Underground cable laying device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a buried cable laying device and method, and belongs to the technical field of cable laying. A buried cable laying device comprises a placing mechanism used for placing a cable reel and a laying mechanism used for laying cables and covering soil at the same time. The placing mechanism comprises a placing frame and a lifting assembly arranged on the surface of the placing frame and used for driving the cable reel to be lifted, and the lifting assembly lifts the cable reel through a clamping assembly. The laying mechanism comprises a lifting frame which slides up and down on the rear side of the placing frame and a traction assembly used for dragging the cable. By arranging the brake assembly, when cable laying work needs to be paused, a traction wheel stops working, an electromagnet is powered off through a conductive assembly, magnetism disappears, and a second spring drives a push rod to push a brake block to slide, so that an insertion block is inserted into an insertion groove to brake a positive and negative threaded column and a cable disc; and the cable tray is prevented from continuously rotating under the action of inertia to release redundant cables.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable laying, and in particular to a device and method for laying underground cables. Background Art

[0002] Cable laying refers to the process of laying and installing cables along a planned path to form a cable line. It is an important technical link in power engineering. Among them, underground cable laying is widely used due to its advantages such as simple construction and short construction period. At present, when laying cables underground, if the soil meets the requirements, direct burial can be carried out by directly cutting grooves.

[0003] At present, direct burial laying usually requires trenching first, laying cables, and then burying. The processes are carried out separately and require the use of multiple equipments. The laying cost is high. In addition, when the existing cable laying devices are laying cables, the cables are usually directly pulled to make the cable drum rotate freely to release the cables. However, in the actual laying process, when the laying work needs to be suspended, the traction force on the cables suddenly disappears, and the cable drum will continue to rotate until it stops due to inertia, resulting in excessive release of cables, causing the cable drum or cable mixing wheel phenomenon.

[0004] Therefore, the present application proposes an underground cable laying device and method, which can cover the soil while laying the cables, and can also stop the cable drum from rotating synchronously when the laying work is suspended to prevent excessive release of cables. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and to propose an underground cable laying device and method.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A buried cable laying device, comprising a placement mechanism for placing a cable drum and a laying mechanism for laying cables and covering soil at the same time; The placement mechanism includes a placement rack and a lifting assembly arranged on the surface of the placement rack for driving the cable drum to be lifted, and the lifting assembly lifts the cable drum through a clamping assembly; The laying mechanism includes a lifting frame that slides up and down on the rear side of the placement frame and a traction assembly for dragging the cable, wherein the traction assembly is located above the lifting frame; The surface of the traction assembly is provided with a brake assembly for stopping the cable drum from rotating in time. The brake assembly includes a brake block for braking the cable drum and a push rod for pushing the brake block. The push rod is separated from the brake block by an electromagnet.

[0007] In some embodiments, the lifting assembly includes guide rods fixed on both sides of the placement frame and a lower positioning plate that slides vertically on the surface of the guide rods. The surface of the guide rods is fixed with an upper positioning plate located above the lower positioning plate. The upper positioning plate and the lower positioning plate are used to limit the clamping assembly.

[0008] In some embodiments, the traction assembly includes a fixed frame sliding on the rear side of the placement frame and a traction wheel rotating in the middle of the fixed frame, a second mounting frame is fixed in the middle of the fixed frame, and through grooves for sliding a second slider are opened on both sides of the second mounting frame, and another traction wheel rotates on the opposite surfaces of the two second sliders.

[0009] In some embodiments, the lower end of the brake block slides horizontally on the side of the lower positioning plate away from the guide rod, and an insert block is fixed to the side of the upper end of the brake block facing the positive and negative threaded columns. A plurality of slots matching the insert block are opened at one end of the clamping assembly close to the brake block, and a third spring is fixed on the surface of the brake block for pushing the brake block to slide in the direction of the push rod.

[0010] In some embodiments, a second spring is fixed to the side of the push rod for driving the push rod to slide toward the brake block, and a vertically arranged extension plate is fixed to one end of the push rod close to the brake block.

[0011] In some embodiments, the brake assembly also includes a conductive assembly for controlling the power supply to the electromagnet, the conductive assembly including a conductive disk rotated by a rotating shaft and a conductive ring fixed on the surface of the electromagnet, two conductive blocks are slidably connected to the surface of the conductive disk, a first tension spring for driving the conductive blocks to separate from the conductive ring is fixed at the inner ends of the two conductive blocks, and the conductive disk is transmission-connected to the traction wheel located below via a driven gear and a driving gear.

[0012] In some embodiments, the laying mechanism also includes two sets of soil covering components symmetrically arranged on the surface of the sliding frame, and the soil covering components include covering plates for pushing soil on both sides of the groove into the groove and a sliding frame for driving the covering plates to slide on the surface of the lifting frame. The sliding frame slides on the inclined surface of the lifting frame, and the covering plates rotate at the lower end of the sliding frame through a rotating shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments, lifting components for controlling the height of the fixed frame are respectively provided at both ends of the lifting frame, and the lifting components include a lifting frame sliding on the inclined surface of the lifting frame, a connecting block is fixed on the surface of the lifting frame, and a top block for pushing the connecting block is fixed on the surface of the sliding frame.

[0014] In some embodiments, the inner sides of the two sliding frames are respectively provided with limit assemblies for limiting the height of the sliding frames, the limit assemblies include a limit rod that slides laterally on the inner side of the sliding frame and a plurality of limit grooves provided on the surface of the lifting frame, the surface of the limit rod is sleeved with a third tension spring for driving the limit rod to separate from the limit groove, a second pull rope for driving the limit rod to be inserted into the limit groove is fixed to the tail end of the limit rod, the other end of the second pull rope is fixed to the opposite side of the covering plate, and a reversing wheel for changing the pulling direction of the second pull rope is rotated on the inner side of the sliding frame.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for laying underground cables, based on the above-mentioned underground cable laying device, comprising the following steps: S1, installing the clamping assembly in the center hole of the cable drum, then moving the placement frame to the top of the cable drum through the walking mechanism, raising the cable drum through the lifting assembly, and limiting the clamping assembly through the upper positioning plate and the lower positioning plate; S2, move the placement frame to the top of the groove, and use the lifting frame to push the guide assembly into the pre-opened groove. When the lifting frame descends, the soil covering assembly is driven to move downward. When the soil covering plate contacts the ground, the ground provides a reaction force to the soil covering plate, so that the soil covering plate slides upward through the sliding frame, and the height difference between the soil covering plate and the bottom of the guide assembly is automatically adjusted to adapt to grooves of different depths. At the same time, the lifting assembly lifts the fixed frame to control its height; S3, manually placing one end of the cable between the two traction wheels, dragging the cable from the surface of the cable drum through the traction wheel, and laying the cable in the groove through the guide assembly, while the walking mechanism drives the cable drum forward to perform laying work, and the covering plate performs bulldozing work to push the soil into the groove; S4. When the laying work is suspended, the traction wheel stops working, the electromagnet is powered off through the conductive component, the magnetism disappears, and the second spring drives the push rod to push the brake block so that the insert block is inserted into the slot to brake the cable drum.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an underground cable laying device and method, which have the following beneficial effects.

[0017] 1. The present invention provides a brake assembly. When the cable laying work needs to be suspended, the traction wheel stops working, the electromagnet is powered off through the conductive assembly, the magnetism disappears, and the push rod is driven by the second spring to push the brake block to slide, so that the insert block is inserted into the slot, the positive and negative threaded columns and the cable drum are braked, and the cable drum is prevented from continuously rotating under the action of inertia and releasing excess cables.

[0018] 2. The present invention sets a soil covering assembly. After laying the cables, two soil covering plates push the soil on both sides of the groove into the groove to fill the groove and improve work efficiency. Under the action of the sliding frame, when the guide assembly penetrates into the grooves of different depths, the ground provides a reaction force to the soil covering plate, so that the soil covering plate slides upward through the sliding frame, thereby achieving the purpose of adaptive height.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description; and in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following; or, may be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the positive axial structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the lateral axial structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the lifting assembly in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure enlarged at point A in the middle.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the use status of the clamping assembly in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the rear axial structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide assembly in the present invention.

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the traction assembly in the present invention.

[0029] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conductive component in the present invention.

[0030] Fig.11 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B.

[0031] Fig.12 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0032] Fig.13It is a schematic diagram of the use state of the cover plate after being opened in the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Placement rack; 2. Lifting assembly; 201. Guide rod; 202. Lower positioning plate; 203. Upper positioning plate; 204. Winch wheel; 205. First pull rope; 3. Clamping assembly; 301. Positive and negative threaded column; 302. Clamping wheel; 4. Walking mechanism; 5. Lifting rack; 501. First threaded rod; 502. Synchronous wheel; 503. Synchronous belt; 6. Guide assembly; 601. Slot plate; 602. Lower conveying wheel; 603. First mounting rack; 604. First slider; 605. First spring; 606. Upper conveying wheel; 7. Traction assembly; 701. Fixed rack; 702. Traction wheel; 703. Second mounting rack; 704. Second slider; 705. Second threaded rod; 8. Brake assembly; 801. Electromagnet; 802. Conductive assembly; 8021. Conductive disk; 8022. Conductive ring ;8023, first tension spring;8024, conductive block;803, push rod;8031, second spring;8032, extension plate;804, brake block;8041, plug block;8042, slot;8043, third spring;805, driving gear;806, driven gear;9, soil covering assembly;901, soil covering plate;902, sliding frame;903, limit rod;904, limit block;905, second tension spring;10, displacement sensor;11, limit assembly;1101, limit plug rod;1102, limit slot;1103, third tension spring;1104, second pull rope;1105, reversing wheel;1106, guide block;1107, guide plate;12, lifting assembly;1201, lifting frame;1202, connecting block;1203, top block;13, positioning sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0035] Reference Figure 1-13, a buried cable laying device, including a placing mechanism for placing a cable drum and a laying mechanism for simultaneously laying cables and covering soil, the placing mechanism including a placing frame 1 and a walking mechanism 4 fixed on both sides of the bottom of the placing frame 1, a lifting assembly 2 for driving the cable drum to be lifted is arranged on the surface of the placing frame 1, the cable drum is arranged on the surface of the lifting assembly 2 through a clamping assembly 3, the clamping assembly 3 includes a positive and negative threaded column 301 and two clamping wheels 302 respectively threadedly connected to the surface of the positive and negative threaded column 301, the surface of the positive and negative threaded column 301 is two opposite threads, and the loosening direction of the two clamping wheels 302 is opposite to the laying direction of the cable drum, and conical columns are respectively fixed on the opposite surfaces of the two clamping wheels 302, the major diameter of the positive and negative threaded column 301 is smaller than the diameter of the central hole of the cable drum, optical axes are respectively arranged at both ends of the positive and negative threaded column 301, and the diameter of the optical axis is smaller than the minor diameter of the thread of the positive and negative threaded column 301, the lifting assembly 2 includes guide rods 201 fixed on both sides of the placing frame 1 to The upper and lower positioning plates 203 and 202 are fixed on the surface of the guide rod 201, and the upper and lower positioning plates 203 and 202 are fixed on the surface of the guide rod 201. The upper and lower positioning plates 203 and 202 are fixed on the opposite surfaces thereof, respectively, with grooves for positioning the optical axis of the positive and negative threaded columns 301. A plurality of ball bearings are arranged at intervals inside the grooves. Two winch wheels 204 are fixed on the upper surface of the placement frame 1. The surfaces of the two winch wheels 204 are respectively wrapped with first pull ropes 205. The lower ends of the first pull ropes 205 pass through the upper positioning plates 203 and are fixed on the upper surface of the lower top block 1203, for driving the lower positioning plate 202 to move upward. The two winch wheels 204 are driven to rotate by a double-headed motor, and the double-headed motor is fixed on the upper surface of the placement frame 1. Positioning sensors 13 for positioning the rising height of the lower positioning plate 202 are respectively fixed on the opposite surfaces of the placement frame 1 and the lower positioning plate 202. The walking mechanism 4 includes walking wheels driven to rotate by a driving motor and a support frame for installing the walking wheels.

[0036] It can be understood that by providing the positive and negative threaded column 301 and the clamping wheel 302, the positive and negative threaded column 301 is inserted into the central hole of the cable drum, and the clamping wheels 302 are respectively installed at both ends of the positive and negative threaded column 301, so that the two clamping wheels 302 drive the conical column to be inserted into the central hole of the cable drum for squeezing and clamping, thereby positioning the center of the cable drum. Since the cable drum is rotated clockwise, refer to Figure 2The loosening direction of the two clamping wheels 302 is opposite to the unwinding rotation direction of the cable drum, so as to avoid the clamping wheels 302 being driven to rotate during the rotation of the cable drum, causing the two clamping wheels 302 to loosen, so that the placement frame 1 is moved to the top of the cable drum through the walking mechanism 4, and the lower positioning plate 202 is moved to the bottom of the optical axis of the positive and negative threaded column 301, and the two winch wheels 204 are rotated at the same time to reel the first pull rope 205, so that the first pull rope 205 drives the lower positioning plate 202 to slide upward on the surface of the guide rod 201, so that the lower positioning plate 202 is aligned The optical axis of the reverse threaded column 301 is lifted to raise the cable reel. Under the action of the positioning sensor 13, the height of the lower positioning plate 202 is positioned. When the height of the lower positioning plate 202 corresponds to the height of the positioning sensor 13, the lower positioning plate 202 is merged with the upper positioning plate 203. The positive and negative threaded column 301 is limited by the upper positioning plate 203 and the lower positioning plate 202. Under the action of multiple balls, the positive and negative threaded column 301 and the cable reel can rotate freely. In this way, cable reels of different specifications can be fixed to improve the scope of application.

[0037] Specifically, the laying mechanism includes a lifting frame 5 that slides up and down on the rear side of the placement frame 1 and a traction assembly 7 for dragging the cable. The traction assembly 7 is located above the lifting frame 5. A guide assembly 6 for laying the cable is fixed in the middle of the lifting frame 5. The lifting frame 5 is U-shaped, and the tail is an inclined surface inclined from top to bottom away from the cable drum. The guide assembly 6 is obliquely fixed in the middle of the lifting frame 5, and the upper end is inclined toward the cable drum. Two first threaded rods 501 are rotatably connected to the rear side of the placement frame 1, and are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the lifting frame 5. The upper ends of the two first threaded rods 501 are respectively fixedly connected with synchronous wheels 502, and the two synchronous wheels 502 are transmission-connected by a synchronous belt 503. One of the first threaded rods 501 is driven and connected by a first drive motor. The first drive motor is fixed on the top of the placement frame 1. A U-shaped frame for installing the first drive motor is fixed on the top of the placement frame 1. The guide assembly 6 includes a groove plate 601 fixed in the middle of the lifting frame 5 and a rotating There are multiple lower conveying wheels 602 inside the slot plate 601, and multiple first mounting frames 603 are fixed on the surface of the slot plate 601. The first mounting frames 603 are U-shaped, and through grooves for sliding the first sliders 604 are respectively opened on both sides of the first mounting frames 603. The two first sliders 604 slide on the inner walls of the through grooves on both sides of the first mounting frames 603. The two first sliders 604 are H-shaped, and upper conveying wheels 606 are rotatably connected on opposite surfaces of the two first sliders 604. First springs 605 for driving the first sliders 604 to slide downward are fixed on the surfaces of the two first sliders 604. The multiple upper conveying wheels 606 correspond to the positions of the lower conveying wheels 602 located at the upper end of the slot plate 601, the lower end of the slot plate 601 and the middle part of the slot plate 601, respectively. The surfaces of the upper conveying wheels 606 and the lower conveying wheels 602 are both concave arcs. The lower conveying wheel 602 located in the middle part of the slot plate 601 is driven to rotate by a second driving motor, and the second driving motor is fixed to the side of the slot plate 601; The traction assembly 7 includes a fixed frame 701 sliding on the rear side of the placement frame 1 and a traction wheel 702 rotating on the middle part of the fixed frame 701. A U-shaped groove is opened in the middle part of the fixed frame 701, and the traction wheel 702 rotates in the U-shaped groove. A second mounting frame 703 is fixed to the middle part of the fixed frame 701. Through grooves for sliding second sliders 704 are opened on both sides of the second mounting frame 703. The two second sliders 704 slide on the inner walls of the through grooves on both sides of the second mounting frame 703 respectively. The second slider 704 is H-shaped. A second threaded rod 705 is threadedly connected to the surface of the second mounting frame 703. The lower end of the second threaded rod 705 rotates on the upper surface of the second slider 704. Another traction wheel 702 rotates on the opposite surface of the two second sliders 704. The surfaces of the two traction wheels 702 are both concave arcs. The traction wheel 702 located below is driven to rotate by a third drive motor. The third drive motor is fixed to the surface of the fixed frame 701. A displacement sensor 10 for detecting the rotation of the walking wheel is fixed on the surface of the walking mechanism 4.

[0038] It can be understood that when laying cables, the first threaded rod 501 is driven to rotate by the first driving motor, and under the action of the synchronous belt 503 and the synchronous wheel 502, the two first threaded rods 501 synchronous belt 503 drive the lifting frame 5 to slide on the surface of the placement frame 1, so that the lifting frame 5 drives the guide component 6 to go deep into the pre-opened groove, and the traction wheel 702 is driven to rotate by the third driving motor. Under the action of the two traction wheels 702, the cable is dragged out from the surface of the cable drum, so that the cable drum can rotate freely on the surfaces of the upper positioning plate 203 and the lower positioning plate 202 through the clamping assembly 3, and the dragged cable is transported to the groove through the multiple lower conveying wheels 602, and the cable is laid, and the upper conveying wheel 606 and the lower conveying wheel 60 are driven by the first spring 605. 2 cooperates to generate a clamping force on the cable to prevent the cable from running off track. By arranging a second driving motor on the lower conveying wheel 602 in the middle, a pulling force is generated on the cable to prevent the guide assembly 6 from bending the cable due to the lack of pulling force when laying a cable with a thinner diameter, thereby affecting the laying work. By arranging a second threaded rod 705 on the surface of the traction wheel 702 located above, the two second threaded rods 705 drive the upper traction wheel 702 to clamp the cable, and the distance between the two traction wheels 702 is adjusted to adapt to the use of cables with different diameters. By arranging a displacement sensor 10, the moving distance of the walking wheel is detected at all times, so that the third driving motor can control the rotation speed of the traction wheel 702 according to the moving distance, thereby pulling out a cable length with the same moving distance.

[0039] Specifically, a brake assembly 8 is provided at one end of the fixing frame 701 for stopping the cable drum from rotating in time. The brake assembly 8 includes a brake block 804 provided on the side of one of the lower positioning plates 202 and a push rod 803 for pushing the brake block 804. The push rod 803 slides at one end of the fixing frame 701. The brake block 804 is U-shaped. The lower end of the brake block 804 slides horizontally on the side of the lower positioning plate 202 away from the guide rod 201. The upper end of the brake block 804 is fixed with an insert block 8041 on the side facing the positive and negative threaded column 301. The end of the threaded column 301 close to the brake block 804 is provided with a plurality of slots 8042 that match the insert block 8041. The surface of the brake block 804 is fixed with a third spring 8043 for pushing the brake block 804 to slide in the direction of the push rod 803. The side of the push rod 803 is fixed with a second spring 8031 ​​for driving the push rod 803 to slide in the direction of the brake block 804. The end of the push rod 803 close to the brake block 804 is fixed with a vertically arranged extension plate 8032. The brake assembly 8 also includes a spring for driving the push rod 803 and the brake block 80 4 and a conductive component 802 for controlling the electromagnet 801 to be energized. The magnetic surface of the electromagnet 801 corresponds to the tail end of the push rod 803. The conductive component 802 includes a conductive disk 8021 that rotates through a rotating shaft and a conductive ring 8022 that is fixed on the surface of the electromagnet 801. The conductive disk 8021 is electrically connected to a power source. The conductive ring 8022 is electrically connected to the electromagnet 801. The conductive disk 8021 is arranged inside the conductive ring 8022 and is concentrically arranged. The diameter of the conductive disk 8021 is smaller than the inner diameter of the conductive ring 8022. The conductive disk 8021 has a diameter, and two conductive blocks 8024 are slidably connected to the surface of the conductive disk 8021. The inner ends of the two conductive blocks 8024 are fixed with first tension springs 8023 for driving the conductive blocks 8024 to separate from the conductive ring 8022. The traction wheel 702 located below is close to the electromagnet 801 at one end and is rotatably connected to a driving gear 805 through another rotating shaft. A driven gear 806 is fixed to the other end of the rotating shaft of the conductive disk 8021. The driving gear 805 is meshed with the driven gear 806, and the diameter of the driving gear 805 is greater than the diameter of the driven gear 806.

[0040] It can be understood that, in the normal state, the third spring 8043 drives the push rod 803 to resist the brake block 804, so that the brake block 804 drives the plug block to be inserted into the slot 8042 to prevent the cable drum from rotating. When laying cables, the traction wheel 702 is in a rotating state, driving the driving gear 805 to rotate. Under the meshing relationship between the driving gear 805 and the driven gear 806, the conductive disk 8021 is driven to rotate. Since the diameters of the driving gear 805 and the driven gear 806 are different, the transmission ratio is also different, thereby increasing the rotation speed of the driven gear 806 and the conductive disk 8021, so that the conductive disk 8021 generates sufficient centrifugal force, driving the two conductive blocks 8024 to contact the conductive ring 8022, so that the electromagnet 801 is energized to generate magnetism, which generates attraction to the push rod 803. The push rod 803 is made to slide to the surface of the electromagnet 801, so that the push rod 803 is separated from the brake block 804. Under the action of the third spring 8043, the plug block 8041 is separated from the slot 8042, and the brake on the cable drum is released, so that the cable drum can rotate freely to release the cable. When it is necessary to suspend the cable laying work, the traction wheel 702 stops working, causing the conductive disk 8021 to stop rotating, the centrifugal force disappears, and the first tension spring 8023 drives the conductive block 8024 to separate from the conductive ring 8022, so that the electromagnet 801 is powered off and the magnetism disappears. The second spring 8031 ​​drives the push rod 803 to push the brake block 804 to slide, so that the plug block 8041 is inserted into the slot 8042, and the positive and negative threaded columns 301 and the cable drum are braked to prevent the cable drum from continuously rotating under the action of inertia and releasing excess cable.

[0041] Specifically, the laying mechanism also includes two groups of soil covering components 9 symmetrically arranged on the surface of the sliding frame 902. The soil covering component 9 includes a soil covering plate 901 for pushing the soil on both sides of the groove into the groove and a sliding frame 902 for driving the soil covering plate 901 to slide on the surface of the lifting frame 5. The sliding frame 902 slides on the inclined surface of the lifting frame 5. The soil covering plate 901 rotates at the lower end of the sliding frame 902 through a rotating shaft. The soil covering plate 901 is located behind the guide component 6. The lower end of the sliding frame 902 is provided with a device for driving the soil covering plate 901 relative to the guide component 6. A torsion spring with one end rotating toward the cable drum, the covering plate 901 is L-shaped, a limiting rod 903 is fixed on the surface of the covering plate 901, and two limiting blocks 904 for limiting the rotation angle of the covering plate 901 are fixed at the lower end of the sliding frame 902. The two limiting blocks 904 cooperate with the limiting rod 903. A second tension spring 905 is fixed at one end of the sliding frame 902 close to the lifting frame 5, and the other end of the second tension spring 905 is fixed to the side of the slot plate 601. The second tension spring 905 is used to drive the sliding frame 902 to slide downward on the surface of the lifting frame 5.

[0042] It can be understood that, by setting up two covering plates 901, after laying the cables, the two covering plates 901 push the soil on both sides of the groove into the groove, fill the groove and improve work efficiency. By setting up the sliding frame 902, when the guide assembly 6 penetrates into the grooves of different depths, the ground provides a reaction force to the covering plate 901, so that the covering plate 901 slides upward through the sliding frame 902, thereby achieving the purpose of adaptive height. At the same time, through the second tension spring 905, a downward pulling force is provided to the sliding frame 902 and the covering plate 901, so that the covering plate 901 can be close to the ground, providing a better scraping effect.

[0043] Specifically, lifting components 12 for controlling the height of the fixed frame 701 are respectively provided at both ends of the lifting frame 5, and the lifting component 12 includes a lifting frame 1201 sliding on the inclined surface of the lifting frame 5, a cross bar for resisting the fixed frame 701 is fixed on the top of the lifting frame 1201, a connecting block 1202 is fixed on the surface of the lifting frame 1201, and a top block 1203 for pushing the connecting block 1202 is fixed on the surface of the sliding frame 902.

[0044] It can be understood that, when the device is not in use, the guide assembly 6 and the covering assembly 9 need to be lifted upward to be higher than the ground to avoid affecting the movement of the device, and the lifting frame 5 drives the lifting. Therefore, the fixed frame 701 needs to be lifted upward synchronously to leave space for the lifting frame 5 to rise, and the surface of the fixed frame 701 is provided with a push rod 803 for pushing the brake block 804. Therefore, when laying cables, the height of the fixed frame 701 needs to be controlled at a height close to that of the brake block 804. With the ground as the reference plane, the height of the cable drum is controlled at a fixed height by the positioning sensor 13. When the lifting frame 5 drives the guide assembly 6 to lay cables in grooves of different depths, The covering plate 901 is in contact with the ground and has a fixed height, while the sliding frame 902 always pushes the lifting frame 1201 to maintain a certain height through the top block 1203 and the connecting block 1202, and lifts the fixed frame 701 through the lifting frame 1201, so that the push rod 803 can be kept at a height close to the brake block 804, so that it can push the brake block 804 to brake the cable drum. However, since the sliding frame 902 and the lifting frame 1201 slide obliquely on the surface of the lifting frame 5, there is a height deviation. Therefore, by setting an extension plate 8032 at one end of the push rod 803 close to the brake block 804, the deviation is compensated to ensure that the push rod 803 can push the brake block 804.

[0045] Specifically, the inner sides of the two sliding frames 902 are respectively provided with a limit assembly 11 for limiting the height of the sliding frames 902. The limit assembly 11 includes a limit rod 1101 that slides laterally inside the sliding frame 902 and a plurality of limit grooves 1102 provided on the surface of the lifting frame 5. The limit rod 1101 cooperates with the limit groove 1102. The surface of the limit rod 1101 is sleeved with a third tension spring 1103 for driving the limit rod 1101 to separate from the limit groove 1102. The tail end of the limit rod 1101 is fixed with a A second pull rope 1104 is used to drive the limiting rod 1101 to be inserted into the limiting groove 1102. A reversing wheel 1105 is rotated on the inner side of the sliding frame 902. The reversing wheel 1105 is located below the middle part of the limiting rod 1101. A guide block 1106 is fixed on the inner side of the sliding frame 902. A guide plate 1107 is fixed on the inner side of the lower end of the sliding frame 902. The other end of the second pull rope 1104 bypasses the reversing wheel 1105 and passes through the guide block 1106 and the guide plate 1107 to be fixed on the opposite side of the covering plate 901.

[0046] It can be understood that in the normal state, the torsion spring will drive the two covering plates 901 to rotate in opposite directions, the second pull rope 1104 is in a relaxed state, the third tension spring 1103 drives the limiting plug rod 1101 to separate from the limiting groove 1102, and the sliding frame 902 is in a slidable state. When the covering plate 901 performs bulldozing work, the soil produces a reaction force on the covering plate 901, so that the two covering plates 901 rotate at an angle away from each other through the rotating axis, and are limited by the limiting block 904 and the limiting rod 903, so that the two covering plates 901 form an "eight" shape, which is more conducive to pushing the soil into the groove. When the earth plate 901 rotates, it drives the second pull rope 1104, so that after the second pull rope 1104 rotates in the pulling direction through the reversing wheel 1105, it drives the limiting rod 1101 to be inserted into one of the limiting grooves 1102, thereby limiting the height of the sliding frame 902 and the earth plate 901, to prevent the earth plate 901 from raising the height of the earth plate 901 and the sliding frame 902 during the bulldozing process, causing the earth plate 901 to deviate from the ground reference, making the lifting height of the lifting assembly 12 to the fixed frame 701 too high, resulting in the mismatch between the push rod 803 and the brake block 804, affecting the braking effect on the cable drum.

[0047] This embodiment also provides a method for laying underground cables, based on the above-mentioned device for laying underground cables, characterized in that it includes the following steps: S1, install the clamping assembly 3 in the center hole of the cable drum, then move the placement frame 1 to the top of the cable drum through the walking mechanism 4, raise the cable drum through the lifting assembly 2, and limit the clamping assembly 3 through the upper positioning plate 203 and the lower positioning plate 202; S2, move the placement frame 1 to the top of the groove, and use the lifting frame 5 to push the guide assembly 6 into the pre-opened groove. When the lifting frame 5 descends, the soil covering assembly 9 is driven to move downward. When the soil covering plate 901 contacts the ground, the ground provides a reaction force to the soil covering plate 901, so that the soil covering plate 901 slides upward through the sliding frame 902, and the height difference between the soil covering plate 901 and the bottom of the guide assembly 6 is automatically adjusted to adapt to grooves of different depths. At the same time, the lifting assembly 12 lifts the fixed frame 701 to control its height; S3, manually place one end of the cable between the two traction wheels 702, drag the cable out from the surface of the cable drum through the traction wheel 702, and lay the cable in the groove through the guide assembly 6, while the walking mechanism 4 drives the cable drum forward to lay the cable, and the covering plate 901 performs bulldozing to push the soil into the groove; S4. When the laying work is suspended, the traction wheel 702 stops working, the electromagnet 801 is powered off through the conductive component 802, the magnetism disappears, and the push rod 803 is driven by the second spring 8031 ​​to push the brake block 804 so that the insert block 8041 is inserted into the slot 8042 to brake the cable drum. In the present invention, the positive and negative threaded column 301 is inserted into the center hole of the cable drum, and clamping wheels 302 are respectively installed at both ends of the positive and negative threaded column 301, so that the two clamping wheels 302 drive the conical column to be inserted into the center hole of the cable drum for squeezing and clamping, and then the placement frame 1 is moved to the top of the cable drum through the walking mechanism 4, and the two winch wheels 204 are driven to rotate simultaneously by the double-headed motor, so that the first pull rope 205 drives the lower positioning plate 202 to lift the optical axis of the positive and negative threaded column 301, and the cable drum is raised, and the height of the lower positioning plate 202 is positioned by the positioning sensor 13. When the height of the lower positioning plate 202 corresponds to the height of the positioning sensor 13, the lower positioning plate 202 and the upper positioning plate 203 are combined to limit the positive and negative threaded column 301 , so that the placement frame 1 moves to the top of the groove, the first threaded rod 501 is driven to rotate by the first driving motor, and the guide assembly 6 is driven by the lifting frame 5 to go deep into the pre-opened groove, and one end of the cable is manually placed between the two traction wheels 702, so that the two second threaded rods 705 drive the upper traction wheel 702 to clamp the cable, and the traction wheel 702 is driven to rotate by the third driving motor. Under the action of the two traction wheels 702, the cable is dragged out from the surface of the cable drum, so that the cable moves to the surface of the guide assembly 6, and is transported to the groove by multiple lower conveying wheels 602. The cable is laid, and the upper conveying wheel 606 is driven by the first spring 605 to cooperate with the lower conveying wheel 602 to generate a clamping force on the cable to prevent the cable from running off. The second driving motor generates a pulling force on the cable to avoid bending of the cable due to the lack of pulling force when laying a cable with a thinner diameter, thereby affecting the laying work. The displacement sensor 10 constantly detects the moving distance of the walking wheel, so that the third driving motor can control the rotation speed of the traction wheel 702 according to the moving distance, thereby pulling out a cable of the same length as the moving distance. When the guiding assembly 6 goes deep into the groove, the ground provides a reaction force to the covering plate 901, so that the covering plate 901 slides upward through the sliding frame 902, and the covering plate 901 can be close to the ground through the second tension spring 905. After laying the cable, the two covering plates 901 push the soil on both sides of the groove into the groove to fill the groove and improve work efficiency. At the same time, the supporting frame 905 can also be used to control the rotation speed of the traction wheel 702 according to the moving distance. The lifting assembly 12 lifts the fixed frame 701 to control its height. When the covering plate 901 is doing bulldozing, the soil generates a reaction force on the covering plate 901, causing the two covering plates 901 to rotate at an angle away from each other through the rotating axis. While the covering plate 901 is rotating, the second pull rope 1104 is driven, so that the second pull rope 1104 rotates in the direction of the pulling force through the reversing wheel 1105, and then drives the limiting rod 1101 to be inserted into one of the limiting grooves 1102, thereby limiting the height of the sliding frame 902 and the covering plate 901. When it is necessary to suspend the laying work, the traction wheel 702 stops working, causing the conductive disk 8021 to stop rotating, the centrifugal force disappears, and the first tension spring 8023 drives the conductive block 8024 to separate from the conductive ring 8022.The electromagnet 801 is powered off, the magnetism disappears, and the second spring 8031 ​​drives the push rod 803 to push the brake block 804 to slide, so that the insert block 8041 is inserted into the slot 8042, braking the positive and negative threaded column 301 and the cable drum to prevent the cable drum from continuously rotating under the action of inertia and releasing excess cable.

[0048] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0050] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underground cable laying device, characterized in that: It includes a placing mechanism for placing the cable drum and a laying mechanism for laying the cable and covering the soil at the same time; The placement mechanism comprises a placement rack (1) and a lifting assembly (2) arranged on the surface of the placement rack (1) for driving the cable reel to be lifted, wherein the lifting assembly (2) lifts the cable reel via a clamping assembly (3); The laying mechanism comprises a lifting frame (5) that slides up and down on the rear side of the placement frame (1) and a traction assembly (7) for dragging the cable, wherein the traction assembly (7) is located above the lifting frame (5); The surface of the traction assembly (7) is provided with a brake assembly (8) for stopping the cable drum from rotating in time. The brake assembly (8) comprises a brake block (804) for braking the cable drum and a push rod (803) for pushing the brake block (804). The push rod (803) is separated from the brake block (804) by an electromagnet (801).

2. The underground cable laying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (2) comprises guide rods (201) fixed on both sides of the placement frame (1) and lower positioning plates (202) vertically sliding on the surfaces of the guide rods (201); an upper positioning plate (203) located above the lower positioning plate (202) is fixed on the surface of the guide rods (201); the upper positioning plate (203) and the lower positioning plate (202) are used to limit the clamping assembly (3).

3. The underground cable laying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction assembly (7) comprises a fixed frame (701) sliding on the rear side of the placement frame (1) and a traction wheel (702) rotating in the middle of the fixed frame (701); a second mounting frame (703) is fixed in the middle of the fixed frame (701); through grooves for sliding second sliders (704) are provided on both sides of the second mounting frame (703); another traction wheel (702) is rotatably provided on the opposite surfaces of the two second sliders (704).

4. The underground cable laying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the brake block (804) slides horizontally on a side of the lower positioning plate (202) away from the guide rod (201); an insert block (8041) is fixed to the upper end of the brake block (804) facing the positive and negative threaded column (301); a plurality of slots (8042) matching with the insert block (8041) are formed at one end of the clamping assembly (3) close to the brake block (804); and a third spring (8043) is fixed on the surface of the brake block (804) for pushing the brake block (804) to slide in the direction of the push rod (803).

5. The underground cable laying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second spring (8031) is fixed to the side of the push rod (803) for driving the push rod (803) to slide in the direction of the brake block (804), and a vertically arranged extension plate (8032) is fixed to one end of the push rod (803) close to the brake block (804).

6. The underground cable laying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake assembly (8) further comprises a conductive assembly (802) for controlling the electromagnet (801) to be energized, the conductive assembly (802) comprising a conductive disk (8021) that rotates via a rotating shaft and a conductive ring (8022) that is fixed to the surface of the electromagnet (801), two conductive blocks (8024) being slidably connected to the surface of the conductive disk (8021), a first tension spring (8023) for driving the conductive blocks (8024) to separate from the conductive ring (8022) being fixed to the inner ends of the two conductive blocks (8024), and the conductive disk (8021) being transmission-connected to a traction wheel (702) located below via a driven gear (806) and a driving gear (805).

7. The underground cable laying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laying mechanism further comprises two sets of soil covering components (9) symmetrically arranged on the surface of a sliding frame (902), the soil covering components (9) comprising soil covering plates (901) for pushing soil on both sides of the groove into the groove, and a sliding frame (902) for driving the soil covering plates (901) to slide on the surface of the lifting frame (5), the sliding frame (902) sliding on the inclined surface of the lifting frame (5), and the soil covering plates (901) rotating on the lower end of the sliding frame (902) via a rotating shaft.

8. The underground cable laying device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Lifting assemblies (12) for controlling the height of a fixed frame (701) are respectively arranged at both ends of the lifting frame (5); the lifting assembly (12) comprises a lifting frame (1201) sliding on an inclined surface of the lifting frame (5); a connecting block (1202) is fixed on the surface of the lifting frame (1201); and a top block (1203) for pushing the connecting block (1202) is fixed on the surface of the sliding frame (902).

9. The underground cable laying device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A limiting assembly (11) for limiting the height of the sliding frame (902) is respectively arranged on the inner side of the two sliding frames (902), the limiting assembly (111) comprising a limiting rod (1101) sliding laterally on the inner side of the sliding frame (902) and a plurality of limiting grooves (1102) provided on the surface of the lifting frame (5), a third tension spring (1103) for driving the limiting rod (1101) to separate from the limiting groove (1102) is sleeved on the surface of the limiting rod (1101), a second pull rope (1104) for driving the limiting rod (1101) to be inserted into the limiting groove (1102) is fixed to the tail end of the limiting rod (1101), the other end of the second pull rope (1104) is fixed to the opposite side of the covering plate (901), and a reversing wheel (1105) for changing the pulling direction of the second pull rope (1104) is rotatably provided on the inner side of the sliding frame (902).

10. A method for laying underground cables, based on an underground cable laying device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, installing the clamping assembly (3) in the center hole of the cable drum, then moving the placement frame (1) to the top of the cable drum via the walking mechanism (4), raising the cable drum via the lifting assembly (2), and limiting the clamping assembly (3) via the upper positioning plate (203) and the lower positioning plate (202); S2, moving the placement frame (1) above the groove, and using the lifting frame (5) to move the guide assembly (6) deep into the groove that has been opened in advance. When the lifting frame (5) descends, the soil covering assembly (9) is driven to move downward. When the soil covering plate (901) contacts the ground, the ground provides a reaction force to the soil covering plate (901), so that the soil covering plate (901) slides upward through the sliding frame (902), and the height difference between the soil covering plate (901) and the bottom of the guide assembly (6) is automatically adjusted to adapt to grooves of different depths. At the same time, the lifting assembly (12) lifts the fixed frame (701) to control its height; S3, manually placing one end of the cable between the two traction wheels (702), dragging the cable from the surface of the cable drum through the traction wheel (702), and laying the cable in the groove through the guide assembly (6), while the walking mechanism (4) drives the cable drum forward to perform laying work, and the covering plate (901) performs bulldozing work to push soil into the groove; S4. When the laying work is suspended, the traction wheel (702) stops working, the electromagnet (801) is powered off through the conductive component (802), the magnetism disappears, and the push rod (803) is driven by the second spring (8031) to push the brake block (804) so ​​that the insertion block (8041) is inserted into the slot (8042), thereby braking the cable drum.

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