Dipole transverse wave far exploration orientation distinguishing method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a dipole transverse wave far exploration direction distinguishing method and device, and the method comprises the steps: receiving acoustic logging data recorded in the lifting or lowering process of an acoustic wave far exploration logging device in a shaft through an orthogonal dipole transmitting and asymmetric receiving array receiver; recording the azimuth of an instrument coordinate system relative to a geodetic coordinate system by adopting a well deviation azimuth logging device; calculating a four-component data volume according to the acoustic logging data volume; according to the four-component data body, calculating a reflected wave data body emitted and received in any orientation, searching phi max which enables the data body to take the maximum value, and according to dipole sound wave orientation uncertainty, enabling the orientation of the geological anomalous body to be the maximum orientation or phi max + 180 degrees; phase comparison is carried out according to the maximum azimuth and the specific combination components SW1 and SW2, if the SW1 is ahead of the SW2, the geological anomalous body is located at phi max, and otherwise, the geological anomalous body is located at 180 degrees + phi max. The technical problem that the real orientation of the geological anomalous body is difficult to distinguish due to the orientation uncertainty of an existing dipole transverse wave remote exploration logging device is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and more particularly to a method and device for distinguishing azimuths of dipole shear wave far detection in geophysical exploration logging. Background Art

[0002] The acoustic far detection technology was early proposed by Hornby in the 1990s. In the early stage, monopole sound sources were used to radiate acoustic waves for far detection. Schlumberger developed the BARS reflected acoustic logging tool in 1998. After the Sonic Scanner was launched in 2006, acoustic reflection imaging measurements with azimuth resolution ability could be carried out. In addition, ELF developed an imaging function on its velocity and attenuation evaluation instrument and imaged typical sandstone and carbonate structures outside the well through reflected wave data. The frequency of the monopole source is generally about 10 kHz. The attenuation of higher-frequency waves results in a limited detection range, which is about several meters to more than ten meters. Tang proposed using a directional sound source and receiver in the far detection system, including single-dipole hybrid measurements (monopole excitation dipole reception or dipole excitation monopole reception) and cross-dipole measurement systems. Aiming at the deficiencies of the monopole source, Tang used the shear wave excited by the dipole sound source for far detection, pointing out that the radiated SH wave has a relatively complete coverage and good sensitivity in the vertical plane where the wellbore is located. The low-frequency nature of the wave field excited by the dipole source can effectively increase the lateral detection distance of far detection. In addition, the dipole source also has a certain directivity. By using multi-component dipole emission and reception, there is the potential to identify the azimuth angle of the reflector. Baker Hughes used this technology to evaluate fractured reservoirs and analyzed the fracture distribution outside the wellbore and the oil and gas storage and transportation.

[0003] The acoustic far detection logging technology emits acoustic waves in a fluid-filled wellbore. The acoustic waves propagate to the surrounding formation of the wellbore, encounter geological anomalies and are reflected, and are received by the receiving transducer located on the well axis. After filtering, stacking, migration, and imaging, an imaging map of geological anomalies within tens of meters around the well can be obtained. The acoustic far detection technology can be divided into monopole longitudinal wave and dipole shear wave imaging. The monopole longitudinal wave has a high frequency and a relatively short propagation distance, while the dipole shear wave has a low frequency and a long propagation distance. However, due to the symmetry of the sound field generated by the dipole emission transducer, it is still difficult for the existing technology to distinguish the accurate azimuth of the reflected wave of the geological anomaly, which poses a challenge to the accurate evaluation of the reservoir.

[0004] The reflected wave signal of acoustic reflection detection follows the following formula: ; Among them, RWV represents the received reflected wave; S is the system transfer function of the acoustic instrument, which includes signal generation and recording; RD is the borehole radiation directivity; RC is the receiving azimuth pattern; RF is the reflector reflection coefficient. They can all vary with the angular frequency.

[0005] In the prior art, CN111119851A provides an asymmetric far-detection logging method. In this method, a symmetric dipole array is used as the emission combination, and each emitter is matched with n receivers. There is a non-zero angle between any emitter and any receiver matched with it. By using the technical means of staggered arrangement of emitters and receivers, the asymmetric eccentric effect can be generated during shear wave detection, so that the reflection signals of geological anomalies in different azimuths can be obtained more sensitively. However, this method does not propose a method for azimuth discrimination of dipole shear wave far detection.

[0006] CN114779346A provides an acoustic logging method for accurately detecting geological structures outside the well based on orthogonal dipole four-component measurement. It directly compares the cross components in the four components, that is, Ns1 = xy, Ns2 = yx; the second is to combine the four-component rotation signals symmetrically distributed on both sides of the best imaging, that is, Ns1 = XX(φ0 + φopt), Ns2 = XX(φ0 - φopt). After obtaining the new signals Ns1 and Ns2, further compare the phase differences between them, that is, lead or lag. By directly observing the waveform, or using the fast Fourier transform or dynamic time warping method for calculation, through theoretical simulation, a pattern chart of the phase difference between the new signals Ns1 and Ns2 changing with the azimuth of the reflector outside the well is established. According to the theoretical simulation chart, judge whether φ 0 is the true azimuth angle of the reflector: if φ 0 is consistent with the relationship between the phase differences of the signals Ns1 and Ns2 in line with the law of the theoretical chart for azimuth discrimination. However, this method has high complexity and is not convenient to operate.

[0007] Aiming at the technical problems of high complexity and great difficulty in azimuth discrimination of dipole shear wave far detection in the above related technologies, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to receive the reflected wave signals from geological anomalies and distinguish the azimuth of the reflected waves on the premise of the symmetric sound field generated by the dipole emission transducer, and overcome the defect that the traditional technology cannot achieve azimuth recognition.

[0009] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for azimuth discrimination of dipole shear wave far detection to at least solve the technical problems in the related technologies.

[0010] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for azimuth discrimination of dipole shear wave long-offset logging is provided, including: Step 1: Place an acoustic logging tool and a well deviation azimuth logging tool together at a predetermined depth in a drilled well, and excite a sound source during the process of lifting or lowering. Among them, the acoustic logging tool includes an orthogonal dipole sound source and an asymmetric receiver array. The orthogonal dipole sound source includes an orthogonal dipole sound source composed of four transmitting transducers, which are x1, y1, x2, and y2 in the counterclockwise direction. The asymmetric receiver array includes four receiving transducers evenly distributed at equal angles in the circumferential direction, which are r1, r2, r3, and r4 in the counterclockwise direction. Among them, in the xoy plane of the instrument coordinate system, the included angle between the normal direction of the r1 receiving transducer and the normal direction of the x1 transmitting transducer is 45°; Step 2: Use the asymmetric receiver array to collect asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data, and the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data includes xr1, xr2, xr3, xr4, yr1, yr2, yr3, and yr4 component data; Step 3: During the logging process, the well deviation azimuth logging tool collects the azimuth angles of the x-axis or y-axis of the instrument coordinate system of the acoustic logging tool relative to the x-axis or y-axis of the geodetic coordinate system in real time; Step 4: Upload the azimuth angle data collected by the well deviation azimuth logging tool and the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data collected by the acoustic logging tool to the ground control station through the logging cable; Step 5: In the ground station, preprocess the symmetric four-component acoustic logging data to obtain preprocessed acoustic logging data; the preprocessing method is to use f-k filtering or median filtering to suppress the direct wave to achieve wave field separation; Step 6: Based on the preprocessed acoustic logging data, convert the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data into symmetric four-component acoustic logging data, and the symmetric four-component acoustic logging data includes xx, yy, xy, and yx component data; the conversion method is as follows in formula group (1): xx = m(xr1 - xr3); yy = m(yr2 - yr4); xy = m(xr2 - xr4); yx = m(yr1 - yr3); where m is a proportionality coefficient and takes a value not less than 1; where, xr1 represents the acquisition data of the r1 receiving transducer of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr2 represents the acquisition data of the r2 receiving transducer of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr3 represents the acquisition data of the r3 receiving transducer of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr4 represents the acquisition data of the r4 receiving transducer of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; yr1 represents the acquisition data of the r1 receiving transducer of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr2 represents the acquisition data of the r2 receiving transducer of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr3 represents the acquisition data of the r3 receiving transducer of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction;yr4 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r4 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; Step 7, perform azimuth detection. In the instrument coordinate system, with the angle φ relative to the instrument x-axis as a variable, rotate to generate the reflected wave signal XX(φ) = xxsin; 2 φ - (xy + yx)·sinφcosφ + yycos 2 φ, search for the angle φ when XX takes the maximum amplitude within the range of 0° - 180° max , because the dipole shear wave long-range detection method has 180° uncertainty, so φ max + 180° azimuth XX also obtains the maximum amplitude. Therefore, the result of the azimuth detection at this time is φ max or φ max + 180°; Step 8, according to the value of φ max , the dipole emission azimuth is in the X or Y direction, and the combined data of adjacent azimuth receivers of the asymmetric receiving are used to construct specific combined components SW1 and SW2: (1) When φ max ∈ [0°, 45°), the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (2): SW1 = xr14 = xr1 - xr4; SW2 = xr23 = xr2 - xr3; where, xr14 represents the combined data of adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r1 and r4 of the asymmetric receiving when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr23 represents the combined data of adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r2 and r3 of the asymmetric receiving when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; (2) When φ max ∈ [45°, 135°], the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (3): SW1 = yr12 = yr1 - yr2; SW2 = yr34 = yr3 - yr4; where, yr12 represents the combined data of adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r1 and r2 of the asymmetric receiving when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr34 represents the combined data of adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r3 and r4 of the asymmetric receiving when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; (3) When φ max ∈ (135°, 180°], the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (4): SW1 = xr23 = xr2 - xr3; SW2 = xr14 = xr1 - xr4; where, xr14 represents the combined data of adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r1 and r4 of the asymmetric receiving when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr23 represents the combined data of adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r2 and r3 of the asymmetric receiving when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; Step 9, perform azimuth discrimination. Compare the phase differences of the two specific combined components SW1 and SW2. If the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max , if the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max+180°; Step Ten: Repeat Steps Eight to Nine for each depth position within a certain depth range where the geological anomaly exists to obtain the true azimuth of the geological anomaly.

[0011] Optionally, the method for comparing the phase differences using the direct waveform observation method includes: finding the characteristic reflection waveforms on the specific combined components SW1 and SW2, where the characteristic reflection waveforms are wave peaks or wave valleys, and determining the phase sequence of SW1 and SW2 by comparing the sequence of appearance of the characteristic reflection waveforms in time.

[0012] Optionally, the method for comparing the phase differences using the first arrival wave method of the reflection wave includes: selecting an appropriate amplitude threshold based on the amplitude of the first arrival wave of the reflection wave, determining the corresponding times t1 and t2 of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 at this amplitude threshold and comparing them. If t1 < t2, then the phase of SW1 is ahead of that of SW2; otherwise, the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2.

[0013] Optionally, the method for comparing the phase differences using the correlation coefficient method of the sliding time window of the reflection wave includes: selecting a time window and calculating the correlation coefficient of the waveforms of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 using the formula set (4): ; where w1 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW1, w2 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW2, t represents the time of the waveform within the time window, and △t represents the time offset; if the correlation coefficient decreases as the sliding time increases, then the phase of SW1 is ahead of that of SW2, and the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max ; if the correlation coefficient increases as the sliding time increases, then the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, and the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°; Optionally, the method for comparing the phase differences using the derivative method of the correlation coefficient includes: selecting a time window and calculating the correlation coefficient of the waveforms of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 using the formula set (4): ; where w1 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW1, w2 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW2, t represents the time of the waveform within the time window, and △t represents the time offset; obtaining the first derivative dρ / dt of ρ(△t) and judging the phase sequence of SW1 and SW2 according to the sign of the first derivative dρ / dt; if the first derivative dρ / dt < 0, then the phase of SW1 is ahead of that of SW2, and the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max ; if the first derivative dρ / dt > 0, then the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, and the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°.

[0014] Optionally, the dipole shear wave long-offset azimuth discrimination method further includes: Step Twelve, according to the azimuth data recorded by the well deviation azimuth logging tool, converting the azimuth data of the geological anomaly from the instrument coordinate system to the geodetic coordinate system; Step Thirteen, performing migration imaging and time-depth conversion on the maximum amplitude signal XX(φ max ) or XX(φ max + 180°), and then determining the distance from the reflection interface of the geological anomaly to the well axis to obtain the imaging result of the geological anomaly.

[0015] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination device, including: an acquisition unit, which is used to place an acoustic logging device and a well deviation azimuth logging device together at a predetermined depth of a drilled well, and excite a sound source during the process of lifting or lowering. Among them, the acoustic logging device includes an orthogonal dipole sound source and an asymmetric receiver array. The orthogonal dipole sound source includes an orthogonal dipole sound source composed of four transmitting transducers, which are x1, y1, x2, and y2 in the counterclockwise direction respectively. The asymmetric receiver array includes four receiving transducers that are equally angularly distributed circumferentially, which are r1, r2, r3, and r4 in the counterclockwise direction respectively. Among them, in the xoy plane of the instrument coordinate system, the included angle between the normal direction of the r1 receiving transducer and the normal direction of the x1 transmitting transducer is 45°.An acquisition unit, which is used to acquire asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data by using the asymmetric receiver array, and the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data includes xr1, xr2, xr3, xr4, yr1, yr2, yr3, and yr4 component data; an azimuth unit, which is used during logging, the well deviation azimuth logging device real-time acquires the azimuth angles of the x-axis or y-axis of the instrument coordinate system of the acoustic logging device relative to the x-axis or y-axis of the geodetic coordinate system respectively; a transmission unit, which is used to upload the azimuth angle data acquired by the well deviation azimuth logging device and the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data acquired by the acoustic logging device to the ground control station through the logging cable; a preprocessing unit, which is used to preprocess the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data in the ground station to obtain preprocessed acoustic logging data; the preprocessing method is to use f-k filtering or median filtering to suppress the direct wave to achieve wave field separation; a first conversion unit, which is used to convert the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data into symmetric four-component acoustic logging data based on the preprocessed acoustic logging data, and the symmetric four-component acoustic logging data includes xx, yy, xy, and yx component data; the conversion method is as follows formula group (1): xx = m(xr1 - xr3); yy = m(yr2 - yr4); xy = m(xr2 - xr4); yx = m(yr1 - yr3); where m is a proportionality coefficient and takes a value not less than 1; where, xr1 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r1 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr2 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r2 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr3 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r3 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr4 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r4 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; yr1 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r1 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr2 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r2 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr3 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r3 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr4 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r4 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; an azimuth detection unit, which is used for azimuth detection, in the instrument coordinate system, with the angle φ relative to the instrument x-axis as a variable, rotates to generate a reflected wave signal XX(φ) = xxsin. 2 φ - (xy + yx)·sinφcosφ + yycos 2 φ, and searches for the angle φ when XX takes the maximum amplitude within the range of 0° - 180°. max , due to the 180° uncertainty of the dipole shear wave long-offset method, so φ maxThe maximum amplitude is also obtained in the +180° azimuth XX. Therefore, the result of azimuth detection at this time is φ max or φ max +180°; a combined component generation unit for constructing specific combined components SW1 and SW2 according to the value of φ max , the dipole emission azimuth in the X or Y direction, and the combined data of non-symmetrically received adjacent azimuth receivers: (1) When φ max ∈[0°, 45°), the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (2): SW1 = xr14 = xr1 - xr4; SW2 = xr23 = xr2 - xr3; where, xr14 represents the combined data of non-symmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r1 and r4 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr23 represents the combined data of non-symmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r2 and r3 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; (2) When φ max ∈[45°, 135°], the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (3): SW1 = yr12 = yr1 - yr2; SW2 = yr34 = yr3 - yr4; where, yr12 represents the combined data of non-symmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r1 and r2 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr34 represents the combined data of non-symmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r3 and r4 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; (3) When φ max ∈(135°, 180°], the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (4): SW1 = xr23 = xr2 - xr3; SW2 = xr14 = xr1 - xr4; where, xr14 represents the combined data of non-symmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r1 and r4 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr23 represents the combined data of non-symmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r2 and r3 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; an azimuth discrimination unit for performing azimuth discrimination, comparing the phase differences of the two specific combined components SW1 and SW2. If the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max , if the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°; a cyclic processing unit for repeating steps eight to nine for each depth position in a certain depth range where the geological body anomaly exists to obtain the true azimuth angle of the geological anomaly.

[0016] Optionally, the dipole shear wave long-distance detection azimuth discrimination device further includes: a direct waveform observation method unit. In the direct waveform observation method unit, the comparison method for the phase difference adopts the direct waveform observation method to find the characteristic reflection waveforms on the specific combined components SW1 and SW2. The characteristic reflection waveforms are wave peaks or wave valleys. By comparing the sequence of appearance of the characteristic reflection waveforms in time, the phase sequence of SW1 and SW2 is determined.

[0017] Optionally, the dipole shear wave long-distance detection azimuth discrimination device further includes: a reflected wave first arrival method unit. In the reflected wave first arrival method unit, the comparison method for the phase difference adopts the reflected wave first arrival method. An appropriate amplitude threshold is selected according to the amplitude of the reflected wave first arrival, and the corresponding times t1 and t2 of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 at this amplitude threshold are determined and compared. If t1 < t2, the phase of SW1 is ahead of that of SW2; otherwise, the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2.

[0018] Optionally, the dipole shear wave long-distance detection azimuth discrimination device further includes: a reflected wave sliding time window correlation coefficient unit. In the reflected wave sliding time window correlation coefficient unit, the comparison method for the phase difference adopts the reflected wave sliding time window correlation coefficient method, which includes selecting a time window and calculating the correlation coefficients of the waveforms of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 using the formula group (4): ; where w1 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW1, w2 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW2, t represents the time of the waveform within the time window, and △t represents the time offset. If the correlation coefficient decreases as the sliding time increases, the phase of SW1 is ahead of that of SW2, and the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max ; if the correlation coefficient increases as the sliding time increases, the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, and the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°.

[0019] Optionally, the dipole shear wave long-distance detection azimuth discrimination device further includes: a correlation coefficient derivative method unit. In the correlation coefficient derivative method unit, the comparison method for the phase difference adopts the correlation coefficient derivative method, which includes selecting a time window and calculating the correlation coefficients of the waveforms of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 using the formula group (4): ; where w1 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW1, w2 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW2, t represents the time of the waveform within the time window, and △t represents the time offset. The first derivative dρ / dt of ρ(△t) is obtained, and the phase sequence of SW1 and SW2 is judged according to the positive or negative of the first derivative dρ / dt. If the first derivative dρ / dt < 0, the phase of SW1 is ahead of that of SW2, and the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φmax ; if the first derivative dρ / dt > 0, then the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, and the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°.

[0020] Optionally, the dipole shear wave long-range detection azimuth discrimination device further includes: a second conversion unit, which is configured to convert the azimuth data of the geological anomaly from the instrument coordinate system to the geodetic coordinate system according to the azimuth data recorded by the well deviation azimuth logging device; an imaging unit, including: performing migration imaging on the maximum amplitude signal XX(φ max ) or XX(φ max +180°) and performing time-depth conversion, and then determining the distance from the reflection interface of the geological anomaly to the well axis to obtain the imaging result of the geological anomaly.

[0021] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer device, which includes a processor and a memory configured to store executable instructions of the processor; the processor is configured to execute the dipole shear wave long-range detection azimuth discrimination method.

[0022] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer storage medium, on which computer instructions are stored, and when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the dipole shear wave long-range detection azimuth discrimination method is implemented.

[0023] In the embodiments of the present invention, orthogonal dipole emission and an asymmetric receiving array receiver are used to receive acoustic long-range detection logging data recorded by an acoustic logging device during the up or down movement of the wellbore, and at the same time, a well deviation azimuth logging device is used to record the azimuth of the instrument coordinate system relative to the geodetic coordinate system. According to the acoustic logging data volumes xr1, xr2, xr3, xr4, yr1, yr2, yr3, yr4, the four-component data volumes XX, XY, YX, YY are calculated. According to the four-component data volumes, the reflection wave data volume XX(φ) of arbitrary azimuth emission and reception is calculated and searched within the range of 0°-180° to find the φ corresponding to the maximum value of XX(φ max . According to the uncertainty of the dipole acoustic azimuth, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max or φ max +180°. According to the value of φ max , specific combined components SW1 and SW2 are selected for phase comparison, and the direct waveform observation method or the first arrival wave method of the reflection wave or the correlation coefficient method of the sliding time window of the reflection wave or the derivative method of the correlation coefficient is used to compare the phase difference between the two. If SW1 is ahead of SW2, the geological anomaly is located at φ max , if the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, the geological anomaly is located at 180° + φ maxThe present invention solves the technical problem that it is difficult to distinguish the true azimuth of geological anomalies due to the azimuth uncertainty of existing dipole shear wave far-detection logging tools.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments of the above solution may have the following advantages or beneficial effects: 1. The present invention creatively proposes to use an acoustic logging tool based on orthogonal dipole emission and an asymmetric receiving array receiver to receive asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data including xr1, xr2, xr3, xr4, yr1, yr2, yr3, and yr4 component data for subsequent azimuth discrimination of dipole far-detection, which is different from using acoustic data received by an orthogonal dipole emission and a symmetric receiving array receiver for azimuth discrimination in the prior art.

[0025] 2. The present invention creatively proposes to construct specific combined components SW1 and SW2 by segmenting the combined data of adjacent azimuth receivers of asymmetric reception according to the value of φmax, the X or Y direction of the dipole emission azimuth, for azimuth discrimination of dipole far-detection.

[0026] 3. The present invention creatively proposes a judgment method of comparing the phase differences of the two by using the direct waveform observation method, or the first arrival method of the reflected wave, or the correlation coefficient method of the sliding time window of the reflected wave, or the derivative method of the correlation coefficient. If the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φmax; if the phase of SW1 lags that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φmax + 180°, thereby realizing the discrimination of the azimuth of the geological anomaly.

[0027] 4. The present invention solves the technical problem that it is difficult to distinguish the true azimuth of geological anomalies due to the azimuth uncertainty of existing dipole shear wave far-detection logging tools, and further solves the technical problem that the existing azimuth discrimination method is complex and not easy to operate.

[0028] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following specification, and part of them will be obvious from the specification, or will be understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the structures specifically pointed out in the specification, claims, and drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0029] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a dipole emission acoustic logging sonde according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an asymmetric receiving acoustic logging sonde according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a formation numerical simulation model with a dipole shear wave logging tool arranged in a wellbore according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a comparison of the combined received waveforms of adjacent azimuths on the same side and the back side during asymmetric reception under the condition of no geological anomaly bodies according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 It is an overall comparison of the reflected wave waveforms of adjacent azimuths on the same side and the back side of the anomaly during asymmetric reception under the condition of having geological anomaly bodies according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a graph of translation time and correlation coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a correspondence diagram of two combined synthesized waveforms after translation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 It is an imaging and anomaly amplitude pointing diagram of each azimuth of dipole shear wave far detection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 It is an imaging of acoustic wave far detection and a wellbore trajectory diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specific implementation manners

[0038] In order to enable those skilled in the art of the present technology to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order different from those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0040] For ease of description, some nouns or terms appearing in the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0041] Logging: Also known as geophysical logging, it is a method of measuring geophysical parameters by using the electrochemical characteristics, electrical conductivity characteristics, acoustic characteristics, radioactivity, and other geophysical characteristics of rock formations.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a method for dipole shear wave long-offset detection is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here.

[0043] A method for dipole shear wave long-offset azimuth discrimination includes: Step 1: Place the acoustic logging device and the well deviation azimuth logging device together at a predetermined depth in the drilled well, and excite the sound source during the process of lifting or lowering. Among them, the acoustic logging device includes an orthogonal dipole sound source and an asymmetric receiver array. The orthogonal dipole sound source includes an orthogonal dipole sound source composed of four transmitting transducers, which are x1, y1, x2, and y2 in the counterclockwise direction respectively. The asymmetric receiver array includes four receiving transducers evenly distributed at equal angles in the circumferential direction, which are r1, r2, r3, and r4 in the counterclockwise direction respectively. Among them, in the xoy plane of the instrument coordinate system, the normal angle between the r1 receiving transducer and the x1 transmitting transducer is 45°; Step 2: Use the asymmetric receiver array to collect asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data, and the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data includes xr1, xr2, xr3, xr4, yr1, yr2, yr3, and yr4 component data; Step 3: During the logging process, the well deviation azimuth logging device real-time collects the azimuth angles of the x-axis or y-axis of the instrument coordinate system of the acoustic logging device relative to the x-axis or y-axis of the earth coordinate system respectively; Step 4: Upload the azimuth angle data collected by the well deviation azimuth logging device and the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data collected by the acoustic logging device to the ground control station through the logging cable; Step 5: In the ground station, preprocess the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data to obtain preprocessed acoustic logging data; the preprocessing method is to use f-k filtering or median filtering to suppress the direct wave and achieve wave field separation; Step 6: Based on the preprocessed acoustic logging data, convert the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data into symmetric four-component acoustic logging data, and the symmetric four-component acoustic logging data includes xx, yy, xy, and yx component data; The conversion method is as follows in formula group (1): xx = m(xr1 - xr3); yy = m(yr2 - yr4); xy = m(xr2 - xr4); yx = m(yr1 - yr3); where m is a proportionality coefficient and takes a value not less than 1; Among them, xr1 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r1 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x - direction; xr2 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r2 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x - direction; xr3 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r3 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x - direction; xr4 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r4 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x - direction; yr1 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r1 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y - direction; yr2 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r2 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y - direction; yr3 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r3 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y - direction; yr4 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r4 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y - direction; Step Seven: Conduct azimuth detection. In the instrument coordinate system, with the angle φ relative to the instrument's x - axis as a variable, rotate to generate the reflected wave signal XX(φ)=xxsin 2 φ-(xy + yx)·sinφcosφ + yycos 2 φ, search for the angle φ when XX takes the maximum amplitude value within the range of 0° - 180° max , since the dipole shear - wave long - range detection method has 180° uncertainty, so φ max + 180° azimuth XX also obtains the maximum amplitude value. Therefore, the result of the azimuth detection at this time is φ max or φ max + 180°; Step Eight: According to the value of φ max , construct specific combined components SW1 and SW2 from the combined data of the adjacent azimuth receivers of the dipole emission azimuth in the X - direction or Y - direction and the asymmetric receiving: (1) When φ max ∈ [0°, 45°), the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (2): SW1 = xr14 = xr1 - xr4; SW2 = xr23 = xr2 - xr3; Among them, xr14 represents the combined data of the asymmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r1 and r4 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr23 represents the combined data of the asymmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r2 and r3 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction. (2)When φ max ∈[45°, 135°], the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (3): SW1 = yr12 = yr1 - yr2; SW2 = yr34 = yr3 - yr4; Among them, yr12 represents the combined data of the asymmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r1 and r2 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr34 represents the combined data of the asymmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r3 and r4 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction. (3)When φ max ∈(135°, 180°], the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (4): SW1 = xr23 = xr2 - xr3; SW2 = xr14 = xr1 - xr4; Among them, xr14 represents the combined data of the asymmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r1 and r4 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr23 represents the combined data of the asymmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r2 and r3 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction. Step Nine: Perform azimuth discrimination. Compare the phase differences of the two specific combined components SW1 and SW2. If the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max , if the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max + 180°; Step Ten: Repeat Step Eight to Step Nine for each depth position in a certain depth range where the geological body anomaly exists to obtain the true azimuth angle of the geological anomaly.

[0044] Optionally, the method for comparing the phase differences adopts the direct waveform observation method, which includes: finding the characteristic reflection waveforms on the specific combined components SW1 and SW2, where the characteristic reflection waveforms are wave peaks or wave valleys, and determining the phase sequence of SW1 and SW2 by comparing the time sequence of the appearance of the characteristic reflection waveforms.

[0045] Optionally, the method for comparing the phase differences adopts the reflected wave first arrival method, which includes: selecting an appropriate amplitude threshold according to the amplitude of the reflected wave first arrival, determining the corresponding moments t1 and t2 of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 at the amplitude threshold and comparing them. If t1 < t2, the phase of SW1 is ahead of that of SW2; otherwise, the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2.

[0046] Optionally, the method for comparing the phase differences adopts the reflected wave sliding time window correlation coefficient method, which includes: selecting a time window and calculating the correlation coefficient of the waveforms of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 using the formula set (4): ; where w1 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW1, w2 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW2, t represents the moment of the waveform within the time window, and △t represents the time offset; If the correlation coefficient decreases as the sliding time increases, the phase of SW1 is ahead of that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max ; If the correlation coefficient increases as the sliding time increases, the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°; Optionally, the method for comparing the phase differences adopts the correlation coefficient derivative method, which includes: selecting a time window and calculating the correlation coefficient of the waveforms of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 using the formula set (4): ; where w1 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW1, w2 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW2, t represents the moment of the waveform within the time window, and △t represents the time offset; Obtaining the first derivative dρ / dt of ρ(△t) and judging the phase sequence of SW1 and SW2 according to the positive or negative of the first derivative dρ / dt; If the first derivative dρ / dt < 0, the phase of SW1 is ahead of that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max ; If the first derivative dρ / dt > 0, the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°.

[0047] Optionally, the method for distinguishing the orientation of the dipole shear wave long distance detection further includes: Step Twelve: According to the azimuth data recorded by the well deviation azimuth logging tool, converting the azimuth data of the geological anomaly from the instrument coordinate system to the geodetic coordinate system; Step Thirteen: For the maximum amplitude signal XX(φ max ) or XX(φ maxPerform offset imaging with a +180° rotation and perform time-depth conversion, and then determine the distance from the reflection interface of the geological anomaly to the well axis to obtain the imaging result of the geological anomaly.

[0048] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the dipole emission acoustic logging tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the transmitting transducers x1, y1, x2, and y2 are distributed in the counterclockwise direction. x1 and x2 are located in the x direction of the instrument coordinate system, with the same vibration direction and amplitude. y1 and y2 are located in the y direction of the instrument coordinate system, with the same vibration direction and amplitude.

[0049] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the asymmetric receiving acoustic logging tool used according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 2 shown, the receiving transducers r1, r2, r3, and r4 are distributed in the counterclockwise direction. The angles between r1 and the positive directions of the x and y axes are both 45°. r1, r2, r3, and r4 are circumferentially distributed at equal azimuth intervals.

[0050] Figure 3 is a formation numerical simulation model with a dipole shear wave logging tool deployed in the wellbore according to an embodiment of the present invention. The formation models with and without geological anomalies are respectively simulated to obtain the waveform curves in the receiver combination. Figure 3 The x coordinate and y coordinate represent the transverse and longitudinal distances of the model respectively. The right coordinate represents the sound velocity, and the annular area represents the wellbore position in the model.

[0051] Figure 4 is a comparison of the received waveforms of the adjacent azimuth combinations on the same side and the back side of the asymmetric receiver under the condition of no geological anomaly according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from Figure 4, under the condition of a homogeneous isotropic formation and no geological anomaly, the waveforms of x12r14 and x12r23 are the same.

[0052] Figure 5 is an overall comparison of the reflected wave waveforms of the adjacent azimuth combinations on the same side and the back side of the anomaly under the condition of having a geological anomaly according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from Figure 5, when there is an anomaly on the r14 side, the waveform received by the x12r14 combination arrives earlier than that of x12r23, theoretically verifying the feasibility of this method. As can be seen from Figure 5, by the direct observation method, the wave crest or wave trough in the Figure 5 waveform can be used as the characteristic waveform; as Figure 5 can be seen, the reflected wave first arrival method is to select an appropriate amplitude threshold according to the amplitude of the reflected wave first arrival, such as Figure 5 the amplitude of 0.5×10 -3 (i.e., the y-axis value = 0.5×10 -3), draw a horizontal line, compare the moments t1 and t2 corresponding to the threshold value of SW1 and SW2. If t1 < t2, then the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2; otherwise, the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2.

[0053] Figure 6 is the graph of translation time and correlation coefficient according to the embodiment of the present invention. From Figure 6 It can be seen that generally, the correlation coefficient first increases and then decreases with the translation time, in a form similar to a parabola. From this figure, it can be seen that on the left side of the vertex of the parabola, the correlation coefficient increases with the increase of the translation time. At this time, the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°; on the right side of the vertex of the parabola, the correlation coefficient decreases with the increase of the sliding time, then the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max . Further, the first derivative of the correlation coefficient with respect to the translation time can be obtained. According to mathematical knowledge, on the left side of the vertex of the parabola, the correlation coefficient increases with the increase of the translation time. At this time, the derivative is >0, then the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°; on the right side of the vertex of the parabola, the correlation coefficient decreases with the increase of the sliding time. At this time, the derivative is <0, then the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max , and the derivative at the vertex is 0. It is stipulated that at this time, the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max .

[0054] Figure 7 is the graph of the correspondence of the two combined waveforms after translation according to the embodiment of the present invention. From Figure 7 it can be seen that the waveforms after translation are corresponding to the characteristic waveforms. Figure 8 is the imaging of each azimuth and the abnormal amplitude pointing graph of the dipole shear wave far detection according to the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 is the imaging of the acoustic wave far detection and the wellbore trajectory graph according to the embodiment of the present invention. The method of this embodiment is used to process the acoustic wave far detection logging data of a certain well section of a well. The azimuth recognition method provided by the present invention is used to process the data of this well. After Figure 9 verification by the sidetracking data shown, there is a geological anomaly in the well section of 5494.03 - 5527m, and its azimuth is consistent with the azimuth recognized by this method, verifying the accuracy of this method.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination device. It should be noted that the dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination device of the embodiment of the present invention can be used to execute the dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination method provided by the embodiment of the present invention. The following introduces the dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination device provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] A dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination device includes: An acquisition unit, including: putting a sonic logging tool and a well deviation azimuth logging tool together into a predetermined depth of a drilled well, and exciting a sound source during the process of lifting or lowering. Among them, the sonic logging tool includes an orthogonal dipole sound source and an asymmetric receiver array. The orthogonal dipole sound source includes an orthogonal dipole sound source composed of four transmitting transducers, which are x1, y1, x2, and y2 in the counterclockwise direction respectively. The asymmetric receiver array includes four receiving transducers distributed at equal circumferential angles, which are r1, r2, r3, and r4 in the counterclockwise direction respectively. Among them, in the xoy plane of the instrument coordinate system, the normal direction of the r1 receiving transducer forms an angle of 45° with the normal direction of the x1 transmitting transducer; A collection unit, including: using the asymmetric receiver array to collect asymmetric eight-component sonic logging data, and the asymmetric eight-component sonic logging data includes xr1, xr2, xr3, xr4, yr1, yr2, yr3, and yr4 component data; An azimuth angle unit, including: during the logging process, the well deviation azimuth logging tool real-time collects the azimuth angles of the x-axis or y-axis of the instrument coordinate system of the sonic logging tool relative to the x-axis or y-axis of the earth coordinate system respectively; A transmission unit, including: uploading the azimuth angle data collected by the well deviation azimuth logging tool and the asymmetric eight-component sonic logging data collected by the sonic logging tool to the ground control station through a logging cable; A preprocessing unit, including: in the ground station, preprocessing the asymmetric eight-component sonic logging data to obtain preprocessed sonic logging data; the preprocessing method is to use f-k filtering or median filtering to suppress the direct wave to achieve wave field separation; A first conversion unit, including: based on the preprocessed sonic logging data, converting the asymmetric eight-component sonic logging data into symmetric four-component sonic logging data, and the symmetric four-component sonic logging data includes xx, yy, xy, and yx component data; The conversion method is as follows in formula group (1): xx = m(xr1 - xr3); yy = m(yr2 - yr4); xy = m(xr2 - xr4); yx = m(yr1 - yr3); where m is a proportionality coefficient with a value not less than 1. Wherein, xr1 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r1 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr2 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r2 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr3 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r3 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr4 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r4 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; yr1 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r1 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr2 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r2 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr3 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r3 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr4 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r4 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction. The azimuth detection unit includes: performing azimuth detection. In the instrument coordinate system, with the angle φ relative to the instrument x-axis as a variable, rotate to generate the reflected wave signal XX(φ) = xxsin 2 φ - (xy + yx)·sinφcosφ + yycos 2 φ, and search for the angle φ when XX takes the maximum amplitude within the range of 0° - 180°. max , because the dipole shear wave long-range detection method has 180° uncertainty, so φ max +180° azimuth XX also obtains the maximum amplitude. Therefore, the result of azimuth detection at this time is φ max or φ max +180°; The combined component generation unit includes: according to the value of φ max , the dipole emission azimuth in the X direction or Y direction, and the combined data of adjacent azimuth receivers of the asymmetric receiving to construct specific combined components SW1 and SW2: (1) When φ max ∈[0°, 45°), the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (2): SW1 = xr14 = xr1 - xr4; SW2 = xr23 = xr2 - xr3; Wherein, xr14 represents the combined data of adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r1 and r4 of the asymmetric receiving when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr23 represents the combined data of adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r2 and r3 of the asymmetric receiving when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction. (2) When φ max ∈[45°, 135°], the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (3): SW1 = yr12 = yr1 - yr2; SW2 = yr34 = yr3 - yr4; Wherein, yr12 represents the combined data of the receiving transducers r1 and r2 at adjacent azimuths of asymmetric reception when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr34 represents the combined data of the receiving transducers r3 and r4 at adjacent azimuths of asymmetric reception when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; (3) When φ max ∈(135°, 180°], the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (4): SW1 = xr23 = xr2 - xr3; SW2 = xr14 = xr1 - xr4; Wherein, xr14 represents the combined data of the receiving transducers r1 and r4 at adjacent azimuths of asymmetric reception when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr23 represents the combined data of the receiving transducers r2 and r3 at adjacent azimuths of asymmetric reception when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; The azimuth discrimination unit includes: performing azimuth discrimination, comparing the phase differences of two specific combined components SW1 and SW2. If the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max , if the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°; The loop processing unit includes: repeating steps eight to nine for each depth position in a certain depth range where the geological body anomaly exists to obtain the true azimuth angle of the geological anomaly.

[0057] Optionally, the dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination device further includes: The direct waveform observation method unit includes: the phase difference comparison method uses the direct waveform observation method, searching for the characteristic reflection waveforms on the specific combined components SW1 and SW2, and the characteristic reflection waveforms are wave peaks or wave valleys. By comparing the time sequence of the appearance of the characteristic reflection waveforms, the phase sequence of SW1 and SW2 is determined.

[0058] Optionally, the dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination device further includes: The reflected wave first arrival method unit includes: the phase difference comparison method uses the reflected wave first arrival method. An appropriate amplitude threshold is selected according to the amplitude of the reflected wave first arrival, and the corresponding moments t1 and t2 of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 at this amplitude threshold are determined and compared. If t1 < t2, the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, otherwise the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2.

[0059] Optionally, the dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination device further includes: Reflection wave sliding time window correlation coefficient unit, including: the comparison method of the phase difference adopts the reflection wave sliding time window correlation coefficient method, including: selecting a time window, and calculating the correlation coefficient of the waveforms of specific combined components SW1 and SW2 by using formula group (4): ; wherein, w1 represents the waveform of specific combined component SW1, w2 represents the waveform of specific combined component SW2, t represents the moment of the waveform within the time window, and △t represents the time offset; If the correlation coefficient decreases as the sliding time increases, then the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, and the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max ; If the correlation coefficient increases as the sliding time increases, then the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, and the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°; Optionally, the dipole shear wave long - offset azimuth discrimination device further includes: Correlation coefficient derivative method unit, including: the comparison method of the phase difference adopts the correlation coefficient derivative method, including: selecting a time window, and calculating the correlation coefficient of the waveforms of specific combined components SW1 and SW2 by using formula group (4): ; wherein, w1 represents the waveform of specific combined component SW1, w2 represents the waveform of specific combined component SW2, t represents the moment of the waveform within the time window, and △t represents the time offset; Obtain the first - order derivative dρ / dt of ρ(△t), and judge the phase sequence of SW1 and SW2 according to the positive or negative of the first - order derivative dρ / dt; If the first - order derivative dρ / dt < 0, then the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, and the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max ; If the first - order derivative dρ / dt > 0, then the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, and the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°.

[0060] Optionally, the dipole shear wave long - offset azimuth discrimination device further includes: Second conversion unit, including: according to the azimuth data recorded by the well deviation azimuth logging device, converting the azimuth data of the geological anomaly from the instrument coordinate system to the geodetic coordinate system; Imaging unit, including: performing migration imaging and time - depth conversion on the maximum amplitude signal XX(φ max ) or XX(φ max +180°), and then determining the distance between the reflection interface of the geological anomaly and the well axis, and obtaining the imaging result of the geological anomaly.

[0061] The above-mentioned dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination includes a processor and a memory. The above-mentioned acquisition unit, collection unit, azimuth angle unit, preprocessing unit, transmission unit, first conversion unit, azimuth detection unit, receiver determination unit, combined component generation unit, azimuth discrimination unit, loop processing unit, second conversion unit, imaging unit, etc. are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the above program units stored in the memory to implement corresponding functions.

[0062] The above-mentioned processor includes a kernel, and the kernel retrieves the corresponding program units from the memory. One or more kernels can be set, and processing is performed by adjusting the kernel parameters.

[0063] The above-mentioned memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of, for example, read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM), and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0064] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer device, which includes a processor and a memory configured to store executable instructions of the processor; the processor is configured to execute the dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination method.

[0065] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer storage medium, on which computer instructions are stored, and characterized in that when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination method is implemented.

[0066] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a processor, which is used to run a program, and when the program runs, it executes the dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination method in any one of the above.

[0067] In an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer program product, which is suitable for executing a program initialized with the steps of the dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination method in any one of the above when executed on a data processing device.

[0068] The serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0069] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0070] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units can be a logical function division. In actual implementation, there can be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules can be in electrical or other forms.

[0071] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place or distributed to multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0072] In addition, each functional unit in various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0073] If the above-mentioned integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: USB flash drives, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), mobile hard disks, magnetic disks, or optical discs and other various media that can store program codes.

[0074] As described above, it is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the technology within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

[0075] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not limited to the specific structures, processing steps or materials disclosed herein, but should extend to equivalent alternatives of these features understood by those of ordinary skill in the relevant art. It should also be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and do not imply limitation.

[0076] As used herein, the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.

[0077] Although the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are as described above, the content described is only an embodiment adopted for the convenience of understanding the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art within the technical field to which the present invention pertains may make any modifications and variations in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed by the present invention. However, the scope of patent protection of the present invention shall still be subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for azimuth discrimination of dipole shear wave long - range detection, characterized in that, it includes: Step 1: Put the acoustic logging device and the well - deviation azimuth logging device together into a predetermined depth of the drilled well, and excite the sound source during the process of lifting or lowering. Among them, the acoustic logging device includes an orthogonal dipole sound source and an asymmetric receiver array. The orthogonal dipole sound source includes an orthogonal dipole sound source composed of four transmitting transducers, which are x1, y1, x2, y2 in the counter - clockwise direction. The asymmetric receiver array includes four receiving transducers evenly distributed at equal angles in the circumferential direction, which are r1, r2, r3, r4 in the counter - clockwise direction. Among them, in the xoy plane of the instrument coordinate system, the included angle between the normal direction of the r1 receiving transducer and the normal direction of the x1 transmitting transducer is 45°; Step 2: Use the asymmetric receiver array to collect asymmetric eight - component acoustic logging data, and the asymmetric eight - component acoustic logging data includes xr1, xr2, xr3, xr4, yr1, yr2, yr3, yr4 component data; Step 3: During the logging process, the well - deviation azimuth logging device real - time collects the azimuth angles of the x - axis or y - axis of the instrument coordinate system of the acoustic logging device relative to the x - axis or y - axis of the geodetic coordinate system respectively; Step 4: Upload the azimuth angle data collected by the well - deviation azimuth logging device and the asymmetric eight - component acoustic logging data collected by the acoustic logging device to the ground control station through the logging cable; Step 5: In the ground station, pre - process the asymmetric eight - component acoustic logging data to obtain the pre - processed acoustic logging data; the pre - processing method is to use f - k filtering or median filtering to suppress the direct wave and achieve wave - field separation; Step 6: Based on the pre - processed acoustic logging data, convert the asymmetric eight - component acoustic logging data into symmetric four - component acoustic logging data, and the symmetric four - component acoustic logging data includes xx, yy, xy, yx component data; The conversion method is as follows in formula group (1): xx = m(xr1 - xr3); yy = m(yr2 - yr4); xy = m(xr2 - xr4); yx = m(yr1 - yr3); where m is a proportionality coefficient, taking a value not less than 1; Among them, xr1 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r1 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr2 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r2 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr3 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r3 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr4 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r4 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; yr1 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r1 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr2 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r2 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr3 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r3 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr4 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r4 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; Step 7: Conduct azimuth detection. In the instrument coordinate system, with the angle φ relative to the instrument x-axis as a variable, generate XX(φ) = xxsin 2 φ - (xy + yx)·sinφcosφ + yycos 2 φ, and search for the angle φ at which XX takes the maximum amplitude within the range of 0° - 180° max . Since the dipole shear wave long-offset detection method has 180° uncertainty, the azimuth XX at φ max + 180° also obtains the maximum amplitude. Therefore, the result of the azimuth detection at this time is φ max or φ max + 180°; Step VIII. According to the value of φ max , the dipole emission azimuth in the X or Y direction, and the combined data of asymmetrically receiving adjacent azimuth receivers, construct specific combined components SW1 and SW2: (1) When φ max ∈ [0°, 45°), the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (2): SW1 = xr14 = xr1 - xr4; SW2 = xr23 = xr2 - xr3; Among them, xr14 represents the combined data of the receiving transducers r1 and r4 of the asymmetric receiving adjacent azimuths when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr23 represents the combined data of the receiving transducers r2 and r3 of the asymmetric receiving adjacent azimuths when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; (2) When φ max ∈ [45°, 135°], the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (3): SW1 = yr12 = yr1 - yr2; SW2 = yr34 = yr3 - yr4; Among them, yr12 represents the combined data of the receiving transducers r1 and r2 of the asymmetric receiving adjacent azimuths when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr34 represents the combined data of the receiving transducers r3 and r4 of the asymmetric receiving adjacent azimuths when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; (3) When φ max ∈ (135°, 180°], the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (4): SW1 = xr23 = xr2 - xr3; SW2 = xr14 = xr1 - xr4; Among them, xr14 represents the combined data of the receiving transducers r1 and r4 of the asymmetric receiving adjacent azimuths when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr23 represents the combined data of the receiving transducers r2 and r3 of the asymmetric receiving adjacent azimuths when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; Step 9: Perform azimuth differentiation. Compare the phase differences between two specific combined components SW1 and SW2. If the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max , if the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°; Step Ten: Repeat Step Eight to Step Nine for each depth position in a certain depth range where the geological body anomaly exists to obtain the true azimuth angle of the geological anomaly.

2. The dipole shear wave far - detection azimuth discrimination method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the comparison method of the phase difference adopts the direct waveform observation method, which includes: finding the characteristic reflection waveforms on the specific combined components SW1 and SW2, where the characteristic reflection waveforms are wave peaks or wave valleys, and determining the phase sequence of SW1 and SW2 by comparing the time sequence of the appearance of the characteristic reflection waveforms.

3. The dipole shear wave far - detection azimuth discrimination method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comparison method of the phase difference adopts the reflected wave first arrival method, including: selecting an appropriate amplitude threshold according to the amplitude of the reflected wave first arrival, determining the corresponding moments t1 and t2 of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 at this amplitude threshold and comparing them. If t1 < t2, the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2; otherwise, the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2.

4. The dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination method according to claim 1, characterized in that the comparison method of the phase difference adopts the reflected wave sliding time window correlation coefficient method, including: selecting a time window and calculating the correlation coefficient of the waveforms of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 by using the formula group (4): ； where w1 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW1, w2 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW2, t represents the moment of the waveform within the time window, and △t represents the time offset; If the correlation coefficient decreases as the time offset increases, then the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max ; If the correlation coefficient increases as the time offset increases, then the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°.

5. The dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination method according to claim 1, characterized in that the comparison method of the phase difference adopts the correlation coefficient derivative method, including: selecting a time window and calculating the correlation coefficient of the waveforms of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 by using the formula group (4): ； where w1 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW1, w2 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW2, t represents the moment of the waveform within the time window, and △t represents the time offset; obtaining the first derivative dρ / dt of ρ(△t) and judging the phase sequence of SW1 and SW2 according to the positive or negative of the first derivative dρ / dt; If the first derivative dρ / dt < 0, then the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max ; If the first derivative dρ / dt > 0, then the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°.

6. The dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination method further includes: Step Twelve: According to the azimuth data recorded by the well deviation azimuth logging device, converting the azimuth data of the geological anomaly body from the instrument coordinate system to the geodetic coordinate system; Step Thirteen: Perform migration imaging on the maximum amplitude signal XX(φ max ) or XX(φ max +180°), and then perform time-depth conversion to determine the distance between the reflection interface of the geological anomaly body and the well axis, obtaining the imaging result of the geological anomaly body.

7. A dipole shear wave far-detection azimuth discrimination device, characterized in that it includes: An acquisition unit, which is used to place the acoustic logging device and the well deviation azimuth logging device together at a predetermined depth of the drilled well and excite the sound source during the process of lifting or lowering. Among them, the acoustic logging device includes an orthogonal dipole sound source and an asymmetric receiver array. The orthogonal dipole sound source includes an orthogonal dipole sound source composed of four transmitting transducers, which are x1, y1, x2, and y2 in the counterclockwise direction respectively. The asymmetric receiver array includes four receiving transducers with equal angular distribution in the circumferential direction, which are r1, r2, r3, and r4 in the counterclockwise direction respectively. Among them, in the xoy plane of the instrument coordinate system, the normal angle between the r1 receiving transducer and the x1 transmitting transducer is 45°; A collection unit, which is used to collect asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data by using the asymmetric receiver array. The asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data includes xr1, xr2, xr3, xr4, yr1, yr2, yr3, and yr4 component data; An azimuth unit, including: during the logging process, the well deviation azimuth logging device real-time collects the azimuth angles of the x-axis or y-axis of the instrument coordinate system of the acoustic logging device relative to the x-axis or y-axis of the geodetic coordinate system respectively. A transmission unit, which is used to upload the azimuth data collected by the well deviation azimuth logging tool and the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data collected by the acoustic logging tool to the ground control station through a logging cable; A preprocessing unit, which is used to preprocess the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data in the ground station to obtain preprocessed acoustic logging data; the preprocessing method is to use f-k filtering or median filtering to suppress the direct wave and achieve wave field separation; A first conversion unit, which is used to convert the asymmetric eight-component acoustic logging data into symmetric four-component acoustic logging data based on the preprocessed acoustic logging data, and the symmetric four-component acoustic logging data includes xx, yy, xy, and yx component data; The conversion method is as follows in formula group (1): xx = m(xr1 - xr3); yy = m(yr2 - yr4); xy = m(xr2 - xr4); yx = m(yr1 - yr3); where m is a proportionality coefficient and takes a value not less than 1; Among them, xr1 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r1 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr2 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r2 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr3 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r3 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr4 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r4 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; yr1 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r1 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr2 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r2 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr3 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r3 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr4 represents the acquisition data of the receiving transducer r4 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; Azimuth detection unit, which is used for azimuth detection. In the instrument coordinate system, with the angle φ relative to the instrument x-axis as a variable, it rotates to generate a reflected wave signal XX(φ) = xxsin 2 φ - (xy + yx)·sinφcosφ + yycos 2 φ, and searches for the angle φ when XX takes the maximum amplitude within the range of 0° - 180° max . Since the dipole shear wave long-offset method has 180° uncertainty, so φ max + 180° azimuth XX also obtains the maximum amplitude. Therefore, the result of azimuth detection at this time is φ max or φ max + 180°; Combined component generation unit, comprising: according to the value of φ max , the dipole emission azimuth in the X or Y direction, and the combined data of asymmetrically receiving adjacent azimuth receivers to construct specific combined components SW1 and SW2: (1) When φ max ∈ [0°, 45°), the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (2): SW1 = xr14 = xr1 - xr4; SW2 = xr23 = xr2 - xr3; Among them, xr14 represents the combined data of the adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r1 and r4 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr23 represents the combined data of the adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r2 and r3 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; (2) When φ max ∈ [45°, 135°], the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (3): SW1 = yr12 = yr1 - yr2; SW2 = yr34 = yr3 - yr4; Among them, yr12 represents the combined data of the adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r1 and r2 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; yr34 represents the combined data of the adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r3 and r4 of the asymmetric receiving array when the dipole emission azimuth is in the y direction; (3) When φ max ∈ (135°, 180°], the calculation methods of SW1 and SW2 are as follows in formula group (4): SW1 = xr23 = xr2 - xr3; SW2 = xr14 = xr1 - xr4; Among them, xr14 represents the combined data of the asymmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r1 and r4 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction; xr23 represents the combined data of the asymmetrically received adjacent azimuth receiving transducers r2 and r3 when the dipole emission azimuth is in the x direction. An azimuth discrimination unit, which is used to perform azimuth discrimination, compare the phase differences of two specific combined components SW1 and SW2, and if the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max , and if the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, the azimuth of the geological anomaly is φ max + 180°; A loop processing unit, which is used to repeat steps eight to nine for each depth position in a certain depth range where the geological body anomaly exists, to obtain the true azimuth angle of the geological anomaly.

8. The dipole shear wave long-distance detection azimuth discrimination device according to claim 7, characterized in that the dipole shear wave long-distance detection azimuth discrimination device further includes: a reflected wave sliding time window correlation coefficient calculation unit, where the reflected wave sliding time window correlation coefficient calculation unit is used to adopt the reflected wave sliding time window correlation coefficient method for the phase difference comparison method, specifically: select a time window and calculate the correlation coefficient of the waveforms of the specific combined components SW1 and SW2 using the formula set (4): ； where w1 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW1, w2 represents the waveform of the specific combined component SW2, t represents the time of the waveform within the time window, and △t represents the time offset; If the correlation coefficient decreases as the sliding time increases, then the phase of SW1 leads that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max ; If the correlation coefficient increases with the sliding time, then the phase of SW1 lags behind that of SW2, and the orientation of the geological anomaly is φ max +180°.

9. A computer device, characterized in that the computer device includes a processor and a memory configured to store instructions executable by the processor; the processor is configured to execute the dipole shear wave long-distance detection azimuth discrimination method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer storage medium, on which computer instructions are stored, characterized in that when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the dipole shear wave long-distance detection azimuth discrimination method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is realized.

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