wall of the rotating arm 14, and axial extension transmission protrusions can be arranged on the outer wall of the lifting arm 16, and axial extension transmission grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the rotating arm 14. The transmission protrusions are located in the transmission grooves and are slidably matched with the transmission grooves, so that when the rotating arm 14 rotates, it can drive the lifting arm 16 to rotate synchronously, and at the same time, the lifting arm 16 can move up and down. The lifting arm 16 is connected to a lifting driving mechanism 17, which can be a linear motor installed inside the rotating arm 14. The upper end of the lifting arm 16 extends out of the rotating arm 14 and is fixedly provided with a horizontal cantilever tube 18, and a gear grasping mechanism is arranged on the cantilever tube 18.

[0033] When the lifting arm 16 moves up and down, it can drive the cantilever tube 18 to move up and down synchronously. When the rotating arm 14 rotates, it drives the lifting arm 16 to rotate. At this time, the lifting arm 16 can drive the cantilever tube 18 to rotate. The cantilever tube 18 has an appropriate length to ensure that when the cantilever tube 18 rotates, the gear grasping mechanism can sequentially move above the feeding conveyor 2, the rotating shaft 6, and the discharging conveyor 3, so that the gear grasping mechanism can grasp the gear under test and drive the gear under test to move.

[0034] Specifically, the gear grasping mechanism includes an adjustment motor 43 arranged at the bottom of the cantilever tube 18. The main shaft of the adjustment motor 43 is connected with a horizontal positioning disk 19. A plurality of suction cups 21 are arranged on the lower surface of the positioning disk 19. The suction cups 21 are connected with a first air supply and exhaust mechanism 22. The first air supply and exhaust mechanism 22 can be equipment such as an air pump.

[0035] The operation process of the gear loading and unloading mechanism of the present invention is as follows: The second rotation driving mechanism 15 drives the rotating arm 14 to rotate, so that the positioning disk 19 moves above the feeding conveyor 2. At this time, the gear under test on the feeding conveyor 2 is located below the positioning disk 19. The lifting driving mechanism 17 is used to drive the lifting arm 16 and the cantilever tube 18 to move downward, so that the suction cups 21 contact the upper end surface of the gear to be tested. Then, the first air supply and exhaust mechanism 22 is used to extract the gas in the suction cups 21, and negative pressure is generated in the suction cups 21, so as to suck the gear under test. Then, the lifting driving mechanism 17 is used to drive the lifting arm 16 and the cantilever tube 18 to move upward, driving the gear under test to leave the feeding conveyor 2. The second rotation driving mechanism 15 is used again to drive the rotating arm 14 to rotate, and then drive the gear under test to move above the rotating shaft 6. Then, the lifting driving mechanism 17 is used to drive the lifting arm 16 and the cantilever tube 18 to move downward, and the gear under test is placed on the upper surface of the standard gear 8, and the rotating shaft 6 is located in the inner hole of the gear under test. The first air supply and exhaust mechanism 22 supplies air into the suction cups 21, and the suction cups 21 can release the gear under test. Rotate the rotating arm 14 to drive the cantilever tube 18 to move to the waiting position. In order to ensure that the gear under test can be smoothly sleeved outside the rotating shaft 6, the upper end of the rotating shaft 6 can be provided with a frustum shape.

[0036] After the gear under test is moved onto the rotating shaft 6, it is very likely that the tooth grooves of the gear under test do not align with the tooth grooves of the standard gear 8. Therefore, in the present invention, an adjustment motor 43 is provided at the bottom of the cantilever tube 18. The adjustment motor 43 is a stepping motor, which is vertically arranged with its main shaft facing downwards. The adjustment motor 43 can drive the positioning disk 19 to rotate by a certain angle, so as to drive the gear under test fixed to the suction cup 21 to rotate by a certain angle, making the tooth grooves of the gear under test align with the tooth grooves of the standard gear 8 preliminarily. At the same time, a standard calibration block 9 is arranged above the workbench 1. The shape and size of the standard calibration block 9 are the same as those of the tooth grooves of the standard gear 8, and it can extend into the tooth grooves of the standard gear 8 and fit fully with the tooth groove walls. The standard calibration block 9 is connected with a first translation driving mechanism 10 for driving the standard calibration block 9 to move along the radial direction of the standard gear 8. After the tooth grooves of the gear under test are preliminarily aligned with the tooth grooves of the standard gear 8, the suction cup 21 releases the gear under test, and the first translation driving mechanism 10 is used to drive the standard calibration block 9 to move towards the standard gear 8 until the standard calibration block 9 is simultaneously clamped into the tooth grooves of the standard gear 8 and the gear under test, so as to correct the angle of the gear under test and ensure that the teeth and tooth grooves at the edge of the gear under test align with the teeth and tooth grooves of the standard gear 8 respectively. After calibration, the standard calibration block 9 returns to its original position. The first translation driving mechanism 10 can be a device such as a cylinder or a linear motor.

[0037] An upper laser scanner 12 is arranged above the standard gear 8, a lower laser scanner 13 is arranged below the standard gear 8, and a side laser scanner 33 is arranged on one side of the standard gear 8. The side laser scanner 33, the upper laser scanner 12 and the lower laser scanner 13 are all connected with a controller 20. Among them, the upper laser scanner 12 is used to scan the upper end face of the gear under test to obtain the contour of the upper end face of the gear under test. The lower laser scanner 13 is used to scan the lower end face of the standard gear 8 to obtain the contour of the lower end face of the standard gear 8. The side laser scanner 33 is used to scan the side faces of the standard gear 8 and the gear under test to obtain the contours of each tooth groove and tooth. When the upper laser scanner 12 scans, the standard gear 8 and the gear under test remain stationary. When the side laser scanner 33 and the lower laser scanner 13 scan, the rotating shaft 6 drives the standard gear 8 and the gear under test to rotate at a constant speed. The controller 20 can adopt control devices such as a PLC or a computer to calculate the deviation distance between the contour of the standard gear 8 and the contour of the gear under test, and this deviation distance is the dimensional error of the gear under test. The controller 20 is configured with a display screen, which can display the scanned contour image and the error value.

[0038] When the dimensional error of the gear under test is very small, the teeth of the gear under test just cover the teeth of the standard gear 8, and the tooth spaces of the gear under test just cover the tooth spaces of the standard gear 8. When the upper laser scanner 12 scans in the vertically downward direction and scans the upper surface of the gear under test, it will only scan the contour of the gear under test and will not scan the contour of the standard gear 8. Similarly, when the lower laser scanner 13 scans, it will only scan the contour of the standard gear 8. When the dimensions of the gear under test have obvious errors, the teeth and tooth spaces of the gear under test cannot be completely aligned with the teeth and tooth spaces of the standard gear 8. When the upper laser scanner 12 scans, it may scan the contour of the upper surface of the standard gear 8. When the lower laser scanner 13 scans, it may also scan the contour of the lower surface of the gear under test. From the scanning structure, the parts with larger dimensional errors of the gear under test can be intuitively seen, and the dimensional error value can be calculated. From the scanning result of the upper laser scanner 12, the diameter of the central hole of the gear under test can also be obtained. The side laser scanner 33 sequentially scans each tooth and tooth space of the standard gear 8 and the gear under test, and a side view contour diagram of each tooth and tooth space can be obtained. In the side view contour diagram, the contour diagram of the standard gear 8 is moved upward by a distance equal to the thickness of the standard gear 8. If the contour diagram of the standard gear 8 coincides with the contour diagram of the gear under test after the movement, it indicates that the dimensional error of the tooth and tooth space is small. If the contour diagram of the standard gear 8 deviates from the contour diagram of the gear under test after the movement, the deviation distance is calculated, and this deviation distance is the dimensional error.

[0039] The present invention can realize automatic and continuous batch detection of multiple gears, and can intuitively obtain the positions with larger errors and the specific error values, so as to facilitate the repair of gears with unqualified dimensions.

[0040] After the gear grasping mechanism places the gear under test on the standard gear 8, the upper laser scanner 12 can be used to preliminarily scan the gear under test first, and the controller 20 is used to judge the deviation degree between the tooth space of the gear under test and the tooth space of the standard gear 8. Then, the controller 20 is used to control the adjustment motor 43 to rotate an appropriate angle so that the tooth space of the gear under test is preliminarily aligned with the tooth space of the standard gear 8.

[0041] To facilitate the installation of the standard gear 8, a clamping block is provided on the lower surface of the standard gear 8, and a clamping groove is provided on the upper surface of the turntable 5. The clamping block is snapped into the clamping groove. When installing the standard gear 8, the clamping block is snapped into the clamping groove, and the standard gear 8 can be naturally placed on the upper surface of the turntable 5, which is convenient to operate.

[0042] In the present invention, the centering inner hole clamping mechanism can adopt a conventional clamping mechanism similar to a three-jaw chuck. However, these existing clamping mechanisms require a power device and a transmission structure, and the power device and the transmission structure need to rotate with the rotating shaft 6, which increases the assembly difficulty. In the present invention, the rotating shaft 6 is a hollow shaft, and the centering inner hole clamping mechanism includes a piston 23 and a push rod 24. The piston 23 is located inside the rotating shaft 6 and is slidably matched with the rotating shaft 6. The lower end of the rotating shaft 6 is connected with a second air supply and exhaust mechanism 11 through a rotary joint 25. One end of the push rod 24 is fixedly connected with the piston 23, and the other end is provided with a frustum-shaped ejector rod 29. On the outer wall of the upper end of the rotating shaft 6, there are three positioning grooves evenly distributed around the center of the rotating shaft 6. Each positioning groove is provided with a tensioning block 26 slidably matched with the positioning groove. The three tensioning blocks 26 move synchronously in the radial direction, and centering clamping can be achieved. On one side of the tensioning block 26 located inside the rotating shaft 6, there is an arc-shaped limiting block 27. Between the outer wall of the limiting block 27 and the inner wall of the rotating shaft 6, there is a first elastic member 28. The three limiting blocks 27 enclose a frustum-shaped cavity, and the outer wall of the ejector rod 29 can fit against the inner wall of the limiting block 27.

[0043] The first elastic member 28 can adopt a spring, which is always in a compressed state and has a certain elastic force. When not clamping, under the elastic force of the first elastic member 28, the three limiting blocks 27 enclose a frustum-shaped cavity. The inner diameter of the upper end of the cavity is smaller than the inner hole of the lower end. At this time, the ejector rod 29 is located below the limiting block 27. When it is necessary to clamp the inner hole of the gear, the second air supply and exhaust mechanism 11 passes gas into the inside of the rotating shaft 6 through the rotary joint 25. The gas pushes the piston 23 and the push rod 24 to move upward, so that the ejector rod 29 enters the cavity enclosed by the limiting blocks 27. When the outer wall of the ejector rod 29 contacts the inner wall of the limiting block 27, the ejector rod 29 will push the 3 limiting blocks 27 to move synchronously outward in the radial direction. The limiting blocks 27 then push the tensioning blocks 26 to move outward, and the first elastic member 28 is further compressed. The outer side walls of the three tensioning blocks 26 are used to press against the inner wall of the gear, so as to perform centering clamping on the gear. After the detection is completed, the second air supply and exhaust mechanism 11 sucks air, so that the piston 23 drives the push rod 24 to move downward, and the ejector rod 29 gradually disengages from the cavity enclosed by the limiting blocks 27. Under the elastic force of the first elastic member 28, the limiting blocks 27 move towards the inside of the rotating shaft 6, driving the tensioning blocks 26 to reset, thereby loosening the gear.

[0044] In the present invention, the second air supply and exhaust mechanism 11 is adopted as the clamping power mechanism. The gas is used to push the piston 23 to move. There is no need for direct connection between the clamping power mechanism and the transmission mechanisms such as the piston 23 and the limiting block 27. Therefore, the structural complexity is simplified. The rotary joint 25 can be kept fixed, and the rotating shaft 6 is rotatably matched with the rotary joint 25. The second air supply and exhaust mechanism 11 can adopt an air pump.

[0045] In order to facilitate the detection of the dimensional accuracy of the inner hole of the gear under test, the tensioning block 26 includes two tensioning portions 261 and a transmission portion 262. One of the tensioning portions 261 is located above the other tensioning portion 261. The outer side wall of the tensioning portion 261 is an arc-shaped wall that can fit the inner hole of the standard gear 8. The transmission portion 262 is fixedly connected to the limit block 27. A guide post 263 is provided on the inner side wall of each tensioning portion 261. A guide hole is provided on the side surface of the transmission portion 262 facing the tensioning portion 261. The guide post 263 extends into the guide hole and is in sliding fit with the guide hole. A pressure sensor 265 is provided on the side wall of the transmission portion 262 facing the tensioning portion 261. The pressure sensor 265 is fixedly connected to the tensioning portion 261 through a second elastic member 264. The second elastic member 264 can be a spring.

[0046] The two tensioning portions 261 are respectively used for clamping the inner holes of the standard gear 8 and the gear under test. Specifically, when clamping and positioning the gear, the limit block 27 pushes the two tensioning portions 261 to move outward synchronously. The two tensioning portions 261 respectively tighten the inner hole walls of the standard gear 8 and the gear under test. During the tensioning process, the tensioning force is transmitted to the second elastic member 264, causing the second elastic member 264 to be gradually compressed to generate an elastic force. This elastic force is transmitted to the pressure sensor 265 and can be detected by the pressure sensor 265. When the dimensional error of the inner hole of the gear under test is small, its inner hole size is the same as that of the standard gear 8, the compression amounts of the second elastic members 264 are the same, and the tensioning forces should also be the same. If the radial dimensional error of the inner hole of the gear under test is large, the compression amounts of the corresponding second elastic members 264 of the standard gear 8 and the gear under test are different. Therefore, the pressure values detected by the pressure sensor 265 are different. The radius error of the gear under test can be calculated based on the difference in the pressure values.

[0047] In the present invention, the upper laser scanner 12 is installed on the slide base 30. The slide base 30 is installed on the horizontal guide rail 31, and the slide base 30 is connected to a second translation driving mechanism 32 for driving the slide base 30 to move. The second translation driving mechanism 32 can be a device such as a cylinder. The second translation driving mechanism 32 drives the slide base 30 to reciprocate, and then drives the upper laser scanner 12 to reciprocate, so as to ensure that the upper laser scanner 12 can accurately scan the upper surface of the entire gear under test. The lower laser scanner 13 is fixedly installed below the edge of the standard gear 8. When the standard gear 8 and the gear under test rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 6, each tooth and tooth groove of the standard gear 8 and the gear under test move to directly above the lower laser scanner 13 in sequence. Therefore, the lower laser scanner 13 can scan each tooth and tooth groove in sequence.

[0048] A marking mechanism is provided on the slide base 30. When the gear size error does not meet the requirements, the marking mechanism can be used to mark the unqualified gears for easy distinction from the qualified gears.

[0049] The marking mechanism specifically includes a lifting mechanism 34. The lifting mechanism 34 can adopt a linear motor. The lower end of the lifting mechanism 34 is connected to a lifting frame 35. A plurality of vertical marking cylinders 36 are arranged on the lifting frame 35. The marking cylinders 36 are cylindrical. A marking template 37 is arranged at the lower end of the marking cylinder 36. The marking template 37 is provided with a hollow. The hollow shapes on different marking templates 37 are different. Specifically, the hollow shape can be numbers such as 1, 2, 3, etc., or letters such as A, B, C, etc. Different hollow shapes identify different dimensional errors. For example, when the dimensions of the end faces of teeth and tooth grooves are unqualified, it can be marked as "1", and when the dimensions of the side faces of teeth and tooth grooves are unqualified, it can be marked as "2". A nozzle 38 is arranged in each marking cylinder 36. Each nozzle 38 is connected to a flexible delivery pipe 40 through a valve 39. The delivery pipe 40 is connected to a pigment storage box 42 through a pump 41. The pigment storage box 42 is used to store pigments, and specifically, white pigments can be used. During marking, the lifting mechanism 34 drives the lifting frame 35 to move downward, so that the lower end of the marking cylinder 36 approaches the gear to be measured. Then, the pump 41 and the corresponding valve 39 are opened. The pump 41 delivers the pigment in the pigment storage box 42 to the nozzle 38, and the nozzle 38 sprays the pigment downward. Part of the pigment is blocked by the marking template 37, and the other part of the pigment is sprayed onto the gear through the hollow on the marking template 37 to form a mark. After the marking is completed, the pump 41 and the corresponding valve 39 are closed, and the lifting mechanism 34 drives the lifting frame 35 to reset upward.

[0050] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear surface dimension laser detection device, comprising a workbench (1), characterized in that: The workbench (1) is provided with a vertical rotating shaft (6) and a plurality of vertical supporting columns (4); a horizontal rotating disk (5) is provided on the top of the supporting column (4); a standard gear (8) is provided on the upper surface of the rotating disk (5); the rotating shaft (6) is coaxial with the standard gear (8), and the rotating shaft (6) passes through the rotating disk (5) and the standard gear (8); a centering inner hole clamping mechanism for simultaneously positioning the standard gear (8) and the gear to be measured is provided at the upper end of the rotating shaft (6); and a first rotating driving mechanism (7) is connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft (6); A feeding conveying mechanism (2) is provided at one end of the workbench (1), and a discharging conveying mechanism (3) is provided at the other end; a gear loading and unloading mechanism is provided on the workbench (1); A standard calibration block (9) is arranged above the workbench (1), and the standard calibration block (9) is connected to a first translation driving mechanism (10) for driving the standard calibration block (9) to move radially along the standard gear (8); An upper laser scanner (12) is arranged above the standard gear (8), a lower laser scanner (13) is arranged below the standard gear (8), and a side laser scanner (33) is arranged on one side of the standard gear (8); the side laser scanner (33), the upper laser scanner (12) and the lower laser scanner (13) are all connected to a controller (20).

2. The gear surface dimension laser detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear loading and unloading mechanism comprises a vertical rotating arm (14), wherein the rotating arm (14) is connected to a second rotating driving mechanism (15); a lifting arm (16) is arranged inside the rotating arm (14), wherein the lifting arm (16) is connected to a lifting driving mechanism (17); the upper end of the lifting arm (16) extends out of the rotating arm (14) and is fixedly provided with a horizontal cantilever tube (18), wherein a gear grabbing mechanism is arranged on the cantilever tube (18).

3. The gear surface dimension laser detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear grabbing mechanism comprises an adjusting motor (43) arranged at the bottom of the cantilever tube (18), the main shaft of the adjusting motor (43) is connected to a horizontal positioning plate (19), a plurality of suction cups (21) are arranged on the lower surface of the positioning plate (19), and the suction cups (21) are connected to a first air supply and exhaust mechanism (22).

4. The gear surface dimension laser detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the standard gear (8) is provided with a clamping block, and the upper surface of the rotating disk (5) is provided with a clamping slot, and the clamping block is clamped into the clamping slot.

5. The gear surface dimension laser detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (6) is a hollow shaft. The centering inner hole clamping mechanism comprises a piston (23) and a push rod (24). The piston (23) is located inside the rotating shaft (6) and is slidably matched with the rotating shaft (6). The lower end of the rotating shaft (6) is connected to the second air supply and exhaust mechanism (11) via a rotary joint (25). One end of the push rod (24) is fixedly connected to the piston (23), and the other end is provided with a truncated cone-shaped push rod (29). The upper end outer wall of the rotating shaft (6) is provided with three Positioning grooves are evenly distributed around the center of the rotating shaft (6), and a tensioning block (26) is arranged in each positioning groove and is slidably matched with the positioning groove. An arc-shaped limit block (27) is arranged on one side of the tensioning block (26) located inside the rotating shaft (6), and a first elastic member (28) is arranged between the outer wall of the limit block (27) and the inner wall of the rotating shaft (6). The three limit blocks (27) surround a truncated cone-shaped cavity, and the outer wall of the push rod (29) can fit the inner wall of the limit block (27).

6. The gear surface dimension laser detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tensioning block (26) comprises two tensioning parts (261) and a transmission part (262); the outer wall of the tensioning part (261) is an arc-shaped wall capable of fitting into the inner hole of the standard gear (8); the inner wall of each tensioning part (261) is provided with a guide column (263); the transmission part (262) is provided with a guide hole on the side facing the tensioning part (261); the guide column (263) extends into the guide hole and slidably cooperates with the guide hole; a pressure sensor (265) is provided on the side wall of the transmission part (262) facing the tensioning part (261); the pressure sensor (265) is fixedly connected to the tensioning part (261) via a second elastic member (264).

7. The gear surface dimension laser detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper laser scanner (12) is mounted on a slide (30), the slide (30) is mounted on a horizontal guide rail (31), and the slide (30) is connected to a second translation drive mechanism (32) for driving the slide (30) to move; the lower laser scanner (13) is fixedly mounted below the edge of the standard gear (8).

8. The gear surface dimension laser detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slide seat (30) is provided with a marking mechanism.

9. The gear surface dimension laser detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The marking mechanism comprises a lifting mechanism (34), the lower end of the lifting mechanism (34) is connected to a lifting frame (35), a plurality of vertical marking tubes (36) are arranged on the lifting frame (35), a marking template (37) is arranged at the lower end of the marking tube (36), the marking template (37) is provided with a hollow, each marking tube (36) is provided with a nozzle (38), each nozzle (38) is connected to a flexible delivery pipe (40) through a valve (39), and the delivery pipe (40) is connected to a pigment storage box (42) through a pump (41).

Images